JP4310153B2 - Grinding wheel dressing equipment - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a dressing equipment for dressing a grinding wheel of a surface grinder or the like.

  In the grinding process of workpieces with a surface grinder, etc., as the grinding is repeated, the abrasive wheel wears and falls off on the grinding wheel surface, and eventually the desired grinding performance cannot be obtained. It is necessary to perform so-called dressing (sharpening) at predetermined intervals, in which the binder is scraped and new abrasive grains are put on the surface. For the dressing of the grinding wheel, for example, an alumina-based WA grinding stone is used for the diamond grinding wheel.

Immediately after performing the dressing process, the amount of abrasive grains protruding on the grinding wheel surface of the grinding wheel is non-uniform, so that the ground surface of the ground workpiece becomes rough and has a predetermined quality. There are problems such as being difficult to obtain. Therefore, conventionally, after dressing the grinding wheel and before resuming the actual workpiece grinding, for example, grinding the dummy workpiece (hereinafter referred to as "STE"), etc., to uniformize the protruding amount of the abrasive grains (so-called crushing) (See, for example, Patent Document 1). As a result, stable grinding with fine surface roughness is possible immediately after resuming workpiece grinding, and in particular, poor grinding of soft workpieces such as aluminum materials can be prevented.
JP 2000-6019 A

  When performing grinding after dressing of a grinding wheel as in the past, the time allotted to grinding of actual workpieces in the processing process by a surface grinding machine etc. is not only the time required for grinding but also the time required for grinding. As a result, it was a major factor in reducing the efficiency of workpiece grinding. Further, since a dummy work is used in addition to the work for the product, there is a disadvantage that it is wasteful and high in cost.

In view of such a conventional problem, the present invention can reduce the ratio of processes other than work grinding in the processing process by a surface grinding machine or the like to improve work grinding efficiency as a whole, and further requires dressing. and to provide a dressing equipment of the grinding wheel which can reduce the cost.

The present invention includes a dressing tool having a rotatably supported and the dressing member parallel drive shaft around the grindstone axle for supporting the grinding wheel, moving the dressing member of the grinding wheel surface along the grinding surface of the grinding wheel In a grinding wheel dressing device comprising driving means for driving the dressing tool around the drive shaft so as to move in a direction different from the direction, the dressing tool is fixed to the drive shaft and substantially parallel to the grinding wheel surface. A plurality of dressing members disposed at intervals in the arc direction on an arc centered on the drive shaft of the support, and at least of the plurality of dressing members The dressing member at one end in the arc direction is a steel material that is in sliding contact with the grindstone surface, and the other dressing members are sharpened that are in sliding contact with the grindstone surface. A stone, the support of the steel comprises a steel fastener adjustably held in a direction substantially perpendicular to the grinding surface, the steel material fixture with the dressing grinding stone and two pair of adjacent said steel And is detachably fixed to the support body by a press-fit fixing member that is housed in a mounting notch formed at the outer edge of the steel plate and press-fitted between the steel material fixture and the adjacent sharpening grindstone. The means drives the support in a direction in which the sharpening stone and the steel material are in sliding contact with the grindstone surface at the time of dressing, and the steel material is at the end of the moving direction with respect to the sharpening stone at the end of the dressing process. Is.

  According to the present invention, sharpening and crushing of the grinding wheel can be performed substantially in parallel only by rotating the dressing tool a predetermined number of times by the driving means. As a result, the crushing process can be completed in approximately the same time as the conventional dressing process only, and the work occupies the processing process using a surface grinding machine, etc., compared to the case of performing the grinding after the dressing process. The ratio of processes other than grinding can be reduced to improve the work grinding efficiency as a whole, and the cost required for dressing can be reduced because a useless dummy work or the like is not required.

  In addition, since stable grinding with fine surface roughness is possible immediately after dressing, a grinding wheel having a smaller count (abrasive grain size) can be used as a grinding wheel in order to obtain the same grinding accuracy. As a result, the holding power of the abrasive grains by the binder is increased, making it difficult for the abrasive grains to fall off, extending the life of the grinding wheel and extending the dressing interval, thereby further improving the work grinding efficiency. Can be made.

