JP4291380B2 - Molded product manufacturing equipment - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a manufacturing apparatus for manufacturing various types of molded products using non-ferrous metals such as aluminum alloys and magnesium alloys, and more specifically, at least two golds forming a molding space for accommodating molten metal for molded products. The present invention relates to an apparatus for manufacturing a molded article that includes a mold and at least one of the two molds is configured as a pressurizing mold.

As a manufacturing apparatus for such a molded product, a casting apparatus having a casting mold is generally used. The molten metal is poured into a molding space formed by the mold and solidified while being pressed by a pressing mold. An apparatus for pressure casting for producing a molded article is known.
In the conventional apparatus for pressure casting, the pressing mold is configured by a single mold, and the single mold is configured to be pressed by one pressing means (additional processing). The equipment for pressure casting is so common that there is no patent document suitable for citation).

Therefore, in the conventional pressure casting apparatus, when an attempt is made to produce a cast product having a desired size only by pressure casting, it is necessary to inject an amount of molten metal corresponding to the volume of the cast product into the molding space.
However, it is very difficult to accurately inject a necessary amount of molten metal in actual work. Conventionally, a slightly larger amount of molten metal is injected and cast, and then finished to a product of a desired size by machining. The actual situation was, and finishing work by machining was indispensable.

  The present invention pays attention to such conventional problems, and its purpose is to make the pressing mold into a special structure, eliminating the need for finishing work by machining, which has been essential in the past, An object of the present invention is to provide an apparatus for producing a molded product, which can produce a cast product at low cost, and can also produce a forged product that is superior to the cast product in terms of material characteristics and strength.

The first characteristic configuration of the present invention is:
Molded product manufacturing apparatus in which a molding space capable of containing molten metal is formed between an upper mold and a lower mold into which molten metal for molded products is poured in a state where the upper mold is spaced upward. Because
The upper mold is configured to be able to be pushed and moved with respect to the lower mold in a state where the molten metal is filled in the molding space covered with metal without any gap, and the upper mold is in perspective with respect to the molding space. A main pressurizing mold that can move relative to each other along a direction and a subpressurizing mold for forming a fluidized portion, wherein the main pressurizing mold is provided by a main pressurizing means, and the subpressurizing mold is provided as a subadditional mold. It is configured to be pressurized separately by the pressure means,
By controlling the pressurizing force and pressurizing time of the main pressurizing means and the subpressurizing means, the main pressurizing mold and the subpressurizing mold are respectively at the same pressure with respect to the molten metal in the molding space. In a first state of pressurization, the main pressurizing mold is pressurized at a higher pressure than the sub pressurizing mold, and an excess portion of the molten metal in the molding space is released from the main pressurizing mold while being plastically deformed. A second state in which the sub-pressurization mold is moved relative to the main pressurization mold so as to form a surplus portion, and a cast product is molded to a desired dimension by the main pressurization mold ; Is provided with control means for enabling switching.

  According to the first characteristic configuration of the present invention, at least one of the upper mold and the lower mold forming the molding space for housing the molten metal for the molded product moves relative to each other along the perspective direction with respect to the molding space. A flexible main pressurizing mold and a sub-pressurizing mold for forming the fluidized part are provided. The main pressurizing mold is pressurized separately by the main pressurizing means, and the subpressurizing mold is pressed by the subpressurizing means separately. Therefore, when injecting the molten metal, a large amount of molten metal is injected, and the surplus is released from the main pressurizing mold by the subpressurizing mold for forming the fluidized portion. By forming the meat part, machining work that has been indispensable in the past becomes unnecessary.

Specifically, a large amount of molten metal is poured into the molding space and pressed by the main pressurizing mold and the subpressurizing mold to cast a semi-molded product, and the main pressurizing mold is used for the subpressurizing. It presses and shape | molds until it becomes a desired dimension, pressurizing with a bigger pressing force than a metal mold | die.
Then, due to the relative movement of the sub-pressurization mold with respect to the main pressurization mold, the surplus portion is allowed to escape from the main pressurization mold while being plastically deformed to form a surplus portion. As a result, the cast product is molded to the desired dimensions by the main pressurizing die, and after that, it is only necessary to cut off the surplus part. The product can be manufactured at a low cost.

