JP4295701B2 - Hot water supply system - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a hot water supply heat source system including a cogeneration hot water supply heat source device that supplies hot water accumulated in a hot water storage tank to a hot water supply destination using exhaust heat of a power generation device such as a polymer electrolyte fuel cell (PEFC). It is.

  In recent years, as a system capable of achieving an energy saving effect, for example, a cogeneration hot water supply heat source device that supplies hot water accumulated in a hot water storage tank to a hot water supply destination using waste heat of a power generation device such as a polymer electrolyte fuel cell It has been proposed (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

  FIG. 10 shows an example of a cogeneration hot water supply heat source device. The cogeneration hot water supply heat source device 3 includes a power generation device 1 and a hot water storage tank 2, and the power generation device 1 is connected to a plurality of power load devices (not shown in FIG. 10) such as a refrigerator, an air conditioner, and a light. Has been. The hot water storage tank 2 includes a water supply path 11 for introducing water into the hot water storage tank 2 and a hot water supply path 12 for supplying hot water from the hot water storage tank 2, and a hot water temperature detection sensor 100 is provided in the hot water supply path 12.

  Between the hot water storage tank 2 and the power generation device 1, a cooling water introduction passage 13 and a waste hot water introduction passage 14 are provided. The cooling water introduction passage 13 uses the water in the hot water storage tank 2 as cooling water for the power generation device 1. The water is introduced into the power generation device 1 side and heated by exhaust heat generated during power generation by the power generation device 1 to form hot water having a set temperature of, for example, 60 ° C., and is accumulated in the hot water storage tank 2 through the exhaust hot water introduction passage 14. That is, the cooling water introduction passage 13 and the exhaust hot water introduction passage 14 form a means for heating the water in the hot water storage tank 2 by the exhaust heat of the power generator 1 to make hot water.

  A drainage passage 15 for draining the water in the hot water storage tank 2 is provided below the hot water storage tank 2, and a drainage valve (for example, a drainage electromagnetic valve) 52 is provided in the drainage path 15. A pressure relief passage 16 is provided above the hot water storage tank 2, and an overpressure relief valve 50 is provided in the pressure relief passage 16. The hot water tank 2 is usually filled with hot water or water. In this figure, the region filled with hot water is indicated by hatching in order to make the drawing easy to understand.

  In the cogeneration hot water supply heat source device 3, when the power generation device 1 is activated, water stored in the lower part of the hot water tank 2 is introduced into the power generation device 1 through the cooling water introduction passage 13, and is discharged when the power generation device 1 generates power. The hot water is heated to be hot water, and this hot water is introduced into the hot water tank 2 from the upper side of the hot water tank 2 through the exhaust hot water introduction passage 14. When this operation is repeated, the water on the lower side of the hot water tank 2 is made hot by the exhaust heat of the power generator 1 and introduced into the upper side of the hot water tank 2, so that the hot water tank 2 shown by the broken line A in FIG. The boundary line between the water and hot water inside moves to the lower side of the hot water tank 2.

  For example, if the hot water storage tank 2 is entirely filled with hot water having a power generation allowable temperature (eg, 55 ° C. lower than the set temperature) or higher, the cooling water cannot be introduced into the power generation device 1. It cannot generate electricity.

  Further, when the hot water in the hot water tank 2 is supplied to an appropriate hot water supply place through the hot water supply channel 12, the hot water is supplied from the water supply pipe 11 into the hot water tank 2 by the amount of hot water reduced by this water supply. A boundary line between water and hot water in the hot water tank 2 indicated by a broken line A in FIG.

  The cogeneration hot water supply heat source device 3 as described above is often used in combination with, for example, an auxiliary hot water supply heat source device including a hot water heater. When the auxiliary hot water supply heat source device and the cogeneration hot water supply heat source device 3 are provided side by side, a combined hot water supply heat source system is formed.

JP2003-120998

  By the way, although it is desirable that the cogeneration hot water supply heat source device 3 generates power continuously at a substantially constant load from the viewpoint of the stability and life of the power generation device 1, the change in power demand and the amount of heat stored in the hot water storage tank 2 Accordingly, since the power generation is started and stopped according to the above, it is difficult for the power generation apparatus 1 to operate continuously with a substantially constant load. Therefore, there has been a problem of deterioration of the power generation device 1 due to repeated start / stop, and particularly when the power generation device 1 is formed of a fuel cell, the deterioration is large.

  The present invention has been made to solve the above-described conventional problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide an economical hot water supply heat source system that can increase the stability and extend the life of the power generation device. is there.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention has the following configuration as means for solving the problems. That is, the first invention is a hot water supply heat source system including a cogeneration hot water supply heat source device that supplies hot water accumulated in a hot water storage tank to a hot water supply destination using exhaust heat of the power generation device, wherein the power generation device includes a plurality of power loads. The power generation device is configured to operate in correspondence with the total value of power demand corresponding to the operation status of these power load devices, and each of the plurality of power load devices is operated. It has data indicating the power demand information of the operation status corresponding to each time on the time axis as a device that repeatedly starts and stops, and information on the timing of start / stop on the time axis A communicable power load device that communicates the data to the communication device, and a total value of power demand corresponding to the operation status of the entire communicable power load device connected to the power generation device is predetermined. Power Against the demand upper threshold, the time when the case where the total value of the on-axis the power demand can be a higher the power demand upper threshold occurs, the power of the data of each communicable power load devices taken into the communication device The plurality of communicable power loads with reference to the demand amount information and the start / stop timing information so that the total value of the power demand amount is less than the upper power demand threshold in all the sections on the time axis. and a means for solving the problems with the configuration having a power load device boot timing adjusting unit that adjusts by shifting the equipment mutual activation timing.

