JP4333926B2 - Striking device - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a percussion device (pad) that can be used for a percussion instrument for practice or an electronic percussion instrument.

  Conventionally, as an electronic drum pad, for example, there is one described in Japanese Utility Model Laid-Open No. 60-159500. In this pad, a vibration plate with a vibration sensing element (blow sensor) attached to the back surface is embedded in the central portion of the plate-shaped main body, and the surface of the vibration plate is covered with a thin buffer plate. By hitting with a beater, a hit detection signal is extracted from the hit sensor. Then, by changing the material of the buffer plate to, for example, rubber, sponge, gel-like substance or the like, or changing the thickness of the plate, the shock feeling is adjusted so as to approach the acoustic percussion instrument.

  However, with the above-described pad, it is difficult to obtain a hitting feeling close to that of an acoustic percussion instrument such as a bass drum. This is because the tension feeling due to the tension of the head of an acoustic percussion instrument is different from that due to the elastic force of the buffer plate, and thus this tension feeling cannot be simulated. Specifically, the feeling of rebound when hitting the buffer plate was strong, and the hit feeling was not good. Further, the percussion sound generated at the pad portion itself when the pad is struck is large, and the percussion sound of the electronic percussion instrument may interfere with the performance by the percussion instrument sound generated by the sound source.

  In addition, some acoustic bass drums, etc., have a twin pedal type that is played by hitting with two beaters, but if you try to realize this twin pedal kick pad using a diaphragm method with an electronic percussion instrument Has the following problems: That is, with the above-described diaphragm system, the effective hitting surface (here, the effective hitting surface is a range of hitting surfaces in which weak hitting can also be detected) is narrow and weak at a position deviating from this effective hitting surface. It becomes difficult to detect hits. In a twin pedal kick pad using a diaphragm, it is necessary to obtain a signal output of the same magnitude from the hit sensor for each hit of two beaters. For this reason, it is necessary to take measures such as providing a large-sized impact sensor that matches the strike positions of the two beaters, or providing two convenient sensors according to the strike positions of the two beaters. Or, a certain amount of weak hit is neglected as being undetectable.

  In addition, the acoustic bass drum has an open performance method and a closed performance method. The open performance method is a performance method in which the beater is immediately released from the striking surface after hitting with a beater, and the striking vibration is sustained for a long time. The closed performance method is a performance method in which the beater is pressed against the striking surface even after striking and the striking vibration is ended shortly. Even if an attempt is made to realize this performance even in an electronic percussion instrument using the above-described diaphragm type pad, the diaphragm type pad will immediately attenuate the vibration of the diaphragm due to the impact, so even if the player performs the open performance method and the closed performance method. The difference could not be detected.

  In order to obtain a tension feeling similar to these acoustic percussion instruments, to realize a twin pedal performance, or to realize a mute performance (open / close performance), the pad structure may be the same as that of an acoustic percussion instrument. In such a structure, the live percussion sound becomes loud, obstructing the performance with electronic percussion instrument sound, and in order to simulate the percussion feeling of, for example, a bass drum, the head diameter must be increased. However, there are problems that the overall dimensions of the drum pad are increased and the cost is increased.

  In addition to the above-mentioned electronic percussion instruments, in recent years, when percussion instruments are practiced, percussion instruments generally generate loud sounds, which causes a problem of noise in the vicinity. Therefore, there is a need for a percussion instrument that has a tension similar to that of an acoustic percussion instrument and a low percussion sound.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above-described problems. As a percussion device for a practice percussion instrument or an electronic percussion instrument, a twin pedal playing method is realized with a small configuration that achieves a tension feeling similar to an acoustic percussion instrument with a small percussion sound. The purpose is to realize the mute performance (open / close performance).

In order to solve the above-mentioned problem, a striking surface device according to claim 1 is a pedal device in which a beater swings when a pedal is depressed, a head having a striking surface made of a net-like material, and a contact with the head. In addition, a shock absorber having an elastic layer composed of a first elastic layer for buffering impact and a second elastic layer having higher elasticity than the first elastic layer , and the shock absorber as the beater And a support means that is fixedly supported while being disposed at the striking position of the head that is struck by the head.

