JP4279179B2 - Method and apparatus for tightening fastening members - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a tightening member tightening method for positioning a tightening member with respect to a tightened member having a hole, and tightening the tightening member to the tightened member, and an apparatus therefor.

  Conventionally, as a device for positioning a fastening member with respect to a member to be fastened, a chuck claw capable of opening and closing an automatic screw tightening machine is used as a detection body at the tip of a movable part of a robot. These detection units are the light receiving end surfaces of a plurality of optical fibers dispersedly arranged in a fixed arrangement on the tip surface of the chuck claw, and by detecting the light transmitted by each optical fiber, the automatic screw A device provided with a position correction control means for correcting a positional deviation between the tip of the fastening machine and the screw hole is known (for example, see Patent Document 1).

JP 58-206387 A

  However, in the apparatus disclosed in Patent Document 1, after the tip of the automatic screw tightening machine is positioned in the screw hole, it is necessary to correct the misalignment, and the configuration is complicated and the work is complicated. There was a problem that work efficiency could not be increased.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above-described problems of the prior art, and an object of the present invention is to provide a fastening device that has a simple configuration and can perform fastening work of a fastening member with high accuracy. It is an object of the present invention to provide a method and an apparatus for fastening an attachment member.

In order to solve the above-mentioned problem, the invention according to claim 1 is a tightening member tightening method for positioning a tightening member with respect to a tightened member and tightening the tightening member on the tightened member, A rotary shaft main body that is rotatable by a power source, a socket that rotates integrally with the rotary shaft main body and that is movable forward and backward to the rotary shaft main body, and is attached to the rotary shaft main body so that the rotary shaft main body can be moved forward and backward. Using a device having a guide mechanism composed of a plurality of claw-shaped members, opening the plurality of claw-shaped members and attaching a tightening member to the socket; and closing the plurality of claw-shaped members. A state in which the tip portions are merged, the merged tip portions are inserted into the holes of the tightening member and positioned, and the plurality of claw-shaped members are moved backward in the positioned state to move the tip portions of the claw-shaped members. The plurality of claw-shaped members are extracted from the holes Open, in which the member tightening is rotated while advancing the socket fitted with a fastening member and a step of fastening the fastened member.

The invention according to claim 2 is a tightening device that positions the tightening member with respect to the tightened member and tightens the tightening member to the tightened member, and the tightening device is rotatable by a drive source. A rotating shaft main body, a socket that rotates integrally with the rotating shaft main body and that is attached to the rotating shaft main body so as to be movable forward and backward, and rotates integrally with the rotary shaft main body and is movable forward and backward with respect to the rotating shaft main body. A plurality of claw-like members mounted in an openable and closable manner, wherein the plurality of claw-like members are opened by moving backward and closed by moving forward. The members can be combined and inserted into the hole of the tightened member, and the core of the tightening member attached to the socket by inserting the tip portions of the combined claw-shaped members into the holes of the tightened member And after the centering, the plurality of The claw-like member is retracted and the tip of the claw-like member comes out of the hole and the plurality of claw-like members are opened, and the fastening member mounted on the socket can be positioned and fastened with respect to the member to be fastened. It is a configuration.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the tightening device for the tightening member according to the second aspect, the rotary shaft main body includes a cylinder forming a first hollow chamber and a second hollow chamber, and a rear end of the claw-shaped member. a first piston which slidably said first hollow chamber connected to said second hollow communicating with said first hollow chamber and the through-hole when the first piston is positioned at the rear of the first hollow chamber An air cylinder is composed of a second piston slidable in the room, and the socket moves forward and backward by the operation of the second piston, and the guide mechanism opens and closes by the operation of the first piston.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the tightening device for a tightening member according to the third aspect, the first piston and the second piston are operated by a spring in the retracting operation of the socket and the opening / closing operation of the guide mechanism. Is done.

  As described above, according to the present invention, by inserting the tip of the guide mechanism composed of a plurality of claw-like members into the hole of the member to be tightened, the tightening member attached to the socket is attached to the member to be tightened. Positioning can be performed easily, and the tightening operation of the tightening member can be performed with high accuracy.

  Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Here, FIG. 1 is a side view of a fastening device for a fastening member according to the present invention, FIGS. 2 and 3 are sectional views, FIG. 4 is a front view, and FIG. 5 is a sectional view taken along line AA in FIG. FIG. 6 is a flowchart showing a work procedure of the tightening method of the tightening member. 1 is a state in which the guide mechanism 5 is closed and the socket 3 not attached with the hexagon bolt 2 is in the retracted state, FIG. 2 is a state in which the guide mechanism 5 is in the closed state and the socket 3 to which the hexagon bolt 2 is attached is in the retracted state. FIG. 5 shows the socket 3 fitted with the hexagon bolt 2 in the opened state with the guide mechanism 5 open, and FIG. 5 shows the socket 3 with the hexagon bolt 2 not fitted in the closed state with the guide mechanism 5 closed.