Further, in addition to the configuration of the first invention, the second invention includes a power generation device that includes a power demand amount in an operation state corresponding to each time on the time axis and start / stop on the time axis. In addition to the communicable power load device that communicates both information data to the communication device, the communication device transmits information data of only one of the information on only the start / stop timing on the time axis. Communicable power load equipment that communicates to the communication device, and information on the power demand of the operating status corresponding to each time on the time axis of the communicable power load equipment that communicates the data of the one information to the communication device The data of the power demand data of the driving situation corresponding to each time on the time axis captured from the power generation device, and the communicable power load device that communicates both the data to the communication device was communicated to the communication device The driving situation Based on both information of power demand and start / stop timing, and information on the start / stop timing communicated from the communicable power load device that communicates the data on one side to the communication device to the communication device It is given by the learning data estimated. Furthermore, in addition to the configuration of the first invention, the third invention is configured such that, in addition to the communicable power load device that communicates with the communication device, a power load device that is not in communication with the communication device is connected to the power generation device. The data indicating the power demand information of the operation status corresponding to each time on the time axis of the non-communication power load device and the information on the start / stop timing on the time axis are the power generator Corresponding to each time on the time axis obtained by adjusting the start timing shift between the communicable power load devices by the power load device start timing adjustment unit using only data of communicable power load devices connected to Data on power demand information and the power demand in the operating status corresponding to each hour of the power generation equipment indicating the total power demand of communicable power load equipment and non-communication power load equipment actually obtained from the power generation equipment Given by the estimation data based on the difference between the amount information data and the power load device activation timing adjustment unit, the communication power load device connected to the power generation device and the non-communication power load device as a whole The total value of the power demand on the time axis corresponding to the operating situation is collated with a predetermined power demand upper threshold, and the total value of the power demand on the time axis is equal to or greater than the power demand upper threshold. When a situation arises, the power demand amount information and the start / stop timing information of each communicable power load device captured by the communication device are referred to, and the power in all intervals on the time axis The start-up timing of the plurality of communicable power load devices is shifted and adjusted such that the total value of the demand amount is less than the power demand upper threshold value.

Furthermore, a fourth invention is a hot water supply heat source system including a cogeneration hot water supply heat source device for supplying hot water accumulated in a hot water storage tank to a hot water supply destination using exhaust heat of the power generation device, wherein the power generation device includes a plurality of power loads. The power generator is configured to operate when the total value of power demand corresponding to the operation status of these power load devices is equal to or higher than a preset lower threshold of power demand, connected to the device, and the plurality of power At least one of the load devices is a device that repeatedly and intermittently starts and stops the operation, and information on the power demand of the operation status corresponding to each time on the time axis and the start on the time axis -It has data indicating stop timing information, and is configured as a communicable power load device that communicates the data to the communication device, and the start timing of intermittent operation of the communicable power load device is the communication Predictive estimation based on data communicated to the device, and start and stop at that time when the total value of power demand of a plurality of power load devices connected to the power generation device is likely to be less than the lower threshold of power demand The configuration includes an intermittent operation device activation timing control unit that shifts the activation timing of the communicable power load device therein by the setting advance time earlier than the estimated activation time. Furthermore, in addition to the configuration of any one of the first to fourth inventions described above, the fifth aspect of the invention provides exhaust heat from the power generation device or the power generation between the hot water storage tank of the cogeneration hot water supply heat source device and the power generation device. Means is provided for heating the water in the hot water storage tank using the heat of the exhaust heat absorbing fluid of the apparatus to make hot water, accumulating the hot water formed by the means in the hot water storage tank, It is characterized by being configured to supply to a hot water supply destination through a hot water supply path.

Furthermore, the sixth invention is an auxiliary hot water supply heat source device having a function of supplying hot water prepared by heating the water flow to the hot water supply destination in addition to the configuration of any one of the first to fifth inventions. Is connected to the cogeneration hot water supply heat source device, and the passage of hot water supplied from the hot water storage tank of the cogeneration hot water supply heat source device communicates with the water supply inlet of the auxiliary hot water supply heat source device, and uses only the hot water of the hot water storage tank as the heat source. When hot water is supplied, the hot water in the hot water storage tank is supplied to the hot water supply destination via the auxiliary hot water supply heat source device in a non-heated drive state as means for solving the problem.

Further, the seventh invention solves the problem by having a configuration in which the power generation device is a fuel cell that generates electricity by reacting hydrogen and oxygen in addition to the configuration of any one of the first to sixth inventions. As a means.

In the present invention, the power demand amount corresponding to the operation status of the entire communicable power load device connected to the power generator in the configurations having the first and second inventions having the power load device activation timing adjustment unit. the sum against a predetermined power demand upper threshold of, when a case where on the time axis the sum of the power demand can be a higher the power demand upper threshold occurs, the respective communication taken into the communication device With reference to the information on the power demand amount of the data of the possible power load equipment and the information on the start / stop timing, the total value of the power demand amount is less than the power demand upper threshold in all the sections on the time axis. in so adjusted by shifting the plurality of communicable power load devices mutual activation timing, it can be suppressed according to the load power generation device due to the large power demand at a time, the power generation device It is possible to operate in a stable manner. Therefore, an economical hot water supply heat source system that can extend the life of the power generator can be realized. A device having the configuration of the third aspect of the invention having a power load device activation timing adjustment unit can estimate data of a non-communication power load device connected to the power generation device and can communicate with the non-communication power load device. The same effect is produced by collating the total value of power demand corresponding to the operation status of the entire power load device with a predetermined power demand upper threshold.

