JP4288516B2 - Marine hybrid propulsion system - Google Patents

Marine hybrid propulsion system Download PDF

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JP4288516B2
JP4288516B2 JP2006116799A JP2006116799A JP4288516B2 JP 4288516 B2 JP4288516 B2 JP 4288516B2 JP 2006116799 A JP2006116799 A JP 2006116799A JP 2006116799 A JP2006116799 A JP 2006116799A JP 4288516 B2 JP4288516 B2 JP 4288516B2
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龍司 広川
隆介 大久保
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西芝電機株式会社
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Description

本発明は、主機と主機駆動発電機及び電気推進装置を備えた船舶用ハイブリッド推進システムに関する。   The present invention relates to a marine hybrid propulsion system including a main engine, a main engine drive generator, and an electric propulsion device.

近年、電気推進船は環境にやさしい省エネルギー船として期待が寄せられ、各船種において電気推進船が建造されるようになってきた。しかし、大型船になると電気推進電動機を可変速制御するインバータ装置が大型となり、初期設備費が嵩み高価となる。そこで、大型旅客フェリー等では電気推進電動機の出力を小さく抑えることが可能で、かつ主機と電気推進電動機を運行モードで使い分けることが可能な船舶用ハイブリッド推進システムが採用されている。   In recent years, electric propulsion ships have been expected as environment-friendly energy-saving ships, and electric propulsion ships have been built for each type of ship. However, when a large ship is used, the inverter device for variable speed control of the electric propulsion motor becomes large, and the initial equipment cost increases and becomes expensive. Therefore, a large passenger ferry or the like employs a marine hybrid propulsion system that can suppress the output of the electric propulsion motor to a small value and can selectively use the main engine and the electric propulsion motor in the operation mode.

電気推進船では船舶の推進力を電気で賄うため、船内電力が大きくなり搭載される主発電機の台数と容量が従来船に比べて大型化する。このような大型化を改善するするために、例えば実例のノルウェーの旅客フェリーでは、周波数無補償式の主機駆動発電機を複数台搭載して主発電機を小容量化したハイブリッド推進システムが採用されている。   In electric propulsion ships, the propulsion power of the ships is supplied by electricity, so the power on board is increased and the number and capacity of main generators installed are larger than those of conventional ships. In order to improve such an increase in size, for example, an actual Norwegian passenger ferry employs a hybrid propulsion system in which a plurality of non-frequency-compensated main engine drive generators are installed and the capacity of the main generator is reduced. ing.

図２は従来の旅客フェリー用ハイブリッド推進システムの結線図である。
図２に示すように、従来の旅客フェリー用ハイブリッド推進システムは、複数台の主発電機１と複数台の電気推進電動機２との間にインバータ３Ａが設けられている。電気推進電動機２はプロペラを備えた推進装置４に接続されており、推進装置４はクラッチ５を介して主機６に接続されている。主機６の反対側には主機駆動発電機７が接続されており、主機６は推進に使用されるとともに、主機駆動発電機７の動力源になっている。また、離着桟時に運転されるスラスタ装置８が装備されている。９は安定化電源装置、１０は蓄電池である。 FIG. 2 is a connection diagram of a conventional passenger ferry hybrid propulsion system.
As shown in FIG. 2, the conventional passenger ferry hybrid propulsion system includes an inverter 3 </ b> A between a plurality of main generators 1 and a plurality of electric propulsion motors 2. The electric propulsion motor 2 is connected to a propulsion device 4 having a propeller, and the propulsion device 4 is connected to a main machine 6 via a clutch 5. A main machine drive generator 7 is connected to the opposite side of the main machine 6. The main machine 6 is used for propulsion and serves as a power source for the main machine drive generator 7. In addition, a thruster device 8 that is operated at the time of take-off and landing is provided. Reference numeral 9 is a stabilized power supply device, and 10 is a storage battery.

ところで、主機６であるディーゼルエンジンは、定格回転数では運転効率は良好であるが低回転数運転では運転効率が低下し、また長時間の低回転数運転ではエンジン自体の性能低下を助長させる特性を有するため、低回転数運転はできるだけ回避する必要がある。   By the way, the diesel engine which is the main engine 6 has good operating efficiency at the rated rotational speed, but the operating efficiency is lowered at the low rotational speed operation, and the characteristic that promotes the performance degradation of the engine itself at the low rotational speed operation for a long time. Therefore, it is necessary to avoid low-speed operation as much as possible.

