JP4352081B2 - Engine and transmission control device - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to an engine and a transmission control device, and more particularly, to an engine and a transmission control device that perform cooperative control between the engine and the transmission during a shift of the transmission.

  An automatic mechanical transmission (ATM) that operates a manual transmission by driving an actuator by a control device first disengages the clutch, performs a gear change, and then reconnects the clutch. It is automated by driving. In a vehicle, particularly a two-wheeled vehicle, in order to improve the feeling, it is required to reduce the time for re-engaging the clutch after the gear change, and thus to reduce the overall clutch disengagement time. Further, due to safety and feeling problems, it is also required that the vehicle does not behave when the clutch is engaged, that is, that no shift shock is generated.

  Based on the above requirements, for example, a control device that detects the rotational speeds of both the input side and the output side of the clutch and determines the speed of clutch reconnection based on these deviations has been proposed. In this proposal, the clutch is connected at the first speed until the rotational speed on the input side and the rotational speed on the output side of the clutch are equal to or lower than a predetermined value when the clutch is reconnected. The clutch is connected at a second speed higher than the first speed. According to this proposal, it is possible to detect a condition for completing the clutch connection based on the difference between the input and output rotational speeds of the clutch, and to shorten the time required to complete the shift (for example, see Patent Document 1).

  Further, there has been proposed a shift control device that reduces or stops the output of the engine at the time of shifting and increases the output of the engine when the shifting is completed. According to this proposal, it is possible to prevent the engine from being blown up during shifting and to easily converge the difference in the input / output speed of the clutch (for example, see Patent Document 2).

JP 2001-146930 A (summary column, FIG. 27) JP-A-5-332428 (summary column, FIG. 7)

  The control device proposed in the above-mentioned document 1 detects the rotational speed on the output side of the clutch. However, in a small two-wheeled vehicle, since the vehicle price is low, an inexpensive system cost is required. It is necessary to avoid the addition. If the difference in clutch rotational speed is reduced by the driver's accelerator operation, it is possible to shorten the shift time by connecting the clutch at the second speed. There is a problem that the engine is not controlled to be reduced, and whether or not the shift time can be shortened depends on the operation of the driver.

  Further, in the control device proposed in the above-mentioned document 2, only torque down is taken into consideration, and torque up at the time of downshifting cannot be performed. The clutch input / output rotational speed difference is all absorbed by the clutch, and the durability of the clutch becomes a problem. Further, the output is constantly reduced from the start to the end of the shift, and the driver feels a deceleration from the start of the shift to the disconnection of the clutch or from the reconnection of the clutch to the completion of the shift.

  The present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems, and provides an engine and transmission control device that shortens the shift time and improves the durability of the clutch.

An engine and transmission control device according to the present invention includes an engine control unit that performs at least one of fuel injection amount control and ignition timing control of an engine, and a shift that performs shift control of a transmission having a clutch and a plurality of gears. Control means; engine speed detection means for detecting an engine speed between the engine and the clutch ; target engine speed setting means for calculating and setting a target engine speed based on the engine speed at the start of shifting; Correction means for correcting at least one of the fuel injection amount and the ignition timing so that the engine rotation speed becomes the target engine rotation speed during a shift, and when the clutch is reconnected after changing the gear of the transmission Clutch engagement speed for determining the clutch engagement speed based on the target engine rotation speed and the actual engine rotation speed A constant section, in which with a.

  According to the engine and transmission control device of the present invention, it is possible to provide an engine and transmission control device that shortens the shift time and improves the durability of the clutch.

  Exemplary embodiments of an engine and a transmission control apparatus according to the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Embodiment 1 FIG.
1 is a block diagram of an engine and transmission control apparatus according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. In FIG. 1, reference numeral 1 denotes an engine control unit, and the engine control unit 1 includes a microprocessor 2. Also, a crank angle sensor 3 that outputs a signal at a predetermined crank angle according to the rotation of the crankshaft, an injector 4 that injects fuel, an ignition coil 5 that generates a high voltage for ignition, and a bypass passage of a throttle body (not shown) An arranged ISC valve (Idle Speed Control valve: hereinafter referred to as a bypass valve) 6 is connected to the engine control unit 1.

The microprocessor 2 inputs the output signal of the crank angle sensor 3 via the interface 7 and calculates the engine rotation speed from the cycle of the input signal, and the engine rotation speed, a throttle position sensor (not shown), and the intake pipe pressure Based on information from various sensors such as sensors, the fuel injection time, ignition timing, and the bypass valve opening are calculated during idling. Based on these calculation results, the drivers 8 to 10 drive and control the injector 4, ignition coil 5, and bypass valve 6 to control the engine. That is, the microprocessor 2 functions as engine control means.