Moreover, after being sharpened by the sharpening grindstone, it is crushed by the steel material, and more effective dressing becomes possible. Furthermore, the steel material can be easily adjusted in a direction substantially orthogonal to the grindstone surface.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. 1 to 6 illustrate a first embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 1, reference numeral 1 denotes a double-headed surface grinding machine, which includes a pair of upper and lower grinding wheels 2 and 2 and a dressing device 3.

  The upper and lower grinding wheels 2 and 2 are for grinding both surfaces of a workpiece (not shown) supplied between them at the same time, and are arranged in the vertical direction with the grinding wheel surfaces 4 and 4 facing each other in the vertical direction. The grindstone wheel shafts 5 and 5 are rotatably supported. The grinding wheel surface 4 of the grinding wheel 2 is formed in a range of a predetermined width in the radial direction along the outer edge side of the grinding wheel 2, for example. As shown in FIG. 5, the grinding wheel 2 is composed of a superabrasive grindstone in which superabrasive grains 2a such as diamond and CBN (cubic boron nitride) are bonded together by a predetermined binder 2b.

  The dressing device 3 is for dressing the grinding wheel surface 4 of the grinding wheel 2 and includes a dressing tool 6 and a driving means 7 for driving the dressing tool 6.

  In the present embodiment, a sharpening process (FIG. 5 (a)) for scraping the bonding material 2b from the grinding wheel surface 4 of the grinding wheel 2 to bring new abrasive grains 2a to the surface, and the abrasive grains 2a protruding by the sharpening process. Together with a crushing process (FIG. 5B) that cuts the tip side to make the amount of protrusion uniform, it is called dressing. In FIG. 5 (a), the surface position of the binding material 2b before the sharpening process is indicated by a broken line, and the surface position of the binding material 2b after the sharpening process is indicated by a solid line. In FIG. The shape of the grain 2a is indicated by a two-dot chain line, and the shape of the abrasive grain 2a after the crushing process is indicated by a solid line.

  As shown in FIGS. 2 to 4 and the like, the dressing tool 6 includes a plurality of, for example, eight dressing members 8 and a support 9 that supports these dressing members 8. The plural (eight) dressing members 8 are composed of at least one, for example, seven sharpening stones 8a and at least one, for example, one steel material 8b.

  The support 9 is formed in a substantially partial disk shape, for example, a substantially semicircular plate shape having a substantially semicircular missing portion 10, and the grinding wheel surface 4 corresponding to the space between the upper and lower grinding wheel surfaces 4, 4 of the grinding wheel 2. And is detachably fixed to the drive shaft 11 arranged in the vertical direction. A plurality of (eight) dressing members 8 are detachably mounted on the support 9 along a substantially arc-shaped outer edge centered on the drive shaft 11, for example, at substantially equal intervals. The order of arrangement of the dressing members 8 is such that one end of the support 9 in the circumferential direction is a steel material 8b, and the other is a sharpening grindstone 8a.

  The sharpening grindstone 8a is a general grindstone obtained by bonding, for example, aluminum oxide-based or silicon carbide-based abrasive grains with a predetermined binding material, and a pair of sharpening surfaces 12 corresponding to the upper and lower grindstone surfaces 4, 4 of the grinding wheel 2. , 12 is formed into a polyhedron, for example, a rectangular parallelepiped shape, and is mounted on the support 9 with the pair of sharpening surfaces 12, 12 oriented in the vertical direction.

  The steel material 8b is formed in a columnar shape, for example, and both end surfaces thereof are a pair of crushing surfaces 13 and 13 corresponding to the upper and lower grindstone surfaces 4 and 4, respectively. As the steel material 8b, an arbitrary material such as S50C or S25C can be used.

  Further, the steel material 8b is attached to the support body 9 via a steel material fixture 14. The steel fixture 14 is formed in, for example, a substantially rectangular parallelepiped shape in which the planar cross-sectional shape is substantially the same as that of the sharpening grindstone 8a and the vertical length thereof is shorter than that of the sharpening grindstone 8a. A through hole 15 and a screw hole 16 that is orthogonal to the through hole 15 and penetrates from the outer surface side to the through hole 15 are formed. The steel material 8 b is detachably fixed to the steel material fixture 14 by a fixing screw 17 screwed into the screw hole 16 in a state of being inserted into the through hole 15. The steel material fixture 14 is attached to the support 9 with a fixing structure similar to the sharpening grindstone 8a in a state where the pair of crushing surfaces 13 and 13 of the steel material 8b are directed in the vertical direction.