そこで、このような船舶用ハイブリッド推進システムにおいて、主機６の低回転数運転を回避させるため、次のような運転方法が採用されている。すなわち、主機６が低回転数運転状態となる港湾内離着桟時とか低速度航行時には、インバータ３Ａの出力が電気推進電動機２に入力されて回転数制御を行い、推進装置４が任意の回転数で駆動される電気推進モードでの航行となるように制御する。この時、クラッチ５を脱として推進装置４と主機６を切り離して、高速一定回転数で主機６を運転し、主機駆動発電機７を一定回転数で駆動させ、周波数、電圧が一定な電源を船内母線へ供給する。一方、高速度航行時には電気推進電動機２を停止させ、この時クラッチ５を嵌合して主機６にて推進力をまかなう主機推進モードとする。   Therefore, in such a marine hybrid propulsion system, the following operation method is employed in order to avoid the low speed operation of the main engine 6. In other words, when the main engine 6 is in a low speed operation state where the main engine 6 is in a low speed operation state or when traveling at a low speed, the output of the inverter 3A is input to the electric propulsion motor 2 to perform the rotation speed control, and the propulsion device 4 can rotate freely. Control to be sailed in electric propulsion mode driven by number. At this time, the clutch 5 is removed and the propulsion device 4 and the main machine 6 are disconnected, the main machine 6 is operated at a high speed and a constant rotational speed, the main machine drive generator 7 is driven at a constant rotational speed, and a power source having a constant frequency and voltage is supplied. Supply to the inboard bus. On the other hand, during high-speed navigation, the electric propulsion motor 2 is stopped, and at this time the clutch 5 is engaged and the main engine propulsion mode in which the main engine 6 provides the propulsive force is set.

しかしながら、現在の運用方法では、高速度航行の場合は、負荷の変化により主機６の回転数が一定ではないため、それに伴い主機駆動発電機７にて供給される電力の周波数が一定とはならない。   However, in the current operation method, in the case of high-speed navigation, the rotation speed of the main engine 6 is not constant due to a load change, and accordingly, the frequency of the electric power supplied by the main engine drive generator 7 is not constant. .

この対策として、船内で使用される補機用電動機は周波数変動に対応した体格の大きな電動機を採用し、また一定周波数が要求される特定負荷への給電に対しては安定化電源装置９およびバックアップ用の蓄電池１０等の設備が必要となる。さらに、周波数変動幅を極力小さく抑えるために電気推進モードから主機推進モードへの切替回転数を高くする必要があり、推進用電動機の容量が大きくなる傾向がある（特許文献１，特許文献２参照）。このような事情により船舶用ハイブリッド推進システムは、コストの高騰および機器設置スペース・重量が増大するという課題を有している。
特開平７−１３２８８５号公報 特開平９−００２３９０号公報 As countermeasures, auxiliary motors used in the ship employ large-sized motors that can handle frequency fluctuations, and use a stabilized power supply 9 and backup for power supply to specific loads that require a constant frequency. Equipment such as storage battery 10 is required. Furthermore, in order to keep the frequency fluctuation range as small as possible, it is necessary to increase the switching speed from the electric propulsion mode to the main engine propulsion mode, which tends to increase the capacity of the propulsion motor (see Patent Documents 1 and 2). ). Under such circumstances, the marine hybrid propulsion system has a problem that the cost increases and the installation space and weight of the equipment increase.
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 7-132858 JP-A-9-002390

本発明は、この様な事情に対処するためになされたもので、その課題は主機駆動発電機が船内に供給する電力の周波数を一定に制御することができ、主機駆動発電機の高機能化および補機用電動機の小型化と、安定化電源装置や蓄電池を不用とすることにより設備費の大幅な削減が可能となると共に、機関室の機器設置スペースの縮小を図ることができる船舶用ハイブリッド推進システムを提供することにある。   The present invention has been made to cope with such a situation, and the problem is that the frequency of the power supplied to the ship by the main engine drive generator can be controlled to be constant, and the high performance of the main engine drive generator can be improved. The marine hybrid can reduce the equipment installation space in the engine room and reduce the installation cost by reducing the size of the auxiliary motor and eliminating the need for a stabilized power supply and storage battery. To provide a propulsion system.

