JP4323556B1 - hammer - Google Patents

Abstract

Even if a composite structure in which an impact absorbing material is embedded is not used, it is difficult to be deformed to the same extent as when the composite structure is used. Provide a hammer with
A hammer 1 according to the present invention has a striking portion 5 with 4.5 to 9.5 mass% antimony, 2.5 to 6.0 mass% cadmium, and 0.2 to 2.5 mass%. % Of copper and a tin alloy containing 0.3 to 2.5% by mass of potassium.
[Selection] Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to a hammer having a metal striking portion.

  The hammer used for assembling, disassembling and adjusting machine products does not damage the machine parts or make dents on the machine parts. For example, copper (Cu) or aluminum (Al) In general, it is formed of a metal such as lead (Pb) or a resin. Especially, the hammer which formed the hit | damage part with lead and copper is excellent also in the hit feeling transmitted to an operator's hand when hit | damaging, in addition to being excellent in the said characteristic. However, the lead or copper striking part is greatly deformed when it is repeatedly struck, and in particular the problem is that the perimeter of the striking surface is greatly swollen to the outside, or the swollen part is damaged and the fragments are easily scattered. is there.

  For example, when various white metals stipulated in Japanese Industrial Standard JIS H5401: 1958 “White Metal” are used, it is more difficult to deform while maintaining the same good hit feeling as that of the lead or copper. It is known that a striking part can be formed. However, although the hitting parts made of white metal are harder to deform than those made of lead or copper, if the hitting is repeated, the perimeter of the hitting surface bulges outward or the swollen part breaks and the fragments are broken. There is a problem of scattering.

In Patent Document 1, when an impact portion is formed by casting a white metal around the glass fiber aggregate as a core, the core functions as an impact absorber, and deformation of the impact portion made of white metal It is described that can be suppressed.
JP-A-8-1547

  The object of the present invention is that it is difficult to be deformed to the same extent as that described in Patent Document 1 without adopting a composite structure in which an impact absorbing material is embedded, and moreover, when the composite structure is adopted, Another object of the present invention is to provide a hammer having a striking portion that is hard to deform.

  The present invention comprises 4.5 to 9.5% by weight of antimony, 2.5 to 6.0% by weight of cadmium, 0.2 to 2.5% by weight of copper, and 0.3 to 2.5%. A hammer comprising a striking portion made of a tin alloy containing mass% potassium. In the present invention, the striking part is made of a tin alloy based on soft tin, so that the striking part has good characteristics such as not damaging mechanical parts, etc. Can maintain a good shot feeling.

  In addition, antimony that functions as a thermosetting agent and works to stress-harden tin alloys, cadmium that works to make tin alloys sticky, copper that gives tin alloys flexibility, and oxidation of copper, etc. By containing potassium at a predetermined ratio, it is possible to prevent the hitting portion from being deformed by hitting, and even when it is deformed, it is possible to prevent damage to the swollen portion due to the deformation. it can.

  According to the present invention, based on the composition of the tin alloy that forms the striking portion, the composite structure is not easily deformed to the same extent as the case where the composite structure described above is employed, and the composite structure is employed. In this case, it is possible to provide a hammer having a hitting portion that is more difficult to deform.

The hammer of the present invention comprises tin (Sn) as a main component, 4.5 to 9.5% by mass of antimony (Sb), 2.5 to 6.0% by mass of cadmium (Cd), 0.2 It has a striking part made of a tin alloy containing -2.5 mass% copper (Cu) and 0.3-2.5 mass% potassium (K).
In the tin alloy, when the content of antimony is less than 4.5% by mass, the antimony described above functions as a thermosetting agent, stress-hardens the tin alloy, and the striking portion is deformed by striking. The effect of making it difficult is not obtained. On the other hand, when the content ratio of antimony exceeds 9.5% by mass, the function as a thermosetting agent by the antimony becomes too strong, and the content ratio of tin is relatively decreased. It becomes brittle, and the effect of preventing breakage of the swollen portion due to deformation is not obtained.