  Reference numeral 11 denotes a transmission control unit. The transmission control unit 11 includes a microprocessor 12 that functions as a shift control means, and a drive circuit 13 that operates based on an output signal of the microprocessor 12. Further, the crank angle sensor 3, the shift switch 14, the motor 15, and the shaft position sensor 16 are connected to the transmission control unit 11. Further, a sensor such as a gear position sensor (not shown) is connected to the transmission control unit 11.

  The drive circuit 13 is configured to switch the energization amount and energization direction of the motor 15 based on the output signal of the microprocessor 12. The shift switch 14 is arranged at the driver's hand and includes a shift up switch and a shift down switch (not shown). An output signal from the shift switch 14 is input to the microprocessor 12 via the interface 17.

  The output shaft of the motor 15 is connected to a transmission having a plurality of gears (not shown), and the output shaft of the transmission is connected to a lever (not shown). When the lever rotates a shift shaft (not shown) in one direction, the shift clutch (not shown) is disconnected and the gear (not shown) is replaced. It is configured as follows. As will be described later, the microprocessor 12 functions as a clutch connection speed determining means for determining the clutch connection speed based on the target engine speed and the actual engine speed when the clutch is reconnected after the gear change. have.

  The shaft position sensor 16 detects the rotation angle of the shift shaft, and the detection signal is input to the microprocessor 12 via the interface 18.

  Reference numeral 19 denotes a command signal from the transmission control unit 11 to the engine control unit 1, and the command signal 19 is composed of a 4-channel digital signal. Further, the microprocessor 12 inputs the output signal of the crank angle sensor 3 via the interface 20, and calculates the engine rotation speed from the cycle of the input signal. The microprocessor 12 and the microprocessor 2 are connected via interfaces 21 and 22, respectively.

The engine and transmission control apparatus according to Embodiment 1 is configured as described above. Next, an operation when performing a shift will be described with reference to FIG.
FIG. 2 is a timing chart for explaining the operation when shifting is performed by the engine and transmission control apparatus according to the first embodiment. From the top of the timing chart, the shift up switch, the shaft rotation angle, the engine rotation speed, and the ignition timing. It is a time chart which shows the amount of correction | amendment and the state of ignition cut implementation / non-execution.

  Now, when the upshift switch of the shift switch 14 is pressed, the upshift switch input becomes High level as shown in FIG. 2, and at the timing A, the microprocessor 12 recognizes the High level and performs the shift control. Start.

The microprocessor 12 instructs the driver 13 to energize the motor 15 and rotates a shift shaft (not shown). Moreover, to calculate a target engine rotational speed by multiplying the engagement number set through the gear ratio in the engine rotational speed at the shift start, it sets. For example, if the engine speed at the start of the upshift from the first speed to the second speed is 3000 rpm, the speed ratio of the first speed is 2.56, and the speed ratio of the second speed is 1.72, the target engine speed is 3000 rpm × 1. 72 / 2.56 = 2016 rpm. In this way, the target engine speed is calculated by setting the target engine speed by multiplying the engine speed at the start of the shift by the gear ratio after the shift, and dividing by the gear ratio before the shift , thereby setting the target engine speed after the shift. It becomes possible.

  Further, the microprocessor 12 functions as an ignition timing correction means, and sets a shaft rotation angle at which ignition timing correction is started and a shaft rotation angle at which ignition timing correction is ended when shifting is started. These angles are set in the half-clutch region shown in FIG. If ignition timing correction is started before the clutch is disengaged, the vehicle may behave due to a change in engine torque. Therefore, it is desirable that the ignition timing correction be performed with the clutch disengaged to some extent. Therefore, it is performed at a position close to the lower limit of the half-clutch region shown in FIG. In addition, if ignition timing correction is completed before the clutch is connected, there is a risk that the engine will blow up, or the engine may be slowed down, leaving the target engine rotational speed. desirable. Therefore, it is performed at a position close to the upper limit of the half-clutch region shown in FIG.

  Next, at the timing B in FIG. 2, the shaft rotation angle is below the ignition timing correction start angle set at the timing A, and at this time, the ignition timing correction is started. Specifically, a map for setting an ignition timing correction amount corresponding to the deviation between the target engine speed set at the timing A and the current engine speed is prepared in advance, and the ignition timing correction amount is set by map search. The higher the current engine speed relative to the target engine speed, the larger the ignition timing correction amount will be on the retard side. The lower the current engine speed relative to the target engine speed, the greater the ignition timing correction amount will be on the advance side. It becomes.

