JP4324335B2 - Catechin-containing beverage - Google Patents

Catechin-containing beverage Download PDF

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JP4324335B2
JP4324335B2 JP2001271804A JP2001271804A JP4324335B2 JP 4324335 B2 JP4324335 B2 JP 4324335B2 JP 2001271804 A JP2001271804 A JP 2001271804A JP 2001271804 A JP2001271804 A JP 2001271804A JP 4324335 B2 JP4324335 B2 JP 4324335B2
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catechins
glucose
catechin
weight
beverage
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JP2003081825A (en
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淳子 鈴木
孝利 村瀬
安曇 長澤
正 長谷
一郎 時光
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Kao Corp
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Kao Corp
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【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、グルコーストランスポーター4発現促進剤、及びそれを含有する糖尿病、高インスリン血症、インスリン抵抗性の予防・改善に有効なグルコーストランスポーター4発現促進剤含有容器詰飲料に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
体内の糖質の代謝についてみると、筋肉や脂肪組織ではグルコースの取り込みは細胞膜上の糖輸送担体(グルコーストランスポーター:glucose transporter:GLUT)を介して行われ、グルコーストランスポーターの量によってグルコースの取り込み量が規定されている。これらの組織の主なグルコーストランスポーターはグルコーストランスポーター4(GLUT4)と呼ばれるものであるが、通常は細胞内部に存在しており、インスリン刺激によって細胞膜上に移動(トランスロケーション)し、グルコースがその担体を通して細胞内に取り込まれる。GLUT4に着目した糖尿病治療剤として、インスリンのシグナル伝達系の蛋白質p72をチロシンリン酸化させてGLUT4のトランスロケーションを活性化させる方法が提案されている(特開平11−35485号公報)。また、GLUT4を少量でも過剰発現させたトランスジェニックマウスは、高脂肪食による糖尿病になりにくいことが報告されており(Ikemoto,S. et al.:Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci.USA,92:3086-3089,1995)、組織におけるGLUT4の発現を促進させる素材は、糖尿病の予防・治癒に有効であると考えられた。
【0003】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
本発明の目的は、糖質の消化酵素阻害や腸管からの輸送経路阻害といった糖吸収抑制による血糖コントロールではなく、吸収された血中のグルコースをすみやかに細胞内へ取り込ませることで血糖値をコントロールし、食事と同時に摂取しなくても糖摂取後の急激な血糖上昇を抑制することが可能で、糖尿病の予防・改善に役立つGLUT4発現促進剤及び容器詰飲料を提供することにある。
【0004】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明者は、カテキン類にGLUT4発現促進作用があり、糖尿病、高インスリン血症、インスリン抵抗性、耐糖能低下の予防・改善に有用であることを見出した。
本発明は、カテキン類からなるグルコーストランスポーター4発現促進剤を提供するものである。
また、本発明は、次の非重合体成分(A)及び(B):
(A)非エピ体カテキン類、
(B)エピ体カテキン類
を溶解して含有し、(A)/(B)(重量比)が(A)/(B)=0.25〜9.0である糖尿病予防・改善用容器詰飲料を提供するものである。
更には、本発明は、次の非重合体成分(A)及び(B):
(A)非エピ体カテキン類、
(B)エピ体カテキン類
を溶解して含有し、(A)+(B)が460〜2500mg、(A)が90〜2250mg及び(A)/(B)(重量比)が(A)/(B)=0.25〜9.0である高インスリン血症又はインスリン抵抗性予防・改善用容器詰飲料を提供するものである。
【0005】
【発明の実施の形態】
本発明でカテキン類とは、カテキン、ガロカテキン、カテキンガレート、ガロカテキンガレートなどの非エピ体カテキン類及びエピカテキン、エピガロカテキン、エピカテキンガレート、エピガロカテキンガレートなどのエピ体カテキン類をあわせての総称である。
【0006】
本発明に使用するカテキン類は、Camellia属、例えばC. sinensis及びC. assaimica、又はそれらの雑種から得られる茶葉から製茶された、煎茶、番茶、玉露、てん茶、釜入り茶等の緑茶類や、総称して鳥龍茶と呼ばれる鉄観音、色種、黄金桂、武夷岩茶等の半発酵茶、紅茶と呼ばれるダージリン、アッサム、スリランカ等の発酵茶の茶葉から水や熱水により抽出して得られる。