In addition, after the semi-molded product is cast by pressing with the main pressurizing mold and the sub pressurizing mold, the main pressurizing mold is pressed with a large pressing force for forging, and the pressing force is smaller than the pressing force. By pressing the sub-pressing mold, the cast product can be made into a forged product without taking it out of the mold.
As a result, what was a cast structure in the semi-molded product is a homogeneous and fine forging due to the forging effect by the large pressing force for forging and the plastic flow by the relative movement of the sub-pressing die to the main pressing die. Can be an organization.
As a result, it is possible to perform casting and forging in a series of operations using the same mold, and it is excellent in terms of improvement of dimensional accuracy and material characteristics and strength while simplifying and reducing the manufacturing process. Forged products can be manufactured at low cost.
Further, a control means for controlling the main pressurizing means and the sub pressurizing means is provided, and the control means controls the pressurizing force and pressurizing time of the main pressurizing means and the sub pressurizing means. Maintain a pressing force and pressing time suitable for casting during casting and a pressing force and pressing time suitable for forging during casting for the mold and sub-pressing mold, and are homogeneous and fine. An excellent molded product having a stable structure can be produced more reliably.

According to a second characteristic configuration of the present invention, in the first state, a metal surface of the main pressurizing mold facing the molding space is a metal surface and a surface of the sub pressurizing mold facing the molding space. Is set to one.
In the third characteristic configuration of the present invention, the area of the metal surface of the main pressurizing mold facing the molding space is set larger than the area of the metal surface of the sub-pressurizing mold facing the molding space. It is in place.
The 4th characteristic structure of this invention exists in the place where the said mold for sub pressurization is arrange | positioned inside the said mold for main pressurization.
A fifth characteristic configuration of the present invention is that, among the main pressurizing mold and the sub pressurizing mold, a cooling path through which cooling water flows is provided only in the main pressurizing mold. .

An embodiment of a manufacturing apparatus for a molded product according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
This manufacturing apparatus is an apparatus for manufacturing various molded products, that is, cast molded products and forged molded products using non-ferrous metals such as aluminum alloys and magnesium alloys, and particularly requires high strength and dimensional accuracy. As shown in FIG. 1, it is suitable for manufacturing a molded product, and includes at least two molds 1 and 2 that form a molding space S for housing a molten metal for the molded product, and a lower mold 1 and an upper mold 2. .

The lower mold 1 includes a bottom plate 3, a cylindrical side mold 4 installed on the bottom plate 3, a bottom mold 5 installed in the side mold 4 so as to be movable in the vertical direction, and the like. The piston rod 6 is interlocked with a cylinder (not shown) so as to be movable in the vertical direction.
In the vicinity of the upper surface of the bottom mold 5, a cooling path 7 for cooling water is provided, and a water inlet path 7 a and a water outlet path 7 b communicating with the cooling path 7 are provided across the bottom plate 3 and the bottom mold 5. The bottom mold 5 is cooled by allowing cooling water to flow therethrough.
Furthermore, if necessary, the side mold 4 can also be provided with a cooling path, and although not shown, the bottom mold 5 and the side mold 4 are provided with heating means for preheating.

The upper mold 2 functions as a pressing mold, and is relatively movable in the vertical direction relative to the first upper mold 8 as a main pressing mold that can be inserted into the side mold 4 of the lower mold 1. A second upper mold 9 is provided as a sub-pressing mold configured. In other words, the upper mold 2 as a pressurizing mold includes the first upper mold 8 and the second upper mold 9 that are movable relative to each other along the perspective direction with respect to the molding space S.
The first upper mold 8 is pressed separately by the first pressurizing device 10 as the main pressurizing means, and the second upper mold 9 is pressed separately by the second pressurizing apparatus 11 as the sub pressurizing means. The cooling path 12 for cooling water is also provided in the vicinity of the lower surface of the first upper mold 8, and a water inlet path 12 a and a water outlet path 12 b communicating with the cooling path 12 are provided in the first upper mold 8. The first upper die 8 is cooled by passing cooling water through the cooling passage 12. Although not shown, the first upper mold 8 is also provided with heating means for preheating.

This manufacturing apparatus is configured such that all of its operations are controlled by the control means 13, and is specifically controlled as follows.
First, under the control of the control means 13, the upper and lower molds 1, 2 are preheated by a heating means (not shown), and as shown in FIG. 2 (a), a molten non-ferrous metal such as an aluminum alloy or a magnesium alloy. 14 a is injected into the lower mold 1.
Then, as shown in FIG. 2B, the first and second pressurizing devices 10 and 11 pressurize the primary pressure P1 preset on the first and second upper molds 8 and 9 in advance. The cooling water is added to the cooling passages 7 and 12 of the molds 1 and 2 by the control operation of the pump not shown in the figure, and the molds 1 and 2 are cooled. Thus, a semi-solid state or a solid state semi-molded product 14b is cast.