  The ignition timing is corrected after the timing B in FIG. 2. Immediately after starting the ignition timing correction, the current engine speed is higher than the target engine speed and the deviation is large, so the ignition timing is greatly corrected to the retard side. The In FIG. 2, the delay angle is a maximum of 14 deg immediately after the ignition timing correction is started. In this embodiment, when the ignition timing correction amount is retarded by 10 degrees or more, ignition cut is executed. The engine speed is reduced due to the ignition cut, and the deviation between the target engine speed and the current engine speed is reduced accordingly. Therefore, the ignition timing correction amount (retard amount) is reduced.

  At the timing shown in FIG. 2C, when the shaft reversal condition, for example, the completion of switching to the target gear, is established, the motor 15 is driven in reverse, and the shaft is rotated in the opposite direction to reconnect the clutch. .

  The timing D in FIG. 2 is the timing at which the shaft rotation angle reaches the preset start angle of the half-clutch region, and the shaft rotation until F, which is the timing at which the end angle of the half-clutch region is reached thereafter. The speed (half-clutch speed) is retrieved from a map that sets a half-clutch speed corresponding to the deviation between the target engine speed and the current engine speed, as in the ignition timing correction amount described above. The larger the deviation between the target engine speed and the current engine speed, the lower the speed. When the deviation is 0, the speed becomes high. In FIG. 2, the deviation is small and the rotational speed in the half-clutch region is high (solid line). If the deviation is not small even after ignition timing correction, the shaft is rotated at a low speed. It will be followed.

  At the timing E in FIG. 2, the shaft rotation angle exceeds the ignition timing correction end angle set at the timing A, and at this time, the ignition timing correction ends. In FIG. 2, the ignition timing correction amount is already 0 at the timing E, but if the ignition timing correction amount is not 0 at this time, the ignition timing correction amount is set to 0 at a predetermined angle after the timing F. Go back to.

  The timing F in FIG. 2 is a timing at which the shaft rotation angle reaches a preset end angle of the half-clutch region, and thereafter the shaft is rotated toward the initial position. Then, when the shaft reaches the initial position at the timing G, the shaft is stopped to complete the shift.

In the above-described embodiment, the ignition timing correction is transmitted from the transmission control unit 11 to the engine control unit 1 as a 4-channel digital signal through four wires. Of the four channels, the first channel is used as a sign bit to transmit the correction timing of the ignition timing, and the ignition timing advance angle is set to High and the ignition timing retard angle is set to Low. The ignition timing correction amount is indicated by 3 bits of the second to fourth channels. In the present embodiment, 2 deg / LSB (Least Significant
Bit: the least significant bit of data), and can indicate a correction amount of 0 to 14 deg. If the number of wirings is increased, the maximum value of the correction amount can be further increased, and the resolution of 1 bit can be reduced. As another method, the ignition timing correction amount may be transmitted by serial communication or CAN (Controller Area Nwtwork) communication. If these methods are used, not only the transmission timing correction request is transmitted from the transmission control unit 11 to the engine control unit 1, but usually the transmission control unit 11 such as a gear position sensor, a throttle position sensor, and a water temperature sensor is used. It is also possible to share information of sensors that are connected to only one of the engine control units 1.

  In the above-described embodiment, the up-shifting operation has been described, but the shaft rotates in the reverse direction during down-shifting. In the case of downshifting, there is a high possibility that the current engine speed is lower than the target engine speed. However, if the ignition timing correction amount is large on the advance side, the engine control unit 1 may increase the fuel injection amount. It is good, and the opening degree of the bypass valve may be increased. If an electronically controlled throttle valve is provided, the throttle opening may be increased. Further, the map of the ignition timing correction amount and the half-clutch speed may be different between the upshift and the downshift. A dedicated map for each gear may be used.

  In the above embodiment, it is assumed that the shaft rotational speed in the half-clutch region is searched from one map that sets the half-clutch speed corresponding to the deviation between the target engine rotational speed and the current engine rotational speed. The half-clutch area may be divided into a plurality of areas and a map corresponding to each divided area may be set. In this case, if the deviation between the target engine rotational speed and the current engine rotational speed is the same value, the map is set so that the shaft rotational speed becomes slower in the region closer to the initial position.