【0007】
また茶葉から抽出するかわりに、茶抽出物の濃縮物を水に溶解して用いても、茶葉からの抽出液と茶抽出物の濃縮物とを併用してもよい。ここでいう茶抽出物の濃縮物とは、茶葉を熱水もしくは水溶性有機溶媒により抽出された抽出物を濃縮したものであって、特開昭59−219384号公報、特開平4−20589号公報、特開平5−260907号公報、特開平5−306279号公報等に詳細に例示されている方法で調製したものをいう。市販の三井農林(株)「ポリフェノン」、伊藤園(株)「テアフラン」、太陽化学(株)「サンフェノン」、サントリー(株)「サンウーロン」等が挙げられる。そのほか、カテキンは他の原料起源のもの、カラム精製品及び化学合成品でも使用できる。ここでいう茶抽出物の濃縮物の形態としては、固体、水溶液、スラリー状など種々のものが挙げられる。茶抽出物を溶解する媒体(以下抽出液と記載する)は、水、炭酸水、市販されているレベルのカテキン類を含有する茶類等が挙げられる。
【0008】
これらのカテキン類は、茶の抽出液中では、非重合体である溶解しているものと、茶の微細粉末に吸着、包含された固体状のものとがある。本発明において使用するカテキン類は、茶の抽出液等をろ過し、乾燥などして得られる抽出物を溶解したものである。
【0009】
茶葉中においては、カテキンは大部分がエピ体として存在しているが、熱や酸やアルカリなどの処理により立体異性体である非エピ体に変化する。非エピ体カテキン類は、緑茶類、半発酵茶類又は発酵茶類からの抽出液や茶抽出液の濃縮物を水溶液にして、例えば40〜140℃、0.1分〜120時間加熱処理して得ることができる。また非エピカテキン類含有量の高い茶抽出液の濃縮物を使用してもよい。それらは単独又は併用してもよい。
【0010】
本発明のGLUT4発現促進剤は、このようなカテキン類であるが、GLUT4発現促進剤を摂取する形態は、経口的に摂取できる形態であれば特に限定されるものではない。たとえば、飲料、錠剤、カプセル剤、散剤、顆粒剤だけでなく、パン、シリアル、麺類、米・芋・とうもろこし等の加工食品、乳製品、農産加工食品、菓子類、ケーキ、ビスケット、クッキー、グミ、ゼリー等のあらゆる食品形態・内服薬形態が可能である。たとえば飲料、錠剤、カプセル剤、でも応用が可能であるが、その中でもより手軽である飲料が好ましく、さらに携帯することも可能な容器詰飲料が好ましい。
【0011】
本発明のGLUT4発現促進剤を、糖尿病予防・改善用容器詰飲料とする場合は、カテキン類中の非エピ体カテキン類(成分(A))とエピ体カテキン類(成分(B))が共に飲料中に溶解して含有され、その含有重量比が、(A)/(B)=0.25〜9.0、好ましくは0.43〜5.67、特に0.67〜5.67であるのがGLUT4発現促進上好ましい。
【0012】
また、本発明のGLUT4発現促進剤を、高インスリン血症又はインスリン抵抗性予防・改善用容器詰飲料とする場合は、非エピ体カテキン類(成分(A))とエピ体カテキン類(成分(B))が共に飲料中に溶解して含有され、容器詰飲料中に成分(A)と成分(B)の合計量で容器詰500mLあたり460〜2500mg、好ましくは500〜1300mg、更に好ましくは600〜1300mg、特に640〜800mg含有するのが好ましい。この範囲であると効果も優れ、味も好ましい。また、安定性の点で成分(A)は、容器詰500mLあたり90〜2250mg、好ましくは140〜2250mg、特に140〜1880mg含有するのが好ましい。また成分(A)と成分(B)の含有重量比が、(A)/(B)=0.25〜9.0、好ましくは0.43〜5.67、特に0.67〜5.67であるのが好ましい。
【0013】
本発明の容器詰飲料は含有する成分(A)及び成分(B)が、このような成分量であると、効果に優れると共に、味及び安定性の点で優れるが、更に、次のものが好ましい。
カテキン類の含有量の30〜98重量%、好ましくは40〜90重量%が、エピガロカテキンガレート、ガロカテキンガレート、エピガロカテキン、ガロカテキンから選ばれたものであると、飲料としての呈味が更に優れ、後を引くような収斂性もなく好ましい。ここでエピガロカテキンガレート、ガロカテキンガレート、エピガロカテキン、ガロカテキンは1種以上含有するが、通常は全て含有される。また、添加する緑茶抽出物の味との関係から、カテキン濃度を上げても、半発酵茶である鳥龍茶や、発酵茶である紅茶との組み合せは、カテキン類の渋味が緩和され、嗜好性が優れていて好ましい。容器詰飲料中で総ポリフェノール中のカテキン類の含有率としては、製造直後でカテキン量が10重量%以上で、好ましくは20重量%以上である。
【0014】
本発明のGLUT4発現促進剤は、このようなカテキン類であるが、果汁等の他の飲料成分と組み合わせることで、幅広い範囲の糖尿病、高インスリン血症、インスリン抵抗性の予防・改善に有効なカテキン類含有容器詰飲料を提供することができる。例えばソフトドリンクスである炭酸飲料、果実エキス入り飲料、野菜エキス入りジュースや、ニアウオーター、スポーツ飲料、ダイエット飲料等に適宜添加することもできる。
【0015】
GLUT4発現促進剤を含む飲料のpHは、25℃で3〜7、好ましくは4〜7、特に5〜7とするのが、味及びカテキン類の化学的安定性の点で好ましい。
【0016】
本発明のGLUT4発現促進剤を含む容器詰飲料には、処方上添加して良い成分として、酸化防止剤、香料、各種エステル類、有機酸類、有機酸塩類、無機酸類、無機酸塩類、色素類、乳化剤、保存料、調味料、甘味料、酸味料、果汁エキス類、野菜エキス類、花蜜エキス類、pH調整剤、品質安定剤等の添加剤を単独、あるいは併用して配合しても良い。また、他の糖尿病予防・改善、高インスリン血症予防・改善、インスリン抵抗性予防・改善に効果のある成分と併用してもよい。また、製剤組成としては、飲料、食品、医薬品に用いられる原料成分に加えて、他の糖尿病予防・改善、高インスリン血症予防・改善、インスリン抵抗性予防・改善に効果のある成分と併用してもよい。