上記課題を解決するために、請求項１記載の船舶用ハイブリッド推進システムの発明は、船舶を推進させるプロペラを備えた推進装置と、前記推進装置をクラッチを介して駆動する主機と、前記推進装置に接続された電気推進電動機と、前記主機によって駆動される主機駆動発電機と、船内母線および前記電気推進電動機間に接続されるとともに、船内母線および前記電気推進電動機間に接続されるとともに、力行および回行のできる双方向インバータと、前記主機駆動発電機の出力先を前記双方向インバータ側あるいは船内母線側のいずれか一方へ切り替える主機駆動発電機出力先切替スイッチと、前記双方向インバータおよび前記電気推進電動機間に設けられ、入り状態のときは前記双方向インバータおよび前記電気推進電動機を接続し、切り状態のときは前記双方向インバータおよび前記電気推進電動機間を切り離す電気推進電動機入切スイッチとを備えた船舶用ハイブリッド推進システムにおいて、電気推進モード時は、前記電気推進電動機入切スイッチを入り状態にして前記船内母線から供給される電力を前記双方向インバータにより制御して前記電気推進電動機の回転数制御を行うとともに、前記主機駆動発電機出力先切替スイッチを前記船内母線側に接続して前記主機駆動発電機の発電出力を前記船内母線側へ供給し、さらに前記クラッチを脱にして前記主機と前記推進装置とを切り離した状態で前記主機を高効率の一定回転数で運転して前記主機駆動発電機を一定回転数で駆動し、主機推進モード時は、前記電気推進電動機入切スイッチを切り状態にして前記双方向インバータおよび前記電気推進電動機間を切り離すともに、前記主機駆動発電機出力先切替スイッチを前記双方向インバータ側に接続することにより前記主機駆動発電機の出力を前記双方向インバータへ入力して周波数制御を行い、周波数および電圧が一定な安定電力を前記船内母線へ供給し、さらに前記クラッチを嵌合として前記主機と前記推進装置とを接続した状態で前記主機の推進力で船舶を運航することを特徴とする。 In order to solve the above problems, the invention of a hybrid propulsion system according to claim 1 is a promotion apparatus having a propeller to propel the ship, and the main machine you drive the said propulsion unit via a clutch an electric propulsion motor connected to the propulsion unit, a main engine driving a generator thus driven to the main machine, is connected between the inboard busbars and the electric propulsion motor, connected between the inboard bus and said electrical propulsion motor while being a bi-directional inverter that can power running and times row, a main engine driving generator output destination switching switch for switching the output destination of the main machine drive generator to one of the bi-directional inverter side or inboard bus side, the It is provided between the bidirectional inverter and the electric propulsion motor, and when in the on state, the bidirectional inverter and the electric propulsion motor are connected. When the disengaged condition in marine hybrid propulsion system including an electric propulsion motor on-off switch for disconnecting between the bi-directional inverter and the electric propulsion motor, electric propulsion mode, enters the electric propulsion motor on-off switch state The electric power supplied from the inboard bus is controlled by the bidirectional inverter to control the rotational speed of the electric propulsion motor, and the main engine drive generator output destination changeover switch is connected to the inboard bus side to Supplying the power generation output of the main machine drive generator to the inboard bus side, and further disengaging the clutch and separating the main machine and the propulsion device, and operating the main machine at a high efficiency and a constant rotational speed. Drive the drive generator at a constant rotational speed, and in the main engine propulsion mode, turn off the electric propulsion motor on / off switch The inverter and the electric propulsion motor are separated from each other, and the output of the main engine drive generator is input to the bidirectional inverter by connecting the main engine drive generator output destination changeover switch to the bidirectional inverter side, thereby controlling the frequency. And supplying a stable power having a constant frequency and voltage to the inboard bus, and further operating the ship with the propulsive force of the main engine while the clutch is engaged and the main engine and the propulsion device are connected. And

請求項２記載の発明は、請求項１に記載の船舶用ハイブリッド推進システムにおいて、船の推進速力を操作する速度制御レバーを備え、前記推進装置の回転数が前記速度制御レバーの位置で指令された切替設定回転数より低い時は前記電気推進モードとなり、前記切替設定回転数より高い時は前記主機推進モードとなるように、前記電気推進電動機入切スイッチと前記主機駆動発電機出力先切替スイッチとを自動的に切り替え、さらにクラッチも連動して嵌脱が自動制御されるようにしたことを特徴とする。 The invention according to claim 2 is the marine hybrid propulsion system according to claim 1 , further comprising a speed control lever for operating the propulsion speed of the ship , and the rotational speed of the propulsion device is commanded at the position of the speed control lever. The electric propulsion motor on / off switch and the main engine drive generator output destination changeover switch are set so that the electric propulsion mode is set when lower than the set switching speed and the main propulsion mode is set when higher than the set switching speed. Is automatically switched, and the clutch is also interlocked so that the fitting / removal is automatically controlled .