  According to the percussion apparatus of the present invention, a feeling of tension close to that of an acoustic percussion instrument can be realized with a small percussion sound as a percussion instrument for practice or an electronic percussion instrument. Further, by using this percussion device, it is possible to realize a twin pedal performance with a small configuration in an electronic percussion instrument, or it is possible to realize a mute performance (open / close performance).

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 2 is a front view of a striking device as an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 3 is a front view of the striking device with a cross-sectional line for showing a cross-sectional structure of a main portion of the striking device, 1 is a side sectional view of the striking device along the AA sectional line of FIG. 3, FIG. 4 is a sectional view of the impact sensor portion along the BB sectional line of FIG. 3, and FIG. It is sectional drawing of the buffer material part which follows a cross-sectional line.

  In FIG. 1 to FIG. 3, first, a schematic configuration of this striking device will be described. In the opening on the back surface (surface facing the player) side of the shell 1 as a cylindrical body, a striking surface is provided. The head pedal 3 for attaching the head 3 with the beater 61 is attached to the head 3 side of the hitting device. The foot pedal device 6 is of a twin pedal type that can move two beaters independently.

  The shell 1 is supported at a position lifted from the floor by a leg structure 8 composed of four legs. Inside the shell 1, a plate-like frame 2 having a U-shaped cross section is fixed to the inner wall of the shell in the vertical direction from the top to the bottom. The impact sensor 4 and the buffer material 5 are attached to the frame 2, and the leading ends of the impact sensor 4 and the cushion material 5 are in contact with the head 3.

  As shown in FIG. 4, the impact sensor 4 is attached to locking portions 21 a and 21 b protruding inward from the edge of the frame 2 at the impact sensor 4 attachment position of the frame 2. The impact sensor 4 is fixed to a mounting plate 40 with a cushioning double-sided adhesive tape or the like. The mounting plate 40 is screwed to the locking portions 21a and 21b by screws 22a and 22b. That is, the engaging portion 21a is provided with a through hole for penetrating the height adjusting screw 22a having a thread on the outer periphery, and a through hole is also provided at a corresponding position of the mounting plate 40. A vibration-proof nut 23 having a nut covered with an elastic member made of rubber or the like is fitted into the nut, and a height adjusting screw 22a is screwed into the nut. On the other hand, the engaging portion 21b is provided with a screw hole that is screw-coupled with a screw 22b having a thread on the outer periphery, and a through hole is also provided at a corresponding position of the mounting plate 40. The screw 22b is provided in the through hole. An anti-vibration damper 24, in which a washer having a hole through which is covered with an elastic member made of rubber or the like, is fitted, and a spacer 26 is interposed between the anti-vibration damper 24 and the locking portion 21b. With this mounting structure, the impact sensor 4 is fixed to the frame 2 by adjusting so that the tip side thereof is in proper contact with the head 3.

  FIG. 9 shows the configuration of the impact sensor 4. The impact sensor 4 uses a disk-shaped piezoelectric element 41 having an output signal line 43 as a vibration detecting element, and a cushioning double-sided adhesive tape 44 is attached to the lower surface of the piezoelectric element 41. The adhesive double-sided adhesive tape 44 adheres to the mounting plate 40. The diameter of the cushioning double-sided adhesive tape 44 matches the node diameter of the piezoelectric element 41. Further, a truncated cone-shaped cushion member 42 formed of an elastic body such as rubber or sponge is bonded to the upper surface of the piezoelectric element 41, and the cushion member 42 is formed to have a diameter larger than the diameter of the piezoelectric element 41. It has a flat bottom surface and tapers toward the tip, and is attached so that the tip contacts the head 3. Thereby, when the head 3 is hit, the hit sensor 4 can detect the vibration of the head vibration film due to the hit with the piezoelectric element 41 via the cushion member 42, and can sound the drum sound source with the detection signal.