また、本発明のGLUT4発現促進剤に、食後の高血糖を抑制するアミラーゼ阻害剤、グルコシダーゼ阻害剤、スクラーゼ阻害剤、グルコース輸送経路阻害剤等の糖吸収抑制剤やその他の糖吸収抑制剤や食物繊維を併用してもよい。
【0017】
容器詰飲料として飲用する場合には、使用される容器は、一般の飲料と同様にポリエチレンテレフタレートを主成分とする成形容器(いわゆるPETボトル)、金属缶、金属箔やプラスチックフィルムと複合された紙容器、瓶などの通常の形態で提供することができる。ここでいう容器詰飲料とは希釈せずに飲用できるものをいう。
また本発明の容器詰飲料は、例えば、金属缶のように容器に充填後、加熱殺菌できる場合にあっては食品衛生法に定められた殺菌条件で製造される。PETボトル、紙容器のようにレトルト殺菌できないものについては、あらかじめ上記と同等の殺菌条件、例えばプレート式熱交換器等で高温短時間殺菌後、一定の温度迄冷却して容器に充填する等の方法が採用される。また無菌下で、充填された容器に別の成分を配合して充填してもよい。更に、酸性下で加熱殺菌後、無菌下でpHを中性に戻すことや、中性下で加熱殺菌後、無菌下でpHを酸性に戻すなどの操作も可能である。
【0018】
【実施例】
実施例1 カテキン類のGLUT4発現促進効果
C57BL/6Jマウス(雄、7週齢、各群5匹)にトリグリセリド5重量%含有普通食、及びトリグリセリド30重量%及び蔗糖13重量%含有する高脂肪蔗糖食及びこの高脂肪蔗糖食のポテトスターチ0.5重量%分に代えて表1の組成のカテキン類0.5重量%に代えたカテキン類含有食を、自由に摂取させた。1ヶ月後にマウスを解剖、被覆を採取し、以下のとおり総RNAを抽出し、ノーザンブロット(Northern blot)に供した。
【0019】
【表1】

Figure 0004324335
【0020】
総RNAはIsogen(和光純薬株式会社)を用い精製し、得られたRNA(20μg/lane)をアガロース電気泳動の後、Hybond−N+(Amersham)ナイロン膜に転写、UV固定を行いフィルターを作製した。次いでプレハイブリダイゼーション溶液(50重量% ホルムアミド, 5×SSPE, 0.5重量%ドデシル硫酸ナトリウム, 10重量%デンハード溶液, 40mg/mL denatured salmon sperm DNA)中42℃で6時間プレハイブリダイゼーションを行った後32PラベルしたGLUT4プローブを添加し、42℃で15〜18時間ハイブリダイズさせた。フィルターは室温で2×SSC/0.1重量%ドデシル硫酸ナトリウムにて洗浄後、50℃で0.1重量% SSC/0.1重量%ドデシル硫酸ナトリウムにて洗浄した。得られたフィルターはBAS2000 バイオイメージ アナライザー(フジフィルム)を用いてオートラジオグラフィーを行い、各バンドの放射活性を測定した。同様にコントロール遺伝子として36B4 RNAについてもハイブリダイゼーションを行い、GLUT4 mRNAの放射活性を36B4 RNAの放射活性で補正し各々の発現量とした。尚、cDNA プローブはGLUT4(Genbank AB008453, nt 74-1122) 及び36B4(Genbank X15267, nt 97-860)のPCR増幅産物をReady-To-Go DNA labeling beads (Amersham)と32P-dCTP (Amersham)を用いて標識し使用した。
【0021】
結果を表2に示す。
カテキン類は、筋肉におけるGLUT4発現促進が優れていた。
【0022】
【表2】
Figure 0004324335
【0023】
実施例2
食餌性の肥満・糖尿病モデルマウス(C57BL/6Jマウス:雄、7週齢、各群5匹)に実施例1で使用した普通食、高脂肪蔗糖食及びカテキン類含有食(糖質に対してカテキン類1.2重量%含有)を10ヶ月自由に摂取させた。耐糖能評価は経口グルコース負荷試験(OGTT:Glucose tolerance test)にて行った。
12時間絶食後にグルコース(3mg/g 体重)を経口投与し、経時的に尾静脈より採血し、血糖値を測定した。血糖測定には血糖簡易測定器(グルコースデヒドロゲナーゼ/電位差測定法、ロシュ・ダイアノグスティック社製)を用いた。
血糖測定と同時に、尾静脈よりヘパリン処理ヘマトクリット毛細管(75mm、DRUMMOND SCIENTIFIC CO.)を用いて採血した。約11000r/min5分遠心して血漿を採取し、インスリン濃度をEIA法(インスリン測定キット:森永生科学研究所製)にて測定した。
【0024】
結果を図1、2に示す。
高脂肪蔗糖食摂取群はグルコースを経口投与した後の血糖値が普通食摂取群に比べ糖負荷後2時間まで有意に高く、耐糖能の悪化が認められた。また、グルコース経口投与前のインスリン値も普通食摂取群に比べ有意に高く、高インスリン血症を示していた。
一方、カテキン類含有食摂取群では血糖値の上昇が有意に抑制されており、耐糖能改善が認められた。同時に、高脂肪蔗糖食摂取群でみられた高インスリン血症も改善され、インスリン抵抗性が改善されていた。
【0025】
なお、この餌組成(糖質に対してカテキン類1.2重量%含有)では消化酵素阻害や吸収経路阻害等による糖吸収抑制作用がないことを、以下の試験で確かめた。
C57BL/6J マウス(雄、9週齢、各群5匹、7時間絶食)に、カテキン類(表1)を糖質(デンプン2.85mg +蔗糖1.3mg/g 体重)を同時に経口投与した。カテキン類は糖質に対して1.2重量%となるように設定した。経口投与前及び投与後経時的に尾静脈より採血し、簡易血糖測定器(グルコースデヒドロゲナーゼ/電位差測定法、ロシュ・ダイアノグスティック社製)を用いて血糖を測定した。
その結果を図3に示す。
