JP4331919B2 - Vibration isolator - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to an anti-vibration device that is applied to, for example, automobiles, general industrial machines, and the like and absorbs vibration from a vibration generating unit, and in particular, an anti-vibration device that can increase a spring ratio for each displacement direction. It relates to the device.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, an anti-vibration device as an engine mount has been installed between the engine that serves as the vibration generator of the vehicle and the vehicle body that serves as the vibration receiver, and this anti-vibration device absorbs the vibration generated by the engine. , Blocking the transmission to the vehicle body side. This type of vibration isolator is provided with a stopper fitting to prevent the vibration isolator from being damaged due to excessive displacement.
[0003]
This stopper bracket regulates the relative displacement between the engine serving as the vibration generating portion and the vehicle body serving as the vibration receiving portion within an appropriate range, and is fixed to the cylindrical bracket attached to the vehicle body side so that the displacement is When it becomes excessive, the mounting bracket on the engine side collides with the stopper bracket to restrict further displacement. Then, when the displacement becomes excessive, an elastic stopper is provided on the outer periphery of the mounting bracket in order to reduce the impact at the time of collision between the mounting bracket and the stopper bracket.
[0004]
Here, in the conventional vibration isolator shown in the longitudinal sectional view in FIG. 2, when the rigidity ratio is given depending on the displacement direction, the volume of the elastic body 14 is changed in the front-rear direction and the left-right direction, or the shape of the mounting bracket 12 is changed. I changed it or inserted an interring bracket.
[0005]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, if the shape of the elastic body 14 is made non-uniform or an interring fitting is used, there is a problem that the durability of the elastic body 14 is deteriorated. In addition, it is difficult to obtain a sufficient rigidity ratio simply by changing the shape of the mounting bracket 12.
[0006]
Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a vibration isolator that can easily provide a sufficient rigidity ratio without deteriorating durability.
[0007]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The present invention has been made to solve the above problems, and the gist of the present invention is a cylindrical metal fitting attached to either the vibration receiving unit or the vibration generating unit, and the vibration generating unit or the vibration receiving unit. The vibration isolator comprises a mounting bracket attached to the other side, an intermediate cylinder fitted into the cylindrical bracket, an elastic body connecting the mounting bracket and the intermediate cylinder, and a stopper bracket for restricting the displacement of the mounting bracket. An elastic stopper is provided between the mounting bracket and the stopper bracket, the spring constant of the elastic stopper varies depending on the displacement direction, and the elastic stopper (9) is pre- compressed in the front-rear direction or the left-right direction. (2) or the vibration isolator which is in contact with the stopper fitting (8).
[0008]
Preferably, the stopper bracket regulates the vertical displacement, the longitudinal displacement, and the lateral displacement of the mounting bracket, and the vibration constant is different between the longitudinal displacement and the lateral displacement. It is related to. The elastic stopper is preferably in contact with the mounting bracket or the stopper bracket in advance in the front-rear direction or the left-right direction, and the elastic stopper is provided on the outer periphery of the mounting bracket and is formed integrally with the elastic body. It is preferable that
[0009]
The vibration isolator of the present invention is a liquid vibration isolator having a diaphragm that forms a liquid chamber together with an elastic body, a partition member that divides the liquid chamber into two chambers, and an orifice that communicates the two liquid chambers. Is also applicable.
[0010]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The vibration isolator of the present invention is fitted into a cylindrical fitting that is attached to either the vibration receiving portion or the vibration generating portion, a mounting fitting that is attached to the other of the vibration generating portion or the vibration receiving portion, and the cylindrical fitting. An intermediate cylinder, and an elastic body connecting the mounting bracket and the intermediate cylinder. It is also possible to have a diaphragm that forms a liquid chamber together with the elastic body, a partition member that partitions the liquid chamber into two chambers, and an orifice that communicates the two liquid chambers.
[0011]
In other words, the liquidless vibration isolator with the vibration isolating property of the elastic body connecting the mounting bracket and the intermediate cylinder also has a liquid damping function and a vibration insulating function due to the liquid flow effect between the two liquid chambers by the orifice. It can also be applied to an incoming vibration isolator, for example, between an engine that is a vibration generation unit of a vehicle and a vehicle body that is a vibration reception unit, and absorbs vibration generated by the engine and is transmitted to the vehicle body side. Is to prevent.