  In addition, the hitting portion becomes too hard, and there is a possibility that the mechanical parts and the like are damaged by the hitting, the hittings are made on the mechanical parts and the hit feeling is lowered. The antimony content ratio is the effect of making the tin alloy stress hardened by functioning as a thermosetting agent by the antimony, and making the hitting part difficult to be deformed by hitting, or the part of the hitting part that is swollen by deformation is damaged. In consideration of further improving the effect of preventing this, it is preferably 7.0 to 9.5% by mass, particularly preferably 7.9 to 8.4% by mass, even within the above range.

  Moreover, if the content rate of cadmium is less than 2.5 mass%, the effect which makes a tin alloy sticky by the said cadmium and makes a hit | damage part hard to deform | transform by hit | damage is not acquired. In addition, since the stickiness of the tin alloy decreases, the hitting portion becomes brittle, and the effect of preventing the portion of the hitting portion that is swollen by deformation from being damaged cannot be obtained. On the other hand, when the content ratio of cadmium exceeds 6.0% by mass, the content ratio of tin becomes relatively small, so that the hitting portion becomes rather brittle and swells due to deformation of the hitting portion. The effect of preventing the portion from being damaged cannot be obtained.

  In addition, the hitting portion becomes too hard, and there is a possibility that the mechanical parts and the like are damaged by the hitting, the hittings are made on the mechanical parts and the hit feeling is lowered. In addition, the content ratio of cadmium is an effect of causing the tin alloy to stick to the cadmium and making the hitting part difficult to be deformed by hitting, and preventing the damaged part of the hitting part from being swollen by deformation. In view of further improving the ratio, it is preferably 3.5 to 6.0% by mass, particularly 3.5 to 4.4% by mass, even within the above range.

  When the copper content is less than 0.2% by mass, the effect of imparting flexibility to the tin alloy by the copper cannot be obtained. Therefore, the hitting portion becomes brittle, and the effect of preventing the portion of the hitting portion that is swollen by deformation from being damaged cannot be obtained. On the other hand, when the copper content exceeds 2.5% by mass, the hitting portion becomes too soft, and the deformation when the hitting is repeated becomes large, and the swelled portion due to the deformation tends to be damaged. The content ratio of copper is 1.0 to 2 even within the above range in consideration of further improving the effect of imparting flexibility to the tin alloy by the copper while preventing the hitting portion from becoming too soft. 0.5% by mass, particularly 1.0 to 1.6% by mass is preferred.

  When the content ratio of potassium is less than 0.3% by mass, the effect of preventing oxidation of copper or the like by the potassium cannot be obtained. For this reason, the effect of imparting flexibility to the tin alloy due to copper, etc., is reduced and the striking part becomes brittle, and the effect of preventing the part of the striking part that is swollen by deformation from being damaged cannot be obtained. On the other hand, when the content ratio of potassium exceeds 2.5% by mass, the hitting portion becomes brittle, and the effect of preventing the portion of the hitting portion that is swollen by deformation from being damaged cannot be obtained. The content ratio of potassium is 0.8 to 2.5% by mass, particularly 0.8 to 1.8% even within the above range, considering that the effect of preventing oxidation of copper and the like by potassium is further improved. It is preferable that it is mass%.

  The tin alloy may contain at least one of sodium (Na), aluminum, lead, iron (Fe) and the like in a trace range that does not impair the characteristics, for example, in a range of 0.15% by mass or less. Furthermore, in the range of 0.1% by mass or less, zinc (Zn), chromium (Cr), manganese (Mn), arsenic (As), bismuth (Bi), silicon (Si), chlorine (Cl), nickel (Ni ), Sulfur (S), phosphorus (P), or the like. The tin content may be a remaining amount obtained by subtracting the content of each component from the total amount of the tin alloy, and the specific range is not particularly limited, but is about 79.5 to 94% by mass. Is preferred.

  The hammer of the present invention can be configured in the same manner as in the prior art except that the striking portion is formed of the tin alloy. FIG. 1 is an enlarged sectional view showing the vicinity of a hitting portion as a main portion in an example of an embodiment of the hammer of the present invention. With reference to FIG. 1, the hammer 1 in this example is configured by fixing a striking portion 5 to both ends of a head attachment portion 3 attached to the tip of a handle 2 via a cradle 4. Of the above, the cradle 4 is fixed to the head mounting portion 3 by roll pins 6.

