JP4300091B2 - Laminated glass separation and recovery method - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a method for separating and recovering laminated glass, in which laminated glass having glass bonded to the front and back of a resin intermediate film is separated into an intermediate film and glass.

  Laminated glass in which glass is bonded to the front and back of an intermediate film made of a transparent resin is used for automobile windshields, window glass for buildings, and the like. In recent years, in order to effectively use resources, laminated glass is separated into an intermediate film and glass and collected, and resin and glass are reused.

  As a method for separating and recovering laminated glass, a method is known in which laminated glass placed in a cylindrical casing is crushed with a metal hammer that rotates at high speed, and then the crushed material is sieved to separate it into an interlayer film and glass. (For example, refer to Patent Document 1). In this method, it is difficult to completely separate the glass waste adhering to the intermediate film when the crushed material is sieved. Then, what forcibly vibrated the sieve and improved the separation efficiency between the intermediate film and the glass is known (for example, see Patent Document 2). In this method, the laminated glass is crushed by clamping with a pair of metal rollers.

  Moreover, since the separation of the intermediate film and the glass is facilitated by immersing the crushed material in water, a method of immersing the crushed material in water without passing through a sieve is also known (see, for example, Patent Document 3). . Here, since the separation takes a long time simply by immersing in water, a method of stirring water in which crushed material is immersed with a stirrer is known (see, for example, Patent Document 4). Further, there is also known a method in which an intermediate film and glass are separated by a sieve that is forcedly vibrated after the crushed material is decompressed in a decompression chamber in a state where water is contained in the crushed material (for example, Patent Documents). 5).

Furthermore, what freezes a laminated glass beforehand and reduces the joining force of an intermediate film and glass, and crushes a laminated glass is also known (for example, refer patent document 6). Furthermore, a method is also known in which laminated glass is immersed in a solution that dissolves an intermediate film, and the remaining glass is taken out (see, for example, Patent Document 7).
JP 2002-186852 A JP 2002-336793 A JP-A-7-291682 JP-A-5-309655 JP 2002-326848 A JP-A-6-219793 JP 2001-334248 A

However, each of the separation and recovery methods described above has a step of crushing the laminated glass with a hammer or the like except for those that dissolve the intermediate membrane. At this time, nickel or the like, which is a component such as a hammer, is mixed in the crushed material. In addition, even if the crushed material is immersed in water, placed in a reduced-pressure atmosphere or a frozen atmosphere, and the bonding force between the interlayer film and glass is reduced, separation of the waste glass adhering to the interlayer film is insufficient. It is difficult to say that the separation between the intermediate film and the glass has been completely realized.
In addition, the method of dissolving the interlayer film can recover high-purity glass and reuse the glass, but has a problem that the interlayer film cannot be reused.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to make it possible to perform separation of the intermediate film and the glass more reliably without foreign matters being mixed into the recovered glass. The object is to provide a method for separating and recovering glass.

  In order to achieve the object, the invention according to claim 1 is a method for separating and recovering laminated glass having a resin intermediate film and glass bonded to the front and back of the intermediate film, A cracking step for cracking in a non-contact manner, a glass cooling step for immersing the laminated glass cracked in the cracking step in a cooling liquid, and applying an impact to the laminated glass in the cooling liquid, A crushing step for generating a crushed glass product in a state where the intermediate film and the glass are separated, and an intermediate for taking out the intermediate film from the crushed glass product generated in the crushing step using a first sieve. And a glass separation step of taking out the glass using a second sieve from the crushed glass from which the intermediate membrane has been taken out in the intermediate membrane separation step. .

  In the first aspect of the invention, first, in the cracking step, the laminated glass is cracked in a non-contact manner. For cracking, thermal strain may be used, or a force may be applied to the laminated glass by generating a shock wave in the air or vibrating the laminated glass.

  The cracked laminated glass is cooled by being immersed in a cooling liquid in the glass cooling step. Cracks generated in the laminated glass further progress due to the thermal distortion caused by this cooling. Further, when the intermediate film is immersed in the cooling liquid, the bonding force with the glass is reduced.

  Thereafter, in the crushing step, an impact is applied to the laminated glass while the cracked laminated glass is immersed in the cooling liquid. Thereby, the laminated glass is crushed and at least the intermediate film and the glass are separated. At this time, although the glass breaks brittlely, the resin-made intermediate film is much more ductile than the glass, resulting in ductile breakage. That is, the glass fragments in the laminated glass fragments are smaller than the fragments of the intermediate film.