  As shown in FIG. 5, the cushioning material 5 is fixed to the bottom of the U-shaped groove of the frame 2 with a strong adhesive near the center of the frame 2 (and therefore near the center of the head 3). . The shock-absorbing material 5 has a rectangular surface having a width corresponding to the two beaters 61 and includes the striking points, the base end side is bonded to the frame 2, and the tip end side is in contact with the head 3. The buffer material 5 has a three-layer laminated structure, in which the base end side is a highly elastic layer 53 made of a highly elastic material, the tip end side is an abrasion resistant layer 51 made of an abrasion resistant material, and the middle is a low elasticity. It consists of the low elastic layer 52 which consists of material.

  The low elastic layer 52 is made of a low elastic material so as to be able to absorb an impact at the time of hitting, and suppresses bounce of the hit by the beater 61 and excessive vibration of the vibration film, thereby improving the hit feeling. -Made of sponge. The high elastic layer 53 is a layer interposed in order to keep the tip of the cushioning material 5 in contact with the head 3 even when the low elastic layer 52 is compressed and deformed by long-term impact. The wear-resistant layer 51 is a layer for preventing the low-elasticity layer 52 from being worn in a short period of time when it is directly hit by the beater 61 through the head 3, and has wear resistance. In addition, a material that does not produce sound even when struck by the beater 61 by passing air to some extent is suitable. For example, a nonwoven fabric or the like is used.

  As shown in FIG. 7, the head 3 is formed by laminating a mesh 31 and a mesh 32 woven by a plain weave in which longitudinal and transverse fibers are orthogonal as a mesh material so that the weave directions are oblique to each other at 45 °. It is formed by adhering to the annular frame 33. As shown in FIG. 8, when the weaves of the mesh 31 and the mesh 32 are obliquely crossed by 45 °, when the mesh 31 and the mesh 32 in which vertical and horizontal fibers are orthogonal to each other are overlapped, the overlapped net 31 And the fibers of the mesh 32 intersect at an angle of 45 °.

  As described above, when the meshes of the mesh 31 and the mesh 32 are obliquely laminated, the tension is made uniform over the entire surface of the mesh-like material, and variation in hit feeling due to hitting positions is reduced. In addition, because of the elasticity of the net-like material, it is possible to obtain a feel close to that of hitting an acoustic drum head. Further, since it is made of a net-like material, air easily passes therethrough, and therefore it is possible to suppress the generation of a loud sound due to the vibration when the head 3 is hit. In addition, when it is desired to produce a certain level of sound at the time of striking for the purpose of practicing with only this drum pad without using an electronic percussion instrument, a tape-like member is pasted on the edge side of the head 3, for example. Techniques such as covering are possible.

  The head 3 is not limited to the above-described two-layered net, and may be one or three or more. The weaving method of the net is not limited to plain weaving. For example, when the head 3 is made of a single net, the triaxial weaving is used to balance the tension not only in the vertical and horizontal directions but also in the diagonal direction when hit. Use a net.

  The net of the head 3 is strong against hitting, has a hitting feeling (tension feeling) equivalent to that of an acoustic percussion instrument, and has a material and thickness of the net so that hitting sound is not generated as much as possible. The mesh pitch is selected. The material is not particularly limited, but synthetic resins such as polyester can be used.

  The rim 9 is formed by integrally shaping a metal material into an annular shape, and holes for passing the adjusting screw 70 are formed at six locations (which may be eight, ten, etc.) at intervals of 60 ° on the outer periphery. A protrusion 91 is provided.

  The head 3 and the rim 9 are attached to the shell 1 by first covering the shell 1 with the head 3 and then fitting the rim 9 on the head 3 and fixing with the adjustment screw 70 of the attachment adjusting portion 7.

  FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of the attachment adjusting unit 7. The attachment adjusting portions 7 are provided at six locations on the outer peripheral portion of the shell 1 at intervals of 60 °, and have a structure in which the protruding portions 71 are fixed to the shell 1 with screws 72. The adjustment screw 70 has a thread at the tip and a locking flange at the other end. The protrusion 71 is provided with a screw hole that is screwed into the adjustment screw 70. As shown in FIG. 6, the head 3 is sandwiched between the shell 1 and the rim 9, the adjustment screw 70 is passed through the hole of the protrusion 91, and the tip of the adjustment screw 70 is screwed into the screw hole of the protrusion 71. The head 3 and the rim 9 can be fixed, and the tension of the head 3 can be adjusted by adjusting the screwing amount of the adjusting screw 70. Thereby, the tension feeling with respect to impact can be adjusted, and the contact condition with respect to the buffer material 5 can also be set arbitrarily.