  As described above, the striking portion 5 is integrally formed of the tin alloy. The striking portions 5 on both sides of the head mounting portion 3 may both be formed of a tin alloy, or only one of them is formed of the tin alloy, and the other is formed of a tin alloy such as a resin or high-hardness steel. May be formed of materials having different hardnesses. Although not shown, the striking portion 5 made of the tin alloy may be provided only on one side of the head mounting portion 3.

  The striking part 5 made of the tin alloy, for example, in a state where the cradle 4 is fixed to a mold corresponding to the shape of the striking part 5, the molten tin alloy is poured, cooled, and solidified by being cooled. (Casting method). At this time, although not shown in the drawing, a protrusion for preventing the hitting part 5 from being detached or a pin protrudingly provided at an arbitrary position of the receiving base 4, the receiving base 4 and the hitting part 5. Are fixed to each other. Further, the cradle 4 and the striking part 5 formed separately may be fixed to each other later by a roll pin or the like (assembly method).

  The hammer 1 in the example of FIG. 1 is a component that does not incorporate the shock absorber, as compared with the conventional hammer described above, in which a hammering portion made of white metal having a composite structure in which the shock absorber is embedded is formed. Although the structure is simple, the striking part 5 is made of the tin alloy, so that the striking part 5 has the same degree as that of the conventional example, as is apparent from the results of the examples described later. It can be made difficult to deform. Therefore, it is possible to simplify the entire structure of the hammer while maintaining good performance.

  FIG. 2 is an enlarged sectional view showing the vicinity of a hitting portion as a main portion in another example of the embodiment of the hammer of the present invention. Referring to FIG. 2, the hammer 1 of this example is configured by fixing a striking portion 5 via a cradle 4 at both ends of a head mounting portion 3 attached to the tip of a handle 2. The cradle 4 is fixed to the head mounting portion 3 by roll pins 6. The configuration so far is the same as the example of FIG. The difference between the hammer of the example of FIG. 2 and the previous example is that the impact absorbing material 7 is embedded in the striking portion 5.

  As the shock absorbing material 7, for example, rubber (natural rubber, urethane rubber, etc.), resin (nylon, etc.), cork, lumber, lead, copper, titanium (Ti), etc. Etc. When the impact absorbing material 7 is embedded in the striking portion 5, the impact absorbing material 7 absorbs the impact at the time of striking, the rebound of the striking portion 5 is reduced, and the deformation can be further suppressed. Among the above, a lump of metal, an aggregate of glass fibers, and the like are placed at predetermined positions in the mold when the molten tin alloy is poured into the mold to form the striking portion 5 by the casting method described above. By arranging in advance, it can be embedded in the hitting portion 5 to be formed.

  In addition, the metal lump, the aggregate of glass fibers, or the lump of rubber, resin, cork, timber, etc. are inserted into the hole of the striking portion 5 in which holes for embedding them are formed in advance. The cradle 4 and the striking part 5 can be embedded in the striking part 5 by assembling the striking part 4 and the striking part 5 by the assembly method described above so as to close the hole. The hammer 1 in the example of FIG. 2 makes the hitting part 5 more difficult to deform due to the synergistic effect of embedding the shock absorbing material 7 and forming the hitting part 5 with the tin alloy. be able to.

  The configuration of the hammer of the present invention is not limited to the example of the figure described above. For example, as an overall configuration of the hammer, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, in addition to a normal hammer having striking portions 5 at both ends or one end of a head mounting portion 3 attached to the tip of the handle 2, a gripping portion A hammer with a hammering portion provided with a hitting part at both ends or one end of the cylinder, a cylinder provided with a hitting part at the tip, and a slide hammer provided so as to be able to be inserted into and removed from the cylinder, and hitting the hitting part While the slide hammer is guided by the cylinder while being in contact with an object, it is possible to adopt a configuration such as a slide hammer that hits the hit object by the hitting part by colliding with the hitting part from behind. .

  FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of a sliding hammer. Referring to FIG. 3, the hammer 1 of this example has a cylinder 13 provided with a striking portion 5 at one end via a cradle 4, and a slide hammer provided so as to be inserted into and removed from the cylinder 13. 14. The striking part 5 has a contact surface 5a to the cradle 4 and a striking surface 5b facing away from the contact surface 5a, and the cradle 4 has a receiving surface 4a for receiving the contact surface 5a. At the same time, a protrusion 8 protruding from the receiving surface 4a in the direction of the striking surface 5b is provided.

  The protrusion 8 protrudes from the substantially center of the receiving surface 4a in the direction of the striking surface 5b with the surrounding side surface 15 orthogonal to the receiving surface 4a. A through hole 16 is formed at a position in the middle of the protruding direction of the protruding portion 8 so as to penetrate between the two side surfaces 15 facing away from each other, and a roll pin 17 is inserted into the through hole 16, and its own elasticity. Are fixed to each other so that both ends thereof are protruded laterally outward from the two side surfaces 15 so as not to reach the outer periphery of the striking portion 5, and are engaged. A protrusion 18 is formed. A distance d is set between the engagement protrusion 18 and the receiving surface 4a.

  The striking portion 5 includes a close contact surface 19 that is in close contact with the entire side surface 15 of the protruding portion 8, and a locking recess 20 that is provided on the close contact surface 19 and engages with an engagement protrusion 18. With the striking portion 5 and the cradle 4 in contact with the contact surface 5a and the receiving surface 4a, and the side surface 15 and the close contact surface 19 of the protruding portion 8, the engaging protrusion 18 and the locking recess 20 Are fixed to each other by engagement. In addition, the engaging protrusion 18 may be protruded to a plurality of side surfaces other than the two side surfaces 15 facing away from each other by planting a plurality of roll pins 17 on the protruding portion 8. Thereby, the hit | damage part 5 and the receiving stand 4 can be fixed still more firmly.

In the case of the example shown in the figure, the striking portion 5 is integrally formed of the previously described tin alloy, but the shock absorbing material 7 may be embedded therein as in the case of FIG. . As the shock absorbing material 7, for example, rubber (natural rubber, urethane rubber, etc.), resin (nylon, etc.), cork, lumber, lead, copper, titanium (Ti), etc. Etc.
An annular protrusion 9 is formed on the periphery of the receiving surface 4a of the receiving table 4 so as to surround the receiving surface 4a. The cradle 4 has a mounting surface 24 facing away from the receiving surface 4a, and includes a protrusion 25 protruding from the mounting surface 24 in a direction opposite to the striking surface 5b. Further, a through hole 10 is formed at a position of the protruding portion 25 in the protruding direction. The cylinder 13 is inserted into a cylindrical main body 26 whose one end is in contact with the mounting surface 24, and an end of the main body 26 on the mounting surface 24 side. And a bottomed cylindrical impact transmission body 27 for transmitting the impact from the slide hammer 14 to the cradle 4.

  The main body 26, the impact transmission body 27, and the cradle 4 are configured such that the protruding portion 25 of the cradle 4 is inserted into the cylinder of the impact transmission body 27 and one end of the main body 26 and the impact transmission body 27 is connected to the cradle 4. In a state of being in contact with the mounting surface 24, the roll pin 28 and the like are inserted into the through hole 10 and the through hole 12 communicating with the through hole 10 to be fixed to each other, whereby the cylinder 13 is configured. A lid 30 is detachably attached to the opposite end surface of the main body 26 via a screw portion 29. You may fix between the lid | cover 30 and the cylinder 13 with the hexagonal hole setscrew etc. which are not shown in figure as a locking prevention of the screw part 29. FIG. The lid 30 is formed with a through-hole 33 through which the spindle 31 of the slide hammer 14 passes but not through the main body 32 having a larger outer diameter than the spindle 31, thereby preventing the slide hammer 14 from coming off. Yes.

  The slide hammer 14 includes a main body 32 coupled to one end of the support shaft 31 and its impact transmission body 27 by a roll pin 34, and the other end of the support shaft 31 outside the through hole 33 by a roll pin 35. And a coupled handle 36. Further, the handle 36 includes a shaft body 37 coupled to the support shaft 31 by the roll pin 35 and a grip 38 made of, for example, resin or rubber, which is externally inserted into the shaft body 37. The grip 38 has, for example, an elliptical cross section so that it can be easily gripped.

