JP4287091B2 - Oxygen concentrator - Google Patents
Oxygen concentrator Download PDFInfo
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- JP4287091B2 JP4287091B2 JP2002058516A JP2002058516A JP4287091B2 JP 4287091 B2 JP4287091 B2 JP 4287091B2 JP 2002058516 A JP2002058516 A JP 2002058516A JP 2002058516 A JP2002058516 A JP 2002058516A JP 4287091 B2 JP4287091 B2 JP 4287091B2
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- oxygen
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Description
【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、酸素より窒素を選択的に吸着する吸着剤を用いた圧力変動吸着方法により、空気中から酸素を濃縮して使用者に供給する医療用の酸素濃縮装置に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
近年、肺気腫症、慢性気管支炎などの呼吸器系疾患に苦しむ患者が増加する傾向があるが、その最も効果的な治療法の一つとして酸素吸入療法があり、空気中から酸素濃縮気体を直接分離する酸素濃縮器が開発され、使用時の利便性、保守管理の容易さから酸素吸入療法用の治療装置として、次第に普及するようになってきている。
【0003】
かかる酸素濃縮器として、窒素を選択的に吸着し得る吸着剤を1個或いは、複数の吸着床に充填した吸着型酸素濃縮器が知られ、中でも空気供給手段として空気圧縮機を用いた圧力変動吸着型の酸素濃縮器が、在宅酸素吸入療法の装置として用いられている。
【0004】
かかる酸素濃縮器は、できるだけ小型の空気圧縮手段で多くの空気を送り込み、効率よく高濃度酸素を生成させることを考えて開発が行われており、特に、医療用酸素濃縮器では在宅使用することが多く、かつ夜間睡眠時にも使用するため、騒音レベルが低いことが装置性能として要求されている。
【0005】
しかし、従来の酸素濃縮器では、空気圧縮手段から駆動用モータの回転数に対応した周波数の騒音が発生する。例えばレシプロ型コンプレッサを入力周波数50Hzで運転した場合、低周波数領域では概ね50Hzの整数倍の周波数の騒音が特異的に発生する。
【0006】
この騒音を低減するため、吸気ダクトや排気ダクトを急激に流路断面積を拡大させたり縮小させたりすることによって音響インピーダンスの変化を持たせ、コンプレッサからの騒音を反射させる空洞型消音器を備える方法がある。また、騒音の主発生源である空気圧縮手段などを吸音材、消音箱などで囲み、消音対策を機器に組み込む方法も用いられている。例えば、特許公報第1638198号(特開昭61−155204公報)では、騒音源であるコンプレッサと冷却ファンを金属製防音ボックスに収め空気が出入りする開口部には管路を設け、これらの内面には吸音材が貼り付けられており、それぞれの管路には5回以上の屈曲回数を有している、と記載されている。
【0007】
しかし、騒音源の放射音を遮蔽するために防音ボックスを設置すると、内部の放射音による圧力変化によって防音ボックスの側面が振動し、新たな騒音源となることがある。このような振動による騒音レベルを下げる方法としては、遮蔽するボックスの板厚を厚くして重量を増す方法や材質を変更して剛性を増す方法が一般的である。このような従来の方法では、装置全体の重量が増大するばかりでなく、防音ボックスのコストが増してしまうという問題があった。また、防音ボックスによって騒音を遮蔽する方法では、1kHz以上の比較的高い周波数領域の騒音に対しては効果があるが、100乃至400Hz前後の低い周波数領域ではその効果があまり大きくないという課題もあった。
【0008】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
本発明は、上記課題を解決するものであり、在宅で長期使用する医療機器である圧力変動吸着型酸素濃縮器の性能を維持したまま、装置の重量やコストを大幅に増大させることなく、騒音レベルを下げることを目的とする。特に防音ボックス側面の振動による低周波数領域の騒音レベルを下げることを目的としている。
