JP4272794B2 - Underwater escape training device - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to an underwater escape training apparatus that performs training for passengers to escape outside the vehicle compartment assuming a situation where a vehicle such as an aircraft or an automobile has accidentally landed due to an accident or the like, and is particularly small and lightweight with a simple structure, The present invention relates to an underwater escape training apparatus that can easily perform escape training without the need for incidental facilities.
[0002]
[Prior art]
As this type of conventional underwater escape training apparatus, a device described in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 8-305269 has been proposed. The underwater escape training apparatus is configured to imitate at least a part of a water storage section, an arm that is pivotally supported on the base end side and is provided corresponding to the water storage section, and a vehicle to be trained, A capsule supported rotatably around the virtual axis and the front and rear virtual axes, a first driving means for rotating the arm, and a second driving means for rotating the capsule around the left and right virtual axes And a third driving means for rotating the capsule around the virtual axis in the front-rear direction.
[0003]
Then, a trainee gets on the capsule, the arm is rotated by the first driving means, the capsule is lowered to land on the water storage section, and the capsule is moved to the left and right virtual axes by the second driving means. When the capsule is submerged in the water storage part by rotating the capsule around the virtual axis in front and rear by the third driving means, The emergency escape doors were opened to train to escape outside.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, such a conventional underwater escape training apparatus requires a long arm and uses a hydraulic cylinder or a hydraulic motor as each driving means, so the apparatus is complicated and large, and the weight is large. . Further, since the arm and its peripheral part are submerged in the water storage part together with the capsule, the water in the water storage part may be contaminated with the oils and fats of the driving means. In addition, various incidental facilities are required, and the installation location is fixed. Furthermore, since the apparatus is complicated and large-scale, it cannot be said that the maintainability is good and the cost is high.
[0005]
As a conventional example other than the above, as described in JP-A-8-305268, the simulated capsule is suspended and supported by a portal base frame, the simulated capsule is moved up and down, and back and forth. There is an underwater escape training device that is tilted and rotated around the longitudinal axis to enter and exit the water storage section. However, this conventional example also has the same problems as described above.
[0006]
Therefore, the present invention addresses such problems and provides an underwater escape training apparatus that is simple in structure, small and light, can easily perform escape training without the need for incidental facilities, and can be moved. The purpose is to do.
[0007]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve the above object, an underwater escape training apparatus according to the first means is formed by imitating a part of a vehicle to be trained, has a seat on which an instructor sits on an internal floor board, and has at least one of The side wall includes a simulated body having an opening for escape, and a buoyancy material attached to the lower surface side of the floor of the simulated body, and depending on the positional relationship between the weight of the simulated body and the buoyancy acting on the buoyancy material. The simulated torso is submerged on the surface of the training water.
[0008]
With such a configuration, when the trainee is placed inside the simulated body and the simulated body is moved and placed on the training water surface, it acts on the position of the center of gravity due to the weight of the simulated body and the buoyancy material at the lower part of the simulated body. Due to the unstable positional relationship with the buoyancy center due to buoyancy, the simulated torso naturally begins to roll over on the surface of the training water, and further submerged while rotating to the upside down state. In this state, the trainee performs training to escape from the opening for escape of the side wall.
[0009]
The underwater escape training apparatus according to the second means is formed by imitating a part of the vehicle to be trained, has a seat on which the trainer sits on an internal floor board, and is used for escape on at least one side wall. A simulated torso having an opening, a buoyancy material attached to the lower surface side of the floor of the simulated torso, a sling fitting provided at an upper edge of the simulated torso in the front-rear direction, and the above A suspension means coupled to a sling fitting, and suspending means for suspending the simulated torso, wherein the simulated torso is submerged on the training water surface by the positional relationship between the weight of the simulated torso and the buoyancy acting on the buoyant material. is there.
