JP4305905B2 - Wastewater treatment method and apparatus - Google Patents

Wastewater treatment method and apparatus Download PDF

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JP4305905B2
JP4305905B2 JP2003367155A JP2003367155A JP4305905B2 JP 4305905 B2 JP4305905 B2 JP 4305905B2 JP 2003367155 A JP2003367155 A JP 2003367155A JP 2003367155 A JP2003367155 A JP 2003367155A JP 4305905 B2 JP4305905 B2 JP 4305905B2
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浩介 金野
円 田辺
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Organo Corp
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Description

本発明は、繊維工場や染料工場、プリンター用インク製造工場などから排出される着色排水に含まれる有機物を効率良く分解処理可能な排水処理方法および装置に関する。   The present invention relates to a wastewater treatment method and apparatus capable of efficiently decomposing organic substances contained in colored wastewater discharged from textile factories, dye factories, printer ink manufacturing factories, and the like.

着色排水を処理するにあたっては、含有成分の効率的な処理と同時に、着色成分の効果的な除去が重要となってくる。有機物などの含有成分の効果的な処理が可能であっても、着色成分の除去が困難な場合には、通常は専門の業者に引き取られて処理されるか、もしくは大量の薬品を使用しての凝集沈殿処理や活性炭吸着などの適切な処理を施してから放流される。そのため、多大な処理費用がかかるとともに、引取までの貯留設備や引取業者への運搬の手間等も必要になることから、着色排水発生工場内あるいはその近傍での、安価な効率のよい処理技術の開発が求められている。   In treating colored wastewater, effective removal of colored components is important simultaneously with efficient treatment of the contained components. Even if effective treatment of components such as organic substances is possible, if it is difficult to remove colored components, they are usually taken over by specialists or processed using a large amount of chemicals. It is discharged after appropriate treatment such as coagulation sedimentation treatment and activated carbon adsorption. Therefore, it costs a lot of processing costs, and requires storage facilities until collection and labor for transportation to the collection company. Development is required.

従来の着色排水の処理方法としては、例えば特許文献1に、濃厚インク廃液を希釈することなく高塩除去率の逆浸透膜によって処理することにより、インク廃液中の色度成分を阻止し、その濃縮液を凝集剤を用いて凝集沈澱処理する技術が提案されている。ところがこの方法では、高塩除去率の逆浸透膜による処理の濃縮液側の処理についてしか記載されておらず、透過液側がそのまま廃棄や放流可能な水質のものであるという保証はない。また、高塩除去率の逆浸透膜による処理が適用されているが、この処理では一般に透過水量が少ないため水量確保のために高圧で運転する必要があり、消費電力が大きい、高価な高圧部品を使用しなければならない、高圧のため危険である、等の問題がある。さらに、薬品を用いた凝集沈澱処理を行っているため、大量の薬品を消費し、凝集沈澱処理に多大な処理費用がかかる、という問題もある。
特開平8−164389号公報
As a conventional method for treating colored wastewater, for example, in Patent Document 1, by treating the concentrated ink waste liquid with a reverse osmosis membrane having a high salt removal rate without diluting, the chromaticity component in the ink waste liquid is prevented, A technique for coagulating and precipitating a concentrated solution using a coagulant has been proposed. However, this method only describes the treatment on the concentrated liquid side of the treatment using a reverse osmosis membrane with a high salt removal rate, and there is no guarantee that the permeate side is water quality that can be discarded or discharged as it is. In addition, treatment with a reverse osmosis membrane with a high salt removal rate is applied, but this treatment generally requires a high pressure to secure the amount of water because of the small amount of permeated water, and consumes a large amount of power and is expensive. Must be used, dangerous due to high pressure, etc. Furthermore, since the coagulation-sedimentation process using a chemical | medical agent is performed, there exists a problem that a large amount of chemical | drug | medicine is consumed and a huge processing cost is required for the coagulation precipitation process.
JP-A-8-164389

本発明は、排水の着色成分の効果的な除去と同時に、含有有機物の効率のよい分解除去処理を行うことを目標とし、多大な処理費用がかからず、また、大量の薬品や活性炭を使用することのない、安価な効率のよい着色成分含有排水の処理方法および装置を提供することを課題としている。   The object of the present invention is to perform efficient removal and removal treatment of organic substances contained at the same time as effective removal of colored components of waste water, and does not require a large amount of treatment cost, and uses a large amount of chemicals and activated carbon. It is an object of the present invention to provide an inexpensive and efficient method and apparatus for treating colored component-containing wastewater that does not occur.

上記課題を解決するために、本発明に係る排水処理方法は、色度2000度以上の被処理排水を、NaCl除去率(NaCl阻止率とも言う。)が60%以下のナノフィルトレーション膜で処理した後、該ナノフィルトレーション膜の透過水を紫外線酸化装置で処理することを特徴とする方法からなる。すなわち、被処理排水中の着色成分をナノフィルトレーション膜で濃縮することにより、その透過水を、2000度未満の色度、好ましくは1500度以下の色度として紫外線を十分に透過できる色度まで低下させた状態で、紫外線酸化装置により含有有機物を分解処理する方法である。これによって、着色成分を効果的に除去するとともに、含有有機物を効率よく分解除去できる。したがって、簡単なシステムにて、多大な処理費用がかからず、また、大量の薬品や活性炭を使用することのない、安価な効率のよい排水処理方法を提供できる。   In order to solve the above-described problems, a wastewater treatment method according to the present invention is a nanofiltration membrane having a NaCl removal rate (also referred to as a NaCl rejection rate) of 60% or less for treated wastewater having a chromaticity of 2000 degrees or more. After the treatment, the permeated water of the nanofiltration membrane is treated with an ultraviolet oxidation device. That is, by concentrating the colored components in the wastewater to be treated with a nanofiltration membrane, the chromaticity capable of sufficiently transmitting ultraviolet rays with the permeated water having a chromaticity of less than 2000 degrees, preferably a chromaticity of 1500 degrees or less. In this state, the contained organic matter is decomposed by an ultraviolet oxidation device. This effectively removes the colored components and efficiently decomposes and removes the contained organic matter. Therefore, it is possible to provide an inexpensive and efficient wastewater treatment method that does not require a large treatment cost and does not use a large amount of chemicals or activated carbon with a simple system.