【0009】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明者はかかる課題に対して鋭意検討した結果、以下の装置を見出した。すなわち本発明は、酸素よりも窒素を選択的に吸着する吸着剤を充填した少なくとも1つの吸着筒と、該吸着筒へ空気を供給する空気供給手段、該吸着筒で生成した酸素濃縮空気を使用者に供給する酸素供給手段を具備した酸素濃縮装置において、該空気供給手段が発生する騒音を遮蔽する遮音手段を備え、該遮音手段を構成する部材の少なくとも1つの表面に凹凸部分を備えることを特徴とする酸素濃縮装置を提供するものである。
【0010】
また本発明は、かかる凹凸部分が、該部材の略対角線上に配置されていることを特徴とする酸素濃縮装置であり、該遮音手段が、該空気供給手段を内蔵するボックス手段であることを特徴とする酸素濃縮装置を提供するものである。
【0011】
【発明の実施の形態】
本発明の酸素濃縮装置は、圧力変動吸着方法により空気中の酸素を分離濃縮する装置であり、酸素よりも窒素を選択的に吸着する吸着剤を充填した少なくとも1つの吸着筒と、該吸着筒へ空気を供給する空気供給手段、該吸着筒で生成した酸素濃縮空気を使用者に供給する酸素供給手段を具備する。
【0012】
かかる吸着剤は、酸素よりも窒素の吸着率が高いものであり、5A型や13X型ゼオライト、Li型ゼオライトなどを使用することができる。吸着筒の数は1個或いは複数の吸着であっても良い。
【0013】
空気供給手段として例えばコンプレッサで圧縮空気を吸着筒に供給して加圧状態で窒素を吸着させることにより酸素濃縮気体を得る吸着工程と、吸着床の内圧を減少させて窒素を脱着させ吸着剤の再生を行う脱着工程、更には必要に応じて、脱着工程終了直前に、既に生成した乾燥酸素濃縮気体を一部逆流させ再生効率の向上と昇圧を目的とする均圧工程を順次一定サイクルで行うことにより酸素濃縮気体を得ることが出来る。脱着時の減圧圧力を大気圧までとするPSA(Pressure Swing Adsorption)方式の他、真空まで引くことにより脱着効率を上げたVPSA(Vacuum Pressure Swing Adsorption)方式を使用することも可能である。また空気供給手段としては、レシプロ型、ロータリ型、スクロール型、ヘリカル型など各種コンプレッサを使用することが出来る。空気供給手段が有する電動機を駆動する電源は、交流であっても直流であってもよく、インバータ機能によって回転数を変更することも可能である。
【0014】
生成した酸素濃縮気体を例えば3L/minなどの所定流量に調整した後、加湿器で加湿され、鼻カニューラなどの酸素供給手段で使用者に供給される。
【0015】
かかる空気供給手段から発生する騒音を遮蔽する遮音手段には、騒音を遮断する防音板の他、空気供給手段を内部に備えたボックス手段を使用することが出来る。かかるボックス手段は、木製や金属製、樹脂製の箱型容器であり、発生する騒音が外部に漏れるのを抑制するために、木製の箱および金属製やプラスチック製の箱の内部に吸音材を貼り付けたものなどが用いることが出来る。
【0016】
かかる遮音手段を構成する部材の少なくとも1つの表面には、凹凸部分を備える。かかる凹凸とは、凹凸が必ず並存することを意味する者ではなく、凸形状のみ、凹形状のみ、あるいは一方の面に凹凸があるものでも、一方が凹面他方が凸面であってもよい。
【0017】
かかる凹凸を設けることにより、遮音手段の剛性があがり、屈曲振動による波長が長くなり、側面に入射する音の波長とずらすことが出来る。
【0018】
凹凸面は空気供給手段側、すなわちボックス手段の場合はボックス内面にも設けても、外面に設けても良い。騒音低減には、特に空気供給手段を取り巻く四方側面が好ましく、略直方体形状の場合には、面積の大きい2つの対向する面に配置する。
【0019】
凹凸形状の製造には、コスト的にプレス加工で製造するのが好ましい。その場合、内面が凹面の場合はその外面は凸面となる。また棒状部材を表面に装着させて凸形状を持たせても良い。
【0020】
凹凸部分の断面形状は、図2に示す円弧型の他、三角型、四角型などとすることもできる。部材全体のおける凹凸部は、+字状やX字状に配置するのが好ましく、さらに好ましくは配置する面の対角線上に配置されるのが好ましい。また+字形状や円形形状等の凹凸面を複数配置することも可能であるが、製作する金型費などコスト上昇を招く可能性がある。凹凸形状の大きさは、幅7mm以上20mm以下、深さ2mm以上7mm以下が、500Hz以下、特に50乃至250Hzなど低周波領域の騒音低減効果に優れる。