Further, in the present invention, in the configuration having the intermittent operation equipment activation timing control unit, connected to the power generation device to repeatedly start and stop the operation repeatedly, information on the timing of the start and stop on the time axis, The intermittent operation device activation timing control unit predicts and estimates the start timing of intermittent operation of the communicable power load device that communicates the data indicating the communication device to the power generation device. When the total power demand amount of a plurality of connected power load devices is likely to be less than the lower threshold for power demand, the start timing of the communicable power load devices that are in the stop state is determined from the predicted start time also since it shifted earlier by the set advance interval, possible to suppress the total power demand is less than a preset power demand lower threshold, Can stop the collector by suppressing, Runode possible to suppress the starting and stopping of the power generation device occurs frequently, economical hot water supply heat source system life of the power generation apparatus can be made longer be realized.

  Furthermore, in the present invention, hot water formed by means provided between the hot water storage tank of the cogeneration hot water supply heat source device and the power generation device is accumulated in the hot water storage tank, and the hot water of this hot water storage tank is provided in the hot water storage tank. According to the configuration of supplying to the hot water supply destination through the hot water supply path, hot water accumulation by the cogeneration hot water supply heat source device and hot water supply from the hot water storage tank can be performed efficiently.

  Furthermore, in the present invention, an auxiliary hot water supply heat source device having a function of supplying hot water created by heating water to the hot water supply destination is provided together with the cogeneration hot water supply heat source device, and the hot water storage of the cogeneration hot water supply heat source device The passage of hot water supplied from the tank is connected to the water supply inlet of the auxiliary hot water supply heat source device, and when hot water is supplied using only the hot water in the hot water storage tank as a heat source, the auxiliary hot water supply heat source device in a state where the hot water in the hot water storage tank is not heated is used. According to the configuration in which hot water is supplied to the hot water supply destination via the hot water supply passage from the hot water storage tank of the cogeneration hot water supply heat source device and the water supply inlet of the auxiliary hot water supply heat source device, a complex system with a simple system configuration can be obtained. It is possible to form hot water efficiently.

  Furthermore, in the present invention, according to the configuration in which the power generation device is a fuel cell that reacts hydrogen and oxygen to generate electricity, by using the power generation device as a fuel cell, a substance that adversely affects the environment is not discharged. Since the cogeneration hot water supply heat source device can be operated, an environmentally friendly hot water supply heat source system can be constructed.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

  FIG. 2 shows a system configuration of an embodiment of a hot water supply heat source system according to the present invention. As shown in FIG. 2, the present embodiment heats the water of the cogeneration hot water supply heat source device 3 that supplies the hot water accumulated in the hot water storage tank 2 to the hot water supply destination using the exhaust heat of the power generation device 1, and the water that passes through the water. This is a combined hot water supply system with an auxiliary hot water supply heat source device 4 for supplying hot water prepared in this manner to a hot water supply destination. In addition, in the cogeneration hot water supply heat source apparatus 3, the overlapping description about the same structure as FIG. 10 is abbreviate | omitted or simplified.

The power generator 1 applied in the present embodiment is formed by a fuel cell such as a polymer electrolyte fuel cell (PEFC), for example, and is extracted from a fuel such as city gas by the reverse reaction of water electrolysis. This is a device for generating electricity by reacting the generated hydrogen 2H ⁺ with oxygen (1/2) O ₂ in the air.

  The power generation apparatus 1 is connected to a plurality of power load devices (not shown in FIG. 2), and a power demand lower portion in which a total value of power demand corresponding to the operation status of the plurality of power load devices is preset. The power generation device 1 is configured to operate when the threshold value is exceeded. Moreover, the electric power generating apparatus 1 is comprised so that it may operate | move corresponding to the total value of the electric power demand corresponding to the driving | running condition of these electric power load apparatuses.

  A system having a cogeneration hot water supply heat source device 3 including a power generation device 1 and a hot water storage tank 2 is attracting attention as a system capable of producing an energy saving effect. In this embodiment, in particular, the power generation device 1 is a fuel. By forming the battery, the cogeneration hot water supply heat source device 3 can be operated without discharging substances that adversely affect the environment, and an environmentally friendly hot water supply heat source system can be constructed.

  In the present embodiment, the capacity of the hot water tank 2 is, for example, 200 L, and the hot water tank 2 is provided with hot water temperature detection sensors 101 to 111 in the hot water tank at intervals.

  In this embodiment, the cogeneration hot water supply heat source device 3 and the auxiliary hot water supply heat source device 4 are connected to the hot water mixing unit 10 via the connection passage 45, and the hot water supply path 12 of the cogeneration hot water supply heat source device 3 is connected. A flow rate sensor 70 that detects the flow rate of hot water fed from the hot water supply path 12 is provided on the outlet side. Further, a branch passage 11 b of the water supply passage 11 is connected to the hot water / mixing unit 10. A water supply temperature sensor 112 is provided in the water supply path 11.

  The hot water mixing unit 10 is supplied with water from the water supply path 11, a hot water on / off valve 54 that opens and closes the hot water supply path 12, a hot water proportional valve 55 that variably controls the flow rate of hot water supplied from the hot water supply path 12 according to the valve opening degree. And a flow rate sensor 71 provided on the inlet side of the connection passage 45. The hot water on / off valve 54 and the hot water proportional valves 55 and 56 are all formed by a gear motor. A hot water temperature detection sensor 120 is provided on the outlet side of the hot water supply passage 12, and a hot water temperature detection sensor 118 is provided on the inlet side of the connection passage 45.

