JP4294706B2 - Grain grain quality evaluation system and quality evaluation method - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a quality evaluation system and a quality evaluation method for a grain having a simple and inexpensive configuration capable of objectively and accurately measuring and evaluating the glass ratio of various grains.

  Glass quality is one of the quality evaluation items of barley and bare wheat that are a kind of cereal. Here, the vitreous rate means, for example, the proportion (%) of vitreous present in barley grains. Conventionally, although not assertive, generally, the higher the glass ratio, the harder and the higher the protein.

  Conventionally, most methods for determining the glass ratio of such cereal grains are based on visual (visual) determination.

  That is, it is determined by observing the cut surface of cereal grains with the naked eye of an observer. At this time, as a sample for determination, a standard sample is prepared every year under the agreement of the parties concerned. In this standard sample, the ratio of the area of the vitreous portion in the cross section of the grain and the area of the entire cross section is divided into 10 stages in 10% increments, and used as a standard sample for determining the glass ratio ( Non-patent document 1).

  Thus, since the conventional determination of the glass ratio is performed by the observer's visual observation, there are unstable factors such as individual differences, and a large number of grains cannot be determined at one time. Furthermore, since the standard sample itself is created visually, there is a disagreement that a difference occurs every year.

Saga University has proposed a device for judging the cut surface of bare wheat as a method for judging the glass rate of cereal grains by instrument (Non-Patent Document 1), which clearly discloses a method for judging the glass rate. is not.
Research material of Saga University: Study on quality improvement of large barley from Saga

The problem to be solved by the present invention is that the glass ratio in the glass ratio calculation processing unit is evaluated with each single image of each grain of each grain, such as barley, bare wheat, wheat, There is no grain grain quality assessment system that can objectively and accurately measure and evaluate the glass rate of various grain grains such as rice, and that can easily handle the evaluation of large quantities of grain grains. Is a point.

The grain quality evaluation system according to the present invention includes a grain cutter that cuts a grain and a cross-sectional image of each grain by optically scanning each section of an arbitrary number of grains cut by the grain cutter. An imaging device to acquire, a contour extraction processing unit for a cross-sectional image of each grain obtained by the imaging device, a skin part contour removal processing unit for a contour extraction image, and each contour image extracted after the skin part contour removal The total area of the contour image that is the sum of the weighted areas of the area calculation processing unit that calculates each area of the vitreous part, semi-vitreous part, and powdery part, and the calculated vitreous part and semi-vitreous part And a glass rate calculation processing unit that calculates a glass rate for each grain by performing a comparison operation for each contour image, an image analysis processing unit that performs each processing, and an output that outputs a processing result of the image analysis processing unit a means, and an image processing and evaluating device equipped with the said The glass ratio in the child index calculation processing section, and the most important feature that the characteristic configuration of evaluating with a respective single image of each 1 cereal grains for each cereal grains.

According to the first aspect of the present invention, the glass ratio in the glass ratio calculation processing unit is characterized by evaluating with each single image of each grain of each grain, and in the image analysis processing unit The contour extraction processing unit performs contour extraction processing for each cross-sectional image captured from the imaging device to extract an original contour image, and the epidermis contour removal processing unit extracts each epidermal portion and other parts. The above-described grain cutter, imaging is configured to remove the epidermis portion from the original contour image by image processing considering color difference from the portion, and to generate and process the contour image after removing the contour of the epidermis portion Visual judgment is eliminated based on the configuration using the device and image processing and evaluation device, and it is possible to objectively and accurately measure and confirm and to easily evaluate a large number of grains in a short time. Simple and cheap possible It is possible to provide a cereal grain quality assessment system consisting formed.

According to the invention of claim 2 , the glass rate in the glass rate calculation processing unit is characterized by evaluating with each single image of each one grain for each grain, and in the image analysis processing unit The contour extraction processing unit performs contour extraction processing for each cross-sectional image captured from the imaging device to extract an original contour image, and the epidermis contour removal processing unit extracts each epidermal portion and other parts. Since the epidermis part is removed from the original contour image by image processing considering the color difference from the part, and the contour image after the contour removal of the epidermis part is generated and processed, barley grains such as barley and bare wheat The grain quality which is applied to the above and has the same excellent effects as those of the invention of claim 1 and also allows the processing result of the image analysis processing means to be stored on the storage medium so that the processing result can be easily shared. Evaluation system It is possible to provide a.

