JP4337273B2 - Basal metabolism enhancer - Google Patents

Basal metabolism enhancer Download PDF

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JP4337273B2
JP4337273B2 JP2001122613A JP2001122613A JP4337273B2 JP 4337273 B2 JP4337273 B2 JP 4337273B2 JP 2001122613 A JP2001122613 A JP 2001122613A JP 2001122613 A JP2001122613 A JP 2001122613A JP 4337273 B2 JP4337273 B2 JP 4337273B2
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dha
basal metabolism
basal
test
obesity
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JP2002315535A (en
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憲治 古賀
健治 坂巻
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Nippon Suisan KK
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Nippon Suisan KK
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Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
この発明は、DHAの摂取によって基礎代謝を増進させ肥満を改善させることを目的とした基礎代謝増進剤に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
従来基礎代謝を増進させ肥満を改善させる食品は提案されていない。病的肥満の治療の場合、基礎代謝を増進させる薬物療法として甲状腺ホルモン(TH)が使われる例がある。THは、ヒトを含む動物の酸素消費量の増加、放熱促進、水分代謝調節などの作用によって、基礎代謝量を維持、向上させる機能を有している。甲状腺機能亢進症の患者では血中TH濃度が上昇し、著しい基礎代謝量の増加が認められる。一方、血中TH濃度は食事制限下で低下し、ある程度減量が進むとそれ以上の減量効果が出難くなる、いわゆる適応現象の原因となることが知られている。抗肥満の療法では、THを追加投与して適応現象を克服しようとする場合があるが、筋や骨量の低下や心臓への影響(心拍増加、心房変動、心不全など)から長期には使えないものとされている。
【0003】
「第三版栄養学ハンドブック(技報堂出版)」によれば、基礎代謝とは、快適な温度(20〜25℃)で肉体、精神ともに安静で、空腹(食後12〜16時間)、横臥時覚醒状態の消費エネルギーをいう。従って、基礎代謝は生命を維持するための必要な最小限のエネルギーであり、同じ季節に一定条件下で測定された場合は、同一人においてほぼ同じ値である。しかし、この値は個々の人間において、体格、年齢、性などの要因で変動する。
【0004】
まず、体の大きい人は小さい人よりも身体を構成する細胞の数が多い。従って、基礎代謝量は多くなる。体熱はすべて体表面から放散されるが、体温を一定に保つためには失う熱量と産生する熱量が同じでなければならないため、基礎代謝は体表面積と高い相関を示す。単位体表面積当たりの基礎代謝量は動物の種類によらずほぼ同じであり、体表面積1m当たり1日に約1000kcalである。
【0005】
次に体表面積当たりの基礎代謝基準値は新生児では低いが、2〜3歳で最高値となり、その後急激に低下する。思春期には低下が緩やかになり、その後はさらに緩やかな低下となる。
【0006】
また、女子は男子よりも基礎代謝が6〜10%低い。これは、除脂肪体重当たりの代謝量では男女の差は小さいが、女子は男子よりも体脂肪が多く、体格が小さいためである。また、女子では基礎代謝は月経の影響で変動し、排卵期を中心とした体温の低いときは基礎代謝量も低下する。
【0007】
環境温度が下がると体温を保つための発熱量が多くなるので、基礎代謝量は高くなり、環境温度が上がると体内での熱の産生を抑制するため、低くなる。寒冷地に適応した人の基礎代謝量は、普通の人に比べて高い。季節変化では、夏は低く冬は高くなり、季節間で10%程度の変動がある。
【0008】
スポーツマンや重労働に従事する者のような筋肉組織が発達した人は基礎代謝量が高く、肥満者や知的作業者は基礎代謝量が低いとされている。肥満者の基礎代謝量が低いのは、女子の基礎代謝量が男子よりも低いのと同様に体脂肪が多いためであり、筋肉の多い人は活性組織が多いために高い値を示すと考えられる。