  The auxiliary hot water supply heat source device 4 is a device having a function of supplying hot water prepared by heating water flowing through water to a hot water supply destination, and has a hot water heater 5 (5a, 5b). The water heater 5 (5a, 5b) has combustion chambers 23, 24, respectively. In the combustion chamber 23 of the water heater 5 a, a burner 6, a combustion fan 8 that supplies and exhausts combustion of the burner 6, and a hot water supply heat exchanger 19 that is heated by the combustion of the burner 6 are provided. Further, in the combustion chamber 24 of the water heater 5b, a burner 7, a combustion fan 9 for supplying and exhausting combustion of the burner 7, and a reheating heat exchanger 25 heated by the combustion of the burner 7 are provided. Yes.

  Gas pipes 21 and 22 for supplying fuel to the burners 6 and 7 are connected to the burners 6 and 7, and these gas pipes 21 and 22 are branched from the gas pipe 20. The gas pipe 20 is provided with a gas on / off valve 80, the gas pipe 21 has a gas proportional valve 86 and gas on / off valves 81, 82, and 83, and the gas pipe 22 has a gas proportional valve 87 and a gas on the gas pipe 22. On-off valves 84 and 85 are interposed, respectively. These valves 80 to 87 are all formed by electromagnetic valves, the gas on-off valves 80 to 85 control the fuel supply / stop to the corresponding burners 6 and 7, and the gas proportional valves 86 and 87 correspond to the corresponding valves. The amount of fuel supplied to the burners 6 and 7 is controlled by the valve opening.

  A water supply introduction passage 18 is provided on the inlet side of the hot water heat exchanger 19, and this water supply introduction passage 18 is connected to the connection passage 45. A flow rate sensor 73 that detects the amount of hot water flowing through the water supply introduction passage 18 is provided on the inlet side of the water supply introduction passage 18.

  A hot water supply passage 26 is provided on the outlet side of the hot water supply heat exchanger 19, and the front end side of the hot water supply passage 26 is connected to the water supply introduction passage 18 via a branch passage 90 and a hot water passage switching valve 58. In the hot water supply passage 26, a hot water temperature detection sensor 113 is provided on the downstream side of the branch portion of the branch passage 90, and a hot water temperature detection sensor 114 is provided on the hot water supply heat exchanger 19 side. An overheat prevention device (thermostat) 115 is provided in the middle of the hot water supply heat exchanger 19.

  One end side of the forward pipe 91 is connected to one end side of the reheating heat exchanger 25, and the other end side of the forward pipe 91 is connected to the bathtub 126 via a circulation fitting 97. Further, a passage 93 is connected to the other end side of the reheating heat exchanger 25, and the other end side of the passage 93 is connected to a discharge port of the circulation pump 94. One end side of the return pipe 96 is connected to the suction port of the circulation pump 94, and the other end side of the return pipe 96 is connected to the bathtub 126 through the circulation fitting 97. The return pipe 96 is provided with a bathtub hot water temperature detection sensor 127.

  Reheating for recirculating hot water in the bathtub by circulating the hot water in the bathtub 126 by driving the circulation pump 94 by the outgoing pipe 91, the reheating heat exchanger 25, the passage 93, the circulation pump 94, and the return pipe 96. A circulation passage 99 is formed.

Also, the hot water supply passage 26 is provided downstream of the formation portion of the branch passage 90 and the arrangement portion of the tapping hot water temperature detection sensor 113, and the pouring introduction passage for bath as a hot water supply passage from the hot water supply source to the bathtub 126. 95 is connected, and the bath pouring introduction passage 95 is connected to the passage 93. Note The water introduction passage 95 for a bath, hot water off valve 59, check valves 6 2, the flow rate sensor 74, the water level sensor 125 is provided. The water level sensor 125 detects the water level of the bathtub 126 by water pressure.

  A hot water filling passage is constituted by the passage from the hot water supply heat exchanger 19 through the hot water supply passage 26, the bath pouring introduction passage 95, the passage 93, the reheating heat exchanger 25, and the outgoing pipe 91 to the bathtub 126 in this order. ing.

  In FIG. 2, a hot water supply place such as a kitchen and the bathtub 126 are shown as hot water supply destinations, but various modes of hot water supply systems that supply hot water to appropriate hot water supply destinations such as a hot water heater can be configured.

  The system configuration of the present embodiment is configured as described above. On the cogeneration hot water supply heat source device 3 side, hot water is accumulated in the hot water storage tank 2 using the exhaust heat of the power generation apparatus 1, and the hot water storage tank 2 Depending on the heat storage amount or the value corresponding to the heat storage amount, for example, based on hot water supply heat source switching control information given in advance, hot water supply using the hot water storage tank 2 as a hot water supply heat source, and hot water supply using the auxiliary hot water supply heat source device 4 as a hot water supply heat source, Is appropriately performed. Note that the amount of heat stored in the hot water tank 2 or a value corresponding to the amount of stored heat is appropriately determined based on, for example, the detected temperatures of the hot water temperature detection sensors 101 to 111 in the hot water tank.

  In the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1, communication is performed for communication with at least one (three in this case) communicable power load devices 17a, 17b, and 17c among the plurality of power load devices. A device 27 is provided, and the communication device 27 includes a power load device activation timing adjustment unit 37 and an intermittent operation device activation timing control unit 38.