Thereafter, the primary pressure P1 is applied to the second upper mold 9 by the second pressurizing device 11 as shown in FIG. The secondary pressurizing force P2 larger than the primary pressurizing force P1 is applied to the first upper mold 8 by the first pressurizing device 10 over a preset pressurizing time.
The semi-molded product 14b in the semi-solid state or solidified state is pressurized by the action of the secondary pressure P2, and a part of the semi-molded product 14b is plastically deformed by the relative movement of the second upper mold 9 upward. The meat part 14c is moved. That is, the second upper mold 9 functions as a sub mold for forming the fluid portion that forms the surplus portion 14c.
Thereafter, as shown in FIG. 2 (d), the upper mold 2 and the bottom mold 5 are raised, and the molded product 14 integrally having the surplus portion 14c is taken out, and the surplus portion 14c is cut and cast. It becomes the molded article 14 of the tissue.

Next, this manufacturing process will be described more specifically with reference to the time chart of FIG. 3 and the conceptual diagram of FIG.
For example, in the case of producing a molded article 14 made of a heat-resistant and wear-resistant aluminum alloy (4032 alloy), the molds 1 and 2 are preheated to 150 to 300 ° C. (423 to 573 K), and are shown in FIG. Thus, the molten aluminum alloy 14a heated to about 750 ° C. (1023 K) is injected, and a pressure of about 175 MPa is applied as the primary pressure P1.
By this primary pressurization, the molten metal 14a that has been in a liquid state changes from a semi-solid state to a solid state to become a semi-molded product 14b, and the surface temperature of the semi-molded product 14b is about 400 ° C. (673 K), When the temperature reaches about 500 ° C. (773 K), a secondary pressure P2 of about 460 MPa is applied to manufacture the cast product 14.

  Next, another embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. 5, but in order to avoid redundant description, the same reference numerals as those in the previous embodiment are used for the components described in the previous embodiment and components having the same action. A description thereof will be omitted, and a configuration different from the previous embodiment will be mainly described.

In another embodiment shown in FIG. 5, the lower mold 1 is constituted by a cylindrical side mold 4 and a bottom mold 5 located in the side mold 4, and the bottom mold 5 is a first bottom. It consists of a mold 5a and a second bottom mold 5b.
The first bottom mold 5a and the second bottom mold 5b are configured to be movable relative to each other in the vertical direction. The first bottom mold 5a functioning as a pressurizing mold is formed by a third pressurizing device 15 serving as a pressurizing unit. The second bottom mold 5 b is fixed so as not to move relative to the side mold 4.
Although not shown, the first bottom mold 5a, the first upper mold 8, and the side mold 4 are provided with cooling water cooling passages and preheating heating means.

Also in this manufacturing apparatus, all of its operations are controlled by the control means 13, and as shown in FIG. 6 (a), the molten metal 14a is injected into the lower mold 1, and as shown in FIG. 6 (b). In addition, the primary pressurizing force P1 is applied to the first and second upper molds 8 and 9 over a preset pressurizing time, and both molds 1 and 2 are cooled to be in a semi-solid state or a solidified state. The semi-molded product 14b is cast.
Thereafter, without removing the semi-molded product 14b from the dies 1 and 2, as shown in FIG. 6C, the first and second upper dies 8 and 9 are for forging larger than the primary pressure P1. And a predetermined back pressure P3 is applied to the first bottom mold 5a by a third pressurizing device 15 over a preset pressurizing time. As shown in FIG. 5 and FIG. 5, the pressure applied to the second upper mold 9 is reduced.
As a result, the semi-molded product 14b in the semi-solid state or solidified state is forged, the material characteristics are greatly improved by deformation due to plastic flow, and the surplus portion 14c is moved by the relative movement of the second upper mold 9 upward. Then, as shown in FIG. 6 (e), the upper mold 2 is raised, and as shown in FIG. 6 (f), the surplus portion is formed by raising the first bottom mold 5a. The molded product 14 having 14c is taken out, and the surplus portion 14c is cut off to become a molded product 14 having a forged structure.