図3に示すとおり、GLUT4発現促進と耐糖能改善効果に用いた餌組成(糖質に対してカテキン類1.2重量%)では、糖吸収抑制効果が認められなかった。
【0026】
実施例3 2型糖尿病モデルマウスに対するカテキン類の効果
遺伝的2型糖尿病モデルマウス(C57BL/KsJ-db/db Jcl マウス、雌、6週齢、各群8匹)に、トリグリセリド10重量%及び蔗糖13重量%含有する高蔗糖食、この高蔗糖食のポテトスターチ0.5重量%分をカテキン群(表1)0.5重量%(糖質に対してカテキン類1.0重量%含有)に代えた高蔗糖カテキン類食を4週間自由に摂取させた。耐糖能評価は経口グルコース負荷試験(OGTT)にて行った。
12時間絶食後にグルコース(1mg/g 体重)を経口投与し、経時的に尾静脈よりヘパリン処理ヘマトクリット毛細管(75mm、DRUMMOND SCIENTIFIC CO.)を用いて採血した。約11000rpm5分遠心して血漿を採取し、血漿中のグルコース濃度をムタローゼ・GOD法(グルコースII−テストワコー:和光純薬株式会社)にて測定した。
その結果を図4に示す。
図4に示すとおり、高蔗糖カテキン類食摂取群はグルコース経口投与後の血糖値の上昇が有意に抑制され、耐糖能改善が優れていた。
【0027】
なお、この餌組成(糖質に対してカテキン類1.0重量%含有)では、消化酵素阻害や吸収経路阻害などによる糖吸収抑制作用がないことを、試験例2と同様の方法で、以下のとおり確かめた。
C57BL/KsJ-db/db Jclマウス(雌、9週齢、各群5匹、7時間絶食)に、カテキン類(表1)と糖質(デンプン2.85mg+蔗糖1.3mg/g 体重)を経口投与した。カテキン類は糖質に対して2.4%となるように設定した。経口投与前及び投与後経時的に尾静脈よりヘパリン処理ヘマトクリット毛細管(75mm、DRUMMOND SCIENTIFIC CO.)を用いて採血した。約11000r/min5分間遠心して血漿を採取し、血漿中のグルコース濃度をムタローゼ・GOD法(グルコースII−テストワコー:和光純薬株式会社)にて測定した。
その結果を図5に示す。
図5のとおり、糖質に対してカテキン類2.4重量%、すなわち、GLUT4発現促進と耐糖能改善効果に用いた餌組成(糖質に対してカテキン類1.0重量%含有)より1.4重量%高いカテキン濃度でも糖吸収抑制効果は認められなかった。
【0028】
実施例4
表3に示す組成の容器詰飲料を製造した。
【0029】
【表3】
Figure 0004324335
【0030】
*1 鳥龍茶葉33gを85℃に加熱保持したイオン交換水1kgに加えて、8分間抽出し、次いで熱交換器で冷却しながらネルろ布でろ過したもの。
*2 茶抽出物の濃縮物
A カテキン類含有量 33重量%、非エピ体含有量 4重量%(三井農林(株)製)
B カテキン類含有量 33重量%、非エピ体含有量 14重量%
C カテキン類含有量 30重量%、非エピ体含有量 3重量%(三井農林(株)製)
D カテキン類含有量 30重量%、非エピ体含有量 14重量%
*3 本発明1、2、比較1及び2は、クエン酸/リン酸二ナトリウム、本発明3及び比較3は、クエン酸、本発明4は、炭酸水素ナトリウムで調製した。
*4 10秒(殺菌工程前に脱気ラインを通る)
【0031】
本発明品1〜4は、嗜好性が高く、かつ、GLUT4発現促進効果がある容器詰飲料であった。
【0032】
実施例5
クリーンベンチ内で、表3に記載の茶葉100gを温度80℃の蒸留水1000gで10分間抽出し、ろ過した茶抽出液を調製した。次に、表4の成分を混合し、脱気後、139℃で10秒間加熱処理後、500mLペットボトルに充填して容器詰飲料を製造した。
【0033】
【表4】
Figure 0004324335
【0034】
飲んだときの喉ごしもよく、嗜好性が高く、かつ、GLUT4発現促進効果がある容器詰飲料であった。
【0035】
実施例6
表5に示す容器詰飲料を製造した。
【0036】
【表5】
Figure 0004324335
【0037】
男性(空腹時血糖値105〜130mg/dL)5名に1日500mLずつ飲用させ、3ヶ月後に本飲料の効果を測定した。
その結果、5名中4名が本飲料の飲用感を高く評価した。また、血糖値も全体に低下傾向が認められ、本発明による飲料は嗜好性が高く、かつ効果的にも優れたものであった。
【0038】
【発明の効果】
本発明のGLUT4発現促進剤及びそれを含有する容器詰飲料は、糖質の消化酵素阻害や腸管からの輸送経路阻害といった糖吸収抑制による血糖コントロールではなく、吸収された血中のグルコースをすみやかに細胞内へ取り込ませることで血糖値をコントロールし、食事と同時に摂取しなくても糖摂取後の急激な血糖上昇を抑制することが可能で、糖尿病の予防・改善に役立つ。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】グルコース経口投与後の血糖値変化を示す図である。
【図2】グルコース経口投与後の血漿中インスリン濃度変化を示す図である。
【図3】糖質経口投与後の血糖値変化を示す図である。
【図4】グルコース経口投与後の血糖値変化を示す図である。
【図5】糖質経口投与後の血糖値変化を示す図である。[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a glucose transporter 4 expression promoter and a packaged beverage containing a glucose transporter 4 expression promoter effective for the prevention and improvement of diabetes, hyperinsulinemia and insulin resistance containing the same.