請求項３記載の発明は、請求項２に記載の船舶用ハイブリッド推進システムにおいて、前記電気推進電動機の電流値を検出する検出手段を備え、前記速度制御レバーの位置と前記検出手段の検出値とにより前記主機駆動発電機出力先切替スイッチと前記電気推進電動機入切スイッチとを開閉することを特徴とする。 According to a third aspect of the invention, the marine hybrid propulsion system as claimed in claim 2, comprising detection means for detecting a current value of the electric propulsion motor, the detected value of said detecting means and the position of the speed control lever wherein the opening and closing of said electric propulsion motor on-off switch and the main motor driving the generator output destination changeover switch by.

本発明によれば、船舶用ハイブリッド推進システムにおいて、船舶が主機推進モードでの航行時に主機駆動発電機が船内に供給する電力の周波数を一定に制御することができ、主機駆動発電機の高性能・高機能化および補機用電動機の小型化と安定電源装置や蓄電池を削除することができ、さらに主機回転数の変動幅にとらわれずに電気推進電動機の出力が自由に選定できるため、設備費の大幅な削減が可能となると共に、機関室の機器設置スペースの縮小を図ることができる。また主機駆動発電装置の出力周波数を一定制御できるため主発電機との並列運転が可能となり、複数台ある主機駆動発電機内の１台が不適合でもシステム全体としての信頼性が向上するうえ、運航モードの切り替えを全自動化制御しているため安全で信頼性が向上する船舶用ハイブリッド推進システムを提供することができる。   According to the present invention, in the marine hybrid propulsion system, the frequency of the power supplied by the main engine drive generator to the ship when the ship navigates in the main engine propulsion mode can be controlled to be constant.・ High functionalization and downsizing of auxiliary motors, stable power supply devices and storage batteries can be deleted, and the output of electric propulsion motors can be freely selected without being constrained by the fluctuation range of the main engine speed. Can be significantly reduced, and the equipment installation space in the engine room can be reduced. In addition, since the output frequency of the main engine drive generator can be controlled at a constant level, parallel operation with the main generator is possible. Even if one of the multiple main engine drive generators is not compatible, the reliability of the entire system is improved and the operation mode is improved. Since this switching is fully automated, it is possible to provide a marine hybrid propulsion system that is safe and reliable.

以下、本発明の最良の実施形態を図を参照して説明する。
図１は本発明の一実施形態である船舶用ハイブリッド推進システムの結線図である。
図１に示すように、本実施形態は、主発電機１と複数台の電気推進電動機２との間、および主発電機１と複数台の主機駆動発電機７との間には力行および回行のできる双方向インバータ３Ｂが設けられている。電気推進電動機２は電気推進電動機入切スイッチ１１を経由して、また、主機駆動発電機７は主機駆動発電機出力先切替スイッチ１２を経由して双方向インバータ３Ｂに接続されている。主機６はクラッチ５を介して推進装置４に接続されている。また離着桟時に運転されるスラスタ装置８が船内母線を経由して主発電機1に接続されている。なお、主発電機１と双方向インバータ３Ｂとの間に、母線の電圧ノイズを低減させるために入力変圧器１５を設けている。 Hereinafter, the best embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a connection diagram of a marine hybrid propulsion system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
As shown in FIG. 1, in this embodiment, power running and rotation are performed between the main generator 1 and the plurality of electric propulsion motors 2 and between the main generator 1 and the plurality of main drive motors 7. A bidirectional inverter 3B capable of rowing is provided. The electric propulsion motor 2 is connected to the bidirectional inverter 3B via the electric propulsion motor on / off switch 11, and the main motor drive generator 7 is connected to the bidirectional inverter 3B via the main motor drive generator output destination changeover switch 12. The main machine 6 is connected to the propulsion device 4 via the clutch 5. In addition, a thruster device 8 that is operated at the time of takeoff and landing is connected to the main generator 1 via an inboard bus. An input transformer 15 is provided between the main generator 1 and the bidirectional inverter 3B in order to reduce voltage noise on the bus.

