JP4271098B2 - Work tool attachment / detachment device - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to an improvement of a work tool attaching / detaching device that is applied to a work vehicle that performs, for example, civil engineering work, agricultural work, transportation work, and the like, and attaches work tools such as buckets and forks detachably.

Conventionally, for example, the following devices are known as this type of work tool attaching / detaching device.
(1) The main part of the detachable device is exposed (see Patent Documents 1 to 3).
(2) The main part of the attachment / detachment device is provided in the inside using a hollow locking member whose upper and lower sides are opened on the main body side (see FIGS. 4 and 5 of Patent Document 4 and Patent Document 5). reference).
(3) A protective cover is provided on the main body side, and the main part of the attachment / detachment device is covered using the back surface on the work tool side (see Patent Document 6).

JP-A-51-132603 JP 7-18694 A Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 9-125447 Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 63-130550 Utility Model Registration No. 2510778 Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 4-122753

In the case of (1), the main part of the attaching / detaching device is exposed, so there is a possibility that foreign matter adheres and the device becomes inoperable or rusts.
In the case of (2), foreign matter may enter from above and adhere to the main part of the attachment / detachment device, which is not perfect. Further, the mounting boss part of the dump cylinder cannot be provided above the locking member, and the dump cylinder cannot be paired on the left and right.
Since (3) can completely cover the main part of the detachable device, the above-mentioned difficulties (1) and (2) can be solved.
However, since the operation lever (3) has to be provided through the protective cover, the structure (3) has a problem in that the structure is complicated and the cost is high.

  The present invention was devised in view of the above-mentioned problems, and was devised to solve this problem. The problem is that it is possible to prevent malfunction and rusting due to foreign matter, and yet the structure is simple. It is an object of the present invention to provide a work tool attaching / detaching apparatus which is not costly.

  The working tool attaching / detaching device of the present invention basically includes a main body, a working tool that is hooked onto the main body from above, a positioning hole, a wedge hole provided in the working tool, and a wedge hole provided in the main body. A wedge body that can be inserted into and removed from the body, an operation lever that is provided on the main body and that can be raised and lowered, and that is provided between the operation lever and the wedge body. A linkage mechanism that detaches the wedge body from the wedge hole when raising, a fixed cover provided on the main body that can cover most of the exposed part from the wedge body to the operation lever, and an exposure lever that is provided when the operation lever is prone The feature is that it consists of a movable cover that can cover the rest of the part.

When the operation lever is set to the upright position, the wedge body is detached from the wedge hole via the linkage mechanism to be in the separation position, and the work tool can be detached from the main body.
On the contrary, after the work tool is hooked on the main body from the top and positioned and matched, when the operating lever is set to the prone position, the wedge body is inserted into the wedge hole via the linkage mechanism and becomes the insertion position. On the other hand, a work tool can be attached.
Most of the exposed portion from the wedge body to the operating lever is covered with the fixed cover, and when the operating lever is prone, the remaining exposed portion is covered with the movable cover.
Accordingly, foreign matter does not enter and adhere to the exposed portion from the wedge body to the operation lever, and malfunctions and rusting are prevented.

  The movable cover is formed so as to bulge integrally with the operation lever, and covers the gap between the bulge cover and the fixed cover attached to the operation lever. It is preferable to provide a gap cover. In this way, the bulge cover can be formed at the same time when the operation lever is manufactured, and since the gap cover is provided, entry of foreign matter from the gap between the bulge cover and the fixed cover can be accurately prevented.

According to the present invention, the following excellent effects can be achieved.
(1) Main body, working tool, wedge hole, wedge body, operation lever, linkage mechanism, fixed cover, movable cover, and in particular, a fixed cover that can cover most of the exposed part from the wedge body to the operation lever In addition, the operation lever is provided with a movable cover that can cover the rest of the exposed part when the operation lever is prone to prevent malfunctions and rusting due to foreign matter, and yet the structure is simple and does not cost much. .

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a rear view showing only a left half showing a detached state of the work tool attaching / detaching device of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a side view of FIG. FIG. 3 is a view similar to FIG. FIG. 4 is a side view of FIG. FIG. 5 is a perspective view showing an operation lever, a fixed cover, and a movable cover.

  The work tool attaching / detaching device 1 includes a main body 2, a work tool 3, a wedge hole 4, a wedge body 5, an operation lever 6, a linkage mechanism 7, a fixed cover 8, and a movable cover 9, and the main part thereof is configured as a wheel loader. It is applied to work vehicles such as.

The main body 2 constitutes a basic part of the work tool attaching / detaching device 1, and in this example, the left and right front plates 10, the left and right attachment members 11 attached to the rear sides thereof, and the gap between them. The upper and lower connecting members 12 and the left and right side members 13 attached to the sides of the attachment members 11 are provided.
Each front plate 10 has a substantially L shape with its lower portion bent in a diagonally rearward downward direction. Each mounting member 11 includes left and right brackets 14, upper and lower bosses 15 provided on these brackets, and a substantially L-shaped reinforcing plate 16 interposed between the brackets 14, which are not shown. The tip of the dump cylinder is pivotably connected to the upper boss 15 by a horizontal axis, and the tip of a lift arm (boom) is pivotally connected to the lower boss 15 by a horizontal axis. Is done. As the upper connecting member 12, a channel member having an upper web directed obliquely upward and forward is used. The lower connecting member 12 is a square pipe.
Thus, the upper connecting member 12 of the main body 2 and the left and right front plates 10 form a so-called hooking projection.