According to the invention described in claim 3 , the glass rate in the glass rate calculation processing process is characterized by evaluating with each single image of each grain of each grain, and in the image analysis process The contour extraction processing performs the contour extraction processing for each cross-sectional image captured from the imaging device, extracts the original contour image, and performs the skin portion contour removal processing process to each skin portion and other portions. Since it is configured to remove the epidermis part from the original contour image by image processing considering the difference in color tone, and to generate and process the contour image after the contour removal of the epidermis part, it eliminates the visual judgment, objectively, In addition, it is possible to provide a method for evaluating the quality of cereal grains that can accurately measure and confirm the vitreous rate of cereal grains, and can handle a large amount of cereal grains only by performing an extremely simple operation.

According to the invention described in claim 4 , the glass rate in the glass rate calculation process is characterized by evaluating each single grain of each grain with each single image, and in the image analysis process The contour extraction processing performs the contour extraction processing for each cross-sectional image captured from the imaging device, extracts the original contour image, and performs the skin portion contour removal processing process to each skin portion and other portions. Because it is configured to remove the epidermis part from the original contour image by image processing taking into account the difference in color tone, and to generate and process the contour image after removing the contour of the epidermis part, it is applied to barley grains such as barley and bare wheat Thus, it is possible to provide a grain grain quality evaluation method that exhibits the same excellent effects as those of the invention of claim 3 and that is also effective for sharing information on processing results.

  The present invention provides an objective and accurate measurement and evaluation of the glass ratio of various cereal grains such as barley, bare wheat, rice and the like, and a cereal having a simple and inexpensive configuration that can easily cope with the evaluation of a large amount of cereal grains. The object is to provide a grain quality evaluation system.

The present invention obtains a cross-sectional image of each grain by optically scanning each section of a grain cutter for cutting the grain and an arbitrary number of grains cut by the grain cutter for the above purpose. An imaging device, a contour extraction processing unit for the cross-sectional image of each grain obtained by the imaging device, a skin part contour removal processing unit for the contour extraction image, and a vitreous part for each contour image after the skin part contour removal, An area calculation processing unit for calculating each area of the semi-vitreal part and the powdery part, and a contour image after removal of the epidermis outline of the sum of the weighted areas of the calculated vitreous part and semi-vitreous part Comparison processing with the entire area is performed for each contour image, and a glass rate calculation processing unit that calculates the glass rate for each grain is output. The image analysis processing means for performing each processing, and the processing results of the image analysis processing means are output. and output means for an image processing and evaluation apparatus comprising a characteristic structure having Together it was, was achieved by having the glass ratio in the glass ratio calculation processing on the feature configured to evaluate with each single image of each 1 cereal grains for each cereal grains.

  Hereinafter, a grain grain quality evaluation system and a grain quality evaluation method according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

As shown in FIG. 1, the grain grain quality evaluation system 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention is a known grain cutter (for example, a grain cutter 2) that cuts an arbitrary number of barley or bare wheat grains 2 (cereal grains). a grayed Robekkeru cutter) 3, and the upper is arrayed formed so as to open, the particle 2 of a cross section (lower surface) 2a side of any number that has been cut to arrayed arranged in each recess 4 as an optical scanning side An imaging device that obtains a cross-sectional image of each grain 2 by optically scanning each cross-section of an arbitrary number of the grains 2 arranged in a row on the tray 6, for example, a flat rectangular tray 6 having a bottom surface portion 5 made of a transparent material. 10 and a cross-sectional image of each grain 2 acquired by the imaging device 10 and execute a series of processes for obtaining a glass ratio with respect to the cross-sectional image of each grain 2, for example, a personal computer, and the output means Image processing and printer 40 including It has an evaluation device 20, the.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the grain cutter 3 cuts barley or bare wheat grain 2 into two from its central portion to obtain two grains 2 (half grains), and Usually, only one side of the cut grain is used. The half grain cut into two pieces will be simply referred to as “grain 2” in the following description.