この排水処理方法においては、上記ナノフィルトレーション膜の透過水と該ナノフィルトレーション膜の濃縮水の少なくとも一部を混合することにより2000度未満の色度に調整した後、上記紫外線酸化装置で処理することもできる。濃縮水を適宜透過水に混合するため、排出される濃縮水量を低減でき、より効率のよい排水処理を実現できる。   In this waste water treatment method, after adjusting the chromaticity to less than 2000 degrees by mixing at least part of the permeated water of the nanofiltration membrane and the concentrated water of the nanofiltration membrane, the ultraviolet oxidation apparatus Can also be processed. Since concentrated water is appropriately mixed with permeated water, the amount of concentrated water discharged can be reduced, and more efficient wastewater treatment can be realized.

また、上記紫外線酸化装置の処理水の少なくとも一部を上記ナノフィルトレーション膜で再度処理するようにすることもできる。つまり、上記ナノフィルトレーション膜および紫外線酸化装置による処理を再度繰り返すようにすることもできる。この方法では、とくに、1回の紫外線酸化処理で処理しきれなかった有機物成分が存在する場合にあっても、循環させて再処理するため、より確実に含有有機物を除去でき、最終的な処理水水質をより向上できる。   Moreover, at least a part of the treated water of the ultraviolet oxidizer can be treated again with the nanofiltration film. In other words, the processing by the nanofiltration film and the ultraviolet oxidation apparatus can be repeated again. In this method, even when there are organic components that could not be processed by a single UV oxidation treatment, they are circulated and reprocessed. Water quality can be improved.

また、上記紫外線酸化装置の処理水の少なくとも一部に、上記ナノフィルトレーション膜の濃縮水の少なくとも一部を混合した後、上記紫外線酸化装置で再度処理するようにすることもできる。ナノフィルトレーション膜の濃縮水を少量ずつ混合して処理することにより排出される濃縮水量を低減できるとともに、紫外線酸化装置に循環させて再処理するので、より確実に含有有機物を除去でき、最終的な処理水水質をより向上できる。   Further, at least a part of the concentrated water of the nanofiltration membrane may be mixed with at least a part of the treated water of the ultraviolet oxidation apparatus, and then the treatment may be performed again with the ultraviolet oxidation apparatus. The concentrated water of the nanofiltration membrane can be mixed and processed little by little, and the amount of concentrated water discharged can be reduced, and since it is circulated to the UV oxidation equipment and reprocessed, the contained organic substances can be removed more reliably and finally. The quality of treated water can be improved.

さらに、上記紫外線酸化装置の処理水の少なくとも一部を、分離手段で透過水と濃縮水とに分離し、該分離手段の透過水と上記ナノフィルトレーション膜の濃縮水の少なくとも一部を混合した後、上記紫外線酸化装置で再度処理するようにすることもできる。この分離手段としては、たとえば各種の膜分離手段を適用でき、上記ナノフィルトレーション膜と同様のナノフィルトレーション膜を使用することも可能である。これにより、紫外線酸化装置で分解できなかった有機物等が存在する場合にあっても、その残留有機物等を上記分離手段で濃縮処理して、濃縮水を残留有機物等とともにたとえば系外に排出するとともに、透過水については、上記ナノフィルトレーション膜の濃縮水を少量ずつ混合して処理することによりその濃縮水の排出量を低減できるとともに、紫外線酸化装置に循環させて再処理するので、紫外線酸化装置における含有有機物の除去をより確実に行うことができ、最終的な処理水水質をより向上できる。   Further, at least a part of the treated water of the ultraviolet oxidation apparatus is separated into permeated water and concentrated water by a separation means, and at least a part of the permeated water of the separation means and the concentrated water of the nanofiltration membrane is mixed. Then, it can be processed again by the ultraviolet oxidation apparatus. As this separation means, for example, various membrane separation means can be applied, and it is also possible to use a nanofiltration membrane similar to the nanofiltration membrane. As a result, even if there are organic substances that could not be decomposed by the ultraviolet oxidation apparatus, the residual organic substances are concentrated by the separation means, and the concentrated water is discharged out of the system together with the residual organic substances, for example. As for permeated water, the concentrated water of the nanofiltration membrane is mixed and processed little by little, and the discharge of the concentrated water can be reduced. The organic substances contained in the apparatus can be removed more reliably, and the final treated water quality can be further improved.

本発明に係る排水処理方法において上記紫外線酸化装置からの処理水は、そのまま放流することも可能であり、また、そのまま、あるいは適宜処理を施した後、ある使用場所へ供給して回収、再利用することも可能である。たとえば、上記紫外線酸化装置の処理水の少なくとも一部を、純水製造のための原水として回収することも可能である。このように回収再利用すれば、系外への排出量が大幅に低減され、水回収率が高められ、環境負荷低減などをはかることが可能となる。   In the wastewater treatment method according to the present invention, the treated water from the ultraviolet oxidizer can be discharged as it is, or after being treated as it is or appropriately, supplied to a certain place of use for recovery and reuse. It is also possible to do. For example, it is also possible to collect at least a part of the treated water of the ultraviolet oxidation apparatus as raw water for producing pure water. By collecting and reusing in this way, the amount of discharge to the outside of the system can be greatly reduced, the water recovery rate can be increased, and the environmental burden can be reduced.

