JP4278577B2 - Panel heater - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a panel heater provided with a refrigerant circuit in which carbon dioxide refrigerant is circulated by an electric compressor and solar power generation means for generating power with light.

  2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, panel heaters are known in which electric power supplied from a commercial power source is supplied to an electric heater to heat the oil and heat it. In addition, there is a heater that heats water with a boiler that uses fuel such as kerosene and circulates the hot water for heating. However, since these heating systems use electric heaters and fuel, they consume a lot of electric power and fuel.

  On the other hand, in recent years, there is a solar heating and hot water supply system that performs heating using sunlight that is natural energy. This solar heating / hot water supply system adopts a so-called sensible heat transfer mode in which heat obtained from a heat collector that collects the heat of sunlight is stored in a working fluid such as warm water or antifreeze and transferred. Then, the stored working fluid is transported and temporarily stored in a heat storage tank, and the heat of the working fluid is used as the amount of hot water supply as needed, and this heat is used as heating.

There is also a method of storing low temperature by mixing carbon dioxide (CO ₂ ) in a low-evaporator tank structure with a solid (dry ice) and liquid carbon dioxide liquid. By doing in this way, carbon dioxide can be used in a supercritical state, and thermal efficiency is good (for example, refer patent document 1).
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 11-14172

  However, in such a solar heating hot water supply system, piping work for conveying the working fluid from the heat collector to the heat storage tank has to be performed. For this reason, there has been a problem that requires difficulty, particularly when installed in an already built house.

  The present invention has been made to solve the problems of the related art, and an object of the present invention is to provide a highly efficient panel heater that consumes less power and fuel.

That is, the panel heater of the present invention are those the refrigerant circuit formed by circulating a carbon dioxide refrigerant, which comprises a radiator panel, circulating carbon dioxide refrigerant of high temperature and discharged from the electric compressor to the radiator panel by an electric compressor The refrigerant circuit is configured by sequentially connecting an electric compressor, a gas cooler, a decompression device, an evaporator, and the like in an annular manner, and the radiator panel is connected in parallel to the gas cooler and the radiator panel is connected to the radiator panel. A gas flow cooler comprising: a flow path control device that controls whether a carbon refrigerant is flown or a gas cooler; a heat storage tank that stores a phase change material; and a heat transfer circuit that transfers heat between the heat storage tank and the evaporator. The heat storage tank is provided in a heat exchange manner.

In addition to the above, the panel heater of the invention of claim 2 is characterized in that the heat transfer circuit is composed of a circulation circuit in which oil is enclosed and a pump for circulating oil in the circulation circuit. To do.

A panel heater according to a third aspect of the invention includes, in addition to the second aspect, a control device that controls the electric compressor, the flow path control device, and the pump, and the control device does not perform heating by the radiator panel. In addition, when the electric compressor is operated and the carbon dioxide refrigerant discharged from the electric compressor by the flow path control device is caused to flow to the gas cooler, heat is stored in the heat storage tank and heating is performed by the radiator panel. The apparatus is operated, the carbon dioxide refrigerant discharged from the electric compressor by the flow path control device is caused to flow to the radiator panel, and the pump is operated to convey the heat quantity of the heat storage tank to the evaporator .

In addition to the first to third aspects , the panel heater according to the fourth aspect includes solar power generation means for generating power by light, and the output of the solar power generation means is applied to the electric compressor and / or pump. characterized in that it.

  The panel heater of the present invention includes a refrigerant circuit formed by circulating carbon dioxide refrigerant by an electric compressor and a radiator panel, and circulates high-temperature carbon dioxide refrigerant discharged from the electric compressor to the radiator panel. The radiator panel is heated using the amount of heat pumped up by the circuit, and efficient heating can be performed by this radiator panel.

In addition, an electric compressor, a gas cooler, a decompression device, an evaporator, and the like are sequentially connected in a pipe, and the radiator panel is connected in parallel with the gas cooler, and a carbon dioxide refrigerant is passed through the radiator panel or a gas cooler. Equipped with a flow path control device that controls whether it flows to the radiator panel. The flow path control device allows the carbon dioxide refrigerant to flow through the radiator panel and transports the amount of heat pumped up by the evaporator to the radiator panel for efficient heating. It becomes possible to do.