  As shown in FIG. 1, a tightening device for a tightening member according to the present invention is connected to a rotating shaft main body 1 that is rotatable by an air drive source (not shown) and the tip of the rotating shaft main body 1, and is a tightening member. And a guide mechanism 5 including a socket 3 that can be moved forward and backward, and three claw-like members 4 that open and close in accordance with the forward and backward movement of the socket 3. The member to be tightened to which the hexagon bolt 2 as the tightening member is tightened is a nut 7 fixed to the back surface of the sheet metal member by welding.

  As shown in FIG. 2 or 3, the rotary shaft body 1 includes a cylinder 12 that forms a first hollow chamber 10 and a second hollow chamber 11, a first piston 13 that is slidable in the first hollow chamber 10, and When the first piston 13 is positioned behind the first hollow chamber 10, the air cylinder 16 is moved from the second piston 15 slidable in the second hollow chamber 11 communicating with the first hollow chamber 10 through the through hole 14. It is composed.

  The first piston 13 is connected to the rear end portions 4 a of the three claw-like members 4 via a slider 17 formed integrally with the first piston 13. Reference numeral 18 denotes an air supply pipe for supplying air from an air supply source (not shown) to the air cylinder 16, and 19 and 20 are air vent holes.

  The first piston 13 is moved backward by the air supplied from the air supply source, and is moved forward by the spring 21 via the slider 17 when the supply of air from the air supply source is interrupted. The second piston 15 is moved forward by the air supplied from the air supply source through the first hollow chamber 10 and the through hole 14, and is moved backward by the spring 22 when the supply of air from the air supply source is interrupted. Do.

  The socket 3 is connected to the second piston 15 via a hexagonal rod 23. The reason why the rod 23 has a hexagonal shape as shown in FIG. 5 is to rotate the cylinder 12 accordingly. The socket 3 is formed with a hexagonal hole 3a into which the head 2a of the hexagon bolt 2 can be inserted, and a magnet 24 for adsorbing the head 2a of the hexagon bolt 2 is fixed to the bottom of the hole 3a. Yes.

  The socket 3 moves forward and backward by the operation of the second piston 15, and rotates (clamps) by the rotation of the rotary shaft body 1 by the air drive source in the forward movement state where the hexagon bolt 2 is attached.

  As described above, the guide mechanism 5 arranges the three claw-like members 4 at a central angle of 120 degrees around the rotation axis of the rotary shaft main body 1, and opens and closes by the operation of the first piston 13. A band 25 made of an elastic member is wound around the center of the claw-like member 4 in order to smoothly close the guide mechanism 5.

  When the guide mechanism 5 is in the closed state, the tip portions 4b of the three claw-like members 4 are combined as shown in FIG. 4, and the combined tip portion 26 is an opening portion of the nut 7 that is a member to be tightened. The hexagon bolt 2 is centered with respect to the nut 7 by being inserted into 7a.

  Next, the tightening method and the operation of the tightening member according to the present invention will be described with reference to the flowchart showing the work procedure of the tightening method of FIG. The tightening device for tightening members according to the present invention is mounted on an automatic machine such as an industrial robot via a floating mechanism (not shown).

  First, in step SP1, an automatic machine is driven to tighten the tightening device for the tightening member in the state shown in FIG. 1 (the guide mechanism 5 is closed and the socket 3 without the hexagon bolt 2 is retracted). Move to bolt 2 supply station. Then, air is supplied from the air supply source to the first hollow chamber 10 through the air supply pipe 18, and the first piston 13, that is, the slider 17 is moved backward to open the three claw-like members 4, that is, the guide mechanism 5. .

  Then, in step SP2, when the first piston 13 is retracted to a predetermined position, the first hollow chamber 10 and the through hole 14 communicate with each other, and air from the air supply source is also supplied to the second hollow chamber 11, 2 The piston 15 is moved forward so that the socket 3 is moved forward.

  Next, in step SP3, the hexagon bolt 2 is attached to the socket 3 using the magnet 24.

  Next, in step SP4, the supply of air from the air supply source is stopped, the second piston 15 is retracted by the elastic force of the spring 22, and the socket 3 to which the hexagon bolt 2 is attached is retracted.

  At the same time, in step SP5, the first piston 13, that is, the slider 17 is advanced by the elastic force of the spring 21, and the three claw-like members 4, that is, the guide mechanism 5 are closed.

  Next, in step SP6, as shown in FIG. 2, the automatic machine is driven to move the fastening device of the fastening member to the fastening station, and the opening of the nut 7 fixed to the back surface of the sheet metal member 6 by welding. The rotating shaft of the rotating shaft main body 1 is made perpendicular to 7a, and the distal end portion 26 of the guide mechanism 5 is inserted into the opening 7a.

  Next, in step SP7, air is supplied from the air supply source to the first hollow chamber 10 through the air supply pipe 18, and the first piston 13, that is, the slider 17 is moved backward, so that the three claw-like members 4, that is, the guide mechanism 5 are recovered. Open.