The communicable power load devices 17a, 17b, and 17c are devices that repeatedly start and stop the operation, and information on the power demand in the operation status corresponding to each time on the time axis and the time axis Data indicating start / stop timing information. Further, the communicable power load devices 17a, 17b, and 17c can be started and stopped by a command from a cogeneration system, for example. The data is communicated to the communication device 27, and its own start / stop timing and power This is a power load device capable of notifying the communication device 27 of the demand. As this type of power load equipment, there are equipment that uses a compressor such as an air conditioner, refrigerator, etc., and equipment that has a heating wire heater such as an electric heater or an electric kettle. 17a is an air conditioner, communicable power load device 17b is a refrigerator, and communicable power load device 17c is an electric pot.

The power load device activation timing adjustment unit 37 is based on information obtained through communication between the communication device 27 and the communicable power load devices 17a, 17b, and 17c . The total value of the power demand corresponding to the operation status of the entire 17b, 17c is collated with a predetermined power demand upper threshold, and the total value of the power demand on the time axis can be equal to or greater than the power demand upper threshold. When a case arises, the power demand in all sections on the time axis is referred to by referring to the information on the power demand of the data of each communicable power load device and the information on the start / stop timing taken into the communication device 27. The start timings of the plurality of communicable power load devices 17a, 17b, and 17c are shifted and adjusted so that the total amount is less than the power demand upper threshold. It is intended to.

  In the present embodiment example, the power load device activation timing adjustment unit 37 determines the power demand of the power load device based on the power demand amount capture information corresponding to the operation status of the communicable power load devices 17a, 17b, and 17c. The start timing of the communicable power load devices 17a, 17b, and 17c to be started is shifted so that the total amount is less than the predetermined power demand upper threshold.

  In other words, for example, the communication information of the power demand intake corresponding to the operation status of the three communicable power load devices 17a, 17b, and 17c is as shown in FIGS. 3 (a), (b), and (c), respectively. Suppose that it is information. In FIG. 3, W on the vertical axis indicates the power demand, and t on the horizontal axis indicates time. In this case, if the power demand amount overlaps as it is, the total value of the power demand amount becomes equal to or higher than the power demand upper threshold (for example, W = 1100) as shown in FIG.

  Therefore, the power load device activation timing adjustment unit 37 shifts the activation timing of the power load device 17a as shown in FIG. 4A, for example, and the power load devices 17b and 17c shown in FIGS. 3B and 3C. 4 are shifted in the direction of delaying, respectively, so that the power demand corresponding to the driving situation is shown in FIGS. 4B and 4C.

  Then, the total value of the power demands obtained by superimposing the power demands shown in FIGS. 4A, 4B, and 4C is as shown in FIG. The power demand upper threshold value (for example, W = 1100) can be set.

Further, the intermittent operation device activation timing control unit 38 performs communication with the plurality of communicable power load devices 17a, 17b, and 17c, and sets in advance among the communicable power load devices 17a, 17b, and 17c. The start timing of one or more intermittently operating devices (here, the power load device 17b) that operates intermittently for a period or longer is predicted and estimated based on the data transmitted to the communication device 27 .

  And the intermittent operation apparatus starting timing control part 38 seems that the total value of the electric power demand of the some communicable electric power load apparatus 17a, 17b, 17c connected to the said electric power generating apparatus 1 will become less than the said electric power demand lower threshold. Sometimes, the start timing of the intermittent operation device (power load device 17b) is shifted earlier than the estimated start time by a setting advance time.

  The intermittent operation device is a refrigerator, an air conditioner, or the like, and is a refrigerator in this embodiment. In a refrigerator of a type that cools by repeatedly turning on and off the operation, cooling starts when the temperature in the refrigerator reaches a set temperature, but there is no problem even if this cooling start timing is somewhat advanced, this embodiment In the example, the cooling start timing (start timing of the communicable power load device 17b) is set when the total power demand amount of the communicable power load devices 17a, 17b, and 17c is likely to be less than the power demand lower threshold. I try to shift it ahead of time by the advance time.

In this embodiment, as described above, the communication device 27 that performs communication with the plurality of communicable power load devices 17a, 17b, and 17c is provided, and the power load device activation timing adjustment unit 37 of the communication device 27 is configured as described above. The total value of the power demands of a plurality of power load devices (here, three communicable power load devices 17a, 17b, 17c ) connected to the power generation device 1 is less than a predetermined power demand upper threshold. Since the start timing of at least one of the communicable power load devices 17a, 17b, and 17c to be started is shifted, it is possible to prevent a value that is greater than the power demand upper threshold in all sections on the time axis , It can suppress that the load by the big electric power demand is applied to the electric power generating apparatus 1 at once, and can operate the electric power generating apparatus 1 stably.

  In the present embodiment, the intermittent operation device activation timing control unit 38 of the communication device 27 causes the total power demand amount of the plurality of power load devices 17a, 17b, ... to be less than the power demand lower threshold. In such a case, since the start timing of the intermittent operation device (for example, the power load device 17b) among the power load devices 17a, 17b,... Is shifted earlier than the estimated start time by the setting advance time, It can suppress that a total value becomes less than the preset power demand lower threshold.

  Therefore, since the stop of the electric power generating apparatus 1 can be suppressed and the example of this embodiment can suppress starting / stopping of the electric power generating apparatus 1 frequently, the lifetime of the electric power generating apparatus 1 can be lengthened.

  Furthermore, in this embodiment, the hot water formed by the means arranged between the hot water storage tank 2 of the cogeneration hot water supply heat source device 3 and the power generation apparatus 1 is accumulated in the hot water storage tank 2, and the hot water in the hot water storage tank 2 is stored. Since hot water is supplied to the hot water supply destination through the hot water supply passage provided in the hot water storage tank 2, hot water accumulation by the cogeneration hot water supply heat source device 3 and hot water supply from the hot water storage tank 2 can be performed efficiently.