【0009】
また、発熱時には基礎代謝量は高く、体温1℃の上昇により13%の代謝亢進がある。また、代謝ホルモンの増減でも基礎代謝量は変動し、甲状腺機能が亢進するバセドウ病では代謝が亢進し、逆に機能が低下する粘液水腫では基礎代謝量が著しく低下する。
【0010】
【発明により解決しようとする課題】
肥満は一種の成人病とも云われ、現代人にとって解決が望まれる病気の1つであるが、健康は各種バランスによって正常に保たれているので、前記甲状腺ホルモンによる治療は、最終手段であって、なるべく普通の生活をしている間に改善することが好ましい。
【0011】
通常、肥満の抑制・解消には、カロリー摂取を少なくする目的で、食事制限を中心とするいわゆるダイエットが行われている。
【0012】
しかし、ダイエットによる肥満の抑制・解消は、従前の食生活の根本的な転換を必須要件とし、一定の減量の成果が確認された後に、従前の食生活に戻るともとの肥満に戻ってしまう事が多いという現実がある。又、過度のダイエットは、生体防護機能等の影響から、基礎代謝量が下がってしまい、却ってダイエットの効果を減殺し、しいては、ダイエット中止後のリバウンドの一因となってしまう。
【0013】
従って、日常の食生活を、特に変更することなく、効果的に肥満を抑制・解消するためには、最も安全で、かつ持続が期待できる等の理由から、日々自然に飲食することができる食品を用いることが望まれていた。
【0014】
【課題を解決する為の手段】
そこで基礎代謝について着目し、これを増進させることにより、無理なくダイエットと同様の効果を奏する食品について鋭意研究の結果、DHA(ドコサヘキサエン酸)を有効成分とする食品が基礎代謝を増進させるという知見を得て、この発明を完成したのである。
【0015】
即ちこの発明は、DHA(ドコサヘキサエン酸)を有効成分として含むことを特徴とする基礎代謝増進剤であり、15%〜45%のDHAを含有する精製魚油をソフトカプセルに封入し、又は賦形剤を用いて顆粒状としたことを特徴とする基礎代謝増進剤である。
【0016】
このような食品の形態としては、豆腐、豆乳、ドリンク剤、パン、アイスクリーム、ケーキ、水産練製品、マヨネーズ、マーガリン、ドレッシング、菓子類などが例示される。その他油脂を使用するあらゆる食品に配合することができ、またDHAを含有する精製魚油そのものをソフトカプセル等の形態、または適当な賦形剤を用いて顆粒状の形態として食することもできる。
【0017】
なかでも油脂を乳化安定化させる能力に優れ、DHAのような多価不飽和脂肪酸であっても、その酸化を十分に防ぐことが知られている豆乳を主体とした食品が本発明の食品の形態としては最も優れている。具体的には、15%〜45%のDHAを含有する精製魚油を豆乳中に混合乳化させ、かかる乳化物と豆乳、糖類、香料とを混合して殺菌、均質化して1食あたり0.2g〜2gのDHAを含むように製造した豆乳飲料、またかかる乳化物と豆乳、凝固剤を混合して、1食あたり0.2g〜2gのDHAを含むように製造した豆腐、さらにかかる豆腐を用いて製造した油揚げ、がんもどき等である。
【0018】
前記DHAは、多彩な生理作用を持つ必須脂肪酸として関心を集めているn−3系多価不飽和脂肪酸のひとつで、抗血栓作用、抗炎症作用、抗アレルギー作用、抗癌作用の外、脳、網膜などの神経組織の発達維持に重要であることが知られている。
【0019】
然し乍らDHAは、長鎖でかつ多くの二重結合をもち、また魚油に由来する独特臭気の為、その精製、濃縮、酸化防止については技術的困難な面が多く、その結果、酸化防止について工夫したDHA含有魚油は、一般に高価なものとされていた。
【0020】
また豆乳の原料となる大豆は、必須アミノ酸含量が高く、体内吸収性に優れた蛋白質及びn−6系の高度不飽和脂肪酸であるリノール酸を豊富に含む他、その乳化特性によってコレステロール低下作用を示すレシチン、サポニン等の機能性物質を多く含むことが知られている。かかるDHAと豆乳の利点を利用して、DHAと豆乳とを混合したDHA含有の飲用豆乳が得られたとの報告があるものの、DHA入りの食品が、基礎代謝を増進させ肥満を改善させる旨の報告は、一切なされていない。
【0021】
前記食品を製造するには、従来使用されていたホモジナイザーその他の機器を適当な指定の下に通常の注意力を以て使用すれば、同一製品を多量生産することができるので、製品が特別に高価になるおそれなく、一般飲料と大差なく入手することができる。
【0022】
この発明の特に豆乳と混合した製品は頗る安定性がよく、通常の注意力をもって保存すれば、長期に亘って良質のまま保存することができるので、飲用及び保存について特別の注意をかける必要がない。この発明の製品は、自然物を加熱、殺菌、調味したものであるから、味覚の変質がないことは勿論、長期に亘り飲用しても副作用その他健康を害するおそれはなく、安心して飲用を継続できると共に、DHAに変化を与えるものではないので、従来有効とされていた抗炎症作用、抗癌作用及び記憶改善作用は何れも発揮することは勿論、高濃度連続飲用によって、前記諸効果の複合と効力の増強を期待することができる。