本発明に係る排水処理装置は、色度2000度以上の被処理排水を透過水と濃縮水とに分離する、NaCl除去率が60%以下のナノフィルトレーション膜と、該ナノフィルトレーション膜の透過水を処理する紫外線酸化装置とを有することを特徴とするものからなる。   A wastewater treatment apparatus according to the present invention includes a nanofiltration membrane having a NaCl removal rate of 60% or less, which separates treated wastewater having a chromaticity of 2000 degrees or more into permeated water and concentrated water, and the nanofiltration membrane. And an ultraviolet oxidizer for treating the permeated water.

この排水処理装置においては、上記紫外線酸化装置への送水系に、上記ナノフィルトレーション膜の透過水と該ナノフィルトレーション膜の濃縮水の少なくとも一部を混合することにより2000度未満の色度に調整する系統が付加されている構成とすることができる。   In this wastewater treatment apparatus, a color of less than 2000 degrees is obtained by mixing at least part of the permeated water of the nanofiltration membrane and the concentrated water of the nanofiltration membrane in the water supply system to the ultraviolet oxidation device. It can be set as the structure to which the system | strain which adjusts every time is added.

また、上記紫外線酸化装置の処理水の少なくとも一部を上記ナノフィルトレーション膜の入口側に戻す系統が付加されており、紫外線酸化装置の処理水の少なくとも一部を上記ナノフィルトレーション膜および紫外線酸化装置で再度処理するようにした構成とすることもできる。   Further, a system for returning at least a part of the treated water of the ultraviolet oxidizer to the inlet side of the nanofiltration membrane is added, and at least a part of the treated water of the ultraviolet oxidizer is supplied to the nanofiltration membrane and It can also be set as the structure made to process again with an ultraviolet-ray oxidation apparatus.

また、上記紫外線酸化装置への送水系に、上記紫外線酸化装置の処理水の少なくとも一部に上記ナノフィルトレーション膜の濃縮水の少なくとも一部を混合する系統が付加されており、その混合水を上記紫外線酸化装置で再度処理するようにした構成とすることもできる。   Further, a system for mixing at least a part of the concentrated water of the nanofiltration membrane with at least a part of the treated water of the UV oxidizer is added to the water supply system to the UV oxidizer. It is also possible to adopt a configuration in which the above is processed again with the above-described ultraviolet oxidation apparatus.

また、上記紫外線酸化装置の処理水の少なくとも一部を透過水と濃縮水とに分離する分離手段を有し、上記紫外線酸化装置への送水系に、上記分離手段の透過水と上記ナノフィルトレーション膜の濃縮水の少なくとも一部を混合する系統が付加されており、その混合水を上記紫外線酸化装置で再度処理するようにした構成とすることもできる。   In addition, it has a separation means for separating at least a part of the treated water of the ultraviolet oxidation apparatus into permeated water and concentrated water, and the water transmission system to the ultraviolet oxidation apparatus includes the permeated water of the separation means and the nanofiltrate. A system for mixing at least a part of the concentrated water of the membrane is also added, and the mixed water can be treated again by the ultraviolet oxidation apparatus.

さらに、上記紫外線酸化装置の処理水系が、純水製造装置の原水系に接続されており、紫外線酸化装置からの処理水を回収再利用するようにした構成とすることもできる。   Further, the treated water system of the ultraviolet oxidizer is connected to the raw water system of the pure water production apparatus, and the treated water from the ultraviolet oxidizer can be recovered and reused.

本発明に係る排水処理方法および装置によれば、色度2000度以上の被処理排水をNaCl除去率が60%以下のナノフィルトレーション膜で処理することにより、高圧を要することなく簡単に、着色成分を除去して十分に紫外線が透過できる程度まで色度を低下させ、その状態で紫外線酸化装置により処理できるので、着色成分の効果的な除去と、紫外線酸化装置による有機物成分の効率のよい分解除去とを、ともに簡単なシステム構成で安価に行うことができ、所望の良好な水質の処理水を得ることができる。また、ナノフィルトレーション膜の濃縮水を適宜混合して処理することにより、該濃縮水の系外排出量を低減でき、該濃縮水の処理費用の低減や、環境負荷低減などをはかることもできる。   According to the wastewater treatment method and apparatus according to the present invention, wastewater to be treated having a chromaticity of 2000 degrees or more is treated with a nanofiltration membrane having a NaCl removal rate of 60% or less, without requiring high pressure. The chromaticity is lowered to such an extent that ultraviolet rays can be sufficiently transmitted by removing the coloring components, and can be processed by the ultraviolet oxidation device in that state, so that the effective removal of the coloring components and the efficiency of the organic components by the ultraviolet oxidation device are good. Both decomposition and removal can be performed at a low cost with a simple system configuration, and desired treated water with good water quality can be obtained. In addition, by appropriately mixing and treating the concentrated water of the nanofiltration membrane, the amount of the concentrated water discharged from the system can be reduced, and the processing cost of the concentrated water can be reduced and the environmental load can be reduced. it can.