  Further, according to the present embodiment, the auxiliary hot water supply heat source device 4 is provided together with the cogeneration hot water supply heat source device 3, and the passage of hot water supplied from the hot water storage tank 2 of the cogeneration hot water supply heat source device 3 is the auxiliary hot water supply heat source device. When the hot water supply is performed using only the hot water in the hot water storage tank 2 as a heat source, the hot water in the hot water storage tank 2 is supplied to the hot water supply destination via the auxiliary hot water supply heat source device 4 in a non-heated drive state. By connecting the hot water supply passage from the hot water storage tank 2 of the cogeneration hot water supply heat source device 3 and the water supply inlet of the auxiliary hot water supply heat source device 4, a complex system with a simple system configuration can be formed, and hot water can be efficiently supplied. A hot water supply heat source system can be realized.

  In addition, this invention is not limited to the said embodiment, It can take various aspects. For example, in the above embodiment, the communication device 2 includes the power load device activation timing adjustment unit 37 and the intermittent operation device activation timing control unit 38. However, the power load device activation timing adjustment unit 37 and the intermittent operation device It is good also as a structure which has only any one of the starting timing control part 38, and the lifetime of the electric power generating apparatus 1 can be lengthened also in this case.

  However, if both the power load device activation timing adjustment unit 37 and the intermittent operation device activation timing control unit 38 are provided, it is possible to more reliably suppress the frequent activation and stop of the power generation device 1, and the power generation device 1. Is more preferable because it can be operated stably.

  In addition, the timing control by the power load device activation timing adjustment unit 37 is not limited to the control example shown in the above embodiment, and can take various embodiments. Below, with reference to FIGS. 5-7, the control example is shown. In these figures, t on the vertical axis represents time, and W on the horizontal axis represents power demand.

  For example, the communication device 27 is connected to the communicable power load devices 17a and 17b, and the communicable power load devices 17a and 17b can be started and stopped by a command from the cogeneration hot water supply heat source device 3, It is assumed that the communicable power load device 17b is a power load device that can notify the communication device 27 of its own start / stop timing, but cannot notify the communication device 27 of the power demand.

  Examples of such power load devices include those using compressors such as air conditioners and refrigerators, and devices having heating wire heaters such as electric heaters and electric pots, etc. There are simpler power load devices that can notify the communication device 27 of the start / stop timing of the device itself and the power demand.

Here, it is assumed that information (data) of both the power demand and activation timing of the communicable power load device 17a shown in FIG. 5A is obtained by communication between the communication device 27 and the communicable power load device 17a. . Further, it is assumed that the total value of the power demands of the communicable power load devices 17a and 17b is obtained from the information acquired from the power generation device 1 as the information illustrated in FIG. Further, it is assumed that the activation start time t of the communicable power load device 17b is 0:05, which is obtained by communication between the communication device 27 and the communicable power load device 17b.

  Then, based on the information shown in FIGS. 5A and 5B and the start start timing information of the communicable power load device 17b, the power demand and start timing of the communicable power load device 17b are shown in FIG. 5C. It can be estimated (learned) to be information (data) as shown. Therefore, using this learning data, the power load device activation timing adjustment unit 37 may perform activation timing control of the communicable power load devices 17a and 17b.

  In addition, the power load device activation timing adjustment unit 37 includes the power demand amount capturing information corresponding to the operation status of the communicable power load device obtained by communication between the communication device 27 and the communicable power load device, and the power generation device 1. The total value of the power demand of the power load device is determined in advance based on the captured information of the total value of the power demand corresponding to the operating status of the (all) power load devices connected to You may make it shift the starting timing of the communicable electric power load apparatus by which starting is started so that it may become less than an electric power demand upper threshold.

  For example, the communicable power load devices 17a and 17b can be started and stopped by a command from the cogeneration hot water supply heat source device 3 as in the above-described embodiment, and the communication device can determine its own start / stop timing and power demand. When the information shown in FIGS. 6A and 6B is obtained between the communication device 27 and the communicable power load devices 17a and 17b. When these power demands are combined, a power demand as shown in FIG. 6C is predicted.

  Therefore, when the power load device activation timing adjustment unit 37 controls the activation timing of the communicable power load devices 17a and 17b in order to equalize this, the total value of the power demand is shown in FIG. 7 (a). Although it is estimated to be data, in reality, it is assumed that information on the total value of power demand as shown in FIG.

  This is because, as shown by the broken line in FIG. 1, there is a power load device that is connected to the power generation device 1 but does not (cannot) communicate with the communication device 27. In this case, even if the start timing of the power load device is controlled according to only the power demand information and the start timing information obtained by communication between the communication device 27 and the communicable power load device, the power demand amount of the power load device The total value cannot be less than a predetermined power demand upper threshold.

  Therefore, based on the difference between the data in FIGS. 7A and 7B, the power demand of the power load equipment that does not perform communication is estimated (learned) as shown in FIG. 7C, and this estimated data is taken into account. When the start timing of the communicable power load devices 17a and 17b is controlled as shown in FIG. 7 (d), the total power demand amount of the power load devices is less than a predetermined power demand upper threshold. Can be.

As another example of the power load device, there is a power load device that can communicate with the communication device 27 but cannot be started or stopped by a command from the system. In this case, the communication with the communication device 27, of the start and stop timing and the power demand of the power load device, and if you can tell that both the communication device 27, to alert the user to only the timing of the start and stop there is a case that can and child.

  As an example of these power load devices, there are no or almost no power fluctuations in use, such as lighting devices, and it is impossible for the cogeneration system to control the start and stop operations. .