【0023】
この発明にいう肥満が、耐糖能異常、高脂血症、高血圧などによる動脈硬化性疾患の病因として重大な役割を果たしていることが明らかになっている。これらの疾患の発症には絶対的な脂肪量の増加よりも、脂肪が蓄積する部位の違いが重要であり、腹腔内(主に腸間膜)に脂肪が蓄積する内臓脂肪型肥満が種々の危険因子の基盤となり、生活習慣病と呼ばれる様々な疾患の発症と進行に深くかかわっていることが指摘されている。
【0024】
この発明の食品により、基礎代謝を増進させ、肥満を解消するには、200cc当たり1gのDHAを含む豆乳を毎日1本(200cc)飲用し、6週間以上継続すれば、徐々に体質を改善することができる。前記によれば、飲用中止後6ヶ月経過しても、基礎代謝量は従前より高く保たれていたので、此の間に肥満の改善がなされるものと認められる。また6ヶ月後更に飲用を開始すれば、前記効果を確実にすることができる。
【0025】
【発明の実施の形態】
この発明は、所定量のDHAを含有する魚類精製油から成る食品である。
【0026】
このような食品の形態としては、豆腐、豆乳、ドリンク剤、パン、アイスクリーム、ケーキ、水産練製品、マヨネーズ、マーガリン、ドレッシング、菓子類などが例示される。その他油脂を使用するあらゆる食品に配合することができ、またDHAを含有する精製魚油そのものをソフトカプセル等の形態、または適当な賦形剤を用いて顆粒状の形態として食することもできる。
【0027】
なかでも油脂を乳化安定化させる能力に優れ、DHAのような多価不飽和脂肪酸であっても、その酸化を十分に防ぐことが知られている豆乳を主体とした食品が本発明の食品の形態としては最も優れている。具体的には、15%〜45%のDHAを含有する精製魚油を豆乳中に混合乳化させ、かかる乳化物と豆乳、糖類、香料とを混合して殺菌、均質化して0.2g〜2gのDHAを含むように製造した豆乳飲料、またかかる乳化物と豆乳、凝固剤を混合して、1食あたり0.2g〜2gのDHAを含むように製造した豆腐、さらにかかる豆腐を用いて製造した油揚げ、がんもどき等である。
【0028】
この発明は、特別の技術を使用することなく、加熱、殺菌、均質化ができるので、比較的安価に高濃度DHAを含む食品を多量生産し得る利点があり、特に豆乳との混合物は、他物を混合しない豆乳と味覚に差異がないので、広く嗜好に適する利点がある。
【0029】
又、他の発明としては、この発明の食品により、基礎代謝を増進させ、肥満を解消する方法として、例えば、200cc当たり1gのDHAを含む豆乳を毎日1本(200cc)飲用し、6週間以上継続する方法がある。この方法を用いれば、無理なく、徐々に体質を改善することができる。また、豆乳は前述のように必須アミノ酸含量が高い蛋白質を豊富に含む食品であるから、減量時に不足しがちな蛋白質の補給源としても大変優れている。
【0030】
【実施例】
大豆10kgを12時間水に浸漬した後、加水磨砕して呉汁55リットルを得た。この呉汁を100℃、5分間加熱した後濾過し、豆乳45リットルを得た。前記豆乳2リットルに、20%のDHAを含有するマグロ由来精製油(日本水産株式会社製)1リットルとを混合し、ホモミキサー(特殊機化工業(株)製)を用いて7500rpmで10分間撹拌し、DHA含有魚油乳化物3リットルを得た。
【0031】
前記豆乳の残量43リットルに、前記乳化物3リットルを撹拌しつつ加え、ついで砂糖1kg及び少量の香料を緩徐に添加しつつ撹拌し、ほぼ混合したならば、プレ−ト熱交換器で140℃、30秒間加熱殺菌した後、ホモジナイザーで均質化処理した後、10℃に冷却して、所定量宛アセプチック包装して、DHA豆乳飲料を製造した。前記豆乳飲料のDHA含有量を測定した所、200ミリリットルあたり、1000ミリグラムであった。
【0032】
(抗肥満試験1)
前記実施例で得たDHA豆乳飲料と、対照飲料を使用し、対照飲料は、DHA含有魚油の代わりにコーン油を豆乳飲料に含有させたものを使用した。
【0033】
健康な女子学生41名(平均年齢19.6±1.2歳)をBMIの分布が均一になるよう試験群21名、および対照群20名の2群に分けて試験を行った。試験群の被験者には6週間にわたってDHA豆乳飲料を毎日1本(200cc)飲ませ、対照群の被験者には同様に対照のコーン油含有豆乳飲料を毎日1本(200cc)飲ませた。特に食事制限は行わず、試験前と同様の食生活を続けさせた。すべての被験者に試験開始2週間前から厳密な食事記録を付けさせ、試験前および試験期間中に摂取した栄養成分、熱量はすべて計算し、試験前後および試験群間で比較した。試験開始時、摂取開始3週間後、および試験終了時の3回、身長、体重、および基礎代謝量を測定し、試験開始時と終了時の2回、体脂肪率およびへそ周囲断面のCT像から皮下脂肪量、内臓脂肪量、筋肉量を測定した。同時に採血を行い、血清脂質および甲状腺ホルモンの変動を測定した。また、試験飲料摂取終了後6ヶ月を経過した時点で、試験飲料摂取の影響が持続しているか否かを観察するため、基礎代謝量等の測定を行った。