以下に、本発明の望ましい実施の形態を、図面を参照しながら説明する。
本発明に係る排水処理方法および装置においては、着色成分を含有した色度2000度以上の被処理排水が、NaCl除去率が60%以下のナノフィルトレーション膜で処理され、該ナノフィルトレーション膜で着色成分が濃縮除去されて、2000度未満、好ましくは1500度以下の、紫外線が十分に透過できる色度にまで低下された後、該ナノフィルトレーション膜の透過水が紫外線酸化装置で処理され、含有有機物が分解除去される。紫外線酸化装置の処理水は、そのまま放流されたり、そのまま、あるいは適宜処理が施されて回収再利用される。ナノフィルトレーション膜の濃縮水は、後述の如く少量ずつ透過水に混合されて処理されたり、処理されない濃縮水あるいは余剰の濃縮水は、そのまま貯留されるか、あるいは必要に応じて産業廃棄物の引取業者に引き取られて処理される。
Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
In the wastewater treatment method and apparatus according to the present invention, treated wastewater containing a coloring component and having a chromaticity of 2000 degrees or more is treated with a nanofiltration membrane having a NaCl removal rate of 60% or less, and the nanofiltration After the colored components are concentrated and removed by the membrane, and the chromaticity is lowered to less than 2000 degrees, preferably 1500 degrees or less, and the chromaticity is sufficient to transmit ultraviolet rays, the permeated water of the nanofiltration membrane is removed by an ultraviolet oxidation device. It is processed to decompose and remove contained organic substances. The treated water of the ultraviolet oxidizer is discharged as it is, or it is recovered as it is or after being appropriately treated. Concentrated water of the nanofiltration membrane is mixed with permeated water in a small amount as described later and processed, or untreated concentrated water or surplus concentrated water is stored as it is, or industrial waste as necessary. It is picked up and processed by a pick-up company.

本発明において、色度とは、JIS−K0101の方法に準じて測定される、液の色を規定する尺度である。また、NaCl除去率が60%以下のナノフィルトレーション膜の素材としては、ポリビニルアルコール系樹脂、ポリアミド系樹脂、スルホン化ポリエーテルスルホン系樹脂等の合成高分子やセルロース系高分子などを挙げることができる。このようなナノフィルトレーション膜として、たとえば、日東電工(株)製NTR−7250、NTR−7410、東レ(株)製SU−600シリーズ、SU−200シリーズ、ダイセン・メンブレン・システムズ(株)製PES10などを挙げることができる。さらに、本発明の実施においては、NaCl阻止率60%以下で、色度除去率が90%以上のナノフィルトレーション膜を好適に用いることができる。   In the present invention, chromaticity is a scale that defines the color of a liquid, measured according to the method of JIS-K0101. Examples of the material for the nanofiltration membrane having a NaCl removal rate of 60% or less include synthetic polymers such as polyvinyl alcohol resins, polyamide resins, and sulfonated polyethersulfone resins, and cellulose polymers. Can do. As such a nanofiltration film, for example, NTR-7250, NTR-7410 manufactured by Nitto Denko Corporation, SU-600 series, SU-200 series manufactured by Toray Industries, Inc., manufactured by Daisen Membrane Systems Co., Ltd. PES10 etc. can be mentioned. Furthermore, in the practice of the present invention, a nanofiltration film having a NaCl rejection of 60% or less and a chromaticity removal rate of 90% or more can be suitably used.

また、本発明における紫外線酸化装置とは、単に所定の紫外線を照射するだけの紫外線酸化装置は勿論のこと、過酸化水素添加と紫外線照射を組み合わせた紫外線酸化装置、オゾン付与と紫外線照射を組み合わせた紫外線酸化装置、さらに、光触媒の存在下で紫外線を照射する光触媒紫外線酸化装置まで含む。とくに、有機物分解効率の高い光触媒紫外線酸化装置が好ましい。   In addition, the ultraviolet oxidizer in the present invention is not only an ultraviolet oxidizer that simply irradiates predetermined ultraviolet rays, but also an ultraviolet oxidizer that combines hydrogen peroxide addition and ultraviolet irradiation, and a combination of ozone application and ultraviolet irradiation. It includes an ultraviolet oxidation apparatus, and further, a photocatalytic ultraviolet oxidation apparatus that irradiates ultraviolet rays in the presence of a photocatalyst. In particular, a photocatalytic ultraviolet oxidation device having high organic matter decomposition efficiency is preferable.

光触媒としては、たとえば、二酸化チタン、チタン酸ストロンチウム、酸化亜鉛、酸化鉄、酸化ジルコニウム、酸化ニオブ、酸化タングステン、酸化錫、硫化カドミウム、テルル化カドミウム、セレン化カドミウム、硫化モリブデン、珪素等の光触媒作用を有する物質の粒子を挙げることができ、これらの中から少なくとも一種類の粒子を選択して用いることができる。中でも、特に優れた光触媒性能を発現する二酸化チタンが好ましい。二酸化チタンにはアナターゼ型とルチル型の結晶構造があり、アナターゼ型二酸化チタンの方が光触媒活性が高いので、これを用いるのが通常である。また、粒子は、更にその表面に白金、ロジウム、ルテニウム、ニッケル等の金属や該金属の酸化物又は水酸化物などを担持したものを用いてもよく、この場合はその担持量が極めて少量でも光触媒効率の向上を図ることが可能である。光触媒紫外線酸化装置としては、例えば特開2001−191067号公報や特開2001−239257号公報に記載の装置が挙げられる。   As photocatalyst, for example, photocatalytic action of titanium dioxide, strontium titanate, zinc oxide, iron oxide, zirconium oxide, niobium oxide, tungsten oxide, tin oxide, cadmium sulfide, cadmium telluride, cadmium selenide, molybdenum sulfide, silicon, etc. The particle | grains of the substance which has can be mentioned, At least 1 type of particle | grains can be selected and used from these. Among these, titanium dioxide that exhibits particularly excellent photocatalytic performance is preferable. Titanium dioxide has anatase type and rutile type crystal structures, and since anatase type titanium dioxide has higher photocatalytic activity, it is usually used. Further, the particles may further use particles having platinum, rhodium, ruthenium, nickel or the like supported on the surface thereof, or oxides or hydroxides of the metal. It is possible to improve the photocatalytic efficiency. Examples of the photocatalytic ultraviolet oxidation apparatus include apparatuses described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open Nos. 2001-191067 and 2001-239257.