In particular, if a heat storage tank that stores phase change substances and a heat transfer circuit that transfers heat between the heat storage tank and the evaporator are provided, and a gas cooler is provided in a heat exchange manner with the heat storage tank, the radiator panel When heating is not performed, heat is stored in the heat storage tank with a gas cooler, and when heating is performed with the radiator panel, the amount of heat in the heat storage tank is transported to the evaporator to be pumped and used for heating. Thereby, the improvement of the heating capability by a radiator panel can be aimed at now.

Further, if the heat transfer circuit is composed of a circulation circuit filled with oil and a pump for circulating the oil in the circulation circuit as in claim 2, the heat quantity of the heat storage tank can be reduced with a relatively simple structure. It can be conveyed to the evaporator with high efficiency.

Then, the electric compressor, the flow path control device and the control device for controlling the pump are provided as in claim 3, and the control device operates the electric compressor when heating by the radiator panel is not performed, thereby controlling the flow path. When storing carbon dioxide refrigerant discharged from the electric compressor by the device to the gas cooler to store heat in the heat storage tank and heating by the radiator panel, the electric compressor is operated and electric compression is performed by the flow path control device. If the carbon dioxide refrigerant discharged from the machine is flowed to the radiator panel and the pump is operated to transfer the heat amount of the heat storage tank to the evaporator, the heat storage to the heat storage tank and the heat transfer during heating are smooth. To be done.

Furthermore, if the solar power generation means for generating power by light as in claim 4 is provided and the output of the solar power generation means is applied to the electric compressor and / or the pump, it is usually not heated in the radiator panel in the daytime. In addition, the electric compressor can be operated using the output of the solar power generation means to store heat, and more efficient heating can be realized. Further, if the output of the solar power generation means is stored and the pump is operated to transfer heat, further energy saving can be realized.

  The main feature of the present invention is that heating is performed by a panel heater provided with a refrigerant circuit in which carbon dioxide refrigerant is circulated. That is, the purpose of realizing energy saving and more efficient heating is realized by combining a panel circuit heater with a refrigerant circuit formed by circulating a carbon dioxide refrigerant.

  Next, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram of a panel heater 1 showing an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a block diagram of an electric circuit related to the panel heater 1 of an embodiment of the present invention. The panel heater 1 of the embodiment includes a refrigerant circuit 51 and a heat transfer circuit 52 in a heat exchange manner, and the refrigerant circuit 51 includes an electric compressor 12 and a discharge of the electric compressor 12 as shown in FIG. A gas cooler (heat dissipation heat exchanger) 14 connected to the side pipe 12A, a capillary tube 16 (pressure reduction device) connected to the outlet side pipe 14A of the gas cooler 14, and a pipe 16A on the outlet side of the capillary tube 16 An annular refrigerant cycle is configured by connecting the outlet of the evaporator 20 to the suction side of the electric compressor 12.

Here, the refrigerant circuit 51 uses a refrigerant having a high and low pressure difference, that is, a natural refrigerant that is friendly to the global environment as a refrigerant, taking into consideration flammability, toxicity, and the like, that is, carbon dioxide (CO ₂ ). As the oil as the lubricating oil of the machine 12, existing oil such as mineral oil (mineral oil), alkylbenzene oil, ether oil, ester oil or the like is used.

  In addition, a first three-way valve 18 (corresponding to the flow path control device of the present invention) is connected to the discharge side pipe 12A of the electric compressor 12, and a second pipe 14A on the outlet side of the gas cooler 14 is connected to the second pipe 14A. A three-way valve 22 (corresponding to the flow path control device of the present invention) is connected. A pipe 10A on the inlet side of the radiator panel 10 for heating the room (not shown) is connected to the first three-way valve 18, and a pipe 10B on the outlet side of the radiator panel 10 is connected to the second three-way valve 22. Thus, the radiator panel 10 is connected in parallel with the gas cooler 14.

  The first three-way valve 18 prevents the carbon dioxide refrigerant discharged from the electric compressor 12 from flowing to the radiator panel 10 when flowing the carbon dioxide refrigerant discharged from the electric compressor 12 to the gas cooler 14. When flowing the carbon dioxide refrigerant discharged from the electric compressor 12 to the radiator panel 10, the carbon dioxide refrigerant discharged from the electric compressor 12 is prevented from flowing to the gas cooler 14.