【0034】
その結果、対照群では基礎代謝量に変化が見られなかったのに対して、DHA豆乳飲料摂取群では、試験開始前と比較して平均100kcal/dayにあたる基礎代謝量の増加が認められた。また同時に血清甲状腺ホルモンの値も高値となっており、甲状腺ホルモン濃度の増加が基礎代謝量の亢進の一因であると考えられた。また、DHA豆乳飲料群ではへそ周囲断面の皮下脂肪、内臓脂肪とも有意に減少していた。結果を表1〜3に示す。
【0035】
【表1】

Figure 0004337273
【表2】
Figure 0004337273
【表3】
Figure 0004337273
【0036】
試験飲料摂取終了6ヶ月後に基礎代謝量を測定したところ、DHA豆乳飲料摂取群は基礎代謝量が高い値のまま維持されており、対照群では変動が見られなかった。また、対照群では体脂肪率および体脂肪量の増加が見られたのに対して、DHA豆乳飲料摂取群はそれらの値が低いままであった。結果を表4に示す。この結果から、DHA豆乳飲料摂取時の基礎代謝の増進は摂取終了後も維持され、体脂肪の増加を抑制したものと考えられる。
【0037】
【表4】
Figure 0004337273
【0038】
(抗肥満試験2)
運動クラブに所属しておらず、生活活動強度1(低い)に分類される、BMIが25以上の肥満男子学生10名をBMIの分布が均一になるよう5名ずつ2群に分け、試験1に記載したDHA豆乳飲料の抗肥満効果をコーン油添加豆乳飲料を対照として検討した。各群の被験者にはDHA豆乳飲料(DHA1,000mg/1本)または対照飲料を毎日2本ずつ摂取させた。すべての被験者に3食同じ内容の食事を取らせ、1日あたりの摂取カロリーを試験飲料を含めて約1,800kalに制限した。各被験者には精密体重計と歩数計および記録用紙を渡し、一日4回の体重記録と、歩行数を記録させた。試験期間は6週間とした。試験開始時および終了時に、基礎代謝量およびへそ周囲断面のCT像から皮下脂肪量、内臓脂肪量、筋肉量を測定した。同時に採血を行い、血清脂質および甲状腺ホルモンの変動を測定した。
【0039】
被験者は食事および日常生活に関する約束を守り、摂取カロリー制限によって順調に体重の減少が見られた。試験期間中における各検査値の推移を表5に示す。なお、試験期間中および終了後の血液検査と生化学検査に関して、特に検査値の異常は認めなかった。また、医師による診察および問診でも悪心、嘔吐、下痢、頭痛などの異常は認められなかった。
【0040】
【表5】
Figure 0004337273
【0041】
体重および体脂肪(皮下脂肪、内臓脂肪)は、試験群、対照群とも試験期間中に有意に減少した。群間に差は見られなかった。対照群の体重減少の方が試験群に比べて若干大きい傾向が見られることについては、以下の要因が考えられる。体重減少と歩行数の間には相関係数0.842という強い相関が認められ、食事制限下での運動が体重減少に大きく影響したことがうかがえる。本試験においては偶然対照群に歩行数の多いすなわち運動量の多い被験者が偏ってしまったため、対照群の体重減少の方が大きい傾向が現われたものと推察される。
【0042】
基礎代謝量は試験期間中に対照群で有意に減少し、試験群では変化がなかった。各群被験者5人のうち、対照群では5人すべてが減少、試験群では5人中3人が増加、2人が減少という結果であった。腹部筋肉量は両群とも有意に減少しているにもかかわらず、試験群では基礎代謝量の減少が見られなかったことは、DHAによる代謝量の亢進の可能性を強く示唆している。血清甲状腺ホルモン濃度は試験群で増加傾向、対照群で減少傾向が見られた。DHAが減量下でも甲状腺ホルモン濃度を高値に維持し、基礎代謝量の減少を抑制している可能性がある。
【0043】
以上の試験から明らかなように、DHA豆乳飲料は摂取エネルギーが変わらない条件下では基礎代謝量の増加をもたらし、減量条件下では基礎代謝量の低下を抑制する作用を有する。そのことによって体脂肪(皮下脂肪及び内臓脂肪)の減少をもたらすものと考えられる。また、DHA豆乳飲料の基礎代謝量増進作用の少なくとも一因として、甲状腺ホルモンの分泌促進が考えられた。
【0044】
【発明の効果】
この発明によれば、日常の食生活を特に変化させることなく、日々の消費エネルギーを増加させることが期待できるため、肥満を改善しうる効果がある。
【0045】
この発明の例えば豆乳飲料を継続的に飲用に供することによって、飲用者の基礎代謝を増進させ肥満を改善し得る効果がある。[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a basal metabolism enhancer aimed at improving basal metabolism and improving obesity by ingestion of DHA .