  The leg structure 8 is supported by a four-leg structure comprising two front legs 81 on the front side of the striking device and two rear legs 82 on the back side so that the striking surface of the striking device stands upright. Yes. The left and right front legs 81 and rear legs 82 are connected so that they can be opened and closed with the support rod 83 as a fulcrum, and are closed when the striking device is put into use when the striking device is open. State. The support rod 83 is screwed to the attachment portion 11 provided at the position of the left and right inner walls of the shell 1 using the attachment member 84, thereby fixing the leg structure 8 and the shell 1. The left and right rear legs 82 are connected by a connecting rod 86 that is close to the floor surface and floats by a certain gap from the floor surface.

  The foot pedal device 6 is a twin pedal type that can operate two beaters 61 independently. The beater 61 is attached to the tip of a shaft 62, and this shaft 62 is attached to a swinging portion 66 that is a swinging fulcrum of the beater so as to be swingable. The swinging portion 66 is attached to the tip of the vertical support rod 64. There are two support rods 64 for the left and right beaters. The two support rods 64 are connected to each other by a connecting portion extending in the horizontal direction on the lower end side, and an attachment member 69 is attached to the connecting portion. The support rod 64 is detachably attached to the connecting rod 86 using the attachment member 69. In this case, the lower end portion of the support rod 64 is in a state of floating from the floor surface.

  A bedal support member 65 is attached to the support rod 64 so as to be rotatable at a fulcrum 68, and the pedal 60 is attached to the front end (the player side end) of the pedal support member 65 by the player's stepping operation. It is attached on the side so as to be swingable about the fulcrum 67. The front end portion of the pedal support member 65 is grounded to the floor surface, but the other portions are in a state of floating from the floor.

  A metal chain 63 is attached to the tip of the pedal 60, and this metal chain 63 is connected to a swinging portion 66. When the pedal is depressed, the swinging portion 66 can swing the shaft 62 in the head 3 direction. ing. Thus, when the pedal 60 is not depressed (indicated by a broken line in the figure), the beater 61 is separated from the head 3 of the hitting device, and when depressed (indicated by a solid line in the figure), the beater 61 is It swings and hits the head 3.

  Here, the front end of the pedal 60 of the foot pudal device and the swing fulcrum 66 of the beater 61 are positioned closer to the front leg 81 than the ground contact point of the rear leg 82.

  Thus, this striking surface device is provided with a head 3 made of a mesh-like material as an oscillating film on an electronic bass drum having a small diameter, and further a cushioning material 5 (for example, a sponge of a specific hardness) so as to contact the oscillating film. ), And the impact is detected by a sensor for detecting the vibration of the vibration film, and the tension of the vibration film and the contact condition between the shock absorber and the vibration film can be arbitrarily set.

  As a result, although the acoustic drum head is hit with an appropriate tension of the head 3, the hitting sound is hardly generated because it is a net-like head, and the cushioning material 5 is excessive. The vibration and rebound feeling can be suppressed, and the hit feeling can be further improved.

  Next, an embodiment of an electronic percussion instrument that can perform an open performance method and a closed performance method using this percussion device will be described. FIG. 10 shows a schematic configuration of this electronic percussion instrument. An output signal from the impact sensor 4 of the drum pad DP which is a hitting surface device is input to the performance information generator PG. The performance information generator PG includes a trigger signal detector PG1 and a note on / off detector PG2. A detection signal (note on / off signal) from the performance information generating unit PG is input to the sound source unit SG. As shown in FIG. 15, the sound source unit SG includes an envelope control unit SG1, a musical tone waveform regenerator SG2, a multiplier SG3 and the like. The signal is input in parallel to the waveform regenerator SG2, and the output from the multiplier SG3 becomes the sound source output.