  According to the hammer 1 in the example shown in the drawing including the above-described parts, it is difficult or impossible to work with a normal hammer, for example, at the back of a hole, at the back of a complicated machine, or at the back of rubble at the time of a disaster such as an earthquake. The cylinder 13 is inserted into the place, and the slide hammer 14 is inserted into and removed from the cylinder 13 with the striking portion 5 at the tip applied to the member to which the impact is applied. It is possible to strike the member through the impact transmission body 27, the cradle 4 and the striking portion 5.

  In any of the above-described hammers, deformation can be suppressed by forming the striking portion with the tin alloy. In addition, various design changes can be made without departing from the scope of the present invention.

(Examples 1 and 2 and Comparative Example 1)
A tin alloy containing tin as a main component and including the respective components shown in Table 1 is prepared. Using the tin alloy, the striking part 5 having the shape shown in FIG. It was formed integrally. The striking part 5 was 30 mm in length and 47 mm in diameter in the striking direction. In Example 1 and Comparative Example 1, aluminum, lead, iron, silicon and the like were detected as other components.

(Comparative Examples 2 to 4)
In the same manner as in Example 1 except that lead (Comparative Example 2), copper (Comparative Example 3), or white metal (WJ4, Comparative Example 4) was used instead of the tin alloy, the striking part 5 4 and one.
(Blow test)
As shown in FIG. 4, the striking portion 5 formed integrally with the cradle 4 in Examples 1 and 2 and Comparative Examples 1 to 4 is attached to both ends of the head mounting portion 3 by the mounting structure described above. A test head 8 was prepared, and the head 8 was held by a holding tool 12 fixed to one end of a rope 11 hung around the fixed pulley 10 of the test apparatus 9 shown in FIG.

  The head 8 is pulled upward by lowering the other end of the rope 12 downward. The lifting position indicated by the solid line in the drawing and the head 8 is naturally dropped downward to hit the lower impact portion of the head 8. 5 is repeatedly moved up and down with a striking position (indicated by a two-dot chain line) which collides with the top surface of the anvil 13 as a striking object disposed below, and the striking portion 5 strikes the anvil 13. Changes in the length and diameter of the striking portion 5 in the striking direction when repeated were measured.

In addition, the collision energy of the striking part 5 to the anvil 13 is expressed by the formula (1):
E = W × h (1)
[W is the mass (kg) of the head 8 and h is the height h from the upper surface of the anvil 13 to the striking surface of one striking portion 5 of the head 8. ]
The total mass of the head 8 and the holder 12 is calculated so that the head 8 having the weight W adjusted to 1 kg is 3 times the collision energy E when the height h is set to 1 m. Although adjusted to 3 kg, the actual collision energy was 2 to 3.2 times the collision energy E due to the influence of the rotational resistance of the fixed pulley 10 and the influence of the variation in the height h. FIG. 5 shows the change in the length of the hitting portion in the hitting direction, and FIG. 6 shows the change in the diameter.

5 and 6, the striking part of Comparative Example 2 formed of lead was shortened to 7.5 mm and swelled to 73 mm in 200 hits, and the diameter was swollen to 73 mm. It turns out that it deforms greatly. Moreover, the hit | damage part of the comparative example 3 formed with copper is 400 times hit | damage
Since the length was shortened to 8 mm and the diameter swelled to 71 mm, it was found that the material was greatly deformed by repeated slight hits. Furthermore, the striking part of Comparative Example 4 formed of white metal was striking 800 times, the length was shortened to 11 mm, and the diameter was swollen to 72 mm. It was found that it was greatly deformed by repeating.

  On the other hand, it was confirmed that the striking portions of Examples 1 and 2 and Comparative Example 1 formed of the tin alloy of Table 1 are less likely to be deformed by repeated striking as compared to Comparative Examples 2 to 4. It was. However, the striking part of Comparative Example 1 in which the cadmium content was 1.0% by mass was shortened to 12.5 mm when the impact was repeated 2500 times and swelled to 67.5 mm in diameter. From the above, it was found that the lead was deformed by repeated hitting, although not as much as lead, copper and white metal. Moreover, when the hit | damage part after repeating hit | damaged 2500 times was observed, it was confirmed that the part swelled by deformation | transformation was damaged.