[0002]
[Prior art]
As for the metabolism of carbohydrates in the body, in muscle and adipose tissue, glucose uptake is carried out via a glucose transporter (GLUT) on the cell membrane, and glucose uptake depends on the amount of glucose transporter. The amount is specified. The main glucose transporter of these tissues is called glucose transporter 4 (GLUT4), but it is usually present inside the cell and moves (translocates) onto the cell membrane by insulin stimulation. It is taken into the cell through the carrier. As a diabetes therapeutic agent focusing on GLUT4, there has been proposed a method of activating GLUT4 translocation by tyrosine phosphorylation of a protein p72 of insulin signal transduction system (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 11-35485). In addition, it has been reported that transgenic mice in which GLUT4 is overexpressed even in a small amount are unlikely to become diabetic due to a high fat diet (Ikemoto, S. et al .: Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 92: 3086-3089, 1995), a material that promotes the expression of GLUT4 in tissues was thought to be effective in the prevention and cure of diabetes.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
The purpose of the present invention is not to control blood sugar by suppressing sugar absorption such as inhibition of carbohydrate digestive enzymes and transport pathways from the intestinal tract, but controls the blood sugar level by promptly incorporating absorbed glucose into the cell. Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a GLUT4 expression promoter and a packaged beverage that can suppress a rapid increase in blood sugar after ingesting sugar without taking it at the same time as a meal and are useful for preventing or improving diabetes.
[0004]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The present inventor has found that catechins have a GLUT4 expression promoting action and are useful for the prevention / improvement of diabetes, hyperinsulinemia, insulin resistance, and impaired glucose tolerance.
The present invention provides a glucose transporter 4 expression promoter comprising catechins.
The present invention also provides the following non-polymer components (A) and (B):
(A) Non-epimeric catechins,
(B) A container for diabetes prevention / improvement containing dissolved epithelial catechins, wherein (A) / (B) (weight ratio) is (A) / (B) = 0.25-9.0. Beverages are provided.
Furthermore, the present invention provides the following non-polymeric components (A) and (B):
(A) Non-epimeric catechins,
(B) Epitaxial catechins are dissolved and contained, (A) + (B) is 460-2500 mg, (A) is 90-2250 mg, and (A) / (B) (weight ratio) is (A) / (B) Provided is a packaged beverage for preventing or improving hyperinsulinaemia or insulin resistance satisfying 0.25 to 9.0.
[0005]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The catechins in the present invention include non-epimeric catechins such as catechin, gallocatechin, catechin gallate, and gallocatechin gallate and epicatechins such as epicatechin, epigallocatechin, epicatechin gallate, and epigallocatechin gallate. It is a general term.
[0006]
The catechins used in the present invention are green teas such as sencha, bancha, gyokuro, tencha, and kettle tea made from tea leaves obtained from the genus Camellia, such as C. sinensis and C. assaimica, or hybrids thereof. Extracted with water or hot water from the leaves of fermented teas such as iron kannon, color species, golden katsura, martial rock tea, and other fermented teas called black tea, Darjeeling, Assam, and Sri Lanka. Obtained.
[0007]
Further, instead of extracting from tea leaves, a concentrate of tea extract may be used by dissolving in water, or an extract from tea leaves and a concentrate of tea extract may be used in combination. The concentrate of tea extract referred to here is a concentrate obtained by concentrating an extract obtained by extracting tea leaves with hot water or a water-soluble organic solvent, and is disclosed in JP-A-59-219384 and JP-A-4-20589. It is prepared by the method exemplified in detail in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 5-260907, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 5-306279, and the like. Commercially available Mitsui Norin Co., Ltd. “Polyphenone”, ITO EN Co., Ltd. “Theafranc”, Taiyo Kagaku Co., Ltd. “Sunphenon”, Suntory Co., Ltd. “Sun Oolong” and the like. In addition, catechins can be used from other raw materials, column purified products, and chemically synthesized products. The form of the concentrate of the tea extract here includes various forms such as a solid, an aqueous solution, and a slurry. Examples of the medium for dissolving the tea extract (hereinafter referred to as an extract) include water, carbonated water, teas containing commercially available levels of catechins, and the like.
[0008]
These catechins are classified into a non-polymer dissolved in tea extract and a solid adsorbed and contained in tea fine powder. The catechins used in the present invention are those obtained by dissolving an extract obtained by filtering and drying a tea extract or the like.
[0009]
In tea leaves, most of the catechins exist as epi-isomers, but they change to non-epi-isomers, which are stereoisomers, by treatment with heat, acid, alkali, or the like. For non-epimeric catechins, extract from green tea, semi-fermented tea or fermented tea or concentrate of tea extract is used as an aqueous solution, for example, 40 to 140 ° C. and heat-treated for 0.1 minutes to 120 hours. Can be obtained. Moreover, you may use the concentrate of the tea extract with high non-epicatechin content. They may be used alone or in combination.
[0010]
The GLUT4 expression promoter of the present invention is such catechins, but the form of taking the GLUT4 expression promoter is not particularly limited as long as it can be taken orally. For example, not only beverages, tablets, capsules, powders, granules, but also breads, cereals, noodles, processed foods such as rice, rice cake, corn, dairy products, agricultural processed foods, confectionery, cakes, biscuits, cookies, gummi Any form of food such as jelly or internal medicine is possible. For example, beverages, tablets, and capsules can be applied, but among them, beverages that are easier to use are preferable, and packaged beverages that can be carried around are also preferable.