  Further, in step SP8, as shown in FIG. 3, when the first piston 13 is retracted to a predetermined position, the first hollow chamber 10 and the through hole 14 communicate with each other, and the air from the air supply source is supplied to the second hollow chamber. 11, the second piston 15 is advanced to advance the socket 3, and the rotary shaft body 1, that is, the socket 3 is rotated by the air drive source to tighten the hexagon bolt 2 to the nut 7.

In step SP9, when the predetermined tightening torque is reached, the rotation operation of the rotary shaft main body 1 is stopped, and the automatic machine is driven so that the socket 3 is detached from the head 2a of the hexagon bolt 2 to return to the original position. To do.
This completes the tightening operation of the hexagon bolt 2 on the nut 7.

  According to the present invention, the fastening member attached to the socket can be easily positioned with respect to the fastening member simply by inserting the tip of the guide mechanism composed of a plurality of claw-like members into the hole of the fastening member. In addition, since the tightening operation of the tightening member can be performed with high accuracy, it is effective as a simple automated tightening means in an automobile production factory or the like.

Side view of the tightening device of the tightening member according to the present invention (the guide mechanism is in the closed state, and the socket not fitted with the hexagon bolt is in the retracted state). Sectional drawing of the tightening device of the tightening member according to the present invention (the guide mechanism is in the closed state and the socket to which the hexagon bolt is attached is retracted) Sectional drawing of the tightening device of the tightening member according to the present invention (the guide mechanism is in the open state and the socket to which the hexagon bolt is mounted is in the forward state) Front view of a tightening device for a tightening member according to the present invention (a guide mechanism is in a closed state, and a socket without a hexagon bolt is retracted) AA line sectional view of FIG. Flow chart showing work procedure of tightening method of tightening member

Explanation of symbols

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Rotating shaft main body, 2 ... Hexagon bolt (clamping member), 3 ... Socket, 4 ... Claw-shaped member, 5 ... Guide mechanism, 7 ... Nut (tightened member), 7a ... Opening part (hole part), DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 ... 1st hollow chamber, 11 ... 2nd hollow chamber, 12 ... Cylinder, 13 ... 1st piston, 14 ... Through-hole, 15 ... 2nd piston, 16 ... Air cylinder, 21,22 ... Spring, 26 ... Tip part .

Claims (4)

A tightening method of a tightening member that positions a tightening member with respect to a tightened member and tightens the tightening member to the tightened member,
A rotary shaft main body that is rotatable by a drive source, a socket that rotates integrally with the rotary shaft main body and that can be freely moved forward and backward, and is attached to the rotary shaft main body so that it can be moved forward and backward and can be opened and closed. Using a device having a guide mechanism composed of a plurality of claw-shaped members,
Opening the plurality of claw-shaped members and attaching a tightening member to the socket;
A step of bringing the plurality of claw-like members into a closed state and combining the tip portions, and inserting and positioning the combined tip portions into the holes of the tightened member; and
The plurality of claw-like members are retracted in a positioned state, and the front end portions of the claw-like members are extracted from the holes, and the plurality of claw-like members are opened, and the sockets to which the fastening members are attached are rotated while being advanced, and the fastening members are rotated. Tightening the member to the tightened member;
A fastening method of a fastening member comprising: A fastening device that positions a fastening member with respect to a fastened member and fastens the fastening member to the fastened member, the fastening device comprising:
A rotary shaft main body that is rotatable by a drive source, a socket that rotates integrally with the rotary shaft main body and that can be freely moved forward and backward, and a rotary shaft main body that rotates integrally with the rotary shaft main body. And a guide mechanism composed of a plurality of claw-like members attached to be freely movable forward and backward,
The plurality of claw-like members are opened by retreating and closed by advancing, and in this closed state, the plurality of claw-like members are combined and can be inserted into the hole of the member to be tightened.
Centering of the fastening member attached to the socket is performed by inserting the tip portions of the combined claw-like members into the holes of the fastening member,
Further, after the centering, the plurality of claw-shaped members are retracted so that the front end portions of the claw-shaped members are pulled out of the holes and the plurality of claw-shaped members are opened, and the fastening members attached to the sockets are connected to the tightened members. A fastening member fastening device characterized by being positioned and fastened. The rotating shaft body, and a cylinder for forming a first cavity and the second cavity, a first piston coupled for slidably the first hollow chamber on the rear end of the claw-like member, the first When the piston is located behind the first hollow chamber, an air cylinder is constituted by a second piston slidable in the second hollow chamber communicating with the first hollow chamber through a through hole, and the second piston 3. The tightening device for a tightening member according to claim 2, wherein the socket is advanced and retracted by an operation, and the guide mechanism is opened and closed by an operation of the first piston. The fastening device for a fastening member according to claim 3, wherein the forward movement of the first piston and the backward movement of the second piston are performed by a spring.