  As shown in FIG. 4, the imaging apparatus 10 includes a light source (for example, a white cold cathode lamp) 11 that irradiates scanning light toward the cross section 2 a of the grain 2 in the tray 6, and a transparent on which the tray 6 is placed. A glass plate 12; a mirror 13 that reflects the reflected light from the grain 2; an imaging device (for example, a CCD sensor) 14 that receives the reflected light from the mirror 13 and acquires and outputs a cross-sectional image of the grain 2; and the tray 6 It has a publicly known configuration including a lid 15 and the like for covering the upper side of the lid.

As shown in FIG. 5, the image processing and evaluation apparatus 20 includes a contour extraction process for the cross-sectional image of each grain 2, a skin part contour removal process for the contour extracted image, and a glass for each contour image after the skin part contour removal. An area calculation process for calculating the areas of the mass part a, the semi-vitreal part b, and the powdery part c, and the summed area of the weighted areas of the calculated vitreous part a and semi-vitreous part b A program for executing each process with the process of calculating the glass ratio for each grain 2 by performing a comparison operation with the entire area of the contour image after the contour removal for each contour image, and the quality evaluation system 1 as a whole A program memory 21 that stores a program for controlling the operation, a control unit 22 that controls the entire system based on the program, a display unit 23 that constitutes output means composed of a liquid crystal display, and image data etc. A printer interface 24 for output, an external communication interface 25 for communicating with a related institution terminal 50 owned by an external grain processing related institution, a storage medium processing unit 26 for processing a storage medium 27 such as CD, DVD, etc. An interface 28 for the imaging device 10 and a keyboard 29 are provided.
The formula for calculating the vitreous rate is {1.0 × (area of the vitreous portion a) + 0.5 × (area of the semivitreous portion b)} / (total area of the contour image after removal of the epidermis contour) × 100 (%). Here, 1.0 and 0.5 are weights applied to each area.

  The image processing and evaluation apparatus 20 further includes image analysis processing means 30 that operates based on a program for executing the processes.

  As shown in FIG. 6, the image analysis processing means 30 includes a contour extraction processing unit 31 that performs a contour extraction process on the cross-sectional image of each grain 2 acquired by the imaging device 10, and a skin part contour removal from the contour extracted image. Contour removal processing unit 32 that performs processing, and area calculation processing that performs area calculation processing for calculating the areas of vitreous part a, semi-vitreal part b, and powdery part c for each contour image after removal of the epidermis outline The comparison of the sum of the areas weighted to the part 33, the calculated vitreous part a and the semi-vitreal part b, and the entire area of the outline image after removing the epidermis outline is performed for each outline image, A glass rate calculation processing unit 34 that performs processing for calculating a glass rate (%) for each grain 2 and a processing data storage unit 35 that stores the above-described processing data in a readable manner are provided. .

  The formula for calculating the vitreous rate is {1.0 × (area of the vitreous portion a) + 0.5 × (area of the semivitreous portion b)} / (total area of the contour image after removal of the epidermis contour) × 100 (%). Here, 1.0 and 0.5 are weights applied to each area.

  Next, a quality evaluation method based on the above-described configuration of the grain grain quality evaluation system 1 according to the present embodiment will be described with reference to the flowchart shown in FIG. 8 and FIG. 9.

  In the grain grain quality evaluation method according to this embodiment, first, the grain cutter 3 cuts an arbitrary number of barley or bare wheat grains to obtain an arbitrary number of grains 2 (step S1).

  Next, an arbitrary number of the cut grains 2 are arranged and arranged in the recess 4 of the tray 6 with the cross section 2a as the lower side (step S2).

  Next, the tray 6 is placed on the glass substrate 12 of the imaging device 10 (step S3), the lid 15 is closed, the imaging device 10 is operated in this state, and each cross section 2a of an arbitrary number of grains 2 is obtained. Optical scanning is performed by the imaging device 10, and a cross-sectional image of each grain 2 is acquired by the imaging device 14 (step S4), and data of the cross-sectional image is transmitted to the image processing and evaluation device 20 (step S5).