【0021】
かかる遮音手段は、内部に配される空気供給手段を冷却するための空気の出入り口を上下面に有する。入口または出口には軸流型の冷却ファンやシロッコ型などの冷却ファンが配される。さらに入口と出口には冷却空気の導管が配される。
【0022】
冷却ファンや空気供給手段が発生する騒音を外部に漏れるのを抑制するために、金属製および木製やプラスチック製の直方体の箱の内部に吸音材を貼り付けたものなどが用いることが出来る。
【0023】
【実施例】
以下に、本発明の酸素濃縮器の好適な具体的実施例について図面を用いて説明する。
【0024】
本実施例で使用した酸素濃縮装置は、酸素よりも窒素を選択的に吸着し得る吸着剤としてLi型ゼオライトを充填した12本の吸着筒と、該吸着床へ空気を供給するコンプレッサを具備した酸素濃度90容量%以上で、最大酸素生成量3L/minの生成能力を有する医療用圧力変動吸着型酸素濃縮装置である。かかる吸着筒として、米国 SeQual社製のATFモジュールを使用した。またコンプレッサには米国Thomas社製の2個のシリンダを有する揺動型空気圧縮機を使用した。コンプレッサの駆動モータは、誘導型モータを用い、商用電源60Hzで駆動した。
【0025】
遮音手段には、内面にポリウレタン製吸音材を貼り付けた、亜鉛メッキ鋼板製のコンプレッサボックスを使用し、ボックス上面には円形開口部を設置し、下面には長方形開口部を設置した。実施例のコンプレッサボックスでは、図1に示すように面積の大きい左右2つの側面に、幅11mm、深さ4mmの凹凸型を側面の対角線上に内面側から外面側に凸形状となるようにプレス加工したものを使用した。凹凸形状の断面図を図2に示す。比較例ではボックスの大きさは同じで側面は平坦な形状のものを使用した。
【0026】
冷却ファンには、風量0.6m3/min、静圧13mmH2Oの能力を有する吸込み型シロッコファンを使用し、コンプレッサボックスの上部に配置した。冷却ファンはDC13.2Vで駆動し、同一回転数とした。
【0027】
本発明による騒音低減の効果を次の図3に示す。50乃至250Hz付近の騒音レベルが低減できていることが認められる。
【0028】
【発明の効果】
本発明により、装置の重量やコストを増大させることなく低周波数領域の騒音レベルを下げることができる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】本発明のコンプレッサボックスの概略図(側面)を示す。
【図2】本発明のコンプレッサボックスの凹凸型の断面形状を示す。
【図3】従来技術と本発明のコンプレッサボックスの騒音スペクトルを示す。[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a medical oxygen concentrating apparatus that concentrates oxygen from the air and supplies it to a user by a pressure fluctuation adsorption method using an adsorbent that selectively adsorbs nitrogen from oxygen.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In recent years, there has been an increase in the number of patients suffering from respiratory diseases such as emphysema and chronic bronchitis. One of the most effective treatments is oxygen inhalation therapy, in which oxygen-enriched gas is directly applied from the air. Separating oxygen concentrators have been developed, and are becoming increasingly popular as treatment devices for oxygen inhalation therapy because of convenience during use and ease of maintenance.