  For example, as shown in FIG. 3, the fixing structure of the dressing member 8 to the support 9 is provided along the outer edge of the support 9, and the mounting notch 21 that can accommodate two dressing members 8 as a set. And a press-fit fixing member 22 for detachably fixing the dressing member 8 in the mounting notch 21 by being press-fitted between the pair of dressing members 8 accommodated in the mounting notch 21. A press-fit lock member 23 that detachably fixes the press-fit fixing member 22 to the support 9 side is provided.

  Two dressing members 8 adjacent to each other are mounted on one mounting notch 21 as a set. The steel material 8b is combined with one sharpening grindstone 8a adjacent to the steel material 8b, and the other two sharpening grindstones 8a are combined with each other.

  The mounting notches 21 are formed in a number corresponding to the number of sets of two dressing members 8, for example, four, and are arranged along the substantially arcuate outer edge of the support 9 at regular intervals, for example. ing. Each mounting notch 21 is provided, for example, on both sides in the circumferential direction and a pair of mounting recesses 24 that can accommodate a pair of dressing members 8, and is provided between the mounting recesses 24 and can accommodate a press-fit fixing member 22. The fixed recess 25 is continuously provided in the circumferential direction. Each recessed part 24,25,24 is provided along the tangent direction of the support body 9, respectively, and those inner surface sides become a respectively different plane.

  The pair of mounting recesses 24, 24 have a recess depth (radial width) slightly shorter than, for example, the radial width of the sharpening grindstone 8a, and the recess width (circumferential width) has a circumferential width of the sharpening grindstone 8a. It is almost equal. Further, the recessed depth of the fixed recess 25 is substantially equal to that of the mounting recess 24, and the recess width is smaller than that of the mounting recess 24. A screw hole 26 is formed on the inner edge side of the fixed recess 25 toward the drive shaft 11 side.

  The set of two dressing members 8 and 8 are accommodated in the mounting recesses 24 and 24 of the mounting notch 21 so that the sharpening surface 12 or the crushing surface 13 faces the longitudinal direction of the drive shaft 11, that is, the vertical direction. The wedge-shaped press-fit fixing member 22 fitted into the fixing recess 25 between them is pressed toward the side edge 21 a of the mounting notch 21 and fixed to the support 9.

  In addition, a through hole 27 is formed in the press-fit fixing member 22, for example, along the radial direction of the support 9. The press-fit fixing member 22 is a press-fit lock member 23 made of a bolt or the like screwed into the screw hole 26 through the through hole 27 in a state where the dressing member 8 is fixed in the mounting recess 24 by being press-fitted into the fixed recess 25. Is fixed to the support 9 side, and the press-fitted and fixed state is thereby locked.

  In addition, the steel material 8b fixed to the support body 9 like the other sharpening grindstones 8a via the steel material fixing tool 14 is adjusted in the vertical position while the steel material fixing tool 14 is fixed to the support body 9. It is possible. That is, since the steel material 8b can be slid up and down along the through hole 15 if the fixing screw 17 is loosened, the steel material 8b is crushed on both the upper and lower ends of the steel material 8b without removing the steel material fixture 14 from the support 9. It is possible to adjust the protruding amount in the vertical direction of the steel material 8b so that the surface 13 is in sliding contact with the grinding wheel surface 4 together with the sharpening surface 12 of the other grinding wheel 8a.

  The drive means 7 is constituted by a motor or the like, and is ground together with a bearing portion 28 that holds the drive shaft 11 so that the drive shaft 11 is parallel to the grinding wheel shaft 5 at a position radially outside the grinding wheel 2. It is attached to an appropriate part of the panel body.

  When the dressing tool 6 supported by the drive shaft 11 of the drive means 7 is rotationally driven by the drive means 7, the upper and lower sharpening surfaces 12 and the crushing surfaces 13 of the dressing member 8 are the grinding wheel surfaces of the upper and lower grinding wheels 2. 4 and is arranged so that the dressing surface 12 and the crushing surface 13 of the dressing member 8 pass over the inner edge of the grindstone surface 4.