[0012]
The vibration isolator of the present invention is characteristically provided with a stopper fitting for restricting the displacement of the mounting bracket, and an elastic stopper is provided between the mounting bracket and the stopper bracket, and the spring constant of the elastic stopper depends on the displacement direction. Is different. That is, unlike the conventional anti-vibration device shown in FIG. 2, the rigidity of the elastic body 14 is not increased by changing the volume of the elastic body 14 or the shape of the mounting bracket 12 or by inserting an interring bracket. A ratio is given.
[0013]
This point will be described in further detail. If the shape of the elastic body 14 is made nonuniform or an interring fitting is used, the durability of the elastic body 14 will be deteriorated. For example, since the elastic body 14 is a main part that connects the mounting bracket 12 and the intermediate cylinder 13 and exhibits a vibration-proof function, a wide range of external force acts on the elastic body 14. Therefore, when the shape of the elastic body 14 is not uniform, stress concentration is likely to occur, and durability is deteriorated.
[0014]
Further, since the mounting bracket 12 is rigid, the spring constant around the mounting bracket 12 does not change even if the shape thereof is changed, and the contact with the stopper bracket 18 is merely accelerated in a specific direction. Absent.
[0015]
On the other hand, the vibration isolator of the present invention is configured such that the spring constant of the elastic stopper varies depending on the displacement direction. In other words, without changing the volume of the elastic body and the shape of the mounting bracket, it is not necessary to insert an interring bracket, so the durability does not deteriorate, and it becomes possible to obtain a large rigidity ratio by simply tuning the elastic stopper. is there.
[0016]
Here, the displacement direction includes a vertical direction that is an axial direction of the cylindrical metal fitting, a front-rear direction and a horizontal direction in a horizontal plane perpendicular to the axial direction. The stopper fitting restricts displacement in these six directions, but the direction in which the spring constant of the elastic stopper is changed is not particularly limited, and may be only part of the six directions. However, in the vibration isolator as the engine mount, it is preferable to change the spring constant between the displacement in the front-rear direction and the displacement in the left-right direction.
[0017]
Further, in order to change the spring constant of the elastic stopper, it is only necessary to increase the thickness of a part of the elastic stopper. For example, to change the spring constant in the front-rear direction when the elastic stopper covers the entire outer periphery of the mounting bracket with a substantially uniform thickness, the elastic stopper protrudes only in the front-rear direction without changing the left-right direction. You can do it. Then, in the front-rear direction, a spring of an elastic body + spring of an elastic stopper is obtained, and a high spring is obtained, and in the left-right direction, a spring having only an elastic body spring is obtained.
[0018]
In particular, if the elastic stopper is previously brought into contact with the mounting bracket or the stopper bracket in the front-rear direction or the left-right direction, the spring constant in the front-rear direction or the left-right direction can be changed from the initial stage of the displacement, and the elastic stopper is compressed. If it is in contact with the mounting bracket or the stopper bracket, the spring constant can be changed before the displacement occurs. The elastic stopper can be provided on the mounting bracket side or on the stopper mounting side, but is preferably provided on the outer periphery of the mounting bracket and integrally formed with the elastic body on the mounting bracket side.
[0019]
【Example】
Hereinafter, specific examples of preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. 1A and 1B are diagrams showing an example of a vibration isolator according to the present invention. FIG. 1A is a top view and FIG. 1B is a cross-sectional view taken along a line CC in FIG. The embodiment shown in FIG. 1 is a liquid-filled vibration isolator installed between an automobile engine and a vehicle body, and includes a tubular metal fitting 1, an attachment metal fitting 2, and an intermediate fitting in the tubular metal fitting 1. A cylinder 3 and an elastic body 4 for connecting the mounting bracket 2 and the intermediate cylinder 3 are provided. The elastic body 4 is made of rubber and is a main component of vibration isolation. A liquid chamber is formed by the inner wall of the elastic body 4 and the diaphragm 5, and the liquid chamber is divided into two chambers by a partition member 6.