[0011]
When the GLUT4 expression promoter of the present invention is used as a packaged beverage for diabetes prevention / amelioration, both non-epimeric catechins (component (A)) and epicatechins (component (B)) in catechins are included. It is dissolved and contained in the beverage, and the content weight ratio thereof is (A) / (B) = 0.25 to 9.0, preferably 0.43 to 5.67, particularly 0.67 to 5.67. It is preferable for promoting GLUT4 expression.
[0012]
When the GLUT4 expression promoter of the present invention is used as a hyperinsulinemia or a packaged beverage for preventing or improving insulin resistance, a non-epi catechin (component (A)) and an epi catechin (component ( B)) is dissolved and contained in the beverage, and the total amount of component (A) and component (B) in the packaged beverage is 460 to 2500 mg, preferably 500 to 1300 mg, more preferably 600, per 500 mL of the package. It is preferable to contain -1300 mg, especially 640-800 mg. Within this range, the effect is excellent and the taste is also preferable. From the viewpoint of stability, the component (A) is preferably contained in an amount of 90 to 2250 mg, preferably 140 to 2250 mg, particularly 140 to 1880 mg per 500 mL of the container. The weight ratio of component (A) to component (B) is (A) / (B) = 0.25 to 9.0, preferably 0.43 to 5.67, particularly 0.67 to 5.67. Is preferred.
[0013]
When the component (A) and the component (B) contained in the container-packed beverage of the present invention are such component amounts, they are excellent in effect and in terms of taste and stability. preferable.
When the content of catechins is 30 to 98% by weight, preferably 40 to 90% by weight, selected from epigallocatechin gallate, gallocatechin gallate, epigallocatechin and gallocatechin, the taste as a beverage It is more excellent and preferable without the astringency that pulls back. Here, one or more types of epigallocatechin gallate, gallocatechin gallate, epigallocatechin, and gallocatechin are contained, but usually all are contained. In addition, from the relationship with the taste of the green tea extract to be added, even if the catechin concentration is increased, the combination of the semi-fermented tea Toryu tea and the fermented tea black tea reduces the catechin astringency, The palatability is excellent and preferable. The content of catechins in the total polyphenol in the packaged beverage is 10% by weight or more, preferably 20% by weight or more immediately after production.
[0014]
The GLUT4 expression promoter of the present invention is such a catechin, but it is effective in preventing and improving a wide range of diabetes, hyperinsulinemia and insulin resistance by combining with other beverage components such as fruit juice. A catechin-containing container-packed beverage can be provided. For example, it can also be suitably added to carbonated beverages that are soft drinks, beverages containing fruit extracts, juices containing vegetable extracts, near water, sports beverages, diet beverages, and the like.
[0015]
The pH of the beverage containing the GLUT4 expression promoter is preferably 3 to 7, preferably 4 to 7, particularly 5 to 7 at 25 ° C. from the viewpoint of taste and chemical stability of catechins.
[0016]
In a packaged beverage containing the GLUT4 expression promoter of the present invention, antioxidants, fragrances, various esters, organic acids, organic acid salts, inorganic acids, inorganic acid salts, and pigments can be added as prescription ingredients. , Additives such as emulsifiers, preservatives, seasonings, sweeteners, acidulants, fruit juice extracts, vegetable extracts, nectar extracts, pH adjusters, quality stabilizers, etc. may be used alone or in combination. . Further, it may be used in combination with other components effective for preventing / ameliorating diabetes, preventing / improving hyperinsulinemia, and preventing / ameliorating insulin resistance. In addition to the ingredients used in beverages, foods, and pharmaceuticals, the formulation composition is combined with other ingredients that are effective in preventing and improving diabetes, preventing and improving hyperinsulinemia, and preventing and improving insulin resistance. May be.
In addition, the GLUT4 expression promoting agent of the present invention includes sugar absorption inhibitors such as amylase inhibitors, glucosidase inhibitors, sucrase inhibitors, glucose transport pathway inhibitors, and other sugar absorption inhibitors and foods that suppress postprandial hyperglycemia. You may use a fiber together.
[0017]
When drinking as a container-packed beverage, the container used is a molded container (so-called PET bottle) mainly composed of polyethylene terephthalate, a metal can, paper combined with a metal foil or a plastic film in the same manner as a general beverage. It can be provided in a normal form such as a container or bottle. The term “packaged beverage” as used herein means a beverage that can be drunk without dilution.
Moreover, the container-packed drink of this invention is manufactured on the sterilization conditions prescribed | regulated to the food hygiene law, for example, when it can heat-sterilize after filling a container like a metal can. For PET bottles and paper containers that cannot be sterilized by retort, sterilize under the same conditions as above, for example, after sterilizing at high temperature and short time with a plate heat exchanger, etc. The method is adopted. Moreover, you may mix | blend another component with the filled container under aseptic conditions. Furthermore, after sterilization by heating under acidic conditions, the pH may be returned to neutrality under aseptic conditions, or after sterilization by heating under neutral conditions, the pH may be returned to acidic conditions under aseptic conditions.