  Accordingly, when the grinding wheel 2 is continuously rotated and the dressing tool 6 is continuously rotated by the driving means 7, the sharpening surface 12 and the crushing surface 13 of the dressing member 8 are slidably contacted with the entire surface of the grinding wheel surface 4 without unevenness. .

  Further, the driving means 7 is a standby position where the dressing tool 6 is retracted from the grinding wheel 2 during the workpiece grinding process of grinding the workpiece by the grinding wheel 2, that is, a position where the missing portion 10 of the support 9 corresponds to the grinding wheel surface 4 ( In the dressing process of the grinding wheel 2, the dressing tool 6 is moved in the direction in which the steel material 8b is behind the moving direction with respect to the other sharpening grindstones 8a. That is, in this embodiment, the steel material 8b is continuously rotated in the direction (the direction of the arrow a in FIG. 2) which becomes the last of all the dressing members 8.

  In the processing step S by the double-sided surface grinding machine 1 having the above-described configuration, as shown in FIG. 6, the dressing step for dressing the grinding wheel 2 during the workpiece grinding step SA for grinding the workpiece by the grinding wheel 2. SBs are arranged at predetermined intervals.

  In the workpiece grinding process SA, the upper and lower grinding wheels 2 and 2 are rotationally driven at a predetermined rotational speed (for example, 1500 rpm), and both surfaces of the workpiece sequentially supplied between the grinding wheels 2 and 2 are ground simultaneously. At this time, the dressing tool 6 of the dressing device 3 is held at the standby position by the driving means 7.

  In the dressing step SB, the grinding wheel 2 is dressed by the following method. That is, the upper and lower grinding wheels 2 and 2 are rotationally driven in an arbitrary direction, for example, a direction indicated by an arrow in FIG. 2 at a lower speed (for example, 200 rpm) than the rotational speed during the workpiece grinding process SA, for example. Further, the dressing device 3 is driven by the driving means 7 so that the dressing tool 6 is moved in the direction of the arrow a, that is, in the direction in which the steel material 8b is rearward in the moving direction with respect to the other sharpening grindstone 8a. Also, it is continuously rotated for a predetermined number of times at a low predetermined speed (for example, 50 rpm). As a result, the sharpening surface 12 of the sharpening grindstone 8a is in sliding contact with the grindstone surface 4 of the grinding wheel 2 so that the grindstone surface 4 is sharpened (FIG. 5 (a)), and the crushing surface of the steel material 8b after the sharpening grindstone 8a. 13 is in sliding contact with the grindstone surface 4 and the sharpened grindstone surface 4 is crushed (FIG. 5B).

  As described above, in the dressing apparatus of the present embodiment and the dressing method using the dressing apparatus, the setting and crushing of the grinding wheel 2 can be performed substantially in parallel only by rotating the dressing tool 6 a predetermined number of times by the driving means 7. it can. As a result, the crushing process can be completed in substantially the same time as the time required for dressing only with the conventional sharpening process, and the processing process S by the double-sided surface grinder 1 is compared with the case where the steering is performed following the dressing process. It is possible to reduce the ratio of the processes other than the workpiece grinding to improve the workpiece grinding efficiency as a whole, and to reduce the cost required for dressing since unnecessary dummy workpieces are not required.

  In addition, since stable grinding with fine surface roughness can be performed immediately after dressing, a grinding wheel 2 having a smaller count (abrasive grain size) can be used as the grinding wheel 2 in order to obtain the same grinding accuracy. As a result, the holding force of the abrasive grains 2a by the binder 2b is increased and the abrasive grains 2a are less likely to fall off, so that the service life of the grinding wheel 2 can be extended, and the dressing interval can be extended, thereby grinding the workpiece. Efficiency can be further improved.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 6, the dressing step SB includes a dry dressing step SB1a for performing dressing without supplying coolant between the dressing member 8 and the grindstone surface 4, and a dressing member by a coolant supply means (not shown). 8 and a wet dressing step SB2 for performing dressing while supplying coolant between the grindstone surface 4 and the wet dressing step SB2 is performed after the dry dressing step SB1a. The ratio of the dry dressing process SB1a and the wet dressing process SB2 is arbitrary.