次に、本実施形態の作用について説明する。
港湾内離着桟時および低速度航行時には電気推進電動機入切スイッチ１１を入りにすることにより、双方向インバータ３Ｂの出力が電気推進電動機２に入力されて回転数制御を行い、推進装置４が任意の回転数で駆動される電気推進モードでの航行となる。この時、クラッチ５を脱として推進装置４と主機６を切り離して、最も高効率運転が可能となる高速一定回転数で主機６を運転し主機駆動発電機７を一定回転数で駆動させる。同時に主機駆動発電機出力先切替スイッチ１２を「ａ」側に切り替えることで、主機駆動発電機７より周波数・電圧が一定な安定電源が船内母線へ供給される。スラスタ装置８の運転時には船内負荷が増えるため主機駆動発電機７と主発電機１を並列運転して船内電力を賄う。 Next, the operation of this embodiment will be described.
By turning on the electric propulsion motor on / off switch 11 at the time of taking off and landing at the harbor and at low speed, the output of the bidirectional inverter 3B is input to the electric propulsion motor 2 to control the rotational speed, and the propulsion device 4 Navigation is in electric propulsion mode driven at an arbitrary rotational speed. At this time, the clutch 5 is removed, the propulsion device 4 and the main machine 6 are disconnected, and the main machine 6 is operated at a high speed constant rotation speed at which the most efficient operation is possible, and the main machine drive generator 7 is driven at a constant rotation speed. At the same time, by switching the main engine drive generator output destination changeover switch 12 to the “a” side, a stable power source having a constant frequency and voltage is supplied from the main engine drive generator 7 to the inboard bus. When the thruster device 8 is operated, the load on the ship increases, so the main engine drive generator 7 and the main generator 1 are operated in parallel to cover the ship power.

また高速度航行時には、電気推進電動機入切スイッチ１１を切りにすることで電気推進電動機２を停止させる。この時、クラッチ５を嵌合して推進装置４と主機６を接続させることで推進装置４が主機６で駆動される主機推進モードでの航行となる。主機６の回転数は船の航行速度に合わせて変動するため主機駆動発電機７の出力周波数が不安定になる。   Further, during high-speed navigation, the electric propulsion motor 2 is stopped by turning off the electric propulsion motor on / off switch 11. At this time, when the clutch 5 is engaged and the propulsion device 4 and the main engine 6 are connected, the propulsion apparatus 4 is sailed in the main engine propulsion mode in which the main machine 6 is driven. Since the rotational speed of the main engine 6 varies in accordance with the navigation speed of the ship, the output frequency of the main engine-driven generator 7 becomes unstable.

そこで、主機駆動発電機出力先切替スイッチ１２を「ｂ」側に切り替えて主機駆動発電機７の出力を双方向インバータ３Ｂへ入力することで周波数制御を行い、周波数・電圧が一定な安定電源を船内母線へ供給することが可能となる。
これにより、従来では不可能であった主発電機１との並列運転が可能となり、複数台ある主機駆動発電機７内の１台が不適合でもシステム全体としての信頼性が向上する。 Therefore, frequency control is performed by switching the main engine drive generator output destination changeover switch 12 to the “b” side and inputting the output of the main engine drive generator 7 to the bidirectional inverter 3B, so that a stable power source with a constant frequency and voltage can be obtained. It can be supplied to the inboard bus.
As a result, parallel operation with the main generator 1 that has been impossible in the past is possible, and the reliability of the entire system is improved even if one of the plurality of main drive generators 7 is incompatible.

また、電気推進モードと主機推進モードとの切替は、操舵室に装備された船の推進速力を操作する速度制御レバー１６の位置で指令された速度に推進装置４の回転数が到達したときに切り替える。推進装置４からの回転数信号を演算装置１４に入力し、推進装置４の回転数が切替設定回転数より低い時は電気推進モードとし、高い時は主機推進モードとなるように、演算装置１４からの出力信号で電気推進電動機入切スイッチ１１と主機駆動発電機出力先切替スイッチ１２を自動的に切り替えるようにする。またこの時クラッチ５も連動して嵌脱が自動制御されるように構成されている。   Further, switching between the electric propulsion mode and the main engine propulsion mode is performed when the rotational speed of the propulsion device 4 reaches the speed commanded at the position of the speed control lever 16 that operates the propulsion speed of the ship installed in the wheelhouse. Switch. The rotation speed signal from the propulsion device 4 is input to the calculation device 14, and the calculation device 14 is set to the electric propulsion mode when the rotation speed of the propulsion device 4 is lower than the switching setting rotation speed and to the main engine propulsion mode when the rotation speed is higher. The electric propulsion motor on / off switch 11 and the main engine drive generator output destination changeover switch 12 are automatically switched by the output signal from. At this time, the clutch 5 is also configured to be automatically controlled to be engaged and disengaged.