図1は、本発明の一実施態様に係る排水処理装置を示しており、最も簡単な基本形態の実施態様を示している。図1において、1は排水処理装置全体を示しており、着色成分を含有し、色度2000度以上の被処理排水2は、NaCl除去率が60%以下のナノフィルトレーション膜3で濃縮され、濃縮水4と透過水5とに分離される。分離された透過水5の色度は2000度未満、好ましくは1500度以下に低減される。分離比率としては、一般的に、透過水5の方がはるかに多い。この透過水5が、紫外線酸化装置6に供給されて処理され、含有有機物が分解されて除去され、処理水7として、放流あるいは所定の回収先、使用先、貯留先へと送られる。ナノフィルトレーション膜3での濃縮により、着色成分が十分に除去され、その透過水5は、紫外線を十分に透過できる色度にまで低下され、紫外線酸化装置6で目標とする含有有機物の分解除去処理が効率的に行われる。すなわち、簡単なシステム構成でありながら、着色成分の適切な除去とともに、良好な含有有機物の分解除去が達成されることになる。また、この排水処理においては、高圧処理部は存在せず、大量の薬品や活性炭等の使用は不要であり、装置コスト、ランニングコストともに安価である。なお、この排水処理系における濃縮水4は、貯留しておいたり、適宜必要に応じて引取処理に供することができる。   FIG. 1 shows a waste water treatment apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention, and shows an embodiment of the simplest basic form. In FIG. 1, reference numeral 1 denotes the entire waste water treatment apparatus. A treated waste water 2 containing a coloring component and having a chromaticity of 2000 degrees or more is concentrated by a nanofiltration membrane 3 having a NaCl removal rate of 60% or less. The concentrated water 4 and the permeated water 5 are separated. The chromaticity of the separated permeated water 5 is reduced to less than 2000 degrees, preferably 1500 degrees or less. As a separation ratio, the permeated water 5 is generally much more common. This permeated water 5 is supplied to the ultraviolet oxidizer 6 and processed, and the contained organic substances are decomposed and removed, and discharged as treated water 7 or sent to a predetermined collection destination, usage destination, and storage destination. By the concentration in the nanofiltration membrane 3, the coloring component is sufficiently removed, and the permeated water 5 is lowered to a chromaticity capable of sufficiently transmitting ultraviolet rays, and the target organic substances are decomposed by the ultraviolet oxidation device 6. The removal process is performed efficiently. That is, while having a simple system configuration, it is possible to achieve a good decomposition and removal of contained organic substances together with appropriate removal of the coloring components. Further, in this waste water treatment, there is no high-pressure treatment section, it is not necessary to use a large amount of chemicals or activated carbon, and both the apparatus cost and running cost are low. In addition, the concentrated water 4 in this waste water treatment system can be stored, or can be subjected to a take-up treatment as necessary.

図2に本発明の別の実施態様に係る排水処理装置を示す。本実施態様においては、図1に示した装置1に比べ、排水処理装置11に、ナノフィルトレーション膜3の濃縮水4を一旦貯留する濃縮水タンク12が設けられ、該濃縮水4の一部が、紫外線酸化装置6へ送水されるナノフィルトレーション膜3の透過水5に、濃縮水タンク12からの接続系統13を介して少量ずつ混合されて2000度未満、好ましくは1500度以下の色度とされる。つまり、濃縮水4が混合されるものの、かろうじて紫外線が透過できる色度に調整される。この状態で紫外線酸化装置6で処理されることにより、該装置における含有有機物の効率的な分解除去が維持される。濃縮水4を透過水5に混合するため、系外に排出される濃縮水量が低減され、系全体としてより効率的な処理を行うことができる。余剰の濃縮水4が生じた場合には、適宜、必要に応じて引取処理に供すればよい。   FIG. 2 shows a wastewater treatment apparatus according to another embodiment of the present invention. In this embodiment, compared with the apparatus 1 shown in FIG. 1, the wastewater treatment apparatus 11 is provided with a concentrated water tank 12 that temporarily stores the concentrated water 4 of the nanofiltration membrane 3. The portion is mixed little by little with the permeated water 5 of the nanofiltration membrane 3 fed to the ultraviolet oxidizer 6 through the connection system 13 from the concentrated water tank 12, and is less than 2000 degrees, preferably 1500 degrees or less. It is assumed to be chromaticity. That is, although the concentrated water 4 is mixed, it is adjusted to a chromaticity that can barely transmit ultraviolet rays. By being processed by the ultraviolet oxidation device 6 in this state, efficient decomposition and removal of organic substances contained in the device is maintained. Since the concentrated water 4 is mixed with the permeated water 5, the amount of concentrated water discharged out of the system is reduced, and more efficient treatment can be performed as the entire system. What is necessary is just to use for a taking-out process as needed, when the excess concentrated water 4 arises.

図3に本発明のさらに別の実施態様に係る排水処理装置を示す。本実施態様においては、図1に示した装置1に比べ、排水処理装置21に、紫外線酸化装置6の処理水7の少なくとも一部をナノフィルトレーション膜3の入口側に戻す系統22が付加されており、紫外線酸化装置6の処理水7の少なくとも一部をナノフィルトレーション膜3および紫外線酸化装置6で、再度処理するようにした構成とされている。1回の紫外線酸化処理では処理しきれなかった有機物成分が存在する場合にも、再度処理されるため、最終的な処理水7の水質をより向上できるようになる。   FIG. 3 shows a wastewater treatment apparatus according to still another embodiment of the present invention. In this embodiment, compared to the apparatus 1 shown in FIG. 1, a system 22 for returning at least a part of the treated water 7 of the ultraviolet oxidizer 6 to the inlet side of the nanofiltration membrane 3 is added to the wastewater treatment apparatus 21. In this configuration, at least a part of the treated water 7 of the ultraviolet oxidizer 6 is treated again by the nanofiltration film 3 and the ultraviolet oxidizer 6. Even when there is an organic component that could not be processed by one UV oxidation process, it is processed again, so that the quality of the final treated water 7 can be further improved.