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, foods that enhance basal metabolism and improve obesity have not been proposed. In the treatment of morbid obesity, there is an example where thyroid hormone (TH) is used as a pharmacotherapy for enhancing basal metabolism. TH has a function of maintaining and improving the basal metabolic rate by actions such as an increase in oxygen consumption of animals including humans, promotion of heat dissipation, and regulation of water metabolism. In patients with hyperthyroidism, blood TH levels increase and a marked increase in basal metabolism is observed. On the other hand, it is known that the blood TH concentration decreases under dietary restrictions, and if a certain amount of weight reduction progresses, it causes a so-called adaptation phenomenon in which it is difficult to produce a further weight reduction effect. In anti-obesity therapy, additional TH may be administered to overcome the adaptation phenomenon, but it can be used for a long time due to muscle and bone loss and heart effects (increased heart rate, atrial fluctuation, heart failure, etc.) It is supposed not to be.
[0003]
According to the 3rd edition Nutrition Handbook (Gihodo Shuppan), basal metabolism is a comfortable temperature (20-25 ° C), resting both physically and mentally, hungry (12-16 hours after meal), awakening on the side State energy consumption. Therefore, basal metabolism is the minimum energy necessary to maintain life, and is about the same value in the same person when measured under certain conditions in the same season. However, this value varies depending on factors such as physique, age, and sex in each individual person.
[0004]
First, a person with a large body has more cells that make up the body than a person with a small body. Therefore, the basal metabolic rate increases. Although all body heat is dissipated from the body surface, basal metabolism is highly correlated with body surface area because the amount of heat lost and the amount of heat produced must be the same to keep body temperature constant. The basal metabolic rate per unit body surface area is almost the same regardless of the type of animal, and is about 1000 kcal per day per 1 m 2 of body surface area.
[0005]
Next, although the basal metabolism standard value per body surface area is low in newborns, it reaches a maximum value at the age of 2 to 3 years and then decreases rapidly. The decline is moderate in puberty, and then more gradually.
[0006]
Girls also have a basal metabolism 6-10% lower than boys. This is because the difference between men and women in the amount of metabolism per lean body mass is small, but girls have more body fat and smaller physique than boys. In girls, basal metabolism changes due to the influence of menstruation, and basal metabolism also decreases when body temperature is low, especially in the ovulation period.
[0007]
When the environmental temperature falls, the calorific value for maintaining the body temperature increases, so the basal metabolic rate becomes high, and when the environmental temperature rises, the production of heat in the body is suppressed, so it becomes low. The amount of basal metabolism of people adapted to cold regions is higher than that of ordinary people. In seasonal changes, summer is low and winter is high, with fluctuations of about 10% between seasons.
[0008]
People with developed muscular tissues, such as sportsmen and heavy laborers, are said to have high basal metabolism, while obese and intellectual workers have low basal metabolism. The basal metabolic rate of obese people is low because the basal metabolic rate of girls is lower than that of boys because there is more body fat, and those with more muscles are likely to show higher values because of the more active tissues. It is done.
[0009]
In addition, the basal metabolic rate is high during fever and there is a 13% increase in metabolism due to an increase in body temperature of 1 ° C. In addition, basal metabolic rate fluctuates even when metabolic hormones are increased or decreased. Metabolism is increased in Graves' disease, in which thyroid function is enhanced, whereas basal metabolism is significantly decreased in myxedema, whose function is reduced.
[0010]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
Obesity is also called a kind of adult disease and is one of the diseases that modern people want to solve. However, since health is maintained normally by various balances, the treatment with thyroid hormone is the last resort. It is preferable to improve during normal life as much as possible.
[0011]
In general, for the purpose of suppressing / eliminating obesity, so-called diet centering on dietary restriction is performed for the purpose of reducing caloric intake.