[0003]
As such an oxygen concentrator, an adsorption type oxygen concentrator in which one or a plurality of adsorbents capable of selectively adsorbing nitrogen is packed is known, and in particular, a pressure fluctuation using an air compressor as an air supply means Adsorption-type oxygen concentrators are used as devices for home oxygen inhalation therapy.
[0004]
Such an oxygen concentrator has been developed in consideration of efficiently sending high-concentration oxygen by sending in a large amount of air with as small an air compression means as possible, especially for medical oxygen concentrators to be used at home. Therefore, since it is used during nighttime sleep, a low noise level is required as a device performance.
[0005]
However, in the conventional oxygen concentrator, noise having a frequency corresponding to the rotational speed of the drive motor is generated from the air compression means. For example, when a reciprocating compressor is operated at an input frequency of 50 Hz, noise having an integer multiple of 50 Hz is specifically generated in the low frequency region.
[0006]
In order to reduce this noise, there is a cavity silencer that reflects the noise from the compressor by changing the acoustic impedance by abruptly increasing or decreasing the cross-sectional area of the intake duct or exhaust duct. There is a way. In addition, a method is also used in which an air compression means, which is a main source of noise, is surrounded by a sound absorbing material, a sound deadening box, etc., and a noise reduction measure is incorporated in the device. For example, in Japanese Patent Publication No. 1638198 (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 61-155204), a compressor and a cooling fan, which are noise sources, are placed in a metal soundproof box, and pipes are provided at openings through which air enters and exits. It is described that a sound absorbing material is affixed, and each pipe line has a number of bendings of 5 or more.
[0007]
However, if a soundproof box is installed to shield the sound emitted from the noise source, the side of the soundproof box may vibrate due to a pressure change caused by the sound emitted from the sound source, which may become a new noise source. As a method for reducing the noise level due to such vibrations, a method of increasing the weight by increasing the thickness of the shielding box or a method of increasing the rigidity by changing the material are generally used. Such a conventional method has a problem that not only the weight of the entire apparatus increases, but also the cost of the soundproof box increases. In addition, the method of shielding noise by the soundproof box is effective for noise in a relatively high frequency range of 1 kHz or more, but there is a problem that the effect is not so great in a low frequency range of about 100 to 400 Hz. It was.
[0008]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
The present invention solves the above-mentioned problems, while maintaining the performance of a pressure fluctuation adsorption oxygen concentrator, which is a medical device that is used at home for a long period of time, without significantly increasing the weight and cost of the device, and reducing noise. The purpose is to lower the level. In particular, it aims to reduce the noise level in the low frequency region due to the vibration of the side of the soundproof box.
[0009]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
As a result of intensive studies on this problem, the present inventor has found the following apparatus. That is, the present invention uses at least one adsorption cylinder filled with an adsorbent that selectively adsorbs nitrogen over oxygen, air supply means for supplying air to the adsorption cylinder, and oxygen-enriched air generated in the adsorption cylinder An oxygen concentrator provided with oxygen supply means for supplying to a person comprises sound insulation means for shielding noise generated by the air supply means, and has an uneven portion on at least one surface of a member constituting the sound insulation means. A featured oxygen concentrator is provided.
[0010]
Further, the present invention is an oxygen concentrator characterized in that such uneven portions are arranged on a substantially diagonal line of the member, and the sound insulation means is a box means incorporating the air supply means. A featured oxygen concentrator is provided.
[0011]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The oxygen concentrator of the present invention is an apparatus for separating and concentrating oxygen in the air by a pressure fluctuation adsorption method, and includes at least one adsorption cylinder filled with an adsorbent that selectively adsorbs nitrogen over oxygen, and the adsorption cylinder And an oxygen supply means for supplying the user with oxygen-enriched air generated by the adsorption cylinder.