  On the other hand, the striking part of Examples 1 and 2 in which the cadmium content is 3.7% by mass or more can only be shortened to 19 to 24 mm even when repeated striking 2500 times, and the diameter is 50 to 50- Since it swelled only to 55 mm, it was confirmed that it was particularly difficult to be deformed by repeated hitting as compared with Comparative Examples 1 to 4. Moreover, even if the hit | damage part after repeating the hit | damage of 2500 times was observed, the damage was not looked at by the part swelled by deformation | transformation.

  Moreover, the result of the change of the length and diameter of the striking part of Examples 1 and 2 is the result of striking 2500 times (length: about 21 mm, diameter) in the implementation product shown in FIG. : About 52 mm), according to the present invention, the composite structure described in Patent Document 1 is not adopted, and the same effect can be obtained only by using the tin alloy instead of white metal. It was also confirmed that it was obtained.

(Examples 3 and 4, Comparative Examples 5 to 7)
The striking portion 5 was formed integrally with the cradle 4 in the same manner as in Example 1 except that a tin alloy containing each component shown in Table 2 was used. As other components, aluminum, lead, iron, sodium and the like were detected. Using the striking part 5 formed integrally with the cradle 4 in Examples 3 and 4 and Comparative Examples 5 to 7, the previous striking test was performed. FIG. 7 shows the change in length of the hitting portion in the hitting direction, and FIG. 8 shows the change in diameter.

  7 and 8, the striking part of Comparative Examples 5 and 6 in which the cadmium content is less than 2.5% by mass is shortened to 13 to 14 mm when the striking is repeated 2500 times, and the diameter is reduced. Swelled to 65-67 mm, and it was found that the same deformation as Comparative Example 1 was caused by repeated hitting. Moreover, when the hit | damage part after repeating hit | damaged 2500 times was observed, it was confirmed that the part swelled by deformation | transformation was damaged. On the other hand, the striking part of Comparative Example 7 in which the content ratio of cadmium exceeds 6.0 mass% shows the same transition in length and diameter as in Example 4 when the striking is repeated. It was found that the swollen portion was damaged by the 1300th impact in the middle of the impact test, and the impact could not be continued any further.

  On the other hand, the striking part of Examples 3 and 4 in which the cadmium content was 2.5 to 6.0% by mass had a length of 15 to 23 mm and a diameter of 52 to 52 when repeated striking 2500 times. It was 60 mm, and it was found that it was difficult to deform compared to Comparative Examples 5 and 6. Moreover, when the hit | damage part after repeating the hit | damage 2500 times was observed, the damage was not looked at by the part swelled by deformation | transformation.

(Comparative Examples 8 to 10)
The striking portion 5 was formed integrally with the cradle 4 in the same manner as in Example 1 except that a tin alloy containing each component shown in Table 3 was used. As other components, aluminum, lead, iron, sodium and the like were detected. Using the striking part 5 formed integrally with the cradle 4 in Comparative Examples 8 to 10, the previous striking test was performed. FIG. 9 shows the change in the length of the hitting portion in the hitting direction, and FIG. 10 shows the change in the diameter together with the results of Examples 3 and 4, respectively.

  9 and 10, the striking part of Comparative Example 8 in which the copper and potassium content ratios were 0 mass% and Comparative Example 9 in which the copper content ratio was less than 0.2 mass% was repeated when the impact was repeated. Although the length and diameter show the same transitions as in Example 3, the portions swelled by the impact are comparative example 8 by the 750th impact in the middle of impact, and comparative example 9 by the 1000th impact, respectively. It was found that it was damaged and could not continue to hit. Further, the striking portion of Comparative Example 10 in which the copper content exceeds 2.5% by mass swells by striking although the length and diameter show the same transition as Example 4 when the striking is repeated. This part was damaged by the 1500th shot in the middle of the blow, and it was found that the blow could not be continued any further.