図4に本発明のさらに別の実施態様に係る排水処理装置を示す。本実施態様に係る排水処理装置31は、図2に示した態様と図3に示した態様を組み合わせたものである。紫外線酸化装置6の処理水7の少なくとも一部を循環して再度処理することにより、該循環処理における紫外線酸化装置6前の透過水5の色度はより低くなり、図2の態様に比べさらに大量の濃縮水4を混合処理できるようになる。したがって、図2や図3の態様に比べ、被処理排水2のほとんど全量を放流可能な水質にまで処理することが可能になる。   FIG. 4 shows a wastewater treatment apparatus according to still another embodiment of the present invention. The waste water treatment device 31 according to this embodiment is a combination of the embodiment shown in FIG. 2 and the embodiment shown in FIG. By circulating at least a part of the treated water 7 of the ultraviolet oxidizer 6 and treating it again, the chromaticity of the permeated water 5 before the ultraviolet oxidizer 6 in the circulation treatment becomes lower, which is further compared to the embodiment of FIG. A large amount of concentrated water 4 can be mixed. Therefore, compared with the mode of FIG. 2 and FIG. 3, it becomes possible to process almost the whole amount of the wastewater 2 to be treated to a water quality that can be discharged.

図5に本発明のさらに別の実施態様に係る排水処理装置を示す。本実施態様に係る排水処理装置41は、図2に示した態様に比べ、紫外線酸化装置6への送水系(つまり、ナノフィルトレーション膜3からの透過水)に、紫外線酸化装置6の処理水7の少なくとも一部が循環系統42を介して循環されるとともに、その処理水7の循環系統42に、濃縮水タンク12に貯留されていたナノフィルトレーション膜3の濃縮水4が系統43を介して少量ずつ混合される。この系においても、図4に示した系と同様に、大量の濃縮水4を混合処理できるようになり、被処理排水2のほとんど全量を放流可能な水質にまで処理することが可能になる。   FIG. 5 shows a waste water treatment apparatus according to still another embodiment of the present invention. Compared with the embodiment shown in FIG. 2, the wastewater treatment apparatus 41 according to this embodiment is configured to treat the ultraviolet oxidation apparatus 6 in a water supply system to the ultraviolet oxidation apparatus 6 (that is, permeated water from the nanofiltration membrane 3). At least a part of the water 7 is circulated through the circulation system 42, and the concentrated water 4 of the nanofiltration membrane 3 stored in the concentrated water tank 12 is supplied to the circulation system 42 of the treated water 7. Is mixed little by little through. In this system as well, as in the system shown in FIG. 4, a large amount of concentrated water 4 can be mixed, and almost all of the wastewater 2 to be treated can be treated to a water quality that can be discharged.

図6に本発明のさらに別の実施態様に係る排水処理装置を示す。本実施態様に係る排水処理装置51においては、紫外線酸化装置6の処理水の少なくとも一部を、透過水と濃縮水とに分離する分離手段52が設けられている。本実施態様では、この分離手段52として、前記ナノフィルトレーション膜3(第1のナノフィルトレーション膜)と同様のナノフィルトレーション膜(第2のナノフィルトレーション膜)が用いられているが、精密濾過膜などの他の分離手段を使用することもできる。紫外線酸化装置6で分解できなかった有機物等が存在する場合にあっても、この分離手段52で濃縮処理でき、分解できなかった有機物等は濃縮水53とともに系外に排出することができる(たとえば、引取処理に供することができる)。分離手段52の透過水54は、系統55を介して紫外線酸化装置6への送水系に循環されて戻され、該循環系統55に、系統56を介して、濃縮水タンク12に貯留されていたナノフィルトレーション膜3の濃縮水4が少量ずつ混合される。紫外線酸化装置6で分解できない物質等を濃縮して適切に系外に排出できるとともに、大量の濃縮水4を混合処理できるようになり、放流可能な良好な水質の処理水7を得ることが可能になる。   FIG. 6 shows a wastewater treatment apparatus according to still another embodiment of the present invention. In the wastewater treatment apparatus 51 according to this embodiment, a separation unit 52 that separates at least a part of the treated water of the ultraviolet oxidation apparatus 6 into permeated water and concentrated water is provided. In this embodiment, as the separation means 52, a nanofiltration film (second nanofiltration film) similar to the nanofiltration film 3 (first nanofiltration film) is used. However, other separation means such as microfiltration membranes can be used. Even if there is an organic matter that could not be decomposed by the ultraviolet oxidizer 6, it can be concentrated by the separation means 52, and the organic matter that could not be decomposed can be discharged out of the system together with the concentrated water 53 (for example, Can be used for pick-up processing). The permeated water 54 of the separation means 52 was circulated back to the water supply system to the ultraviolet oxidizer 6 through the system 55, and was stored in the concentrated water tank 12 through the system 56. The concentrated water 4 of the nanofiltration membrane 3 is mixed little by little. Substances that cannot be decomposed by the ultraviolet oxidizer 6 can be concentrated and discharged out of the system appropriately, and a large amount of concentrated water 4 can be mixed and treated, so that it is possible to obtain treated water 7 with good water quality that can be discharged. become.