  In addition, the second three-way valve 22 allows the carbon dioxide refrigerant discharged from the electric compressor 12 to flow to the gas cooler 14, so that the carbon dioxide refrigerant that has exited the gas cooler 14 flows to the capillary tube 16 and flows to the radiator panel 10. When the carbon dioxide refrigerant discharged from the electric compressor 12 is flowed to the radiator panel 10 via the first three-way valve 18, the carbon dioxide refrigerant discharged from the radiator panel 10 is caused to flow to the capillary tube 16 to the gas cooler 14. Stop flowing. In other words, the first three-way valve 18 and the second three-way valve 22 control whether the carbon dioxide refrigerant in the refrigerant circuit 51 flows through the radiator panel 10 or the gas cooler 14.

  The heat transfer circuit 52 is a circuit for circulating, for example, enclosed oil and transferring heat by the oil, and includes a pump 30 for circulating oil and a heat storage tank 32 for storing heat. Yes. An oil pipe 30B on the outlet side of the pump 30 is connected to the heat storage tank 32, and an oil pipe 32B provided on the outlet side of the heat storage tank 32 passes through the evaporator 20 and is connected to the inlet side of the pump 30. Is configured. The oil circulation circuit is filled with oil that excels in heat exchange and can efficiently transfer heat.

  The heat storage tank 32 contains a phase change material that can be solid at a predetermined temperature and liquid at a temperature higher than that, and can store a large amount of heat at this time. Examples of the phase change substance include sodium acetate that is solid at + 55 ° C. or lower and liquid at a temperature higher than + 55 ° C., or sodium acetate mixture that is solid at + 47 ° C. or lower and liquid at a temperature higher than + 47 ° C. Any of these is stored in the heat storage tank 32. In the present embodiment, description will be made using sodium acetate.

  Further, in the heat storage tank 32, oil is connected to the refrigerant pipe 14 </ b> B of the gas cooler 14 connected to the pipe 12 </ b> A on the outlet side of the electric compressor 12 and through which high-temperature carbon dioxide refrigerant flows, and to the inlet side of the pump 30. A circulating oil pipe 32A is provided. The refrigerant pipe 14 </ b> B and the oil pipe 32 </ b> A of the gas cooler 14 are immersed in the phase change material accommodated in the heat storage tank 32.

  Specifically, the refrigerant pipe 14B and the oil pipe 32A are formed in a coil shape or a meandering shape, and in this state, the refrigerant pipe 14B and the oil pipe 32A are immersed in the phase change material by being submerged in a coil shape or a meandering shape at substantially equal intervals. Yes. Further, the refrigerant flowing in the refrigerant pipe 14B and the oil flowing in the oil pipe 32A are configured to face each other. As a result, the carbon dioxide refrigerant passing through the gas cooler 14 and the phase change material accommodated in the heat storage tank 32 are arranged in a heat exchange manner, and the oil flowing in the oil pipe 32A and the phase change accommodated in the heat storage tank 32 are disposed. The substance is arranged in a heat exchange manner. That is, the gas cooler 14 is disposed in a heat exchange manner with the heat storage tank 32.

  Then, in the process in which the high-temperature carbon dioxide refrigerant exiting the electric compressor 12 flows into the gas cooler 14 and passes through the refrigerant pipe 14B, the phase change material around the refrigerant pipe 14B accommodated in the heat storage tank 32 is, for example, +55 The solid phase change material is changed to a liquid state by heating at a temperature of at least ° C. In this case, since the solid phase change material is changed to a liquid state, thermal energy can be stably accumulated (heat storage) as long as the phase change material does not become solid. Since the technology for changing the solid phase change material into a liquid state and accumulating heat energy is a well-known technology, detailed description thereof will be omitted.