  Next, in the intermediate film separation step, the intermediate film is taken out from the crushed glass produced in the crushing step using the first sieve. Here, as the first sieve, it is preferable to use a net member that prevents passage of fragments of the intermediate film and allows passage of glass fragments smaller than the intermediate film.

  Then, in the glass separation step, glass is taken out from the crushed glass from which the intermediate film has been taken out using the second sieve. Here, as the second sieve, it is preferable to use a net member that prevents passage of glass fragments and allows passage of foreign particles smaller than glass.

  Thus, since the laminated glass is cracked in a non-contact manner, the purity of the recovered glass can be remarkably increased. That is, unlike a conventional material that is crushed by contact with metal or the like, foreign materials such as metal subjected to crushing do not enter the recovered glass. Moreover, since the foreign material originally adhering to the laminated glass is also separated from the glass in the glass separation step, the purity of the recovered glass can be further increased.

  In addition, since the impact is applied to the laminated glass in the state of being immersed in the cooling liquid, a much larger force is applied to the laminated glass than when the impact is applied in the atmosphere. That is, the interlayer film and the glass can be accurately separated at the time of crushing in combination with the fact that the bonding force between the interlayer film and the glass is reduced by immersing the laminated glass cracked in the cooling liquid. .

  The invention according to claim 2 is characterized in that in the method for separating and collecting laminated glass according to claim 1, the laminated glass is cracked by irradiating the laminated glass with infrared rays in the cracking step.

  According to invention of Claim 2, in addition to the effect | action of Claim 1, by irradiating infrared rays and carrying out the forced vibration of the molecule | numerator of a laminated glass and heating, a thermal strain is produced in a laminated glass and it cracks. . That is, cracks can be made in a short time compared to those caused by heat conduction or the like.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the method for separating and recovering laminated glass according to the second aspect , in the glass cooling step, the amount of heat of infrared irradiation in the cracking step remains in the laminated glass. The laminated glass is immersed in a cooling liquid.

According to the invention of claim 3, in addition to the action of claim 2 , the heat of infrared irradiation remains in the laminated glass, and the laminated glass in the heated state is immersed in the cooling liquid. The temperature difference when immersed in the liquid increases, and the amount of thermal strain due to cooling increases. Therefore, the crack which arose in the laminated glass can be advanced efficiently.

  According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the method for separating and collecting laminated glass according to any one of the first to third aspects, ultrasonic waves are applied to the laminated glass in the cooling liquid in the separation step. It is characterized in that it is used to apply an impact.

  According to invention of Claim 4, in addition to the effect | action of any one of Claim 1 to 3, a bubble generate | occur | produces around a laminated glass by the cavitation phenomenon by an ultrasonic wave. At this time, since air bubbles are also generated between the intermediate film and the glass, the intermediate film and the glass can be more reliably separated.

  According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, in the method for separating and recovering laminated glass according to any one of the first to third aspects, a high-pressure liquid is applied to the laminated glass in the cooling liquid in the separation step. It is characterized in that an impact is applied by spraying.

  According to the invention described in claim 5, in addition to the action of any one of claims 1 to 3, the high-pressure liquid is jetted toward the laminated glass, so that the intermediate film and the glass that are still bonded together A shearing force acts between them. Therefore, these can be more reliably separated.

  In the invention according to claim 6, in the method for separating and collecting laminated glass according to any one of claims 1 to 3, ultrasonic waves are applied to the laminated glass in the cooling liquid in the separation step. It is characterized in that it is used and an impact is applied by jetting a high-pressure liquid.

  According to invention of Claim 6, in addition to the effect | action of any one of Claim 1 to 3, air bubbles generate | occur | produce around the laminated glass by the cavitation phenomenon by an ultrasonic wave. At this time, since air bubbles are also generated between the intermediate film and the glass, the intermediate film and the glass can be more reliably separated. In addition, when a high-pressure liquid is jetted toward the laminated glass, a shearing force acts between the glass and the intermediate film that is still bonded. Therefore, these can be more reliably separated.