図7は、上記のような各実施態様において、紫外線酸化装置6の処理水を回収して有効に再利用する一例を示している。図7には、図1に示した排水処理装置1を用いた場合の処理水有効利用システム61を示しているが、図2〜図6に示した各実施態様に係る排水処理装置を用いてもよい。使用場所62から発生した被処理排水2は、排水処理装置1により処理水7とされ、該処理水7の少なくとも一部が、純水製造装置63の原水槽64に系統65を介して供給される。純水製造装置63で製造された純水は、使用場所62へと供給される。システム全体としての水回収率が高められ、系外への排水がほとんど無くなることから、環境負荷の低減をはかることができる。なお、処理水7が、いずれかの使用場所でそのまま使用可能であれば、純水製造装置63を介することなくそのまま回収再利用すればよい。   FIG. 7 shows an example in which the treated water of the ultraviolet oxidizer 6 is recovered and reused effectively in each of the above embodiments. In FIG. 7, although the treated water effective utilization system 61 at the time of using the waste water treatment apparatus 1 shown in FIG. 1 is shown, using the waste water treatment apparatus which concerns on each embodiment shown in FIGS. Also good. The treated wastewater 2 generated from the use place 62 is treated as treated water 7 by the wastewater treatment apparatus 1, and at least a part of the treated water 7 is supplied to the raw water tank 64 of the pure water production apparatus 63 via the system 65. The The pure water produced by the pure water production device 63 is supplied to the use place 62. Since the water recovery rate of the entire system is increased and there is almost no drainage outside the system, the environmental load can be reduced. In addition, if the treated water 7 can be used as it is at any place of use, it may be recovered and reused as it is without going through the pure water production apparatus 63.

図8は、本発明による効果を概念的に示した図である。ナノフィルトレーション膜で被処理排水中の着色成分を適切に除去しないと、有機物が分解される程度の紫外線が透過できないため、たとえば、光触媒紫外線酸化装置では有機物が分解される光触媒表面にまで紫外線が到達できないため、実質的に、たとえばTOC(全有機体炭素量:C/C0 〔%〕)は100%を保持したままとなる。これに対し、本発明のようにナノフィルトレーション膜で被処理排水中の着色成分を適切に除去すれば、紫外線酸化装置で、とくに光触媒紫外線酸化装置で、効率的に有機物を分解できるようになり、優れた処理水水質を達成できる。 FIG. 8 is a diagram conceptually showing the effect of the present invention. If the colored components in the wastewater to be treated are not properly removed by the nanofiltration membrane, ultraviolet rays that can decompose organic matter cannot be transmitted. Therefore, for example, TOC (total organic carbon content: C / C 0 [%]) remains substantially 100%. On the other hand, if the colored components in the wastewater to be treated are appropriately removed with a nanofiltration membrane as in the present invention, the organic matter can be efficiently decomposed with an ultraviolet oxidation device, particularly with a photocatalytic ultraviolet oxidation device. Therefore, excellent quality of treated water can be achieved.

本発明に係る排水処理方法および装置は、着色成分を含有する色度2000度以上の排水の処理が要求されるあらゆる排水処理に適用でき、加えて、コスト低減や環境負荷低減等が要求される排水処理系に好適に適用できる。   The wastewater treatment method and apparatus according to the present invention can be applied to any wastewater treatment that requires treatment of wastewater having a chromaticity of 2000 degrees or more containing a coloring component, and in addition, cost reduction and environmental load reduction are required. It can be suitably applied to a wastewater treatment system.

本発明の一実施態様に係る排水処理装置の概略機器系統図である。It is a schematic equipment block diagram of the waste water treatment equipment concerning one embodiment of the present invention. 本発明の別の実施態様に係る排水処理装置の概略機器系統図である。It is a schematic equipment block diagram of the waste water treatment equipment concerning another embodiment of the present invention. 本発明の、さらに別の実施態様に係る排水処理装置の概略機器系統図である。It is a schematic equipment block diagram of the waste water treatment equipment concerning another embodiment of the present invention. 本発明の、さらに別の実施態様に係る排水処理装置の概略機器系統図である。It is a schematic equipment block diagram of the waste water treatment equipment concerning another embodiment of the present invention. 本発明の、さらに別の実施態様に係る排水処理装置の概略機器系統図である。It is a schematic equipment block diagram of the waste water treatment equipment concerning another embodiment of the present invention. 本発明の、さらに別の実施態様に係る排水処理装置の概略機器系統図である。It is a schematic equipment block diagram of the waste water treatment equipment concerning another embodiment of the present invention. 本発明の、さらに別の実施態様に係る排水処理装置の概略機器系統図である。It is a schematic equipment block diagram of the waste water treatment equipment concerning another embodiment of the present invention. 本発明による効果を概念的に示すTOCの特性図である。It is a characteristic view of TOC which shows the effect by the present invention notionally.

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

1、11、21、31、41、51 排水処理装置
2 被処理排水
3 ナノフィルトレーション膜
4 濃縮水
5 透過水
6 紫外線酸化装置
7 処理水
12 濃縮水タンク
13 濃縮水タンクからの接続系統
22 ナノフィルトレーション膜の入口側に戻す系統
42 循環系統
43 濃縮水の供給系統
52 分離手段
53 分離手段の濃縮水
54 分離手段の透過水
55 循環系統
56 濃縮水の供給系統
61 処理水有効利用システム
62 使用場所
63 純水製造装置
64 原水槽
65 処理水の原水槽への供給系統
1, 11, 21, 31, 41, 51 Wastewater treatment equipment 2 Wastewater to be treated 3 Nanofiltration membrane 4 Concentrated water 5 Permeated water 6 Ultraviolet oxidizer 7 Treated water 12 Concentrated water tank 13 Connection system from concentrated water tank 22 System for returning to the inlet side of the nanofiltration membrane 42 Circulation system 43 Concentrated water supply system 52 Separation means 53 Concentrated water of the separation means 54 Permeated water of the separation means 55 Circulation system 56 Concentrated water supply system 61 System for effectively using treated water 62 Use place 63 Pure water production equipment 64 Raw water tank 65 Supply system to raw water tank of treated water