図３は推進装置出力と推進装置回転数との関係を示す特性図である。
図３に示すように、推進装置出力は推進装置回転数の三乗に比例する曲線Ａとなる。ここで、電気推進モードと主機推進モードを切り替える切替設定回転数を点ｄに設定した場合、速度制御レバーの位置を（１）から（２）に操作した時、推進装置の回転数は点ａから点ｃの方向へ上昇を始める。そして点ｂを通過する際に電気推進モードから主機推進モードへ自動的に切り替わる。
この様に電気推進モードと主機推進モードの切り替えを全自動にて安全かつスムーズに行うことで船舶航行の安全性と信頼性が向上する。 FIG. 3 is a characteristic diagram showing the relationship between the propulsion device output and the propulsion device rotation speed.
As shown in FIG. 3, the propulsion device output is a curve A that is proportional to the cube of the propulsion device rotation speed. Here, when the switching setting rotational speed for switching between the electric propulsion mode and the main engine propulsion mode is set to the point d, when the speed control lever is operated from (1) to (2), the rotational speed of the propulsion device is the point a. Starts to rise in the direction of point c. When passing through the point b, the electric propulsion mode is automatically switched to the main propulsion mode.
In this way, the safety and reliability of ship navigation are improved by switching between the electric propulsion mode and the main engine propulsion mode automatically and safely.

さらに、電気推進電動機２と電気推進電動機入切スイッチ１１の間には電気推進電動機２の負荷電流を検出するための変流器１３が設けられており、検出された電流は演算装置１４へ入力される。電気推進モードから主機推進モードへの切り替えは、電気推進電動機２の負荷電流値にて切り替える。負荷電流値は変流器１３で検出して演算装置１４に入力し、演算装置１４にて電気推進電動機２の負荷量を演算する。速度制御レバー１６を増方向に操作した時、電気推進電動機２の負荷量とモード切替設定負荷量を比較し、電気推進電動機２の負荷量が設定された値以下の時は電気推進モードとし、負荷量が設定された値以上の時は主機推進モードとなるように、演算装置１４からの出力信号で電気推進電動機入切スイッチ１１と主機駆動発電機出力先切替スイッチ１２を自動的に切り替えるようにする。速度制御レバー１６を減方向に操作した時、レバーの位置が切替設定位置より上の時は主機推進モードとし、下の時は電気推進モードとなるように、電気推進電動機入切スイッチ１１と主機駆動発電機出力先切替スイッチ１２を自動的に切り替えるようにする。またこの時クラッチ５も連動して嵌脱が自動制御される。   Further, a current transformer 13 for detecting a load current of the electric propulsion motor 2 is provided between the electric propulsion motor 2 and the electric propulsion motor on / off switch 11, and the detected current is input to the arithmetic unit 14. Is done. Switching from the electric propulsion mode to the main engine propulsion mode is performed according to the load current value of the electric propulsion motor 2. The load current value is detected by the current transformer 13 and input to the arithmetic device 14, and the arithmetic device 14 calculates the load amount of the electric propulsion motor 2. When the speed control lever 16 is operated in the increasing direction, the load amount of the electric propulsion motor 2 is compared with the mode switching set load amount. When the load amount of the electric propulsion motor 2 is less than the set value, the electric propulsion mode is set. When the load amount is equal to or greater than the set value, the electric propulsion motor on / off switch 11 and the main drive generator output destination changeover switch 12 are automatically switched by the output signal from the arithmetic unit 14 so that the main engine propulsion mode is set. To. When the speed control lever 16 is operated in a decreasing direction, the electric propulsion motor on / off switch 11 and the main engine are set so that the main engine propulsion mode is set when the lever position is above the switching setting position and the electric propulsion mode is set when the lever position is below. The drive generator output destination changeover switch 12 is automatically switched. At this time, the clutch 5 is automatically controlled to be engaged and disengaged.