According to the present invention, since the laminated glass is cracked in a non-contact manner, foreign substances such as metals subjected to crushing are not mixed into the recovered glass as in the past, and are originally attached to the laminated glass. Since the foreign substances that have been separated are separated from the glass in the glass separation step, the purity of the recovered glass can be remarkably increased.
In addition, since the impact was applied to the laminated glass while immersed in the cooling liquid, a much greater force was applied to the laminated glass than when impact was applied in the air. Can be separated.

  1 to 6 show an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram of a laminated glass separation and recovery apparatus, FIG. 2 is a top view of laminated glass cracked by an infrared irradiation apparatus, and FIG. Is a perspective explanatory view showing a state in which the laminated glass is stirred in the water tank, FIG. 4 is a top view of the first sieve and the second sieve, FIG. 5 is a process explanatory view of the laminated glass separation and recovery method, and FIG. It is side surface sectional drawing of glass.

This laminated glass separation and recovery device 10 separates a laminated glass 3 having an intermediate film 1 made of a transparent resin and a glass 2 bonded to the front and back of the intermediate film 1 into an intermediate film 1 and a glass 2. It is for recovery.
As shown in FIG. 1, the laminated glass separation and recovery device 10 includes a conveyor 11 that conveys the laminated glass 3 in the horizontal direction, an infrared irradiation device 12 that irradiates the laminated glass 3 on the conveyor 11 with near infrared rays, and a near infrared ray. And a water tank 13 for receiving the laminated glass 3 irradiated with. The water tank 13 is filled with water 14 as a cooling liquid. Further, the laminated glass separation and recovery device 10 was received by the water tank 13 and the ultrasonic irradiation device 15 that irradiates ultrasonic waves toward the laminated glass 3 received by the water tank 13 in order to crush the laminated glass 3. And an injection device 16 that injects high-pressure water toward the laminated glass 3. Further, the laminated glass separation and recovery apparatus 10 includes a first sieve 17 for collecting the intermediate film 1 and a second sieve 18 for collecting the glass 2 among the crushed laminated glass 3. I have. Moreover, each sieve 17 and 18 can be moved in and out of the water tank 13, and a sieve moving mechanism 19 for moving each sieve 17 and 18 is provided. Hereinafter, the laminated glass separation and recovery apparatus 10 will be described in detail.

  The laminated glass separation and recovery apparatus 10 is installed in a waste disposal facility or the like. Laminated glass 3 discharged from a discarded automobile vehicle or the like is supplied to the upstream side of the conveyor 11 and conveyed toward a water tank 13 disposed on the downstream side of the conveyor 11 as shown in FIG.

  The infrared irradiation device 12 is installed above the transport path of the conveyor 11 and irradiates near infrared rays downward. In the present embodiment, the infrared irradiation device 12 is installed immediately before the water tank 13 in the transport path of the conveyor 11. Moreover, the infrared irradiation device 12 has a plurality of irradiation units 12a at predetermined intervals, and simultaneously irradiates near infrared rays toward the laminated glass 3 on which each irradiation unit 12a is conveyed. In the present embodiment, a total of four irradiating portions 12a are provided, and are arranged so as to be positioned at the corners of the square at intervals of about 15 cm in the front-rear and left-right directions. FIG. 2 shows a state in which the near-infrared ray is irradiated on the laminated glass 3 of about 30 cm square by the infrared irradiation device 12.

  The water tank 13 is open upward and receives the laminated glass 3 falling from the end of the conveyor 11. In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 3, the water tank 13 is formed in a substantially cylindrical shape. The water tank 13 is filled with water 14 and the laminated glass 3 is quickly cooled.

As shown in FIG. 1, the ultrasonic irradiation apparatus 15 is provided in the lower part of the water tank 13, and irradiates an ultrasonic wave toward upper direction. In this embodiment, it is installed at the center of the bottom surface of the water tank 13 and irradiates ultrasonic waves along the axial center of the water tank 13.
In the present embodiment, two injection devices 16 are installed on the side wall of the water tank 13, and are provided on the upper part of the water tank 13 so as to be symmetric about the central axis. As shown in FIG. 3, each injection device 16 is set to inject water at a predetermined angle with respect to the side wall of the water tank 13. Thereby, when each injection device 16 operates, water 14 will be stirred in water tank 13, and water 14 will flow in the peripheral direction.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the first sieve 17 is provided below each injection device 16, and prevents the fragments of the intermediate film 1 from falling in the water tank 13 to allow the glass 2 fragments to fall. . The second sieve 18 is provided below the first sieve 17, prevents the glass 2 fragments from falling in the water tank 13, and allows the foreign matter 4 to fall. As shown in FIG. 4, in the present embodiment, each sieve 17, 18 is a grid-like net provided so as to partition the inside of the water tank 13. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 4 (a), the first sieve 17 is made of a thread having a diameter of about 2 mm made of metal or the like and arranged at an interval of about 50 mm to about 100 mm. Further, as shown in FIG. 4B, the second sieve 18 is formed by arranging yarns made of metal or the like having a diameter of about 0.4 mm at intervals of about 0.5 mm.