  Further, the evaporator 20 is, for example, a heat-fixed heat-fixed meandering refrigerant pipe 20A through which carbon dioxide refrigerant flows and an oil pipe 32C through which oil flows, or two plates are bonded together to form carbon dioxide refrigerant. And a so-called roll bond type heat exchanger formed by expanding a flow path for circulating oil and oil. Further, the refrigerant flowing in the refrigerant pipe 20A of the evaporator 20 and the oil flowing in the oil pipe 32C are configured to face each other. As described above, the evaporator 20 is provided with the refrigerant pipe 20 </ b> A and the oil pipe 32 </ b> C of the heat transfer circuit 52 in a heat exchange manner so that the heat between the refrigerant circuit 51 and the heat transfer circuit 52 can be efficiently exchanged. is doing.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 2, the panel heater 1 has a control device 36 composed of a general-purpose microcomputer for controlling the operation of the electric compressor 12, the first and second three-way valves 18, 22 and the pump 30. Is provided. The control device 36 switches the first and second three-way valves 18 and 22 to supply carbon dioxide refrigerant from the electric compressor 12 to the first three-way valve 18, the gas cooler 14, the second three-way valve 22, the capillary tube 16, A circulation circuit for returning to the electric compressor 12 via the evaporator 20, and a carbon dioxide refrigerant from the electric compressor 12 to the first three-way valve 18, the radiator panel 10, the second three-way valve 22, the capillary tube 16, and the evaporator 20 Is switched to a circulation circuit that returns to the electric compressor 12 via

  Further, when the heating by the radiator panel 10 is not performed, the control device 36 controls the first and second three-way valves 18 and 22 to flow the carbon dioxide refrigerant discharged from the electric compressor 12 to the gas cooler 14. When heat is stored in the heat storage tank 32 and heating is performed by the radiator panel 10, the first and second three-way valves 18 and 22 are controlled, and the carbon dioxide refrigerant discharged from the electric compressor 12 is supplied to the radiator panel 10. While flowing, the heat energy stored in the heat storage tank 32 by operating the pump 30 is transferred to the evaporator 20 by the heat transfer circuit, and the carbon dioxide refrigerant sucked into the electric compressor 12 is heated (heat is given to the refrigerant). Thereby, it is comprised so that the temperature of the carbon dioxide refrigerant discharged from the electric compressor 12 can be raised effectively. That is, the temperature of the carbon dioxide refrigerant sucked into the electric compressor 12 is increased by the heat energy accumulated in the heat storage tank 32, and the temperature of the carbon dioxide refrigerant discharged from the electric compressor 12 is effectively increased. Thereby, the temperature of the radiator panel 10 is raised to perform high-efficiency heating so that energy can be effectively saved. At this time, for example, if the temperature of the carbon dioxide refrigerant in the radiator panel 10 is about + 70 ° C., the heating temperature is about + 50 ° C. of the surface temperature of the radiator panel 10.

  On the other hand, the electric compressor 12, the first and second three-way valves 18 and 22, and the pump 30 are connected to a system commercial AC power supply AC through an indoor distribution board 40. The indoor distribution board 40 includes lighting devices, washing machines, microwave ovens, ovens, electric heaters, air conditioners, heating appliances, electric fans, refrigerators, televisions, video and other acoustic devices, copy devices, telephones, machine tools, and other electrical devices. An indoor load 44 is connected.

  The indoor distribution board 40 supplies power by dividing the interior of the house into a plurality of parts in order to prevent the power supply of the entire house from stopping due to a large amount of power flowing through a part of the house wiring. In order to prevent an electrical accident from occurring due to a large amount of power flowing through a part of the indoor wiring, the appliance distributes the amount of power according to the location of use.

  Further, a solar panel 46 (solar power generation means of the present invention) is provided on the indoor distribution board 40 through a DC / AC conversion device 48 and installed on the roof or the like to obtain predetermined generated power by sunlight. Is equivalent). Since the electric power generated by the solar cell panel 46 is direct current (DC), it is connected to the indoor distribution board 40 via a DC / AC converter 48 equipped with an inverter. The DC / AC converter 48 boosts the DC power generated by the solar battery panel 46 and converts it into AC power, and converts it into 100 V or 200 V AC 50 Hz or 60 Hz that can be used in a general home. .