(Comparative Examples 11 and 12)
The striking portion 5 was formed integrally with the cradle 4 in the same manner as in Example 1 except that a tin alloy containing each component shown in Table 4 was used. As other components, aluminum, lead, iron, sodium and the like were detected. Using the striking part 5 formed integrally with the cradle 4 in the comparative examples 11 and 12, the previous striking test was performed. FIG. 11 shows the change in the length of the hitting portion in the hitting direction, and FIG. 12 shows the change in the diameter together with the results of Examples 3 and 4, respectively.

  From FIGS. 11 and 12, the striking portion of Comparative Example 11 in which the content ratio of potassium is less than 0.3% by mass shows the same transition as in Example 3 in length and diameter when repeated striking. The part swollen by the blow was damaged by the 1000th blow in the middle of the blow, and it was found that the blow could not be continued any further. Further, the striking portion of Comparative Example 12 in which the content ratio of potassium exceeds 2.5% by mass swells by striking although the length and diameter show the same transition as Example 4 when the striking is repeated. This part was damaged by the 1000th shot in the middle of the hitting, and it was found that the hitting could not be continued any further.

(Examples 5 and 6, Comparative Examples 13 and 14)
The striking portion 5 was formed integrally with the cradle 4 in the same manner as in Example 1 except that a tin alloy containing each component shown in Table 5 was used. As other components, aluminum, lead, iron, sodium and the like were detected. Using the striking part 5 formed integrally with the cradle 4 in Examples 5 and 6, the previous striking test was performed. FIG. 13 shows the change in the length of the hitting portion in the hitting direction, and FIG. 14 shows the change in the diameter.

  13 and 14, the striking portion of Comparative Example 13 in which the content ratio of antimony is less than 4.5 mass% is shortened to 13 mm when the hitting is repeated 2500 times and swells to 67 mm in diameter. Therefore, it turned out that it deform | transforms to the same level as the comparative example 1 by the repetition of a hit. Moreover, when the hit | damage part after repeating hit | damaged 2500 times was observed, it was confirmed that the part swelled by deformation | transformation was damaged. On the other hand, the striking part of Comparative Example 14 in which the content ratio of antimony exceeded 9.5% by mass showed the same transition as in Example 6 in length and diameter when repeated striking, but by striking. It was found that the swollen portion was damaged by the 1000th impact in the middle of the impact test, and the impact could not be continued any further.

  On the other hand, the hit | damage part of Examples 5 and 6 which made the content rate of antimony 4.5-9.5 mass% is 16-21 mm in length when repeating 2500 times, and a diameter is 53-. It was 58 mm, and it was found that it was difficult to deform as compared with Comparative Examples 13 and 14. Moreover, when the hit | damage part after repeating the hit | damage 2500 times was observed, the damage was not looked at by the part swelled by deformation | transformation.

(Example 7)
The striking portion 5 was formed integrally with the cradle 4 in the same manner as in Example 1 except that a tin alloy containing each component shown in Table 6 was used. As other components, aluminum, lead, iron, sodium and the like were detected.
(Example 8)
Using the tin alloy having the same composition as that used in Example 1, the striking part 5 having a hole for embedding the shock absorber 7 was formed in advance. Then, after the impact absorbing material 7 made of urethane rubber is inserted into the hole of the hitting part 5, the cradle 4 and the hitting part 5 are assembled so as to close the hole, and as shown in FIG. A combined body of the striking part 5 in which the absorbent 7 was embedded and the cradle 4 was obtained.

  Using the striking part 5 formed integrally with the cradle 4 in Examples 7 and 8, the previous striking test was performed. FIG. 15 shows the change in the length of the hitting portion in the hitting direction, and FIG. 16 shows the change in the diameter.

  15 and 16, the hitting part 5 has an antimony content of 7.9 to 8.4% by mass, a cadmium content of 3.5 to 4.4% by mass, and a copper content of 1.0 to 1.0. It is formed by using an alloy having 1.6% by mass and potassium content of 0.8 to 1.8% by mass, or the striking part 5 has a composite structure in which an impact absorbing material 7 is embedded. Thus, it was confirmed that the deformation of the hitting part can be further suppressed, and the hitting part made of white metal having the same composite structure can be made more difficult to be deformed.

  The results of Examples 1 to 8 and Comparative Examples 1 and 5 to 14 are summarized in Tables 7 and 8.