  A laminated glass separation and recovery method using the laminated glass separation and recovery apparatus 10 configured as described above will be described with reference to the flowchart shown in FIG.

  First, the laminated glass 3 conveyed by the conveyor 11 is cracked without contact (cracking step 100). In the present embodiment, as described above, the infrared irradiation device 12 is used to irradiate near infrared rays, and the molecules of the laminated glass 3 are forcibly vibrated and heated, as shown in FIG. 6B. The glass 3 is thermally strained and cracked. That is, cracks can be made in a short time compared to those caused by heat conduction or the like.

  The cracked laminated glass 3 falls from the end of the conveyor 11 to the water tank 13 and is immersed in water 14 that is a cooling liquid (glass cooling step 200). Thereby, the cracked laminated glass 3 is cooled, and the crack generated in the laminated glass 3 further proceeds due to the thermal distortion caused by the cooling. In particular, in this embodiment, since the infrared irradiation device 12 is installed on the terminal end side of the conveyor 11, the laminated glass 3 is immersed in the water 14 in a state where the heat amount of infrared irradiation remains in the laminated glass 3. That is, the temperature difference when immersed in the water 14 increases, and the amount of thermal strain due to cooling increases. Therefore, the crack which arose in the laminated glass 3 can be advanced efficiently. Further, when the intermediate film 1 is immersed in the water 14, the bonding force with the glass 2 is reduced.

  Then, in the water, the laminated glass 3 is impacted by the ultrasonic irradiation device 15 and / or each spraying device 16 using water to generate a crushed laminated glass in a state where the intermediate film 1 and the glass 2 are separated. (Crushing step 300).

  That is, as one method, there is a method in which ultrasonic waves are applied to the cracked laminated glass 3 that is put into a water tank. Water is repeatedly pressurized and depressurized locally by ultrasonic waves, and innumerable fine bubbles are generated when the pressure is reduced. It occurs even between the glass 2 and the intermediate film 1 and promotes peeling.

  As another method, as shown in FIG. 3, there is a method of injecting high-pressure water into a water tank containing laminated glass 3. In the water tank 13, the laminated glass 3 is stirred together with the water 14, whereby a shearing force acts between the intermediate film 1 and the glass 2. Therefore, these can be reliably separated.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 1 using the above two methods at the same time, the laminated glass 3 stirred in the water tank 13 by a high-pressure jet may be irradiated with ultrasonic waves from the ultrasonic irradiation device 15. As shown in FIG. 3, bubbles as shown in FIG. 6 (c) are generated around the laminated glass 3 stirred in water by the high-pressure jet and disappear to generate an impact force. At this time, since cavitation also occurs between the intermediate film 1 and the glass 2, peeling is further promoted, and the intermediate film 1 and the glass 2 can be more reliably separated.

  Here, although the glass 2 breaks brittlely in the crushing step 300, the resin intermediate film 1 is much more ductile than the glass 2 and is ductile broken. That is, the fragments of the glass 2 in the crushed glass are smaller than the fragments of the intermediate film 1.

  Next, the intermediate film 1 is taken out from the crushed glass using the first sieve 17 (intermediate film separation step 400). In this embodiment, when the crushed laminated glass falling in the water passes through the first sieve 17, the passage of the fragments of the intermediate film 1 is prevented, and the passage of the fragments of the glass 2 that is smaller than the intermediate film 1 is prevented. Permissible.

  Further, the glass 2 is taken out from the crushed glass from which the intermediate film 1 has been taken out using the second sieve 18 (glass separation step 500). In the present embodiment, when the crushed laminated glass falling in the water passes through the second sieve 18, the passage of broken pieces of the glass 2 is prevented, and the passage of the foreign material 4 smaller than the glass 2 is allowed.

  Then, by removing each of the sieves 17 and 18 from the water tank 13, the intermediate film 1 and the glass 2 are separated and collected and transferred to a process such as recycling.