  Moreover, as the solar cell panel 46, what has a large electric power generation capacity, for example, about 3 Kw-5 Kw or more, which can cover the whole electric energy used in a general household, such as the indoor load 44 and the panel heater 1, is provided. . Note that the DC / AC converter 48 converts DC power into a frequency and voltage that can be used in a general home, since it is a well-known technique and will not be described in detail.

  Further, the indoor distribution board 40 is provided with a power selling device (not shown) capable of selling power to the system commercial AC power supply AC. When surplus power is generated in a state where the panel heater 1 and the indoor load 44 are operated with the power generated by the solar battery panel 46, the power selling device uses the inverter built in the power selling device to supply the system commercial AC power source AC. A predetermined voltage is made higher than the voltage of the flowing power. Of course, it is made to correspond with the frequency of system | strain commercial AC power supply AC with an inverter. Thereby, the electric power generated by the solar cell panel 46 is supplied to the grid commercial AC power source AC and sold to the electric power company. In addition, about the technique which converts the electric power generated with the solar cell panel 46 with an inverter, supplies it to system | strain commercial alternating current power supply AC, and sells electric power to an electric power company, it is a conventionally well-known technique and detailed description is abbreviate | omitted. The power selling device may be provided in the indoor distribution board 40 or separately.

  Next, the operation of the panel heater 1 will be described with reference to FIG. In FIG. 3, the refrigerant circuit 51 and the heat transfer circuit 52 are illustrated, and the solar cell panel 46, the system commercial AC power source AC, and the like are not illustrated. Further, the panel heater 1 heats the heat storage tank 32 with electric power generated by the solar cell panel 46 when the sun is out during the daytime (in this case, supplemented from the system commercial AC power supply AC when the electric power is insufficient). Energy is stored, and the stored thermal energy in the heat storage tank 32 is used for heating at night.

  First, the daytime control device 36 switches the first and second three-way valves 18 and 22 so that the carbon dioxide refrigerant discharged from the electric compressor 12 flows into the gas cooler 14 and flows into the capillary tube 16. At this time, the control device 36 does not operate the pump 30. When the solar panel 46 generates power in response to sunlight in the daytime, the generated power is supplied to the electric compressor 12 via the DC / AC converter 48 and the indoor distribution board 40 and driven. When the electric compressor 12 is driven, the high-temperature and high-pressure gaseous carbon dioxide refrigerant discharged from the electric compressor 12 to the discharge-side pipe 12A is discharged from the first three-way valve 18 to the gas cooler 14 as indicated by arrows in FIG. To. The high-temperature gaseous carbon dioxide refrigerant dissipates heat in the process of passing through the refrigerant pipe 14B in the gas cooler 14, and heats the phase change material disposed in the heat storage tank 32 to make the solid phase change material liquid. Change.

  At this time, the high temperature carbon dioxide refrigerant releases heat to the phase change material and is cooled, and the solid phase change material absorbs heat and liquefies to store heat, but the carbon dioxide refrigerant is condensed at this point. Instead, it passes through the refrigerant pipe 14B of the gas cooler 14 in a supercritical state (in a gaseous state). Therefore, a high heating capacity can be obtained. Then, the cooled carbon dioxide refrigerant exits from the piping 14A on the outlet side of the gas cooler 14, reaches the capillary tube 16 from the second three-way valve 22, is decompressed and liquefied there, and then flows into the evaporator 20. The carbon dioxide refrigerant that has flowed into the refrigerant pipe 20 </ b> A of the evaporator 20 evaporates (heat absorption) and returns to the electric compressor 12. This is repeated, and the panel heater 1 accumulates thermal energy in the heat storage tank 32 only by the electric power generated by the solar battery panel 46 without using the grid commercial AC power supply AC during the daytime when the sun is out.

  Next, when using night heating without sunlight, the solar panel 46 cannot receive sunlight, so the panel heater 1 is supplied with power from the system commercial AC power supply AC. The control device 36 switches the first and second three-way valves 18 and 22 so that the carbon dioxide refrigerant discharged from the electric compressor 12 passes through the radiator panel 10 and flows to the capillary tube 16, and also the electric compressor 12. Do the operation. Further, the pump 30 is also operated when the heating is at a high or medium load.