  When such a power load device is connected to the cogeneration system, the power load device activation timing adjusting unit 37 communicates with such a power load device so that the power corresponding to the operation status of these power load devices. Since demand information can be obtained, the control mode is determined based on this information, but actual start / stop control is performed for a power load device capable of start / stop control.

  For example, when the communicable power load device is an air conditioner or a refrigerator, the communicable power load device can notify the communication device 27 of its own start / stop timing, but informs the communication device 27 of the power demand. If this is not possible, the power demand data corresponding to the set temperature and the room temperature is given in advance, and the power demand data corresponding to the power load devices 17a, 17b,. The power load device activation timing adjustment unit 37 may perform the above timing adjustment operation by referring to the activation timing obtained by communication, and the captured information of the set temperature and the room temperature.

  Furthermore, in the above embodiment, the power generation device 1 of the cogeneration hot water supply heat source device 3 is a fuel cell. However, a gas turbine power generation device, a diesel engine power generation device, or the like can be applied to the power generation device 1, and Heat storage in the hot water storage tank 2 may be performed using exhaust heat, and the fuel and configuration of the power generation device 1 are not particularly limited, and are appropriately set.

  Moreover, in the said embodiment, between the hot water storage tank 2 of the cogeneration hot-water supply heat source apparatus 3, and the electric power generating apparatus 1, the water in the hot water storage tank 2 is heated into hot water using the exhaust heat of the electric power generating apparatus 1. Although the means is provided, as shown in FIGS. 8A and 8B, the means for heating the water in the hot water storage tank 2 using the heat of the exhaust heat absorbing fluid of the power generation apparatus 1 to make hot water is provided. Then, the hot water formed by the means may be accumulated in the hot water tank 2.

  In the configuration shown in FIG. 8A, a circulation line 66 for circulating the exhaust heat absorbing fluid of the power generator 1 is passed through the hot water storage tank 2, and heat is exchanged between the exhaust heat absorbing fluid and the water in the hot water storage tank 2. To make the water in the hot water tank 2 into hot water. Further, at this time, the exhaust heat absorbing fluid is cooled by giving the heat to the water in the hot water tank 2, and the exhaust heat absorbing fluid is sent to the power generator 1 as a cooling fluid.

  Further, the configuration shown in FIG. 8B is a circulation pipe in which a heat exchange member 67 formed of, for example, a copper plate or the like is provided between the hot water tank 2 and the power generation device 1 to circulate the exhaust heat absorbing fluid of the power generation device 1. The passage 66 is passed through the heat exchange member 67, and the heat exchange member 67 is provided with a circulation pipe 68 for circulating the water in the hot water tank 2, and the heat exhausted through the circulation pipe 66 through the heat exchange member 67. Heat exchange is performed between the absorbing fluid and the water passing through the circulation line 68. That is, the heat of the exhaust heat absorbing fluid is given to the water in the hot water storage tank 2 passing through the circulation pipe 68 through the heat exchange member 67 to turn the water in the hot water storage tank 2 into hot water. It cools to make a cooling fluid.

  In the above embodiment, the water supply channel 11 is connected to the water supply introduction passage 18 of the auxiliary hot water supply heat source device 4 via the hot water mixing unit 10, but as shown in FIG. It may be connected to the hot water supply passage 26 side via the valve 69, or the water supply passage 11 is connected to both the water supply introduction passage 18 and the hot water supply passage 26 via the valve 69 as shown in FIG. May be.

  Further, in the above embodiment, the hot water supply path 12 of the hot water storage tank 2 of the cogeneration hot water supply heat source device 3 is communicated with the water supply inlet of the auxiliary hot water supply heat source device 4 via the hot water mixing unit 10 and the connection passage 45. In the invention, the cogeneration hot water supply heat source device 3 and the auxiliary hot water supply heat source device 4 may be provided separately and provided side by side.

  Furthermore, in the above embodiment, the hot water supply device is a complex system having the cogeneration hot water supply heat source device 3 and the auxiliary hot water supply heat source device 4, but is a hot water supply heat source system that does not have the auxiliary hot water supply heat source device 4. You can also.

It is a principal part block diagram which shows the control structure of the communication apparatus in one Example of the hot water supply heat source system which concerns on this invention. It is a principal part block diagram which shows typically the system configuration | structure of one Example of the hot water supply heat source system which concerns on this invention. It is a graph which shows the example of communication information of the electric power demand amount of the communicable electric power load apparatus which a communication apparatus captures in the said embodiment, and its total information example. It is a graph which shows the example of starting timing control of the communicable electric power load apparatus in the said embodiment example. It is a graph which shows the example of acquisition communication information of the electric power demand amount of the electric power load apparatus in other embodiment examples of the hot-water supply heat source system which concerns on this invention, and an example of learning data. It is a graph which shows the example of taking in communication information of the electric power demand amount of the electric power load apparatus in the other embodiment of the hot water supply heat source system which concerns on this invention, and its total example. It is a graph which shows the example of acquisition communication information of the electric power demand amount of the electric power load apparatus in other embodiment examples of the hot-water supply heat source system which concerns on this invention, a learning data example, and a control example. It is explanatory drawing which shows the example of a connection of the electric power generating apparatus and hot water storage tank in the other embodiment of the hot water supply heat source system which concerns on this invention. It is principal part explanatory drawing which shows typically the connection structure of the hot water supply heat source system applied to other example embodiments of the present invention and the water supply path of the cogeneration hot water supply heat source device. It is explanatory drawing which shows typically the structural example and its operation | movement of a cogeneration hot-water supply heat source apparatus.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Power generation device 2 Hot water storage tank 3 Cogeneration hot water supply heat source device 4 Auxiliary hot water supply heat source device 17a, 17b, 17c Communicable power load device 27 Communication device 37 Power load device start timing adjustment unit 38 Intermittent operation device start timing control unit