  In the dry dressing step SB1a, the sharpening effect by the sharpening grindstone 8a is relatively stronger than in the wet dressing step SB2, and conversely, in the wet dressing step SB2, the crushing effect by the steel material 8b is relative in comparison with the dry dressing step SB1a. Strongly demonstrated.

  The reason for this is that when dressing is performed without supplying coolant, cleaning with the coolant is not performed, so that abrasive scraps and the like that are shaved are not washed away between the sharpening surface 12 and the grindstone surface 4, or It stays for a long time between the crushing surface 13 and the grindstone surface 4, so that the sharpening action due to the abrasive particles is exerted, and since the cooling by the coolant is not performed, the binder of the grinding wheel 2 is softened by heat and easily scraped. In addition, the efficiency of sharpening is further improved because there is no lubrication effect due to the coolant. On the other hand, when dressing is performed while supplying the coolant, the action is suppressed.

  Thus, in the dressing process SB, the wet dressing process SB2 is performed after the dry dressing process SB1a, so that the dressing process can be performed more efficiently and in a short time.

  Instead of the dry dressing process SB1a, a semi-dry dressing process SB1b for performing dressing while supplying a smaller amount of coolant between the dressing member 8 and the grindstone surface 4 than in the wet dressing process SB2 may be performed.

  Thus, as a method of performing dressing while supplying coolant in both the semi-dry dressing step SB1b and the wet dressing step SB2 and making the supply amount different, the supply amount of the coolant per unit time is constant. A method of varying the time (supply frequency), that is, for example, a method of supplying coolant intermittently in the semi-dry dressing step SB1b and a method of always supplying coolant in the wet dressing step SB2, and a coolant supply time (supply frequency). It is conceivable to use the same (for example, always supply) and vary the supply amount per unit time, and either method may be used. Moreover, you may combine those two.

  FIG. 7 illustrates a second embodiment of the present invention, in which sharpening stones 8a and steel materials 8b are alternately arranged, and steel materials 8b are arranged on at least one end side of the arrangement of all dressing members 8. .

  In the case of this example, in the dressing step SB, the dressing tool 6 is swung back and forth in the directions of arrows a and b within a predetermined range (for example, between the position indicated by the solid line and the position indicated by the two-dot chain line in FIG. 7). You can do it. In the case of this embodiment, the dressing tool 6 is moved in the direction of the arrow a and after the moving direction with respect to the sharpening stone 8a in both cases of moving in the direction of the arrow b. Since any steel material 8b exists on the side, as in the case of the first embodiment, the sharpening process by the sharpening grindstone 8a and the subsequent crushing process by the steel material 8b are performed alternately. In addition, the rotation direction, rotation speed, etc. of the grinding wheel 2 are arbitrary and may be the same as in the first embodiment, for example.

  At the end of the dressing step SB, that is, when the dressing tool 6 is moved to the standby position, the steel material 8b arranged at the end of the array of all dressing members 8 is rotated in the last direction, that is, in the direction of the arrow a. Let Thereby, the final process with respect to the grindstone surface 4 can be made into the crushing process by the steel material 8b, and the grindstone surface 4 becomes a favorable finish similarly to 1st Embodiment.

  As mentioned above, although each embodiment of this invention was illustrated, this invention is not limited to these embodiment, A various change is possible in the range which does not deviate from the meaning of this invention. For example, in the embodiment, the steel material 8b is disposed on the rear side in the moving direction with respect to the sharpening grindstone 8a, and the dressing tool 6 is driven so that the steel material 8b slides on the grindstone surface 4 after the sharpening grindstone 8a. Although configured, the present invention is not limited to this. For example, in the first embodiment, even if the dressing tool 6 is configured to be rotationally driven in the direction opposite to the arrow a, the dressing tool 6 is rotationally driven in the direction of the arrow a, for example, a little time is required for dressing. Although the effect is inferior to the case, a certain effect equivalent to that can be expected.

  The support 9 of the dressing tool 6 may be configured so that at least the missing portion 10 corresponding to the grinding wheel surface 4 is provided and the dressing tool 6 does not interfere with the grinding wheel surface of the grinding wheel 2 when in the standby position. For example, you may form in the substantially sector shape etc. whose inside angle is larger or smaller than a semicircle.