  When the pump 30 is driven, the oil in the heat transfer circuit 52 is warmed by the heat stored when the oil passes through the oil pipe 32A in the heat storage tank 32 as shown by the arrows in FIG. The circulation returning to the pump 30 through the pipe 32C is repeated. At the same time, the electric compressor 12 is driven, and the high-temperature and high-pressure gaseous carbon dioxide refrigerant discharged from the electric compressor 12 to the discharge-side pipe 12A as shown by an arrow in FIG. 4 is discharged from the first three-way valve 18 to the radiator panel. 10, the heat is dissipated and the room is heated, and this is repeated. Similarly, in the radiator panel 10, the refrigerant is not condensed and passes in a supercritical state, so that a high heating capacity can be obtained. Then, the carbon dioxide refrigerant radiated by the radiator panel 10 reaches the capillary tube 16 via the second three-way valve 22, where it is decompressed and liquefied, and then flows into the evaporator 20.

  Since the evaporator 20 is provided with the refrigerant pipe 20A and the oil pipe 32C of the heat transfer circuit 52 in a heat exchange manner as described above, the carbon dioxide refrigerant flowing into the refrigerant pipe 20A of the evaporator 20 is stored in the heat storage tank 32. Heat is pumped from the heat transfer circuit 52 to the refrigerant circuit 51 by exchanging heat with the oil that is heated by the pump 30 and transferred to the oil pipe 32C by the pump 30. Then, the carbon dioxide refrigerant heated by pumping up heat from the heat transfer circuit 52 is sucked into the electric compressor 12. Also, the oil cooled by the heat exchange with the carbon dioxide refrigerant in the evaporator 20 is transported through the heat transport circuit 52 and flows into the heat storage tank 32 again, where the oil is warmed by the phase change material. At this time, the liquid phase change material is solidified by releasing heat, and becomes solid after releasing the heat, and this is repeated.

  In this way, during the daytime when the sun is coming out, heat is stored in the heat storage tank 32 provided in the heat transfer circuit 52 with the power of the solar cell panel 46 without using the power from the system commercial AC power supply AC. Then, the high-temperature and high-pressure carbon dioxide refrigerant discharged from the electric compressor 12 is circulated to the radiator panel 10, and the radiator panel 10 is heated using the heat pumped from the heat transfer circuit 52 by the evaporator 20 of the refrigerant circuit 51. Therefore, the radiator panel 10 can perform indoor heating with high performance and efficiency.

  That is, the panel heater 1 is electric power generated by the solar battery panel 46 without using the system commercial AC power supply AC, and the electric compressor 12 of the refrigerant circuit 51, the first three-way valve 18, the second three-way valve 22, and Since the pump 30 of the heat transfer circuit 52 is driven, the heat is stored in the heat storage tank 32 provided in the heat transfer circuit 52, the heat stored in the heat storage tank 32 is pumped up, and the radiator panel 10 is heated for heating. Suitable heating can be performed without using electric power from the commercial AC power supply AC or heat from a heating means such as a boiler. As a result, significant energy savings can be achieved.

  In this case, the electric compressor 12, the gas cooler 14, the capillary tube 16, the evaporator 20, and the like are sequentially connected in a pipe to form the refrigerant circuit 51, the radiator panel 10 is connected in parallel to the gas cooler 14, and the radiator Since the first and second three-way valves 18 and 22 for controlling whether the carbon dioxide refrigerant flows to the panel 10 or the gas cooler 14 are provided, the first and second three-way valves 18 and 22 are used to control the carbon dioxide. The carbon refrigerant is allowed to flow through the gas cooler 14 to store heat, the carbon dioxide refrigerant is allowed to flow to the radiator panel 10 during heating, and the heat pumped up from the heat transfer circuit 52 by the evaporator 20 is transferred to the radiator panel 10 for efficient operation. Heating can be realized. Thereby, heat storage to the heat storage tank 32 and heat transfer during heating can be performed smoothly, and the heating capacity of the radiator panel 10 can be greatly improved.

  The heat transfer circuit 52 is composed of a circulation circuit in which oil is sealed and a pump 30 for circulating oil provided in the circulation circuit. Therefore, the heat transfer circuit 52 stores heat in the heat storage tank 32 with a relatively simple structure. The heated heat can be transferred to the evaporator 20 with high efficiency.