Further, in the above embodiment, the target engine rotation speed is calculated and set at the timing of the shift start A, but after that, the clutch is connected until the timing of B, and when the shift is up with the accelerator open, There is a possibility that the vehicle speed will increase after this timing and the correct target engine speed cannot be calculated . In consideration of this, the calculation of the target engine speed may be executed at a timing near B. In addition, if the upshift is performed while the brake is applied, the vehicle speed may decrease during a shift, and the correct target engine speed may not be achieved only by the above-mentioned countermeasures. Considering this, the rate of change of the engine speed is always calculated, and when the target engine speed is calculated, the amount of decrease in the actual engine speed by the timing D is calculated from the rate of change of the engine speed. Then, the target engine speed may be obtained by multiplying the gear ratio.

As described above, according to the first embodiment, the engine speed is feedback-controlled by the fuel injection amount and the ignition timing so that the target engine speed calculated and set at the start of shifting is performed, and the vehicle behavior when the clutch is reconnected. Can be controlled in the suppression direction. Moreover, the durability of the clutch is improved by reducing the difference in engine speed absorbed by the clutch by approaching the optimum engine speed. Further, when the clutch is reconnected, the connection speed can be increased if the target engine speed is approached.

Also, since the target engine speed is calculated by multiplying the engine speed at the start of the shift by the gear ratio after the shift and dividing by the gear ratio before the shift, the target engine speed after the shift is predicted and set as the target. There is an effect that becomes possible.

In addition, the target engine speed is calculated when the clutch position is on the disengagement side from the start of shifting , so the accelerator is kept open by waiting for the target engine speed to be calculated until the clutch is disengaged. Even in the case of shifting, it is possible to calculate the target engine speed more accurately.

  In addition, since the target engine speed is increased or decreased based on the amount of change in the engine speed when calculating the target engine speed, the expected decrease in vehicle speed during gear shifting is anticipated when shifting while braking. Therefore, the target engine speed can be corrected to decrease, and the target engine speed can be calculated more accurately.

  In addition, when the engine speed is higher than the target engine speed during the shift, the ignition timing is corrected to be retarded, so the engine torque is reduced so that the engine speed approaches the target engine speed during the shift. There is a possible effect.

  In addition, when the retard correction amount is equal to or greater than the predetermined amount, at least one of the ignition control and the fuel injection control is not executed, so when the torque is not sufficiently reduced only by the retard correction of the ignition timing, Further, there is an effect that the torque can be reduced and control can be performed so that the engine rotational speed during shifting approaches the target engine rotational speed.

  In addition, when the engine speed is lower than the target engine speed during gear shifting, at least one of ignition timing advance correction, fuel injection amount increase correction, and bypass air increase correction is executed. By increasing the torque using any means, there is an effect that the engine rotational speed during the shift can be controlled so as to approach the target engine rotational speed.

In addition, the correction is started when the clutch position is closer to the disconnection side than the start of disconnection, and after the gear change until the completion of clutch engagement, the correction is started. Therefore, there is an effect that the correction control can be executed in such a period that the change in the engine torque due to the engine does not appear in the vehicle behavior and that the correction ends immediately after the clutch is reconnected.

  Also, as the engine rotation speed approaches the target engine rotation speed, the clutch connection speed is increased, so the engine rotation speed approaches the target engine rotation speed, and even if the clutch connection speed is increased, no behavior appears in the vehicle. In this case, the clutch is quickly connected to shorten the shift time, improve the feeling, and reduce the frequency of use of the half-clutch, thereby improving the durability of the clutch.

Furthermore, since the clutch connection speed from the clutch start time to the connection completion time is determined, this control is performed only in the half-clutch region between the connection start time and the connection completion time , and the clutch is restarted. In other sections at the time of connection, moving at full speed has the effect of shortening the shift time and improving the feeling.

Embodiment 2. FIG.
Next, a second embodiment of the present invention will be described. FIG. 3 is a block diagram of an engine and transmission control apparatus according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention. In the first embodiment, the engine control unit 1 and the transmission control unit 11 are configured as different control units, but in the second embodiment, the engine control unit and the transmission control unit are configured as one control unit. The engine and the transmission control unit 30 are provided. The engine and transmission control unit 30 includes a microprocessor 31, which includes a crank angle sensor 3, an injector 4, an ignition coil 5, a bypass valve 6, a shift switch 14, a motor 14 via a driver 13, and a shaft position sensor. 16 is connected.

  The engine and transmission control apparatus according to the second embodiment is the same as that in the first embodiment in correcting the ignition timing during a shift and implementing the shaft rotation speed in the half-clutch region. In order to calculate both the transmission and the transmission control, the command and information are transferred by the RAM in the microprocessor 31. Unlike the first embodiment, additional input / output interfaces and wiring, communication processing and interface There is no addition. In addition, about another structure, it is the same as that of Embodiment 1, and abbreviate | omits description by attaching | subjecting the same code | symbol.