[0018]
【Example】
Example 1 GLUT4 expression promoting effect of catechins
C57BL / 6J mice (male, 7 weeks old, 5 mice in each group) normal diet containing 5% by weight of triglyceride, high-fat sucrose diet containing 30% by weight of triglyceride and 13% by weight of sucrose, and potato starch of this high-fat sucrose diet A catechin-containing food replaced with 0.5% by weight of catechins having the composition shown in Table 1 instead of 0.5% by weight was freely ingested. One month later, the mouse was dissected and the coating was collected. Total RNA was extracted as follows and subjected to Northern blot.
[0019]
[Table 1]
Figure 0004324335
[0020]
Total RNA was purified using Isogen (Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.). The resulting RNA (20 μg / lane) was agarose electrophoresed, transferred to Hybond-N + (Amersham) nylon membrane, and UV-fixed to prepare a filter. did. Then prehybridization solution (50 wt% formamide, 5 × SSPE, 0.5 wt% sodium dodecyl sulfate, 10 wt% Denhardt's solution, 40mg / mL denatured salmon sperm DNA ) at 42 after subjected to 6 hours prehybridization at ° C. 32 P-labeled GLUT4 probe was added and allowed to hybridize at 42 ° C. for 15-18 hours. The filter was washed with 2 × SSC / 0.1 wt% sodium dodecyl sulfate at room temperature and then washed with 0.1 wt% SSC / 0.1 wt% sodium dodecyl sulfate at 50 ° C. The obtained filter was subjected to autoradiography using a BAS2000 bioimage analyzer (Fuji Film), and the radioactivity of each band was measured. Similarly, 36B4 RNA was also hybridized as a control gene, and the radioactivity of GLUT4 mRNA was corrected with the radioactivity of 36B4 RNA to obtain the respective expression levels. The cDNA probes are PCR amplification products of GLUT4 (Genbank AB008453, nt 74-1122) and 36B4 (Genbank X15267, nt 97-860), Ready-To-Go DNA labeling beads (Amersham) and 32 P-dCTP (Amersham). It was labeled with and used.
[0021]
The results are shown in Table 2.
Catechins were excellent in promoting GLUT4 expression in muscle.
[0022]
[Table 2]
Figure 0004324335
[0023]
Example 2
Dietary obesity / diabetes model mice (C57BL / 6J mice: male, 7 weeks old, 5 mice per group) used in Example 1, normal diet, high-fat sucrose diet and catechin-containing diet (for carbohydrates) Catechins (containing 1.2% by weight) were freely ingested for 10 months. Glucose tolerance was evaluated by an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT: Glucose tolerance test).
After fasting for 12 hours, glucose (3 mg / g body weight) was orally administered, blood was collected from the tail vein over time, and blood glucose level was measured. For blood glucose measurement, a simple blood glucose meter (glucose dehydrogenase / potential difference measurement method, manufactured by Roche Diagnostick) was used.
Simultaneously with blood glucose measurement, blood was collected from the tail vein using a heparin-treated hematocrit capillary tube (75 mm, DRUMMOND SCIENTIFIC CO.). Plasma was collected by centrifugation at about 11000 r / min for 5 minutes, and the insulin concentration was measured by the EIA method (insulin measurement kit: manufactured by Morinaga Bioscience Institute).
[0024]
The results are shown in FIGS.
In the high-fat sucrose diet intake group, the blood glucose level after oral administration of glucose was significantly higher than that in the normal diet intake group until 2 hours after glucose load, and glucose tolerance was deteriorated. In addition, the insulin level before oral administration of glucose was significantly higher than that of the normal diet intake group, indicating hyperinsulinemia.
On the other hand, in the catechin-containing food intake group, the increase in blood glucose level was significantly suppressed, and glucose tolerance was improved. At the same time, the hyperinsulinemia seen in the high-fat sucrose diet group was also improved, and insulin resistance was improved.
[0025]
In addition, it was confirmed by the following test that this bait composition (containing 1.2% by weight of catechins relative to carbohydrates) has no sugar absorption inhibitory action due to digestive enzyme inhibition or absorption pathway inhibition.
C57BL / 6J mice (male, 9 weeks old, 5 mice in each group, 7 hours fast) were orally administered with catechins (Table 1) and carbohydrates (starch 2.85 mg + sucrose 1.3 mg / g body weight) simultaneously. The catechins were set to 1.2% by weight with respect to the carbohydrate. Blood samples were collected from the tail vein before and after oral administration, and blood glucose was measured using a simple blood glucose meter (glucose dehydrogenase / potential difference measurement method, manufactured by Roche Diagnostic).
The result is shown in FIG.
As shown in FIG. 3, the bait composition used for the promotion of GLUT4 expression and the effect of improving glucose tolerance (1.2% by weight of catechins relative to carbohydrates) did not show the effect of suppressing sugar absorption.
[0026]
Example 3 Effect of catechins on type 2 diabetes model mice Genetic type 2 diabetes model mice (C57BL / KsJ-db / db Jcl mice, female, 6 weeks old, 8 mice in each group) were mixed with 10% by weight of triglyceride and sucrose. High sucrose diet containing 13% by weight, 0.5% by weight of potato starch of this high sucrose diet was replaced with 0.5% by weight of catechin group (Table 1) (containing 1.0% by weight of catechins relative to carbohydrates) A high-sucrose catechin food was freely consumed for 4 weeks. Glucose tolerance was evaluated by oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT).
After fasting for 12 hours, glucose (1 mg / g body weight) was orally administered, and blood was collected over time from the tail vein using a heparin-treated hematocrit capillary (75 mm, DRUMMOND SCIENTIFIC CO.). Plasma was collected by centrifuging at about 11000 rpm for 5 minutes, and the glucose concentration in the plasma was measured by the mutarose GOD method (glucose II-Test Wako: Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.).
The result is shown in FIG.