Claims (7)

In a hot water supply heat source system having a cogeneration hot water supply source that supplies hot water accumulated in a hot water storage tank to the hot water supply destination using exhaust heat of the power generation device, the power generation device is connected to a plurality of power load devices, The power generation device is configured to operate in correspondence with a total value of power demand corresponding to the operation status of the power load device, and each of the plurality of power load devices is a device that repeatedly starts and stops operation. And having data indicating the information on the power demand in the operating situation corresponding to each time on the time axis and the information on the start / stop timing on the time axis. form a communicable power load devices to communicate to, and collated with the power generator connected to the total power demand corresponding to the operation status of the entire communicable power load devices are predetermined power demand upper threshold , When there is a case where the total value of the power demand can be equal to or greater than the power demand upper threshold on the time axis, information on the power demand of the data of each communicable power load device taken into the communication device and start-up with reference to the information of the timing of stopping, shifting the plurality of communicable power load devices mutual start timing so that the total value of the power demand in all the sections is less than the power demand upper threshold on the time axis A hot water supply heat source system comprising a power load device activation timing adjustment unit that adjusts the power load device. The power generation device has a communicable power load that communicates data of both the power demand in the operating state corresponding to each time on the time axis and the start / stop timing on the time axis to the communication device. In addition to the device, a communicable power load device that communicates data of only one of the information on only the start / stop timing on the time axis to the communication device is connected. The data on the power demand information of the operating status corresponding to each time on the time axis of the communicable power load device that communicates the data of the data to the communication device corresponds to each time on the time axis taken from the power generation device The information on both the power demand data of the operating status and the power demand amount of the operating status and the start / stop timing communicated from the communicable power load device that communicates both the data to the communication device to the communication device. And the learning data estimated based on the start / stop timing information communicated from the communicable power load device that communicates the one data to the communication device to the communication device. Item 2. A hot water supply system according to item 1 . In addition to the communicable power load device that communicates with the communication device, the power generation device is connected to a non-communication power load device that corresponds to each time on the time axis of the non-communication power load device. The data indicating the power demand information of the operating status and the start / stop timing information on the time axis is obtained using only the data of the communicable power load device connected to the power generator. Communicable by the power load device start timing adjustment unit Data of power demand information corresponding to each time on the time axis obtained by adjusting the start timing shift between power load devices and the communication actually obtained from the power generator Based on the estimated data based on the difference from the information on the power demand information of the operating status corresponding to each hour of the power generation equipment indicating the total power demand of the power load equipment and the non-communication power load equipment. The power load device activation timing adjustment unit is provided, and the power demand amount on the time axis corresponding to the entire operation status of the communicable power load device connected to the power generation device and the non-communication power load device Are compared with a predetermined power demand upper threshold, and when there is a case where the total value of the power demand can be equal to or greater than the power demand upper threshold on the time axis, each communication taken into the communication device With reference to the information on the power demand amount of the data of the possible power load equipment and the information on the start / stop timing, the total value of the power demand amount is less than the power demand upper threshold in all the sections on the time axis. The hot-water supply heat source system according to claim 1, wherein the start timings of the plurality of communicable power load devices are shifted and adjusted as described above. In a hot water supply heat source system having a cogeneration hot water supply source that supplies hot water accumulated in a hot water storage tank to the hot water supply destination using exhaust heat of the power generation device, the power generation device is connected to a plurality of power load devices, The power generation device is configured to operate when a total value of power demand corresponding to the operation status of the power load device is equal to or greater than a preset power demand lower threshold, and at least one of the plurality of power load devices is Information on the power demand in the operation status corresponding to each time on the time axis and the information on the timing of start / stop on the time axis as a device that repeatedly starts and stops operation have data indicating, form a communicable power load devices that communicate the data to the communication device was communicating the activation timing of the intermittent OPERATION of the communicable power load device to the communication device data With predicted estimated based, the power generation device when the total value of the power demand of the plurality of power connected equipment is likely to be less than the power demand lower threshold is in start-stop when the communication possible power load A hot water supply heat source system comprising an intermittent operation device activation timing control unit that shifts the device activation timing earlier than the estimated activation time by a setting advance time. Means for heating the water in the hot water storage tank between the hot water storage tank of the cogeneration hot water supply heat source device and the power generation apparatus by using the exhaust heat of the power generation apparatus or the heat of the exhaust heat absorbing fluid of the power generation apparatus to make hot water There is deployed, the water formed by the means accumulated in the hot water storage tank, according to claim 1 to claim, characterized in that it forms a structure for supplying the hot water supply destination hot water of the hot water storage tank through the hot water supply passage The hot water supply heat source system according to any one of 4 . An auxiliary hot water supply heat source device having a function of supplying hot water created by heating the water to the hot water supply destination is provided together with the cogeneration hot water supply heat source device, and water is supplied from the hot water storage tank of the cogeneration hot water supply heat source device. The hot water supply passage is connected to the water supply inlet of the auxiliary hot water supply heat source device, and when hot water is supplied using only the hot water in the hot water storage tank as the heat source, the hot water in the hot water storage tank is supplied via the auxiliary hot water supply heat source device in a non-heated drive state The hot water supply heat source system according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the hot water supply system is configured to supply hot water first. Hot water supply heat source system according to the power generation apparatus of any one of claims 1 to 6 and a fuel cell that generates electricity by reacting hydrogen and oxygen.

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