  As described above, according to the laminated glass separation and recovery method of the present embodiment, the laminated glass 3 is cracked in a non-contact manner, so that the purity of the recovered glass 2 can be remarkably increased. That is, unlike the conventional case where metal or the like is crushed by contact, foreign matter 4 such as metal subjected to crushing is not mixed into the glass 2 to be collected. Moreover, since the foreign material 4 originally attached to the laminated glass 3 is also separated from the glass 2 in the glass separation step 500, the purity of the recovered glass 2 can be further increased.

  In addition, in the said embodiment, the thing which vibrates a molecule | numerator directly by irradiating an infrared ray and cracks the laminated glass 3 was shown, However, You may produce a thermal distortion by heat conduction etc. . Also, other devices may be used as long as they can crack the laminated glass 3 in a non-contact manner. For example, a shock wave is generated in the air or the laminated glass 3 is vibrated to form the laminated glass 3. You may add power.

  Moreover, in the said embodiment, although the laminated glass 3 of the heated state was immersed in the water 14 as a cooling liquid in the state in which the calorie | heat amount of infrared irradiation remained in the laminated glass 3, the infrared rays were shown. Needless to say, even if the irradiation device 12 is disposed at a position separated from the water tank 13, thermal cracking is caused by the immersion in the water 14, and cracking proceeds.

  Moreover, in the said embodiment, what provided the ultrasonic irradiation apparatus 15 and each injection apparatus 16 was shown, However, Of course, the structure of only any one apparatus may be sufficient. Furthermore, as long as it applies an impact in the water tank 14, for example, it may be configured using another device such as a stirring device or the like, and other specific details such as a detailed structure may be appropriately determined. Of course, it can be changed.

It is a schematic block diagram of the laminated glass separation collection | recovery apparatus which shows one Embodiment of this invention. It is a top view of the laminated glass cracked by the infrared irradiation device. It is perspective explanatory drawing which shows the state in which a laminated glass is stirred in a water tank. It is the upper side figure of each sieve, Comprising: (a) shows the 1st sieve, (b) is the figure which showed the 2nd sieve. It is process explanatory drawing of the laminated glass isolation | separation collection method. It is side surface sectional drawing of a laminated glass, (a) shows an initial state, (b) shows the state where the infrared irradiation device was cracked, (c) shows the state where an impact was applied in the water tank. FIG.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Intermediate film 2 Glass 3 Laminated glass 4 Foreign material 10 Laminated glass isolation | separation collection | recovery apparatus 11 Conveyor 12 Infrared irradiation apparatus 13 Water tank 14 Water 15 Ultrasonic irradiation apparatus 16 Injection apparatus 17 1st sieve 18 2nd sieve 19 Sieve movement mechanism

Claims (6)

A method for separating and recovering laminated glass having a resin intermediate film and glass bonded to the front and back of the intermediate film,
A cracking step for cracking the laminated glass in a non-contact manner;
A glass cooling step in which the laminated glass cracked in the cracking step is immersed in a cooling liquid;
A crushing step of applying impact to the laminated glass in the cooling liquid to produce a crushed glass in a state where the intermediate film and the glass are separated, and
From the laminated glass crushed material produced in the crushing step, an intermediate membrane separation step of taking out the intermediate membrane using a first sieve,
And a glass separation step of taking out the glass using a second sieve from the crushed laminated glass from which the intermediate membrane has been taken out in the intermediate membrane separation step. .   The method for separating and collecting laminated glass according to claim 1, wherein in the cracking step, the laminated glass is cracked by irradiating infrared rays to the laminated glass. 3. The laminated glass according to claim 2 , wherein the laminated glass is immersed in a cooling liquid in the glass cooling step in a state where the heat of infrared irradiation in the cracking step remains in the laminated glass. Method for separating and collecting laminated glass.   The separation of laminated glass according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein in the separation step, an impact is applied to the laminated glass in the cooling liquid using ultrasonic waves. Collection method.   The laminated glass according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein, in the separation step, an impact is applied by spraying a high-pressure liquid onto the laminated glass in the cooling liquid. Separation and recovery method.   4. The method according to claim 1, wherein in the separation step, an ultrasonic wave is applied to the laminated glass in the cooling liquid and a high-pressure liquid is sprayed to apply an impact. The method for separating and recovering laminated glass according to Item.

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