  The steel material 8b does not need to be cylindrical, and may be a prism or the like. The shape, size (area), etc. of the crushing surface 13 are arbitrary, but by reducing the crushing surface 13 to such an extent that the necessary minimum crushing effect is obtained, waste can be suppressed and the life of the grinding wheel 2 can be extended. Can do. Further, the steel material fixture 14 and the steel material 8b may be integrally formed.

  The fixing structure of the dressing member 8 is not limited to that of the embodiment, and any fixing structure can be adopted. For example, you may fix each dressing member 8 to the support body 9 separately.

  The number of the dressing members 8 arranged on the support 9, that is, the total number of the sharpening stone 8a and the steel material 8b is arbitrary, and the ratio of the number of the sharpening stone 8a and the steel material 8b is also arbitrary.

In the embodiment, an example of a double-sided surface grinder in which the grinding wheel 2 is disposed so as to face each other in the vertical direction has been described. However, the present invention can be similarly applied to other double-headed surface grinders. For example, if the grinding wheel 2 is laterally opposed to not be two-sided surface grinding machine arranged, the drive shaft 7 is arranged horizontally in the grinding wheel axle 5 and the flat row, to rotate the dressing tool 6 to the drive shaft 7 around What is necessary is just to comprise. Further, the present invention can be similarly applied to a single-head surface grinding machine or the like that grinds only one surface of a workpiece with one grinding wheel 2.

It is a front fragmentary sectional view of the double-head surface grinding machine which shows the 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is a top view of the dressing apparatus which shows the 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is a perspective view of the dressing apparatus which shows the 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is the front partial enlarged view of the dressing apparatus which shows the 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is explanatory drawing of the sharpening process and crushing process which show the 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is explanatory drawing of the process process by the double-head surface grinder which shows the 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is a top view of the dressing apparatus which shows the 2nd Embodiment of this invention.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 2 Grinding wheel 4 Grinding wheel surface 6 Dressing tool 7 Driving means 8 Dressing member 8a Sharpening grindstone 8b Steel material 9 Support body 10 Missing part 14 Steel material fixture SB1a Dry dressing process SB1b Semi-dry dressing process SB2 Wet dressing process

Claims (4)

A dressing tool having a rotatably supported and the dressing member parallel drive shaft around the grindstone axle for supporting the grinding wheel, a direction different from the moving direction of the grinding wheel face the dressing member along the grinding surface of the grinding wheel And a driving means for driving the dressing tool around the drive shaft so as to move to the grinding wheel, wherein the dressing tool is fixed to the drive shaft and arranged substantially parallel to the grinding wheel surface. A support and a plurality of dressing members arranged on the arc around the drive shaft of the support at intervals in the arc direction, and at least one end in the arc direction of the plurality of dressing members The dressing member is a steel material that is in sliding contact with the grindstone surface, and the other dressing member has a sharpening grindstone that is in sliding contact with the grindstone surface. A steel material fixture that holds the steel material so as to be adjustable in a direction substantially orthogonal to the grindstone surface is provided, and the steel material fixture is formed on the outer edge portion of the support body in pairs with the sharpening stone adjacent to the steel material. The mounting member is detachably fixed to the support body by a press-fit fixing member that is accommodated in the mounting notch and is press-fitted between the steel material fixing tool and the adjacent sharpening grindstone. The sharpening stone and the steel material are in sliding contact with the grinding wheel surface, and at the end of the dressing process, the steel material drives the support body in a direction that is the last in the moving direction with respect to the sharpening stone. Grinding wheel dressing equipment.   The support is formed in a substantially partial disk shape having a missing portion corresponding to the grindstone surface, and the dressing members are disposed along an outer edge of the substantially arc shape, and the driving means is other than during dressing. 2. The grinding wheel dressing device according to claim 1, wherein the dressing member is configured to stop the support at a standby position where the dressing member is retracted from the grinding wheel.   The grinding wheel dressing device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the sharpening stone and the steel material are alternately arranged.   The said driving means is comprised so that the said dressing tool may be rotated continuously at the time of dressing, The dressing apparatus of the grinding wheel in any one of Claims 1-3 characterized by the above-mentioned.

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