図４は推進装置出力と電気推進電動機出力と推進装置回転数との関係を示す特性図である。
図４に示すように、推進装置出力は推進装置回転数の三乗に比例する曲線Ａとなる。電気推進電動機出力は曲線Ａに推進装置の損失を加えた曲線Ｂとなる。ここで、電気推進モードと主機推進モードを切り替える電気推進電動機出力を点ｅに設定した場合、速度制御レバーの位置を（１）から（２）に操作した時、電気推進電動機の出力は点ａ’から増加を始める。そして点ｂ’に到達した時に電気推進モードから主機推進モードへ自動的に切り替わる。 FIG. 4 is a characteristic diagram showing the relationship among the propulsion device output, the electric propulsion motor output, and the propulsion device rotation speed.
As shown in FIG. 4, the propulsion device output is a curve A that is proportional to the cube of the propulsion device rotation speed. The electric propulsion motor output is a curve B obtained by adding the loss of the propulsion device to the curve A. Here, when the electric propulsion motor output for switching between the electric propulsion mode and the main propulsion mode is set to the point e, when the speed control lever is operated from (1) to (2), the output of the electric propulsion motor is the point a. 'Start to increase from. When the point b ′ is reached, the electric propulsion mode is automatically switched to the main engine propulsion mode.

この様に電気推進モードと主機推進モードの切り替えを全自動にて安全かつスムーズに行うことで船舶航行の安全性と信頼性が向上する。なお、モード切り替え制御方式はシステム毎に適宜選択する。   In this way, the safety and reliability of ship navigation are improved by switching between the electric propulsion mode and the main engine propulsion mode in a fully automatic manner safely and smoothly. The mode switching control method is appropriately selected for each system.

本発明の一実施例である船舶用ハイブリッド推進システムの結線図。The connection diagram of the hybrid propulsion system for ships which is one Example of this invention. 従来の旅客フェリー用ハイブリッド推進システムの結線図。Connection diagram of a conventional hybrid propulsion system for passenger ferries. 推進装置出力と推進装置回転数との関係を示す特性図。The characteristic view which shows the relationship between propulsion device output and propulsion device rotation speed. 推進装置出力と電気推進電動機出力と推進装置回転数との関係を示す特性図。The characteristic view which shows the relationship between propulsion device output, electric propulsion motor output, and propulsion device rotation speed.

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

１…主発電機、２…電気推進電動機、３Ａ…インバータ、３Ｂ…双方向インバータ、４…推進装置、５…クラッチ、６…主機、７…主機駆動発電機、８…スラスタ装置、９…安定化電源装置、１０…蓄電池、１１…電気推進電動機入切スイッチ、１２…主機駆動発電機出力先切替スイッチ、１３…変流器、１４…演算装置、１５…入力変圧器、１６…速度制御レバー。

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Main generator, 2 ... Electric propulsion motor, 3A ... Inverter, 3B ... Bidirectional inverter, 4 ... Propulsion device, 5 ... Clutch, 6 ... Main machine, 7 ... Main machine drive generator, 8 ... Thruster device, 9 ... Stable Power supply device, 10 ... storage battery, 11 ... electric propulsion motor on / off switch, 12 ... main engine drive generator output destination changeover switch, 13 ... current transformer, 14 ... arithmetic device, 15 ... input transformer, 16 ... speed control lever .

Claims (3)