  As described in detail in FIG. 13, the trigger signal detector PG1 includes a half-wave rectifier circuit PG11, a smoothing circuit PG12, and an A / D converter PG13. In the trigger signal detector PG1, as shown in the waveform diagram of FIG. 14, when the detection signal A from the impact sensor 4 is input, the detection signal A is half-wave rectified by the half-wave rectifier circuit PG1 and half-wave rectified. The half-wave rectified signal B is smoothed by a smoothing circuit PG12 to be a smoothed signal C corresponding to the envelope, and the smoothed signal C is A / D-converted by an A / D converter PG13. Convert to signal D.

  Next, the operation of this electronic percussion instrument will be described with reference to FIGS. Here, FIG. 11 is a waveform diagram of each signal when the drum pad DP is played open, and FIG. 12 is a waveform diagram of each signal when the drum performance is closed.

  First, when the drum pad DP is opened, a hit detection signal (circled numeral 1) is input from the hit sensor 4 as shown in FIG. In the open performance method, the beater 61 is immediately separated from the head 3 after the hit, so that the vibration of the vibration film of the head 3 lasts for a long time, so that the waveform amplitude gradually attenuates as shown in the figure. When this hit detection signal (round numeral 1) is input to the trigger signal detection unit PG1, as shown in FIG. 11 (2), a trigger detection signal (round numeral 2) corresponding to the envelope of the hit detection signal (round numeral 1). ) Is obtained.

  In the note on / off detection unit PG2, based on this trigger detection signal (circle numeral 2), the note on signal is output when a predetermined time has elapsed after the trigger detection signal (circle numeral 2) has reached a predetermined amplitude level L1. Output. Since the envelope of the hit detection signal (circle numeral 1) has a peak value (that is, the peak value of the attack) usually exceeds a certain amplitude level and after a certain time determined by the characteristics of the sensor has elapsed, The above-described note-on signal is generated near the peak value of the hit detection signal (circle numeral 1) (in this embodiment, it is just before the peak). The generation timing of the note-on signal is handled as a timing corresponding to the start of vibration of the head 3.

  Thereafter, a note-off signal is output when the trigger detection signal (circle numeral 2) falls below a predetermined level L2. Note that the generation timing of the note-off signal is handled as a timing corresponding to the end of vibration of the head 3.

  Therefore, if the hit is strong, the duration from note-on to note-off becomes long, and if the hit is weak, the duration is shortened. The amplitude value of the percussion detection signal (circle numeral 1) at the time when the note-on signal is generated is used for amplitude control of the percussion instrument sound generated by the sound source SG described later.

  In response to the note-on signal and the note-off signal, the envelope control unit SG1 of the sound source unit SG immediately rises to amplitude 1 at the time of note-on and takes a certain time from the time of note-off, as shown in FIG. An envelope control signal (circle numeral 3) that attenuates to 0 is generated and output.

  In the sound source unit SG, the above-described envelope control unit SG1 generates an envelope control signal (circle numeral 3) in response to the note-on signal from the performance information generator PG. Accordingly, the musical sound waveform regenerator SG2 is activated to reproduce the percussion musical sound waveform and input it to the multiplier SG3. As a result, the multiplier SG3 multiplies the percussion instrument musical sound waveform by the envelope control signal (circle numeral 3). Therefore, after the note-off, the percussion instrument musical sound waveform is also rapidly attenuated by the rapid attenuation of the envelope control signal (circle numeral 3). Will do. In the open performance method, since it takes a long time for the envelope control signal (circle numeral 3) to be turned off, it is possible to realize a percussion musical tone by the open performance method in an electronic percussion instrument.

  Next, when the drum pad DP is closed, as shown in FIG. 12 (1), a hit detection signal (round numeral 1) is input from the hit sensor 4. In the closed playing method, the operation is performed so that the Peter 61 is pressed against the head 3 even after hitting. Therefore, the vibration of the vibration film of the head 3 is suppressed, and the waveform amplitude is attenuated in a short time as shown in the figure. This hit detection signal (circle numeral 1) is input to the trigger signal detector PG1, and as shown in FIG. 12 (2), a trigger detection signal (circle numeral) corresponding to the envelope of the hit detection signal (circle numeral 1). 2) is obtained.