[0010]
With such a configuration, in a state where a trainee is in the simulated torso, a suspension means is connected to a sling fitting provided on the upper edge of the simulated torso to suspend the simulated torso, When placed on the training water surface, the simulated torso naturally moves on the training water surface due to the unstable position of the center of gravity due to its own weight and the buoyancy center due to the buoyancy acting on the buoyancy material at the lower part of the simulated torso. It begins to roll over and then submerges while rotating upside down. In this state, the trainee performs training to escape from the opening for escape of the side wall.
[0011]
Further, the buoyancy material may be detachably attached to the lower surface side of the floor plate of the simulated body. As a result, the simulated body placed on the training water surface will naturally roll over and rotate on the training water surface when the buoyancy material is attached, and will submerge as it is without rollover on the training water surface when the buoyancy material is removed. .
[0012]
Furthermore, the floor plate of the simulated body may have a large number of holes formed so that water can pass through. Thereby, the simulation trunk | drum which moved and set | placed on the training water surface can be submerged smoothly.
[0013]
Furthermore, a weight may be attached to a part of the simulated body. As a result, the position of the center of gravity due to the dead weight of the simulated fuselage and the buoyancy center due to the buoyancy acting on the buoyancy material in the lower part of the simulated fuselage are made unstable and the rotational direction of the simulated fuselage is changed to a predetermined direction from this unstable positional relationship. To regulate.
[0014]
The suspension means may include a sling bar having a length substantially equal to the length of the simulated body in the front-rear direction. As a result, when the simulated torso is suspended by the suspension means, the sling material can be stretched in parallel at substantially the same length as the longitudinal length of the simulated torso, and the simulated torso placed on the training water surface can be smoothly moved. Roll over and rotate.
[0015]
Furthermore, the sling bar may be provided with means for changing the suspended position of the simulated body in the longitudinal direction. As a result, the suspension position when the simulated trunk is suspended by the suspension means is variable.
[0016]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
FIG. 1 is a front view showing an embodiment of an underwater escape training apparatus according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is a side view thereof, and FIG. 3 is a perspective view thereof. This underwater escape training device trains passengers to escape out of the vehicle compartment, assuming that a vehicle such as an aircraft or automobile has landed accidentally due to an accident, etc. The simulated fuselage 1, the buoyancy material 2, and the sling A metal fitting 3 and hanging means 4 are provided.
[0017]
1 to 3, a simulated body 1 is a main body on which a trainee gets on and performs escape training underwater, and imitates a part of a vehicle to be trained, for example, a helicopter body or a car body. Is formed. As shown in FIG. 4, the simulated body 1 is composed of frames 5, 5,... Made of, for example, aluminum hollow pipes to form a body frame, and on the outside, as shown in FIGS. For example, an outer plate 6 made of aluminum is stretched. The material of the frame 5 and the outer plate 6 is preferably aluminum in order to reduce the weight, but is not limited thereto, and may be other metals or synthetic resins. The frame 5 is a hollow pipe in order to generate buoyancy from the frame 5 itself. However, if the buoyancy is not taken into consideration, the frame 5 need not be a hollow pipe.
[0018]
The front portion 7 and the rear portion of the simulated body 1 are opened without the outer plate 6 being stretched, and escape openings 8 are formed on both side wall portions. In addition, this opening part 8 should just be formed in at least one side wall part.
[0019]
As shown in FIGS. 1 and 3, a floor board 9 is stretched inside the simulated body 1, and on the floor board 9, for example, two seats 10 on which trainers sit are provided. The seat 10 is provided with a shoulder harness (not shown) for fixing the trainee, and is movable and detachable as a whole. The floor plate 9 is made of, for example, stainless steel, and has a number of holes that allow water to pass therethrough and has a wire mesh shape. This is for the simulated body 1 to be submerged smoothly on the training water surface, but it may be flat without forming a large number of holes.
[0020]
A simulation center pedestal 11 and a simulation instrument panel 12 are detachably provided on the front side of the seat 10 inside the simulation body 1. In this state, the simulated fuselage 1 is formed to imitate a portion of the cockpit or the passenger compartment in particular.