  In particular, since the output of the solar cell panel 46 that generates power by sunlight is applied to the electric compressor 12 and the pump 30, the power of the grid commercial AC power source AC is normally not heated in the radiator panel 10. The electric compressor 12 can be operated using the output of the solar battery panel 46 without using the heat storage tank 32 to store heat. Thereby, since the electric power consumption of system | strain commercial alternating current power supply AC can be suppressed, more efficient heating can be implement | achieved.

  When the heating load is light, the pump 30 is stopped and the heat transfer circuit 52 is not used. Thus, unnecessary operation of the heat transfer circuit 52 can be prevented and further efficiency can be achieved.

  In the embodiment, the indoor load 44 is operated with the electric power generated by the solar panel 46 and the surplus power is sold to the power company. However, the surplus power is stored in the power sale and storage battery, and the pump 30 is installed. If it is operated and transported by heat, further energy saving can be realized.

  In the embodiment, oil is sealed in the heat transfer circuit 52. However, the heat transfer circuit is not limited to oil, and a heat pipe that moves heat using latent heat may be used. The heat pipe is configured by a sealed metal pipe having a predetermined length and a working fluid sealed in the metal pipe. Then, in place of the pump 30, the control device 36 is provided with a valve for preventing the movement of the working fluid in the heat pipe. When heat is stored in the heat storage tank 32, the valve is closed to move the working fluid in the heat pipe. When blocking and heating with the radiator panel 10, the valve may be closed and heat may be transferred from the heat storage tank 32 to the evaporator 20 with the working fluid in the heat pipe. This eliminates the need for the pump 30 for circulating the oil, thus further saving energy.

It is a block diagram of the panel heater which shows one Example of this invention. It is a block diagram of the electric circuit of the panel heater of one Example of this invention. It is a figure which shows the thermal storage operation | movement of the panel heater of FIG. It is a figure which shows the heating operation | movement of the panel heater which heats with a radiator panel using the heat | fever stored in FIG.

Explanation of symbols

1 Panel heater 10 Radiator panel 12 Electric compressor 14 Gas cooler 16 Capillary tube (pressure reduction device)
18 First three-way valve 20 Evaporator 20A Refrigerant pipe 22 Second three-way valve 30 Pump 30B Oil pipe 32 Heat storage tank 32A Oil pipe 32B, 32C Oil pipe 36 Control device 40 Indoor distribution board 46 Solar cell panel (solar power generation means) )
48 DC / AC converter 51 Refrigerant circuit 52 Heat transfer circuit AC grid commercial AC power supply

Claims (4)

In a panel heater comprising a refrigerant circuit formed by circulating carbon dioxide refrigerant by an electric compressor and a radiator panel, and circulating high-temperature carbon dioxide refrigerant discharged from the electric compressor to the radiator panel ,
The refrigerant circuit is configured by sequentially connecting the electric compressor, a gas cooler, a decompression device, an evaporator, and the like in an annular manner, and the radiator panel is connected in parallel with the gas cooler,
A flow path control device that controls whether a carbon dioxide refrigerant flows through the radiator panel or the gas cooler, a heat storage tank that stores a phase change material, and heat that transfers heat between the heat storage tank and the evaporator A panel heater comprising a transfer circuit, wherein the gas cooler is provided in heat exchange with the heat storage tank. The panel heater according to claim 1, wherein the heat transfer circuit includes a circulation circuit in which oil is sealed, and a pump for circulating oil in the circulation circuit . A control device for controlling the electric compressor, the flow path control device and the pump;
The control device operates the electric compressor when heating by the radiator panel is not performed, and causes the carbon dioxide refrigerant discharged from the electric compressor by the flow path control device to flow into the gas cooler. When performing heat storage in the heat storage tank and heating in the radiator panel, the electric compressor is operated, and the carbon dioxide refrigerant discharged from the electric compressor by the flow path control device is caused to flow to the radiator panel, And the panel heater of Claim 2 which drives the said pump and conveys the calorie | heat amount of the said thermal storage tank to the said evaporator . The panel heater according to any one of claims 1 to 3, further comprising solar power generation means for generating power by light, and applying an output of the solar power generation means to the electric compressor and / or the pump. .

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