Claims (12)

色度2000度以上の被処理排水を、NaCl除去率が60%以下のナノフィルトレーション膜で処理した後、該ナノフィルトレーション膜の透過水を紫外線酸化装置で処理することを特徴とする排水処理方法。   The treated waste water having a chromaticity of 2000 degrees or more is treated with a nanofiltration membrane having a NaCl removal rate of 60% or less, and then the permeated water of the nanofiltration membrane is treated with an ultraviolet oxidation device. Wastewater treatment method. 前記ナノフィルトレーション膜の透過水と該ナノフィルトレーション膜の濃縮水の少なくとも一部を混合することにより2000度未満の色度に調整した後、前記紫外線酸化装置で処理する、請求項1の排水処理方法。   2. The chromaticity of less than 2000 degrees is adjusted by mixing at least a part of the permeated water of the nanofiltration membrane and the concentrated water of the nanofiltration membrane, and then the treatment is performed by the ultraviolet oxidation apparatus. Wastewater treatment method. 前記紫外線酸化装置の処理水の少なくとも一部を前記ナノフィルトレーション膜で再度処理する、請求項1または2の排水処理方法。   The wastewater treatment method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein at least a part of the treated water of the ultraviolet oxidation device is treated again with the nanofiltration membrane. 前記紫外線酸化装置の処理水の少なくとも一部に、前記ナノフィルトレーション膜の濃縮水の少なくとも一部を混合した後、前記紫外線酸化装置で再度処理する、請求項1の排水処理方法。   The wastewater treatment method according to claim 1, wherein at least a part of the concentrated water of the nanofiltration membrane is mixed with at least a part of the treated water of the ultraviolet oxidizer, and then treated again by the ultraviolet oxidizer. 前記紫外線酸化装置の処理水の少なくとも一部を、分離手段で透過水と濃縮水とに分離し、該分離手段の透過水と前記ナノフィルトレーション膜の濃縮水の少なくとも一部を混合した後、前記紫外線酸化装置で再度処理する、請求項1の排水処理方法。   After separating at least a part of the treated water of the ultraviolet oxidation apparatus into permeated water and concentrated water by a separating means, and mixing at least a part of the permeated water of the separating means and the concentrated water of the nanofiltration membrane The wastewater treatment method according to claim 1, wherein the treatment is performed again by the ultraviolet oxidation apparatus. 前記紫外線酸化装置の処理水の少なくとも一部を、純水製造のための原水として回収する、請求項1〜5のいずれかに記載の排水処理方法。   The wastewater treatment method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein at least a part of the treated water of the ultraviolet oxidizer is recovered as raw water for producing pure water. 色度2000度以上の被処理排水を透過水と濃縮水とに分離する、NaCl除去率が60%以下のナノフィルトレーション膜と、該ナノフィルトレーション膜の透過水を処理する紫外線酸化装置とを有することを特徴とする排水処理装置。   A nanofiltration membrane with a NaCl removal rate of 60% or less, which separates treated wastewater having a chromaticity of 2000 degrees or more into permeated water and concentrated water, and an ultraviolet oxidation device for treating the permeated water of the nanofiltration membrane A wastewater treatment apparatus characterized by comprising: 前記紫外線酸化装置への送水系に、前記ナノフィルトレーション膜の透過水と該ナノフィルトレーション膜の濃縮水の少なくとも一部を混合することにより2000度未満の色度に調整する系統が付加されている、請求項7の排水処理装置。   A system that adjusts the chromaticity to less than 2000 degrees by mixing at least part of the permeated water of the nanofiltration membrane and the concentrated water of the nanofiltration membrane is added to the water supply system to the UV oxidation device. The waste water treatment apparatus according to claim 7. 前記紫外線酸化装置の処理水の少なくとも一部を前記ナノフィルトレーション膜の入口側に戻す系統が付加されている、請求項7または8の排水処理装置。   The wastewater treatment apparatus according to claim 7 or 8, further comprising a system for returning at least part of the treated water of the ultraviolet oxidation apparatus to the inlet side of the nanofiltration membrane. 前記紫外線酸化装置への送水系に、前記紫外線酸化装置の処理水の少なくとも一部に前記ナノフィルトレーション膜の濃縮水の少なくとも一部を混合する系統が付加されている、請求項7の排水処理装置。   The waste water according to claim 7, wherein a system for mixing at least a part of the concentrated water of the nanofiltration membrane with at least a part of the treated water of the ultraviolet oxidizer is added to the water supply system to the ultraviolet oxidizer. Processing equipment. 前記紫外線酸化装置の処理水の少なくとも一部を透過水と濃縮水とに分離する分離手段を有し、前記紫外線酸化装置への送水系に、前記分離手段の透過水と前記ナノフィルトレーション膜の濃縮水の少なくとも一部を混合する系統が付加されている、請求項7の排水処理装置。   A separation means for separating at least a part of the treated water of the ultraviolet oxidation apparatus into permeated water and concentrated water; and the water supply system to the ultraviolet oxidation apparatus includes the permeated water of the separation means and the nanofiltration membrane. The waste water treatment apparatus of Claim 7 with which the system | strain which mixes at least one part of concentrated water of this is added. 前記紫外線酸化装置の処理水系が、純水製造装置の原水系に接続されている、請求項7〜11のいずれかに記載の排水処理装置。   The wastewater treatment apparatus according to any one of claims 7 to 11, wherein a treated water system of the ultraviolet oxidation apparatus is connected to a raw water system of a pure water production apparatus.
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