[0021]
As shown in FIGS. 1 and 3, a buoyancy material 2 is attached to the lower surface side of the floor plate 9 of the simulated body 1. The buoyancy material 2 acts on the whole of the simulated body 1 and is made of a material having a small specific gravity such as foamed polystyrene, and has a frame 5 and a plurality of holes formed on the lower surface side of the floor plate 9. For example, it is detachably attached to a space partitioned into three. Specifically, three buoyancy members 2 are inserted from the front and rear lower openings of the simulated body 1 and fixed with fixing nets from the front and rear. Then, due to the unstable positional relationship between the weight of the simulated body 1 and the buoyancy acting on the buoyancy material 2, the simulated body 1 begins to roll over naturally on the training water surface, and further submerged while rotating upside down. It is said that.
[0022]
Further, as shown in FIG. 2, a sling fitting 3 is provided on the upper edge of the simulated body 1 in the front-rear direction. The sling fitting 3 is a member for suspending the simulated body 1 with a lifting device (not shown), and is composed of, for example, a sling bolt configured in a universal joint type.
[0023]
Furthermore, the sling fitting 3 is connected to a hanging means 4 (see FIG. 1). The suspending means 4 is connected to the sling fitting 3 and serves as means for suspending the simulated body 1 with a lifting device (not shown). For example, as shown in FIG. And a sling bar 14 having a length substantially equal to the length of the simulated body 1 in the front-rear direction. Instead of the two sling members 13, 13, various ropes or their equivalents may be used. Or you may use together both the sling material 13 and various ropes, or its equivalent for safety. The sling bar 14 is a hollow pipe to reduce the weight.
[0024]
Then, the lower ends of the two sling members 13, 13 are connected to the sling fitting 3, the upper ends of the sling members 13, 13 are connected to both ends of the sling bar 14, and the sling members 13, 13 The simulated body 1 is stretched in parallel at substantially equal intervals.
[0025]
In the sling bar 14, a plurality of holes 15, 15,... That can change the position where the hook of the lifting device is hooked are opened at predetermined intervals. The holes 15, 15,... Serve as means for changing the suspended position of the simulated body 1 in the longitudinal direction of the sling bar 14, and include the balance of the weight of the simulated body 1 and the boarding position of the trainee. Therefore, the simulation body 1 is adjusted so as to be suspended substantially horizontally.
[0026]
As shown in FIG. 1, a weight 16 is attached to a part of the simulated body 1. Due to the positional relationship between the weight of the simulated body 1 and the buoyancy acting on the buoyancy material 2, the weight 16 is turned over when the simulated body 1 rolls over on the training water surface and rotates while turning upside down. The position of the center of gravity of the buoyant material 2 and the center of buoyancy due to the buoyancy acting on the buoyancy material 2 are positively unstable, and the rollover or rotation direction of the simulated body 1 is restricted to a predetermined direction. A rod-like heavy object such as stainless steel is attached between the frames 5.
[0027]
The attachment position of the weight 16 may be provided to be deviated from the vertical axis of the simulated body 1 to the left or right side, or may be provided at the vertical axis position. When it is provided to be deviated from the vertical axis to the left or right side, the rotation direction can be restricted to left rotation or right rotation, but when it is provided at the position of the vertical axis, it is either left rotation or right rotation. . As shown in FIG. 1, when provided on the left side of the vertical axis when viewed from the front of the simulated body 1, it rotates in the counterclockwise direction in FIG. The weight 16 is detachable. Even without the weight 16, the simulated body 1 rolls over on the training water surface due to the positional relationship between the weight of the simulated body 1 and the buoyancy acting on the buoyancy material 2. It is submerged while rotating upside down.