In the image processing and evaluation device 20, the contour extraction processing unit 31 performs the contour extraction processing on the cross-sectional image of each grain 2 captured from the imaging device 10 based on the program (step S6), and the original processing shown in the left column of FIG. The contour image A is extracted.
In this case, if even “F” in the cross-sectional image is recognized as an outline, there is a possibility that the determination accuracy of the glass ratio is lowered.

Therefore, in this embodiment, paying attention to the difference in color tone between the skin portion and other portions, the contour removal processing unit 32 performs the image processing considering the difference in color tone from the original contour image A to the portion C of “F”. Is removed (step S7), and the contour image B after the skin portion contour removal is generated.
By such processing, the determination accuracy of the glass ratio is increased, and an accurate glass ratio determination can be performed even for barley where the area ratio of the portion C of “F” is relatively high.

  Next, the area calculation processing unit 33 calculates the respective areas of the vitreous part a, the semi-vitreous part b, and the powdery part c with respect to the outline image B after removing the epidermis outline, taking into account the difference in color tone of these parts It is calculated by processing (step S8).

Next, the vitreous rate calculation processing unit 34 calculates a ratio between the sum of the weighted areas of the vitreous part a and the semi-vitreous part b and the total area of the contour image after removing the epidermis outline. The glass ratio in the cross section of the particle 2 is calculated (step S9).
The calculation formula in this case is {1.0 × (area of the vitreous part a) + 0.5 × (area of the semivitreous part b)} / (total area of the contour image after removing the epidermis outline) × 100 (%). Here, 1.0 and 0.5 are weights applied to each area.

  Each process described above is automatically executed for each arbitrary number of cross-sectional images. Further, the processing data of each processing described above is stored and held separately in the processing data storage unit 35.

  Further, the glass rate data of each grain 2 as the result of the image analysis processing described above is output as an image on the screen of the display unit 23 and printed out by the printer 40 (step S10).

  In this way, according to the present embodiment, the glass rate for an arbitrary number of grains 2 of various cereals such as barley and naked wheat is calculated using the grain cutter 3, the tray 6, the imaging device 10, and the image processing and evaluation device 20. Cereals with a simple and inexpensive configuration that eliminates the visual judgment based on the configuration of the use, can be measured and evaluated objectively and accurately, and can easily cope with the evaluation of a large amount of grains 2 in a short time A grain quality evaluation system 1 can be provided.

  In addition, according to the present embodiment, the glass rate relating to an arbitrary number of grains 2 of various cereals such as barley and bare wheat can be efficiently processed in a simple processing process, without individual differences, and eliminating the ambiguity of determination. It is possible to provide a method for evaluating the quality of cereal grains that can be obtained and confirmed and that can easily cope with the evaluation of a large amount of grains 2 in a short time.

  In the present embodiment, if the above-described contour image of each grain 2 and the glass ratio data are stored in the storage medium 27 based on the operation of the storage medium processing unit 26, the data can be output and confirmed as necessary. This is useful for sharing information with the person in charge of quality evaluation. This is a significant advantage over visual determination in which the determination result cannot be left as evidence.

  Further, if the above-described image analysis processing result is transmitted to the related organization terminal 50 via the external communication interface 25, information can be shared with an external grain processing related organization.

  The grain grain quality evaluation system 1 and the quality evaluation method according to the present embodiment can be used for rice grains as well as the case described above.

  In other words, it is said that the quality of rice used for sake brewing depends on the area ratio, whiteness and position of heart white. By applying this embodiment, the position, whiteness, and area ratio of the white portion of the rice grain cross section can be obtained, and quality judgment can be performed.

  In addition, rice has four grooves in its outline, and it is said that the deeper the rice, the worse the yield. By applying this embodiment, the depth of the groove can be determined.

  Furthermore, although it is said that the finer yield of rice is the worse the thicker the cocoon layer, the technology for measuring the thickness of the cocoon layer has not been established at present. The grain grain quality evaluation system 1 and the quality evaluation method according to the present embodiment can also be applied to the measurement of the thickness of the rice straw layer.

  INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY The present invention can be widely applied to quality evaluation of wheat, rice, beans, corn, and other various grains that are cut to obtain a cross section.