[0012]
Such an adsorbent has a higher adsorption rate of nitrogen than oxygen, and 5A type, 13X type zeolite, Li type zeolite and the like can be used. The number of adsorption cylinders may be one or a plurality of adsorptions.
[0013]
As an air supply means, for example, an adsorption process for obtaining compressed oxygen gas by supplying compressed air to an adsorption cylinder with a compressor and adsorbing nitrogen in a pressurized state, and desorbing nitrogen by reducing the internal pressure of the adsorption bed to remove the adsorbent A desorption process for regeneration, and if necessary, immediately before the completion of the desorption process, a part of the dry oxygen-concentrated gas that has already been generated is partially backflowed to perform a pressure equalization process for the purpose of improving regeneration efficiency and increasing pressure sequentially in a constant cycle. Thus, an oxygen-enriched gas can be obtained. In addition to the PSA (Pressure Swing Adsorption) method in which the depressurization pressure during desorption is up to atmospheric pressure, it is also possible to use a VPSA (Vacuum Pressure Swing Adsorption) method in which desorption efficiency is increased by pulling to a vacuum. As the air supply means, various compressors such as a reciprocating type, a rotary type, a scroll type, and a helical type can be used. The power source for driving the electric motor included in the air supply means may be alternating current or direct current, and the rotation speed can be changed by an inverter function.
[0014]
The generated oxygen-enriched gas is adjusted to a predetermined flow rate such as 3 L / min, and then humidified by a humidifier and supplied to the user by an oxygen supply means such as a nasal cannula.
[0015]
As the sound insulation means for shielding the noise generated from the air supply means, a box means having an air supply means inside can be used in addition to the soundproof plate for shielding the noise. Such a box means is a wooden, metal, or resin box-type container, and in order to prevent the generated noise from leaking to the outside, a sound absorbing material is placed inside the wooden box and the metal or plastic box. Pasted ones can be used.
[0016]
At least one surface of the member constituting the sound insulating means is provided with an uneven portion. Such unevenness does not mean that the unevenness is always present side by side, and only the convex shape, only the concave shape, or one surface with unevenness may be concave on one side and convex on the other.
[0017]
Providing such irregularities increases the rigidity of the sound insulation means, increases the wavelength due to flexural vibration, and can be shifted from the wavelength of the sound incident on the side surface.
[0018]
The uneven surface may be provided on the air supply means side, that is, in the case of the box means, on the inner surface of the box or on the outer surface. In order to reduce noise, the four side surfaces surrounding the air supply means are particularly preferable. In the case of a substantially rectangular parallelepiped shape, the air supply means is disposed on two opposing surfaces having a large area.
[0019]
In order to manufacture the concavo-convex shape, it is preferable to manufacture by pressing in terms of cost. In that case, when the inner surface is concave, the outer surface is convex. Further, a rod-shaped member may be attached to the surface to have a convex shape.
[0020]
The cross-sectional shape of the concavo-convex portion may be a triangular shape, a square shape, or the like in addition to the arc shape shown in FIG. The concavo-convex portions in the entire member are preferably arranged in a + -shape or an X-shape, and more preferably on the diagonal line of the surface to be arranged. Although it is possible to arrange a plurality of concave and convex surfaces such as a + -shape and a circular shape, there is a possibility that the cost will increase due to the cost of the mold to be manufactured. As for the size of the concavo-convex shape, a width of 7 mm or more and 20 mm or less and a depth of 2 mm or more and 7 mm or less is excellent in noise reduction effect in a low frequency region such as 500 Hz or less, particularly 50 to 250 Hz.
[0021]
Such a sound insulation means has an air inlet / outlet on the upper and lower surfaces for cooling the air supply means arranged inside. An axial flow type cooling fan or a sirocco type cooling fan is arranged at the inlet or the outlet. Further, cooling air conduits are arranged at the inlet and the outlet.