Also in this manufacturing apparatus, for example, when manufacturing a forged molded product 14 made of a heat-resistant and wear-resistant aluminum alloy (4032 series alloy), the molds 1 and 2 are set to 150 to 300 ° C. (423 to 573 K). A molten aluminum alloy 14a that has been preheated and heated to about 750 ° C. (1023 K) is injected, and a pressure of about 175 MPa is applied as the primary pressure P1.
Then, when the surface temperature of the semi-molded product 14b is about 400 ° C. (673K) and the internal temperature is about 500 ° C. (773K), a secondary pressure P2 of about 460 MPa is applied, and the forged product 14 is formed. It is manufactured.

However, the above-described temperature and pressure are merely examples, and in actual implementation, the optimum temperature and pressure are selected according to the type of alloy to be used, the shape of the molded product 14, and the like by the control means 13. Will be controlled.
When various experiments were conducted on this point, as shown on the right side of FIG. 4, the primary pressure P1 was within a range of 50 to 250 MPa, and the secondary pressure P2 was 100 MPa or more. It was found that it is preferable to select a pressure greater than the primary pressure P1 within the range of 100 to 1000 MPa.
The temperatures of the molten metal 11a and the semi-molded product 11b at the time of the primary pressurization and the secondary pressurization are 350 to 730 ° C. (623 to 1003 K) at the time of the primary pressurization, as shown on the left side of FIG. It was about 200-550 degreeC (473-823K) at the time of pressurization.

[Another embodiment]
In the embodiments described so far, the example of producing the molded product 14 made of an aluminum alloy has been described. However, in addition to aluminum and an aluminum alloy, various non-ferrous metal molded products such as magnesium and a magnesium alloy are produced. Can also be applied.
The molded product 14 to be manufactured is not particularly limited. Therefore, the mold to be used is not limited to the molds 1 and 2 shown in the above embodiments, and various shapes and configurations are used. A mold having the same can be used.

Conceptual diagram showing equipment for manufacturing molded products Conceptual diagram showing the manufacturing process of molded products Manufacturing process time chart Manufacturing process state conceptual diagram The conceptual diagram which shows the manufacturing apparatus of the molded article by another embodiment. The conceptual diagram which shows the manufacturing process of the molded article by another embodiment

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Mold 2 Mold for pressurization 8 Mold for main pressurization 9 Mold for subpressurization 10 Main pressurization means 11 Subpressurization means 13 Control means 14 Molded product S Molding space

Claims (5)

Molded product manufacturing apparatus in which a molding space capable of containing molten metal is formed between an upper mold and a lower mold into which molten metal for molded products is poured in a state where the upper mold is spaced upward. Because
The upper mold is configured to be able to be pushed and moved with respect to the lower mold in a state where the molten metal is filled in the molding space covered with metal without any gap, and the upper mold is in perspective with respect to the molding space. A main pressurizing mold that can move relative to each other along a direction and a subpressurizing mold for forming a fluidized portion, wherein the main pressurizing mold is provided by a main pressurizing means, and the subpressurizing mold is provided as a subadditional mold. It is configured to be pressurized separately by the pressure means,
By controlling the pressurizing force and pressurizing time of the main pressurizing means and the subpressurizing means, the main pressurizing mold and the subpressurizing mold are respectively at the same pressure with respect to the molten metal in the molding space. In a first state of pressurization, the main pressurizing mold is pressurized at a higher pressure than the sub pressurizing mold, and an excess portion of the molten metal in the molding space is released from the main pressurizing mold while being plastically deformed. A second state in which the sub-pressurization mold is moved relative to the main pressurization mold so as to form a surplus portion, and a cast product is molded to a desired dimension by the main pressurization mold ; A device for manufacturing a molded article, comprising control means for enabling switching.   The metal surface of the main pressurizing mold facing the molding space in the first state is set to be flush with the metal surface of the sub pressurizing mold facing the molding space. Manufacturing equipment for molded products.   The area of the metal surface of the main pressing mold facing the molding space is set larger than the area of the metal surface of the sub-pressing mold facing the molding space. An apparatus for producing a molded article according to claim 1.   The apparatus for producing a molded product according to claim 3, wherein the sub-pressing mold is disposed inside the main pressing mold.   The cooling path for allowing cooling water to flow between the main pressurizing mold and the subpressurizing mold is provided only in the main pressurizing mold. Molded product manufacturing equipment.

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