[0028]
Next, use of the underwater escape training apparatus configured as described above will be described with reference to FIG. First, in the state of FIG. 3, the simulated body 1 is fixed to the upper surface of a stable base or cart. Then, a sling member 13 and a sling bar 14 are connected to the sling fitting 3 of the simulated body 1, and a hook of a lifting device is hung on a ring 17 coupled to a hole 15 at the center of the sling bar 14. Is slowly raised to expand the sling material 13 and stop.
[0029]
Next, in this state, the trainee gets into the simulated body 1 from the opening 8 and sits on the seat 10 to tighten the shoulder harness. Then, the said raising / lowering apparatus is raised, the simulation body 1 with which the trainer boarded is lifted, this is moved horizontally, and it is located above the pool 18 (refer FIG. 5) as a training water surface. And the said raising / lowering apparatus descend | falls at the slow constant speed, and as shown to Fig.5 (a), the simulation trunk | drum 1 is suspended on the water surface of the pool 18, and is made to land.
[0030]
After that, the lifting device is lowered at the same speed, and the simulated body 1 is lowered as shown by the arrow A. Then, although the simulation body 1 starts to sink, as shown in FIG. 1, the weight 16 is attached to the left side of the ceiling portion of the simulation body 1 and the buoyancy material is provided on the lower surface side of the floor plate 9 of the simulation body 1. 2 is attached, the simulated body 1 is in the direction of arrow B in FIG. 5A because of the unstable positional relationship between the center of gravity position of the simulated body 1 and the buoyancy center due to the buoyancy acting on the buoyancy material 2. Begin to roll over naturally. At this time, the constant descent speed of the simulated body 1 in the direction of arrow A serves as a brake for rotating the simulated body 1 in the direction of arrow B.
[0031]
Further, when the sling material 13 is lowered as shown by the arrow A as it is, the simulated body 1 is rolled over by 90 degrees in the direction of the arrow B as shown in FIG. At this time, the simulated body 1 is in a state of being submerged in half in the water surface of the pool 18, for example. Thereafter, when the sling material 13 is lowered as shown by an arrow A, the simulated body 1 is rotated 180 degrees in the direction of the arrow B as shown in FIG. At this time, the simulated body 1 rotates to the upside down state, and stops, for example, in a state where almost the entire body is submerged in the water surface of the pool 18.
[0032]
In this state, the trainee is in a breathing stop state, removes the shoulder harness, detaches upside down from the seat 10, and escapes from the opening 8 for escape on the side wall portion of the simulated trunk 1. At this time, since the sling material 13 is stretched in parallel by the sling bar 14 at a distance approximately equal to the longitudinal length of the simulation body 1, it does not interfere with the escape operation of the trainee. In this case, since the buoyancy material 2 has a sufficient buoyancy with respect to the weight of the simulated body 1, the simulated body 1 stops just below the water surface of the pool 18 and does not hit the bottom of the pool 18. Absent.
[0033]
When it is confirmed that all the trainees have escaped safely, the lifting device is raised and the sling member 13 shown in FIG. Then, the simulated body 1 is lifted little by little while rotating in the direction opposite to the direction of the arrow B, and the correct vertical position shown in FIG. Returning to FIG.
[0034]
Thereafter, the lifting / lowering device is further raised to lift the simulated body 1 to a predetermined height, which is moved horizontally and placed on the upper surface of a stable table or cart on the side of the pool 18 and fixed. Thereby, a series of underwater escape training is completed.
[0035]
Next, another use state of the underwater escape training apparatus will be described with reference to FIG. 6 is used by removing the buoyancy material 2 on the lower surface side of the floor plate 9 of the simulated body 1 shown in FIG. In this case, as shown in FIG. 6 (a), the process proceeds in exactly the same manner as in the state shown in FIG. 5 (a) until the simulated body 1 is suspended from the water surface of the pool 18 and landed.