It is a schematic structure figure showing the whole grain quality evaluation system composition concerning an example of the present invention. It is explanatory drawing which shows the cutting state of the grain in the grain grain quality evaluation system which concerns on a present Example. It is the elements on larger scale of the tray in the grain grain quality evaluation system which concerns on a present Example. It is a schematic sectional drawing of the imaging device in the grain grain quality evaluation system which concerns on a present Example. It is a block diagram which shows the image processing and evaluation apparatus in the grain grain quality evaluation system which concerns on a present Example. It is a block diagram which shows the structure of the image analysis process means of the image processing and evaluation apparatus in a present Example. It is explanatory drawing which shows the vitreous part of a grain in a present Example, a semi-vitreous part, and a powdery part. It is a flowchart which shows the flow of a process of the quality evaluation method of the grain based on the Example of this invention. It is explanatory drawing which shows transition of the outline extraction of the grain in a present Example.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Grain quality evaluation system 2 Grain 2a Cross section 3 Grain cutter 4 Recessed part 5 Bottom face part 6 Tray 10 Imaging device 11 Light source 12 Glass plate 13 Mirror 14 Imaging element 15 Cover 20 Image processing and evaluation apparatus 21 Program memory 22 Control Unit 23 display unit 24 printer interface 25 external communication interface 26 storage medium processing unit 27 storage medium 28 interface 29 keyboard 30 image analysis processing means 31 contour extraction processing unit 32 contour removal processing unit 33 area calculation processing unit 34 glass ratio calculation processing unit 35 Processing data storage unit 40 Printer 50 Related organization terminal a Glassy part b Semi-vitreous part c Powdery part A Original contour image B Contour image C “Fu” part

Claims (4)