[0020]
Here, the cylindrical metal fitting 1 has a folded portion 1A. Therefore, in order to assemble the vibration isolator of the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, the intermediate cylinder 3 in which the diaphragm 5 is fixed and the orifice 7 is formed by the partition member 6 is attached to the inner cylinder 1 </ b> B in which the cylindrical metal fitting 1 is folded. Press fit around the circumference. Then, since the mounting bracket 2 is connected to the intermediate cylinder 3 by the elastic body 4, the vibration isolator excluding the stopper bracket 8 is assembled.
[0021]
At this time, since the intermediate cylinder 3 is provided with a flange 3A toward the cylindrical metal fitting 1 side, the flange 3A of the intermediate cylinder 3 and the folded portion 1A of the cylindrical metal fitting 1 can be easily brought into contact with each other. The intermediate cylinder 3 can be positioned.
[0022]
An elastic stopper 9 that is integral with the elastic body 4 is provided on the outer periphery of the mounting bracket 2. The elastic stopper 9 has a shape protruding in the front-rear direction and is thicker in the left-right direction.
[0023]
The stopper fitting 8 is press-fitted into the outer circumference of the folded outer cylinder 1C of the cylindrical fitting 1 and assembled. Is getting longer. Therefore, in a state where the stopper fitting 8 is fixed, the elastic stopper 9 is compressed in the front-rear direction, the spring is high in the front-rear direction where the stopper fitting 8 and the elastic stopper 9 are in contact with each other in advance, and the left-right direction where they are not in contact The spring is low.
[0024]
Thus, in the vibration isolator of the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, the front-rear direction elastic stopper 9 is in contact with the inner surface of the stopper fitting 8 and is compressed, so that the front-rear direction is hardly changed without changing the vertical spring. The rigidity ratio is given in the left and right direction.
[0025]
【The invention's effect】
The vibration isolator of the present invention is provided with an elastic stopper between the mounting bracket and the stopper bracket, and the spring constant of the elastic stopper varies depending on the displacement direction. It does not adversely affect the durability of a certain elastic body. Therefore, a sufficient rigidity ratio can be easily obtained without deteriorating the durability.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view showing an example of a vibration isolator of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a conventional vibration isolator.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Cylindrical metal fitting 1A ... Folding part 1B ... Inner cylinder 1C ... Outer cylinder 2 ... Mounting metal fitting 3 ... Intermediate cylinder 3A ... Flange 4 ... Elastic body 5 ... Diaphragm 6 ... Partition member 7 ... Orifice 8 ... Stopper metal fitting 9 ... Elastic stopper DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 11 ... Cylinder metal fitting 12 ... Mounting metal fitting 13 ... Intermediate cylinder 14 ... Elastic body 15 ... Diaphragm 16 ... Partitioning member 17 ... Orifice 18 ... Stopper metal fitting

Claims (5)

Fits into the cylindrical fitting (1) attached to either the vibration receiving part or the vibration generating part, the fitting (2) attached to the other of the vibration generating part or the vibration receiving part, and the cylindrical fitting (1) An intermediate cylinder (3), an elastic body (4) connecting the mounting bracket (2) and the intermediate cylinder (3), and a stopper bracket (8) for restricting the displacement of the mounting bracket (2). An elastic stopper (9) is provided between the mounting bracket (2) and the stopper bracket (8), and the spring constant of the elastic stopper (9) varies depending on the displacement direction. The vibration isolator is in contact with the mounting bracket (2) or the stopper bracket (8) in a compressed state in the front-rear direction or the left-right direction.   The vibration isolator according to claim 1, wherein the stopper fitting (8) regulates the vertical displacement, the longitudinal displacement and the lateral displacement of the mounting bracket (2).   The anti-vibration device according to claim 2, wherein the spring constant differs between the displacement in the front-rear direction and the displacement in the left-right direction.   4. The prevention according to claim 1, wherein the elastic stopper (9) is provided on the outer periphery of the mounting bracket (2) and is formed integrally with the elastic body (4). Shaker.   A diaphragm (5) that constitutes a liquid chamber together with the elastic body (4), a partition member (6) that partitions the liquid chamber into two chambers, and an orifice (7) that communicates the liquid chambers of the two chambers The vibration isolator according to any one of claims 1 to 4.

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