  The note on / off detector PG2 generates a note on signal and a note off signal in the same manner as described above based on this trigger detection signal (circle numeral 2). Naturally, the interval between note-on and note-off is shorter in the closed performance than in the open performance. The envelope control unit SG1 of the sound source unit SG generates and outputs an envelope control signal (circle numeral 3) as shown in FIG. 12 (3) according to the note-on signal and the note-off signal. In the sound source unit SG, as described above, a musical tone signal of a percussion instrument is generated by multiplying the musical tone waveform output of the musical tone generator SG2 and the envelope control signal (circle numeral 3), but the interval between note-on and note-off is short. The percussion musical sound signal is attenuated in a short time, and the electronic percussion musical instrument can realize the musical sound of the percussion musical instrument by the closed performance.

  Thus, since the hitting device of the present invention can generate hit detection signals having different durations depending on the open playing method and the closed playing method, the electronic percussion instrument of the present invention using this hitting device has this The percussion instrument sounds of the open performance method and the closed performance method can be generated according to the hit detection signal.

  In addition, the same applies to the twin pedal playing method, and the net hitting method as in the present invention broadens the effective hitting surface that can be detected up to a weak hit, so when two beaters like the twin pedal playing method are arranged, The same trigger signal output can be obtained for one side of the beater with one sensor. The effective hitting surface here is an area of the hitting surface where a weak hit can be detected and two beaters arranged in the horizontal direction can obtain sensor output values of almost the same size. Since the net head has excellent vibration propagation characteristics, it is possible to detect even weak hits. At this time, by shifting the sensor from the center of the hitting surface, it is possible to individually detect two hits having different hitting amplitudes detected by the respective sensors, depending on which side of the beater hits. It is also possible to generate different musical sounds for each.

  For this twin pedal performance, two sensors 4 may be provided in correspondence with the two beaters 61 as shown in FIG. 16 instead of one sensor.

FIG. 4 is a side sectional view of the striking device along the AA section line of FIG. 3. It is a front view of a hitting device as one example of the present invention. It is the figure which filled in the cross-sectional line for showing the cross-sectional structure of the principal part of a hitting device in the front view of the hitting device of an Example. It is sectional drawing of the impact sensor part which follows the BB sectional line of FIG. It is sectional drawing of the shock absorbing material part in alignment with CC sectional line of FIG. It is sectional drawing of the attachment adjustment part in an Example. It is a figure explaining the structure of the head in an Example. It is a figure explaining the intersection state of the mesh of the head in an example. It is a figure explaining the structure of the impact sensor in an Example. It is a figure which shows schematic structure of the electronic percussion instrument as one Example of this invention. It is a figure explaining the operation | movement of the open performance method by the electronic percussion instrument of an Example. It is a figure explaining the operation | movement of the close performance by the electronic percussion instrument of an Example. It is a figure which shows the structural example of the trigger signal detection part in the electronic percussion instrument of an Example. It is a wave form diagram for demonstrating operation | movement of the trigger signal detection part in the electronic percussion instrument of an Example. It is a figure explaining the structure and operation | movement of the sound source part in the electronic percussion instrument of an Example. It is a figure which shows the other modification for the twin pedal performance about the hitting surface apparatus of this invention.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Shell 2 Frame 3 Head 4 Impact sensor 5 Cushioning material 6 Foot pedal apparatus 7 Attachment adjustment part 8 Leg structure 9 Rim 31, 32 Net 33 Ring frame 41 Piezoelectric element 42 Cushion member 43 Output signal line 44 Cushioning double-sided adhesive tape 51 Wear resistant layer 52 Low elastic layer 53 High elastic layer 60 Pedal 61 Beater 81, 82 Leg

Claims (1)

A pedal device in which the beater swings when the pedal is depressed;
A head having a striking surface made of a net-like material;
A cushioning material having an elastic layer formed of a first elastic layer for contacting the head and buffering impact, and a second elastic layer having higher elasticity than the first elastic layer ;
A striking surface device comprising: a supporting means for fixing and supporting the cushioning material at a striking position of the head that is struck by the beater.

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