[0036]
Then, when the lifting device is lowered at the same speed in FIG. 6A and the simulated body 1 is lowered as shown by the arrow A, the buoyancy caused by the buoyant material 2 does not work on the simulated body 1 as it is. It sinks downward due to its own weight. Thereafter, when the simulated body 1 is lowered as indicated by an arrow A, the simulated body 1 stops in a state where the entire body is submerged in the water surface of the pool 18 in the correct vertical position as shown in FIG. In this state, the trainee is in a breathing stop state, removes the shoulder harness, leaves the seat 10, and escapes from the escape opening 8 in the side wall portion of the simulated trunk 1.
[0037]
When it is confirmed that all the trainees have escaped safely, the lifting device is raised and the simulated body 1 shown in FIG. Then, the simulated body 1 is lifted upward from the water surface of the pool 18 as it is. Thereafter, the lifting / lowering device is further raised to lift the simulated body 1 to a predetermined height, which is moved horizontally and placed on the upper surface of a stable table or cart on the side of the pool 18 and fixed. Thereby, a series of underwater escape training is completed.
[0038]
In FIG. 2, when the position of the seat 10 is moved forward or backward, the position of the ring 17 is changed back and forth using the plurality of holes 15 of the sling bar 14, and the change is made. The simulated body 1 can be stably lifted by hooking the hook of the lifting device at the position of the subsequent ring 17. In the above description, the suspension means 4 includes the two sling members 13 and the sling bar 14, but the present invention is not limited to this, and one or two sling members 13 are used. It is also possible to make an inverted V shape and hang this inverted V shape sling material directly on the hook of the lifting device.
[0039]
Further, in the above description, the sling fitting 3 is provided at the upper edge in the front-rear direction of the simulated body 1, and the suspension means 4 that is connected to the sling fitting 3 and suspends the simulated body 1 is provided. The present invention is not limited to this, and the sling fitting 3 and the hanging means 4 need not be provided. In this case, the simulated body 1 is lifted by some means to land on a training water surface such as a pool, and the unstable position relationship between the center of gravity due to the weight of the simulated body 1 and the buoyancy center due to the buoyancy acting on the buoyancy material 2 What is necessary is just to submerge and the said training body 1 should just collect | recover the said trunk | drum 1 by some means after a trainer escapes.
[0040]
【The invention's effect】
Since the present invention is configured as described above, according to the first aspect of the present invention, when the simulated torso is moved and placed on the training water surface while a trainee is in the simulated torso, the simulated torso Due to the unstable positional relationship between the center of gravity position due to its own weight and the buoyancy center due to the buoyancy force acting on the buoyancy material in the lower part of the simulated fuselage, the simulated fuselage starts to roll over naturally on the training water surface and further rotates to the upside down state Submerge. In this state, the trainee can perform training to escape from the opening for escape of the side wall. Therefore, it is possible to provide an underwater escape training apparatus that has a simple structure, is small and light, can easily perform escape training without requiring incidental facilities, and can move. In addition, the water on the training water surface is not contaminated with the oils and fats of the driving means as in the prior art. Furthermore, the maintainability of the apparatus is good and the cost can be reduced.
[0041]
According to the second aspect of the present invention, in the state where the trainee is on board the simulated torso, the suspension means is connected to the sling fitting provided on the upper edge of the simulated torso to suspend the simulated torso. When the simulated torso is moved and placed on the training water surface, the simulated torso has an unstable positional relationship between the position of the center of gravity due to its own weight and the buoyancy center due to the buoyancy acting on the buoyancy material at the lower part of the simulated torso. Begins to roll over naturally on the surface of the training water, and further submerged while rotating upside down. In this state, the trainee can perform training to escape from the opening for escape of the side wall.
[0042]
Furthermore, according to the invention according to claim 3, by detachably attaching the buoyancy material to the lower surface side of the floor plate of the simulation body, the simulation body placed on the training water surface is provided with a buoyancy material. When attached, it can roll over and rotate naturally on the training water surface, and when the buoyancy material is removed, it can be submerged as it is without rolling over on the training water surface. Therefore, two types of escape training can be performed with one underwater escape training apparatus.