[0012]
However, the suppression and elimination of obesity by dieting requires a fundamental change in the conventional diet, and after a certain amount of weight loss has been confirmed, returning to the conventional diet will return to obesity There is a reality that there are many things. In addition, excessive dieting reduces the basal metabolic rate due to the influence of the biological protection function and the like, and on the contrary, diminishes the effect of dieting, and thus causes rebound after dieting is stopped.
[0013]
Therefore, in order to effectively suppress and eliminate obesity without changing the daily eating habits in particular, foods that can be eaten and consumed naturally every day for reasons such as being safest and expected to last. It was desired to use.
[0014]
[Means for solving the problems]
Therefore, by focusing on basal metabolism and promoting it, as a result of earnest research on foods that have the same effects as diet, it has been found that foods containing DHA (docosahexaenoic acid) as an active ingredient promote basal metabolism. As a result, the present invention has been completed.
[0015]
That the present invention is a basal metabolic enhancers which comprises by DHA and (docosahexaenoic acid) as an active ingredient, and encapsulating the purified fish oil containing 15% to 45% of DHA in soft capsules, or vehicle It is a basal metabolism enhancer characterized by being granulated using an agent .
[0016]
Examples of such food forms include tofu, soy milk, drink, bread, ice cream, cake, marine product, mayonnaise, margarine, dressing, confectionery, and the like. In addition, it can mix | blend with all the foodstuffs which use fats and oils, and the refined fish oil itself containing DHA can also be eaten in the form of a granular form using a suitable excipient | filler in the form of soft capsules.
[0017]
Among them, foods based on soy milk, which is excellent in the ability to stabilize emulsions and fats and are known to sufficiently prevent the oxidation of polyunsaturated fatty acids such as DHA, are the foods of the present invention. The form is the best. Specifically, refined fish oil containing 15% to 45% DHA is mixed and emulsified in soy milk, and the resulting emulsion and soy milk, sugars and flavors are mixed to sterilize and homogenize to 0.2 g per serving. A soy milk drink manufactured to contain 2 g of DHA, and a mixture of such emulsion, soy milk and coagulant to produce 0.2 g to 2 g of DHA per serving, and further tofu. Such as deep-fried tofu and cancer.
[0018]
The DHA is one of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids that are attracting attention as an essential fatty acid having various physiological functions. In addition to antithrombotic action, anti-inflammatory action, antiallergic action, and anticancer action, DHA It is known to be important for maintaining the development of neural tissues such as the retina.
[0019]
However, DHA has a long chain and many double bonds, and because of its unique odor derived from fish oil, its purification, concentration, and anti-oxidation are technically difficult, and as a result, it is devised for anti-oxidation. DHA-containing fish oil was generally considered expensive.
[0020]
Soybean, which is a raw material for soy milk, has a high essential amino acid content and is rich in linoleic acid, an n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acid, which is highly absorbed in the body, and has a cholesterol-lowering action due to its emulsifying properties. It is known to contain many functional substances such as lecithin and saponin. Although there has been a report that a DHA-containing drinking soymilk in which DHA and soymilk are mixed using the advantages of such DHA and soymilk, food containing DHA promotes basal metabolism and improves obesity. No reports have been made.
[0021]
In order to produce the food, the same product can be mass-produced by using a conventionally used homogenizer or other equipment with normal attention under appropriate designation. It can be obtained without much difference from ordinary beverages.
[0022]
The product especially mixed with soy milk of this invention is very stable and can be stored in good quality for a long time if stored with normal care, so it is necessary to pay special attention to drinking and storage. Absent. The product of the present invention is a product obtained by heating, sterilizing, and seasoning a natural product, so that there is no change in taste, and there is no risk of side effects and other health problems even if it is taken for a long time. In addition, since it does not give changes to DHA, the anti-inflammatory action, anti-cancer action and memory improving action which have been considered to be effective in the past are exhibited as well as the combination of the above effects by high-dose continuous drinking. Increased efficacy can be expected.
[0023]
It has been clarified that obesity referred to in the present invention plays an important role as an etiology of arteriosclerotic diseases caused by impaired glucose tolerance, hyperlipidemia, hypertension and the like. The onset of these diseases is more important than the absolute increase in fat mass, but the location of fat accumulation is more important, and there are various types of visceral fat obesity in which fat accumulates in the abdominal cavity (mainly the mesentery) It has been pointed out that it is the basis of risk factors and is deeply involved in the onset and progression of various diseases called lifestyle-related diseases.
[0024]
In order to promote basal metabolism and eliminate obesity with the food of the present invention, one soy milk containing 1 g of DHA per 200 cc (200 cc) is drunk daily (200 cc), and if continued for more than 6 weeks, the constitution is gradually improved. be able to. According to the above, it is recognized that obesity can be improved during this period since the basal metabolic rate was kept higher than before even after 6 months had elapsed after stopping drinking. Moreover, if the drinking is further started after 6 months, the effect can be ensured.