As shown in FIG. 4, in the high-sucrose catechin food intake group, an increase in blood glucose level after oral administration of glucose was significantly suppressed, and glucose tolerance was excellent.
[0027]
It should be noted that this bait composition (containing 1.0% by weight of catechins relative to carbohydrates) has no sugar absorption inhibitory action due to digestive enzyme inhibition or absorption pathway inhibition in the same manner as in Test Example 2 as follows. I confirmed.
C57BL / KsJ-db / db Jcl mice (female, 9 weeks old, 5 animals in each group, 7 hours fast) orally with catechins (Table 1) and carbohydrates (starch 2.85mg + sucrose 1.3mg / g body weight) did. Catechin was set to 2.4% with respect to carbohydrates. Blood was collected from the tail vein using a heparinized hematocrit capillary (75 mm, DRUMMOND SCIENTIFIC CO.) Before and after oral administration. Plasma was collected by centrifuging at about 11000 r / min for 5 minutes, and the glucose concentration in the plasma was measured by the Mutarose-GOD method (glucose II-Test Wako: Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.).
The result is shown in FIG.
As shown in FIG. 5, 2.4% by weight of catechins with respect to carbohydrates, that is, 1.4 from the composition of baits used for promoting GLUT4 expression and improving glucose tolerance (containing 1.0% by weight of catechins with respect to carbohydrates) Even when the catechin concentration was high by weight%, the sugar absorption inhibitory effect was not observed.
[0028]
Example 4
A packaged beverage having the composition shown in Table 3 was produced.
[0029]
[Table 3]
Figure 0004324335
[0030]
* 1 33 g of Toryu tea leaves added to 1 kg of ion-exchanged water heated to 85 ° C, extracted for 8 minutes, and then filtered through a flannel filter cloth while cooling with a heat exchanger.
* 2 Concentrate A of tea extract A catechin content 33 wt%, non-epimer content 4 wt% (Mitsui Norin Co., Ltd.)
B 33% catechin content, 14% non-epi content
C Catechin content 30% by weight, non-epimer content 3% by weight (Mitsui Norin Co., Ltd.)
D Catechin content 30% by weight, non-epimer content 14% by weight
* 3 Inventions 1 and 2, Comparative 1 and 2 were prepared with citric acid / disodium phosphate, Invention 3 and Comparative 3 were prepared with citric acid, and Invention 4 was prepared with sodium bicarbonate.
* 4 10 seconds (pass through degassing line before sterilization process)
[0031]
Inventive products 1 to 4 are container-packed beverages having high palatability and having an effect of promoting GLUT4 expression.
[0032]
Example 5
In a clean bench, 100 g of tea leaves listed in Table 3 were extracted with 1000 g of distilled water at a temperature of 80 ° C. for 10 minutes to prepare a filtered tea extract. Next, the components in Table 4 were mixed, degassed, heat-treated at 139 ° C. for 10 seconds, and then filled into a 500 mL plastic bottle to produce a container-packed beverage.
[0033]
[Table 4]
Figure 0004324335
[0034]
It was a packaged beverage with good throat when drunk, high palatability, and an effect of promoting GLUT4 expression.
[0035]
Example 6
The packaged beverage shown in Table 5 was produced.
[0036]
[Table 5]
Figure 0004324335
[0037]
Five men (fasting blood glucose level 105-130 mg / dL) were allowed to drink 500 mL each day, and the effect of this beverage was measured after 3 months.
As a result, 4 out of 5 people highly evaluated the drinking feeling of this beverage. In addition, the blood glucose level also showed a tendency to decrease overall, and the beverage according to the present invention was highly palatable and excellent in effectiveness.
[0038]
【The invention's effect】
The GLUT4 expression promoter of the present invention and the container-packed beverage containing it promptly absorb glucose in the absorbed blood rather than controlling blood sugar by inhibiting sugar absorption such as inhibition of carbohydrate digestive enzymes and transport pathways from the intestinal tract. By incorporating into cells, blood sugar level can be controlled, and it is possible to suppress a rapid increase in blood sugar after sugar intake without taking it at the same time as eating, which is useful for the prevention and improvement of diabetes.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a graph showing changes in blood glucose level after oral administration of glucose.
FIG. 2 is a graph showing changes in plasma insulin concentration after oral administration of glucose.
FIG. 3 shows changes in blood glucose level after oral administration of carbohydrates.
FIG. 4 is a graph showing changes in blood glucose level after oral administration of glucose.
FIG. 5 shows changes in blood glucose level after oral administration of carbohydrates.

Claims (2)

カテキンガレート、ガロカテキンガレート、エピカテキンガレート及びエピガロカテキンガレートを有効成分とするグルコーストランスポーター4発現促進剤。Glucose transporter 4 expression promoter containing catechin gallate, gallocatechin gallate, epicatechin gallate and epigallocatechin gallate as active ingredients . (A)カテキンガレート及びガロカテキンガレートと(B)エピカテキンガレート及びエピガロカテキンガレートとを、(A)/(B)(重量比)=0.25〜9.0の割合で飲料中に溶解している請求項1記載のグルコーストランスポーター4発現促進剤。 (A) Catechin gallate and gallocatechin gallate and (B) epicatechin gallate and epigallocatechin gallate are dissolved in the beverage at a ratio of (A) / (B) (weight ratio) = 0.25 to 9.0. The glucose transporter 4 expression promoter according to claim 1.
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US8071143B2 (en) * 2008-04-02 2011-12-06 Brandeis University Methods for the treatment or prevention of diabetes mellitus and other metabolic imbalances
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