  According to the second embodiment, in addition to the effects of the first embodiment, there is no time lag in the transmission of the correction command from the shift control means to the engine control means, and the feedback control accuracy of the engine rotation is improved. Moreover, by executing with one microprocessor 31, there is an effect that the cost of common parts such as a power source, a clock, a substrate, a housing, etc. and the microprocessor 31 itself can be halved and the total cost can be reduced.

  The engine and transmission control device according to the present invention can be applied to an integrated control device for engine control and transmission control of a small two-wheeled vehicle.

1 is a block diagram of an engine and transmission control apparatus according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. FIG. 3 is a timing chart illustrating an operation when performing a shift by the engine and transmission control apparatus according to the first embodiment. It is a block diagram of the control apparatus of the engine and transmission which concern on Embodiment 2 of this invention.

Explanation of symbols

1 Engine control unit 2, 12, 31 Microprocessor 3 Crank angle sensor 4 Injector 5 Ignition coil 6 ISC valve 7, 17, 18, 20, 21, 22 Interface 8, 9, 10, 13 Driver 11 Transmission control unit 14 Shift Switch 15 Motor 16 Shaft position sensor 19 Command signal 30 Engine and transmission control unit

Claims (11)

Engine control means for performing at least one of fuel injection amount control and ignition timing control of the engine, shift control means for performing shift control of a transmission having a clutch and a plurality of gears, and engine rotation between the engine and the clutch an engine rotational speed detecting means for detecting the speed, the target engine rotational speed setting means for setting calculates the target engine rotational speed based on the engine rotational speed at the shift start, the rotational speed of rotating the target engine of the engine during the shift Correction means for correcting at least one of the fuel injection amount and the ignition timing so as to achieve a speed, and based on the target engine speed and the actual engine speed when the clutch is reconnected after changing the gear of the transmission. A clutch connection speed determining means for determining the clutch connection speed; Control device for a transmission. Engine control means for performing at least one of fuel injection amount control and ignition timing control of the engine, shift control means for performing shift control of a transmission having a clutch and a plurality of gears, and engine rotation between the engine and the clutch Engine rotational speed detecting means for detecting speed, and target engine rotational speed setting means for calculating and setting a target engine rotational speed based on the engine rotational speed when the clutch position is in a half-clutch region after the shift start timing. And correction means for correcting at least one of the fuel injection amount and the ignition timing so that the engine rotational speed becomes the target engine rotational speed during a shift, and the clutch re-engagement after changing the gear of the transmission. At the time of connection, the clutch connection speed is determined based on the target engine speed and the actual engine speed. Control device for an engine and a transmission, characterized in that it comprises a latching connection speed determining means. The target engine rotation speed setting means calculates the target engine rotation speed by multiplying the engine rotation speed at the start of a shift by a post-shift gear ratio and dividing by the pre-shift gear ratio. The engine and transmission control device according to claim 2.   The engine according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the target engine rotational speed setting means increases or decreases the target engine rotational speed based on an engine rotational speed change amount when the target engine rotational speed is calculated. And a transmission control device.   The engine and transmission according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the correction means corrects the ignition timing when the engine speed is higher than the target engine speed during gear shifting. Control device. The engine control means, the retard correction amount engine and transmission according to claim 5, wherein not performing at least one of the ignition timing control and the fuel injection quantity control when it becomes equal to or greater than a predetermined amount Machine control device.   The correction means executes at least one of ignition timing advance correction, fuel injection amount increase correction, and bypass air increase correction when the engine rotation speed is lower than the target engine rotation speed during gear shifting. The engine and transmission control device according to any one of claims 1 to 6. The correction means starts correction when the position of the clutch is closer to the disconnection side than the disconnection start time , and executes correction until the clutch connection completion time after the gear change. The engine and transmission control device according to any one of claims 1 to 7.   9. The engine and transmission control device according to claim 1, wherein the clutch connection speed determining means increases the clutch connection speed as the engine rotation speed approaches the target engine rotation speed. . The engine and transmission according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the clutch connection speed determining means determines a clutch connection speed between a connection start time and a connection completion time of the clutch. Control device.   The engine control means, the shift control means, the engine rotation speed detection means, the target engine rotation speed setting means, the correction means, and the clutch connection speed determination means are all executed by a single microprocessor. The engine and transmission control device according to any one of claims 1 to 10.

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