[0025]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The present invention is a food comprising a fish refined oil containing a predetermined amount of DHA.
[0026]
Examples of such food forms include tofu, soy milk, drink, bread, ice cream, cake, marine product, mayonnaise, margarine, dressing, confectionery, and the like. In addition, it can mix | blend with all the foodstuffs which use fats and oils, and the refined fish oil itself containing DHA can also be eaten in the form of a granular form using a suitable excipient | filler in the form of soft capsules.
[0027]
Among them, foods based on soy milk, which is excellent in the ability to stabilize emulsions and fats and are known to sufficiently prevent the oxidation of polyunsaturated fatty acids such as DHA, are the foods of the present invention. The form is the best. Specifically, refined fish oil containing 15% to 45% DHA is mixed and emulsified in soy milk, and the resulting emulsion and soy milk, sugars and flavors are mixed to sterilize and homogenize to 0.2 g to 2 g. A soy milk drink manufactured to contain DHA, a mixture of such an emulsion, soy milk, and a coagulant, tofu manufactured to contain 0.2 to 2 g of DHA per serving, and fried tofu manufactured using such tofu , Cancer pounding, etc.
[0028]
Since this invention can be heated, sterilized and homogenized without using a special technique, there is an advantage that a food containing a high concentration of DHA can be mass-produced relatively inexpensively. Since there is no difference in taste from soy milk without mixing things, there is an advantage that suits taste widely.
[0029]
As another invention, as a method of promoting basal metabolism and eliminating obesity using the food of the present invention, for example, one soymilk containing 1 g of DHA per 200 cc (200 cc) is drunk every day for 6 weeks or more. There is a way to continue. If this method is used, the constitution can be gradually improved without difficulty. In addition, as described above, soy milk is a food that contains abundant proteins with a high essential amino acid content, so it is an excellent source of protein that tends to be deficient when losing weight.
[0030]
【Example】
After soaking 10 kg of soybeans in water for 12 hours, it was hydroground and obtained 55 liters of soup. The soup was heated at 100 ° C. for 5 minutes and then filtered to obtain 45 liters of soy milk. 2 liters of the soy milk is mixed with 1 liter of refined tuna oil (manufactured by Nihon Suisan Co., Ltd.) containing 20% of DHA, and 10 minutes at 7500 rpm using a homomixer (made by Tokushu Kika Kogyo Co., Ltd.). The mixture was stirred to obtain 3 liters of DHA-containing fish oil emulsion.
[0031]
When the remaining amount of soymilk is 43 liters, 3 liters of the emulsion is added with stirring, then 1 kg of sugar and a small amount of fragrance are slowly added and stirred. After heat sterilization at 30 ° C. for 30 seconds, the mixture was homogenized with a homogenizer, cooled to 10 ° C., and subjected to aseptic packaging for a predetermined amount to produce a DHA soymilk drink. When the DHA content of the soymilk drink was measured, it was 1000 milligrams per 200 milliliters.
[0032]
(Anti-obesity test 1)
The DHA soymilk drink obtained in the above Example and a control drink were used, and the control drink used was a soymilk drink containing corn oil instead of DHA-containing fish oil.
[0033]
Forty-one healthy female students (average age 19.6 ± 1.2 years) were divided into two groups of 21 test groups and 20 control groups so that the distribution of BMI was uniform. Subjects in the test group received a DHA soymilk drink daily (200 cc) for 6 weeks, and subjects in the control group also received a control corn oil-containing soymilk drink daily (200 cc). There was no particular dietary restriction, and the same dietary habits as before the test were continued. All subjects were given a strict dietary record 2 weeks before the start of the study, and all nutrients and calories consumed before and during the study were calculated and compared before and after the study and between study groups. Measure height, weight, and basal metabolism 3 times at the start of the test, 3 weeks after the start of the intake, and 3 times at the end of the test, and 2 times at the start and end of the test. From this, subcutaneous fat mass, visceral fat mass and muscle mass were measured. Blood samples were collected at the same time, and changes in serum lipids and thyroid hormones were measured. In addition, basal metabolic rate and the like were measured in order to observe whether or not the influence of the test beverage intake was sustained when 6 months passed after the test beverage intake was completed.
[0034]
As a result, there was no change in the basal metabolism in the control group, whereas in the DHA soymilk beverage intake group, an increase in the basal metabolism corresponding to an average of 100 kcal / day was observed compared to before the start of the test. At the same time, the value of serum thyroid hormone was also high, and it was considered that the increase in thyroid hormone concentration contributed to the increase in basal metabolic rate. Further, in the DHA soymilk drink group, both subcutaneous fat and visceral fat in the navel circumference section were significantly reduced. The results are shown in Tables 1-3.