It is sectional drawing which expands and shows the vicinity of the hit | damage part as a principal part in an example of embodiment of the hammer of this invention. It is sectional drawing which expands and shows the vicinity of the hit | damage part as a principal part in the other example of embodiment of the hammer of this invention. It is sectional drawing which shows the slide-type hammer as another example of embodiment of the hammer of this invention. It is a figure explaining the outline of the test device for hitting the hit | damage part formed in the Example and the comparative example repeatedly, and investigating the deformation | transformation. It is the graph which plotted the relationship between the frequency | count of a hit and the change of the length of the said hit | damage part at the time of hit | damaging the hit | damage part formed in Example 1, 2 and Comparative Examples 1-4 repeatedly. It is the graph which plotted the relationship between the frequency | count of a hit and the change of the diameter of the said hit | damage part at the time of hit | damaging the hit | damage part formed in Example 1, 2 and Comparative Examples 1-4 repeatedly. It is the graph which plotted the relationship between the frequency | count of a hit and the change of the length of the hit | damage part at the time of hit | damaging the hit | damage part formed in Example 3, 4 and Comparative Examples 5-7 repeatedly. It is the graph which plotted the relationship between the frequency | count of a hit and the change of the diameter of the said hit | damage part at the time of hit | damaging the hit | damage part formed in Example 3, 4 and Comparative Examples 5-7 repeatedly. It is the graph which plotted the relationship between the frequency | count of a hit and the change of the length of the said hit | damage part at the time of hit | damaging the hit | damage part formed in Example 3, 4 and Comparative Examples 8-10 repeatedly. It is the graph which plotted the relationship between the frequency | count of a hit and the change of the diameter of the said hit | damage part at the time of hit | damaging the hit | damage part formed in Example 3, 4 and Comparative Examples 8-10 repeatedly. It is the graph which plotted the relationship between the frequency | count of a hit and the change of the length of the said hit | damage part at the time of hit | damaging the hit | damage part formed in Example 3, 4 and the comparative examples 11 and 12 repeatedly. It is the graph which plotted the relationship between the frequency | count of a hit and the change of the diameter of the said hit | damage part at the time of hit | damaging the hit | damage part formed in Example 3, 4 and Comparative Examples 11 and 12 repeatedly. It is the graph which plotted the relationship between the frequency | count of a hit and the change of the length of the said hit | damage part at the time of hit | damaging the hit | damage part formed in Examples 5 and 6 and Comparative Examples 13 and 14 repeatedly. It is the graph which plotted the relationship between the frequency | count of a hit and the change of the diameter of the said hit | damage part at the time of hit | damaging the hit | damage part formed in Examples 5 and 6 and Comparative Examples 13 and 14 repeatedly. It is the graph which plotted the relationship between the frequency | count of a hit and the change of the length of a hit | damage direction of the said hit | damage part at the time of hit | damaging the hit | damage part formed in Example 7 and 8 repeatedly. It is the graph which plotted the relationship between the frequency | count of a hit and the change of the diameter of the said hit | damage part at the time of hit | damaging the hit | damage part formed in Example 7 and 8 repeatedly.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Hammer 2 Handle 3 Head mounting part 4 Receiving base 5 Strike part 6 Roll pin 7 Shock absorber

Claims (4)

  4.5-9.5 wt% antimony, 2.5-6.0 wt% cadmium, 0.2-2.5 wt% copper, and 0.3-2.5 wt% potassium A hammer comprising a striking portion made of a tin alloy containing   The content ratio of antimony is 7.9 to 8.4 mass%, the content ratio of cadmium is 3.5 to 4.4 mass%, the content ratio of copper is 1.0 to 1.6 mass%, and the content ratio of potassium is The hammer according to claim 1, which is 0.8 to 1.8% by mass.   The hammer according to claim 1, wherein an impact absorbing material is embedded in the hitting portion.   A cylinder provided with a striking portion at the tip and a slide hammer provided so that it can be inserted into and removed from the cylinder, and the slide hammer is guided by the cylinder in a state where the striking portion is in contact with the hit object. The hammer according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the hammer is a slide-type hammer that hits the hit object by the hitting unit by colliding with the hitting unit from behind.

Images