[0043]
Furthermore, according to the invention according to claim 4, since the plurality of holes are formed so as to allow water to pass through the floor plate of the simulated torso, the simulated torso that has been moved and placed on the training water surface is smooth. It can be submerged. Therefore, training time can be shortened.
[0044]
According to the invention of claim 5, by providing a weight to a part of the simulated fuselage, the center of gravity position due to the weight of the simulated fuselage and the buoyancy center due to the buoyancy acting on the buoyancy material at the lower part of the simulated fuselage are obtained. It can be positively unstable, and the rotational direction of the simulated body can be restricted to a predetermined direction from this unstable positional relationship. Therefore, for example, in a helicopter, it can always be rotated to the co-pilot's seat side.
[0045]
Furthermore, according to the invention of claim 6, the suspension means is provided with a sling bar having a length substantially equal to the length in the front-rear direction of the simulation body, so that the simulation body is mounted by the suspension means. When suspended, the sling material can be stretched in parallel at substantially the same length as the longitudinal length of the simulated body, and the simulated body placed on the training water surface can be smoothly rolled over and rotated. In addition, the trainer can be prevented from getting in the way of escape.
[0046]
Furthermore, according to the invention of claim 7, since the sling bar is provided with means for changing the suspended position of the simulated body in the longitudinal direction thereof, the simulated body is suspended by the suspension means. The hanging position when lowering can be made variable. Therefore, when the seat position is moved forward or backward, the simulated body can be stably lifted by changing the suspension position back and forth.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a front view showing an embodiment of an underwater escape training apparatus according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a side view of FIG.
FIG. 3 is a perspective view of FIG. 1;
FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing a skeleton constituting a simulated torso.
FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram showing a use state of the underwater escape training apparatus of the present invention.
FIG. 6 is an explanatory view showing another use state of the underwater escape training apparatus of the present invention.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Simulated body 2 ... Buoyant material 3 ... Sling metal fitting 4 ... Suspension means 5 ... Frame 6 ... Outer plate 8 ... Opening part 9 ... Floor board 10 ... Seat 13 ... Sling material 14 ... Sling bar 15 ... For changing suspension position Hole 16 ... Weight 18 ... Pool (training water surface)

Claims (7)

A simulated torso formed by imitating a part of a vehicle to be trained, having a seat on which a trainer sits on an internal floor board, and having an escape opening on at least one side wall;
With a buoyancy material attached to the lower surface side of the floor plate of this simulated torso,
An underwater escape training apparatus characterized in that the simulated torso is submerged on the training water surface by the positional relationship between the weight of the simulated torso and the buoyancy acting on the buoyancy material. A simulated torso formed by imitating a part of a vehicle to be trained, having a seat on which a trainer sits on an internal floor board, and having an escape opening on at least one side wall;
A buoyancy material attached to the lower surface side of the floor plate of the simulated fuselage;
A sling fitting provided at the upper edge of the simulated torso in the front-rear direction for suspending the simulated torso,
Hanging means coupled to the sling fitting and hanging the simulated torso,
An underwater escape training apparatus characterized in that the simulated torso is submerged on the training water surface by the positional relationship between the weight of the simulated torso and the buoyancy acting on the buoyancy material. The underwater escape training apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the buoyancy material is detachably attached to the lower surface side of the floor plate of the simulated body. The underwater escape training apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the floor plate of the simulated body is formed with a large number of holes so that water can pass therethrough. The underwater escape training apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein a weight is attached to a part of the simulated body. The underwater escape training apparatus according to claim 2 , wherein the suspension means includes a sling bar having a length substantially equal to a length in the front-rear direction of the simulated torso. 7. The underwater escape training apparatus according to claim 6, wherein the sling bar is formed with means for changing the suspended position of the simulated body in the longitudinal direction.

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