[0035]
[Table 1]
Figure 0004337273
[Table 2]
Figure 0004337273
[Table 3]
Figure 0004337273
[0036]
When the basal metabolism was measured 6 months after the end of the test beverage ingestion, the DHA soymilk beverage ingestion group was maintained at a high value of the basal metabolism, and no change was observed in the control group. Moreover, while the body fat percentage and the body fat amount were increased in the control group, those values remained low in the DHA soymilk drink intake group. The results are shown in Table 4. From this result, it is considered that the increase in basal metabolism at the time of ingestion of the DHA soymilk drink was maintained even after the end of the ingestion, and the increase in body fat was suppressed.
[0037]
[Table 4]
Figure 0004337273
[0038]
(Anti-obesity test 2)
10 obese male students who do not belong to an athletic club and are categorized as living activity intensity 1 (low) and whose BMI is 25 or more are divided into 2 groups of 5 each so that the distribution of BMI is uniform. The anti-obesity effect of the DHA soymilk beverage described in 1) was examined using a corn oil-added soymilk beverage as a control. Each group of subjects received two DHA soymilk drinks (DHA 1,000 mg / piece) or two control drinks daily. All subjects had three meals with the same content, and the calorie intake per day was limited to about 1,800 kal including the test beverage. Each subject was given a precision weight scale, a pedometer and a recording sheet to record the body weight four times a day and the number of walks. The test period was 6 weeks. At the start and end of the test, subcutaneous fat mass, visceral fat mass and muscle mass were measured from CT images of the basal metabolic rate and the circumference of the navel. Blood samples were collected at the same time, and changes in serum lipids and thyroid hormones were measured.
[0039]
The subjects kept their promises regarding diet and daily life, and weight loss was observed steadily due to restriction of calorie intake. Table 5 shows the transition of each inspection value during the test period. In addition, regarding the blood test and biochemical test during and after the test period, no abnormalities were found in the test values. In addition, no abnormalities such as nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and headaches were found in medical examinations and interviews.
[0040]
[Table 5]
Figure 0004337273
[0041]
Body weight and body fat (subcutaneous fat, visceral fat) were significantly decreased during the test period in both the test group and the control group. There was no difference between the groups. The following factors can be considered that the weight loss of the control group tends to be slightly larger than that of the test group. A strong correlation with a correlation coefficient of 0.842 was observed between weight loss and the number of walks, indicating that exercise under dietary restrictions greatly affected weight loss. In this study, it is presumed that subjects with a large number of walks, that is, a lot of exercise, were biased in the control group, and therefore the weight loss in the control group tended to be larger.
[0042]
Basal metabolism was significantly reduced in the control group during the study period and remained unchanged in the study group. Of the 5 subjects in each group, all 5 in the control group decreased, 3 in 5 increased in the test group, and 2 decreased. Although the abdominal muscle mass was significantly decreased in both groups, the decrease in the basal metabolic rate was not observed in the test group, which strongly suggests the possibility of increased metabolic rate by DHA. Serum thyroid hormone levels tended to increase in the test group and decreased in the control group. There is a possibility that the thyroid hormone concentration is maintained at a high level even when DHA is reduced, and the decrease in basal metabolic rate is suppressed.
[0043]
As is clear from the above test, the DHA soymilk beverage has an effect of increasing the basal metabolic rate under the condition where the intake energy does not change, and suppressing the decrease of the basal metabolic rate under the reduced weight condition. This is thought to result in a reduction in body fat (subcutaneous fat and visceral fat). In addition, it was considered that the secretion of thyroid hormone was promoted as at least one cause of the basal metabolic rate enhancing action of the DHA soymilk drink.
[0044]
【The invention's effect】
According to the present invention, it can be expected that the daily energy consumption is increased without particularly changing the daily eating habits, so that there is an effect that obesity can be improved.
[0045]
For example, the soymilk drink of the present invention is continuously used for drinking, so that the basal metabolism of the drinker can be promoted and obesity can be improved.

Claims (2)

DHA(ドコサヘキサエン酸)を有効成分として含むことを特徴とする基礎代謝増進剤DHA basal metabolism enhancers, characterized in containing Mukoto as an active ingredient (docosahexaenoic acid). 15%〜45%のDHAを含有する精製魚油をソフトカプセルに封入し、又は賦形剤を用いて顆粒状としたことを特徴とする基礎代謝増進剤。A basal metabolism enhancer characterized in that purified fish oil containing 15% to 45% DHA is encapsulated in a soft capsule or granulated using an excipient.
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