船舶を推進させるプロペラを備えた推進装置と、前記推進装置をクラッチを介して駆動する主機と、前記推進装置に接続された電気推進電動機と、前記主機によって駆動される主機駆動発電機と、船内母線および前記電気推進電動機間に接続されるとともに、力行および回行のできる双方向インバータと、前記主機駆動発電機の出力先を前記双方向インバータ側あるいは船内母線側のいずれか一方へ切り替える主機駆動発電機出力先切替スイッチと、前記双方向インバータおよび前記電気推進電動機間に設けられ、入り状態のときは前記双方向インバータおよび前記電気推進電動機を接続し、切り状態のときは前記双方向インバータおよび前記電気推進電動機間を切り離す電気推進電動機入切スイッチとを備えた船舶用ハイブリッド推進システムにおいて、
電気推進モード時は、前記電気推進電動機入切スイッチを入り状態にして前記船内母線から供給される電力を前記双方向インバータにより制御して前記電気推進電動機の回転数制御を行うとともに、前記主機駆動発電機出力先切替スイッチを前記船内母線側に接続して前記主機駆動発電機の発電出力を前記船内母線側へ供給し、さらに前記クラッチを脱にして前記主機と前記推進装置とを切り離した状態で前記主機を高効率の一定回転数で運転して前記主機駆動発電機を一定回転数で駆動し、
主機推進モード時は、前記電気推進電動機入切スイッチを切り状態にして前記双方向インバータおよび前記電気推進電動機間を切り離すともに、前記主機駆動発電機出力先切替スイッチを前記双方向インバータ側に接続することにより前記主機駆動発電機の出力を前記双方向インバータへ入力して周波数制御を行い、周波数および電圧が一定な安定電力を前記船内母線へ供給し、さらに前記クラッチを嵌合として前記主機と前記推進装置とを接続した状態で前記主機の推進力で船舶を運航することを特徴とする船舶用ハイブリッド推進システム。 And promoting device comprising a propeller to propel the ship, the propulsion device main machine you kinematic drive via a clutch, and the propulsion device to the connected electric propulsion motor, the main machine thus driven main motor drive A generator, a bidirectional inverter connected between the inboard bus and the electric propulsion motor and capable of powering and turning, and the output destination of the main drive generator is either the bidirectional inverter side or the inboard bus side Provided between the main drive generator output destination changeover switch to be switched to one side , the bidirectional inverter and the electric propulsion motor, and when in the on state, connect the bidirectional inverter and the electric propulsion motor, and when in the off state the bi-directional inverter and the marine hybrid propulsion cis equipped with an electric propulsion motor on-off switch for disconnecting between the electric propulsion motor In-time,
In the electric propulsion mode, the electric propulsion motor on / off switch is turned on to control the electric power supplied from the inboard bus by the bidirectional inverter to control the rotation speed of the electric propulsion motor, and to drive the main engine A state in which a generator output destination changeover switch is connected to the inboard bus side to supply the power output of the main drive generator to the inboard bus side, and the main unit and the propulsion device are disconnected by disengaging the clutch The main machine is operated at a constant rotational speed with high efficiency to drive the main engine drive generator at a constant rotational speed,
In the main engine propulsion mode, the electric propulsion motor on / off switch is turned off to disconnect the bidirectional inverter and the electric propulsion motor, and the main engine drive generator output destination changeover switch is connected to the bidirectional inverter side. Thus, the output of the main engine drive generator is input to the bidirectional inverter to perform frequency control, supply stable power having a constant frequency and voltage to the inboard bus, and further, the clutch is engaged to the main engine and the A marine hybrid propulsion system , wherein a marine vessel is operated with the propulsive force of the main engine in a state where the propulsion device is connected . 請求項１に記載の船舶用ハイブリッド推進システムにおいて、船の推進速力を操作する速度制御レバーを備え、前記推進装置の回転数が前記速度制御レバーの位置で指令された切替設定回転数より低い時は前記電気推進モードとなり、前記切替設定回転数より高い時は前記主機推進モードとなるように、前記電気推進電動機入切スイッチと前記主機駆動発電機出力先切替スイッチとを自動的に切り替え、さらにクラッチも連動して嵌脱が自動制御されるようにしたことを特徴とする船舶用ハイブリッド推進システム。 2. The marine hybrid propulsion system according to claim 1 , further comprising a speed control lever for operating a propulsion speed of the ship, wherein the rotation speed of the propulsion device is lower than a switching setting rotation speed commanded at the position of the speed control lever. Automatically switches between the electric propulsion motor on / off switch and the main engine drive generator output destination changeover switch so that the electric propulsion mode is set and the main engine propulsion mode is set when the switching rotational speed is higher than A marine hybrid propulsion system in which engagement and disengagement are automatically controlled in conjunction with the clutch . 請求項２に記載の船舶用ハイブリッド推進システムにおいて、前記電気推進電動機の電流値を検出する検出手段を備え、前記速度制御レバーの位置と前記検出手段の検出値とにより前記主機駆動発電機出力先切替スイッチと前記電気推進電動機入切スイッチとを開閉することを特徴とする船舶用ハイブリッド推進システム。 In marine hybrid propulsion system as claimed in claim 2, comprising detection means for detecting a current value of the electric propulsion motor, the main motor driving the generator output destinations by the detected value of said detecting means and the position of the speed control lever A marine hybrid propulsion system, wherein a changeover switch and the electric propulsion motor on / off switch are opened and closed.
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