A grain cutter for cutting grains;
An imaging device that optically scans each cross section of an arbitrary number of cereal grains cut by the grain cutter, and acquires a cross-sectional image of each cereal grain;
A contour extraction processing unit for a cross-sectional image of each grain obtained by the imaging device, a skin part contour removal processing unit for the contour extraction image, a vitreous part, a semi-glass for each contour image extracted after the skin part contour removal Each area calculation processing unit that calculates each area of the mass part and the powdery part, and a comparison operation with the total area of the contour image of the sum of the weighted areas of the calculated vitreous part and semi-vitreous part An image comprising: a glass ratio calculation processing unit that performs each contour image and calculates a glass ratio for each cereal grain; an image analysis processing unit that performs each process; and an output unit that outputs a processing result of the image analysis processing unit A processing and evaluation device;
It is characterized by having
The vitreous rate in the vitreous rate calculation processing unit is characterized by evaluating with each single image of each cereal grain for each cereal grain,
In the image processing and evaluation device, the contour extraction processing unit performs contour extraction processing for each cross-sectional image captured from the imaging device, extracts an original contour image, and performs epidermis contour removal processing on the contour extraction image The skin part contour removal processing unit that performs the above process removes the skin part from the original contour image by image processing considering the color difference between each skin part and other parts, and the contour after the skin part contour removal It is configured to generate and process an image to increase the accuracy of determining the glass rate, to enable objective and accurate glass rate determination, and the grain cutter, the imaging device, and the image processing and evaluation device. It is characterized by eliminating visual judgment based on the configuration to be used, enabling objective and accurate measurement evaluation and confirmation, and easily responding to evaluation of a large number of grains in a short time. cereal grains to The quality evaluation system. A grain cutter for cutting barley or bare wheat grains;
An imaging device that optically scans each cross section of the grain cut by the grain cutter to obtain a cross-sectional image of each grain;
A contour extraction processing unit for the cross-sectional image of each grain acquired by the imaging device, a skin part contour removal processing unit for the contour extraction image, and a vitreous part and a semi-vitreous matter for each contour image extracted after the skin part contour removal. The area of the contour image after removal of the contour of the epidermis part of the sum of the weighted areas of the vitreous part and the semi-vitreous part. A glass rate calculation processing unit that calculates the glass rate for each grain by performing the comparison operation for each contour image, and the image analysis processing unit that performs each processing, and the processing result of the image analysis processing unit is output as an image and printed out An image processing and evaluation device comprising: an output unit that performs storage processing for storing the processing result of the image analysis processing unit on the storage medium;
It is characterized by having
The vitreous rate in the vitreous rate calculation processing unit is characterized by evaluating with each single image of each cereal grain for each cereal grain,
In the image processing and evaluation device, the contour extraction processing unit performs contour extraction processing for each cross-sectional image captured from the imaging device, extracts an original contour image, and performs epidermis contour removal processing on the contour extraction image The skin part contour removal processing unit that performs the above process removes the skin part from the original contour image by image processing considering the color difference between each skin part and other parts, and the contour after the skin part contour removal It is configured to generate and process an image to increase the accuracy of determining the glass rate, to enable objective and accurate glass rate determination, and the grain cutter, the imaging device, and the image processing and evaluation device. Eliminates visual judgment based on the configuration used, enables objective and accurate measurement, evaluation, and confirmation, and can easily handle large-scale evaluation of grains in a short time. Image analysis processing hand Quality evaluation system of cereal grains, characterized in that to allow the processing results are easily share information processing result by storing process. The process of cutting the grain,
A process of obtaining a cross-sectional image of each grain by optically scanning each section of an arbitrary number of grains cut by the grain cutter with an imaging device;
Contour extraction processing for the acquired cross-sectional image of each grain, epidermis contour removal processing for the contour extraction image, and vitreous, semi-vitreal, and powdery portions for each extracted contour image after removal of the epidermal contour Each grain image is subjected to a comparison operation for each contour image and an area calculation process for calculating each area of the image, and a comparison operation with the total area of the contour image of the sum of the weighted areas of the calculated vitreous portion and semi-vitreal portion. A glass ratio calculation process for calculating a glass ratio for each process, and a process of executing an image analysis process consisting of each process;
A process of outputting image analysis processing results;
Including,
The glass rate in the glass rate calculation process is characterized by evaluating with each single image of each grain of each grain,
In the image analysis process, the contour extraction process performs a contour extraction process on each cross-sectional image captured from the imaging device, extracts an original contour image, and performs a skin part contour removal process on the contour extracted image. By the above-mentioned skin part contour removal process, the skin part is removed from the original contour image by image processing considering the color difference between each skin part and other parts, and the contour image after removing the skin part contour To increase the accuracy of the determination of the glass rate, enable objective and accurate glass rate determination, and use the grain cutter, imaging device, and image processing and evaluation device It is characterized by eliminating visual judgment based on the configuration to be able to measure and evaluate objectively and accurately, and easily responding to evaluation of a large number of grains in a short time. Cereal grains Evaluation method. Cutting barley or bare wheat grains,
A process of optically scanning each cross section of an arbitrary number of grains cut by the grain cutter to obtain a cross-sectional image of each grain;
Contour extraction processing for the acquired cross-sectional image of each grain, epidermal contour removal processing for the contour extracted image, and the vitreous, semi-vitreal, and powdery portions of the extracted contour image after removal of the epidermal contour Comparing the area calculation process for calculating each area and the total area of the summed outline image weighted to the calculated vitreous part and semi-vitreous part for each outline image, for each grain A glass ratio calculation process for calculating a glass ratio, and a process of executing an image analysis process composed of each process;
The process of outputting and printing out the image analysis processing results,
Storing and holding the image analysis processing result in a storage medium;
Including,
The glass rate in the glass rate calculation process is characterized by evaluating with each single image of each grain of each grain,
In the image analysis process, the contour extraction process performs a contour extraction process on each cross-sectional image captured from the imaging device, extracts an original contour image, and performs a skin part contour removal process on the contour extracted image. By the above-mentioned skin part contour removal process, the skin part is removed from the original contour image by image processing considering the color difference between each skin part and other parts, and the contour image after removing the skin part contour To increase the accuracy of the determination of the glass rate, enable objective and accurate glass rate determination, and use the grain cutter, imaging device, and image processing and evaluation device It eliminates visual judgment based on the configuration to be used, and enables objective and accurate measurement evaluation and confirmation, and can easily respond to evaluation of a large number of grains in a short time. Analysis processing means Cereal grain quality evaluation method is characterized in that the processing results to be easily also processing result of information sharing by storing process.

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