[0022]
In order to prevent the noise generated by the cooling fan and the air supply means from leaking to the outside, it is possible to use a metal or a wooden or plastic rectangular box with a sound absorbing material attached inside.
[0023]
【Example】
Hereinafter, preferred specific examples of the oxygen concentrator of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
[0024]
The oxygen concentrator used in this example was equipped with 12 adsorption cylinders filled with Li-type zeolite as an adsorbent capable of selectively adsorbing nitrogen rather than oxygen, and a compressor for supplying air to the adsorption bed. This is a medical pressure fluctuation adsorption type oxygen concentrator having an oxygen concentration of 90% by volume or more and a generation capability of a maximum oxygen generation amount of 3 L / min. An ATF module manufactured by SeQual USA was used as the adsorption cylinder. The compressor used was an oscillating air compressor having two cylinders manufactured by Thomas, USA. The compressor drive motor was an induction motor and was driven at a commercial power supply of 60 Hz.
[0025]
As the sound insulation means, a compressor box made of galvanized steel sheet with a polyurethane sound absorbing material attached to the inner surface was used, a circular opening was installed on the upper surface of the box, and a rectangular opening was installed on the lower surface. In the compressor box of the embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1, a concave / convex mold having a width of 11 mm and a depth of 4 mm is pressed on the left and right side surfaces having a large area so as to have a convex shape from the inner surface side to the outer surface side on the diagonal line of the side surface. The processed one was used. FIG. 2 shows a sectional view of the concavo-convex shape. In the comparative example, a box having the same size and a flat side surface was used.
[0026]
As the cooling fan, a suction type sirocco fan having an air volume of 0.6 m 3 / min and a static pressure of 13 mmH 2 O was used, and was arranged at the top of the compressor box. The cooling fan was driven at DC13.2V and set to the same rotation speed.
[0027]
The noise reduction effect of the present invention is shown in FIG. It can be seen that the noise level near 50 to 250 Hz can be reduced.
[0028]
【The invention's effect】
According to the present invention, the noise level in the low frequency region can be lowered without increasing the weight and cost of the apparatus.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 shows a schematic view (side view) of a compressor box of the present invention.
FIG. 2 shows a concavo-convex sectional shape of a compressor box of the present invention.
FIG. 3 shows the noise spectrum of the prior art and the compressor box of the present invention.
Claims (2)
Priority Applications (7)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2002058516A JP4287091B2 (en) | 2002-03-05 | 2002-03-05 | Oxygen concentrator |
AU2003213391A AU2003213391A1 (en) | 2002-03-05 | 2003-03-05 | Oxygen enricher |
KR1020047013848A KR100978764B1 (en) | 2002-03-05 | 2003-03-05 | Oxygen enricher |
US10/506,572 US7179326B2 (en) | 2002-03-05 | 2003-03-05 | Oxygen concentration apparatus |
CNB038051397A CN100415317C (en) | 2002-03-05 | 2003-03-05 | Oxygen enricher |
EP03708495A EP1481703A4 (en) | 2002-03-05 | 2003-03-05 | Oxygen enricher |
PCT/JP2003/002583 WO2003074113A1 (en) | 2002-03-05 | 2003-03-05 | Oxygen enricher |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
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JP2002058516A JP4287091B2 (en) | 2002-03-05 | 2002-03-05 | Oxygen concentrator |
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JP2003252607A JP2003252607A (en) | 2003-09-10 |
JP4287091B2 true JP4287091B2 (en) | 2009-07-01 |
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JP2002058516A Expired - Lifetime JP4287091B2 (en) | 2002-03-05 | 2002-03-05 | Oxygen concentrator |
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JP6178988B2 (en) * | 2014-02-13 | 2017-08-16 | パナソニックIpマネジメント株式会社 | Fuel cell system |
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