The work tool 3 is hooked on the main body 2 from above and is positioned and matched. In this example, the work tool 3 is a bucket and is attached to the rear side and is fitted to the front plate 10 of the main body 2. And an engagement plate 18 provided on the upper portion and capable of engaging with the upper connecting member 12 of the main body 2 from above, and left and right side plates 19 that can be positioned and matched to the side of the upper connecting member 12 of the main body 2. I have.
The rear plate 17 is substantially L-shaped with the lower portion bent obliquely rearward and downward in response to the front plate 10 of the main body 2. The engagement plate 18 is directed obliquely rearward and downward in response to the upper connecting member 12 of the main body 2. Each side plate 19 is provided so as not to interfere with the side member 13 of the main body 2.
Thus, the rear plate 17, the engagement plate 18, and the side plate 19 of the work tool 3 form a so-called hook concave portion that is hooked on the hook convex portion of the main body 2 from above and positioned.

  The wedge hole 4 is provided in the work tool 3. In this example, the wedge hole 4 is drilled through the bent portion below the rear plate 17 vertically.

  The wedge body 5 is provided in the main body 2 and can be inserted into and removed from the wedge hole 4. In this example, the lower half has a wedge shape and can be raised and lowered, and the lower back surface of the front plate 10 of the main body 2. The guide frame 20 is attached to the guide frame 20 so that it can be moved up and down, and is inserted into the wedge hole 4 through a through hole 21 that penetrates the bent portion below the front plate 10 of the main body 2 vertically. I am trying to get it.

The operation lever 6 is provided on the main body 2 and can be lifted. In this example, the operation lever 6 has a substantially L-shaped front, and a corner portion is provided in a front-rear direction on a boss 22 provided in the middle upper part of the front plate 10 of the main body 2. Is pivotally supported by a support shaft (bolt) 23 of the main body 2 and is slidable on the rear surface of the upper connecting member 12 of the main body 2 so as to be able to be lifted.
Thus, between the operation lever 6 and the boss 22, an elastic body (coil spring) 24 that gives an appropriate resistance to the rotation operation of the operation lever 6 is inserted, and the front plate 10 of the main body 2 is inserted. The attachment member 11 is provided with a stopper 25 so as to straddle them, so that the end of the operation lever 6 at the time of proneness fits.

  The linkage mechanism 7 is provided between the operation lever 6 and the wedge body 5 so that the wedge body 5 is inserted into the wedge hole 4 when the operation lever 6 is prone, and the wedge body 5 is inserted into the wedge hole 4 when the operation lever 6 is raised. In this example, the arm 26 attached to the upper portion of the wedge body 5, the through hole 27 drilled in the arm 26, and the support shaft (bolt) in the front-rear direction on the distal end side of the operation lever 6. 28, a screw rod 29 pivotably pivoted by a lower end 28 and having a lower end loosely fitted in the through hole 27, and a nut 30 screwed into the lower side of the screw rod 29 to transmit only the upward movement thereof to the arm 26. And an elastic body (coil spring) 31 that is inserted into the screw rod 29 and elastically transmits the downward movement of the screw rod 29 to the arm 26.

The fixed cover 8 is provided on the main body 2 and can cover most of the exposed portion from the wedge body 5 to the operation lever 6. In this example, the fixed cover 8 is provided across the front plate 10 and the upper and lower connecting members 12. A side plate 32 having a substantially L-shaped side surface, a lower inclined rear plate 33 provided across the attachment member 11, the lower connecting member 12 and the side plate 32 of the main body 2 and having an upper surface, an inclined surface, and a rear surface formed thereon; 2, the upper connecting member 11, the upper connecting member 12, and the upper rear plate 34 provided across the lower inclined rear plate 33.
Thus, the mechanism 7 connected to the upper half of the wedge body 5 occupying most of the exposed portion from the wedge body 5 to the operation lever 6 is the front plate 10 of the main body 2, the attachment material 11, the upper and lower connection materials 12, and the fixed cover. 8 side plate 32, lower inclined rear plate 33, and upper rear plate 34 are covered and accommodated in a space formed by these, upper connecting member 12 of main body 2, side plate 32 of lower cover 8 and lower portion An opening portion surrounded by the inclined rear plate 33 and the upper rear plate 34, and a lower portion surrounded by the front plate 10, the attachment member 11, the lower connecting member 12, and the side plate 32 of the fixed cover 8 are opened. . The upper half of the side plate 32 and the upper rear plate 34 of the fixed cover 8 are flush with the rear surface of the upper connecting member 12 of the main body 2 so that the operation lever 6 can slide and rotate.

The movable cover 9 is provided on the operation lever 6 so as to cover the remaining exposed portion when the operation lever 6 is prone. In this example, the movable cover 9 is formed so as to bulge integrally with the operation lever 6 and the prosthesis of the operation lever 6. A bulge cover 35 that sometimes covers the remaining exposed portion and a gap cover 36 that is attached to the operation lever 6 and covers the gap between the bulge cover 35 and the fixed cover 8 are provided.
The bulging cover 35 covers an opening portion surrounded by the upper connecting member 12 of the main body 2, the side plate 32 of the fixed cover 8, the lower inclined rear plate 33, and the upper rear plate 34. It is made to be located in the space from a notch 37 formed in the upper part of the inclined rear plate 33. The gap cover 36 has a substantially U-shaped cross section and is attached to the bulging cover 35 so as to cover the gap formed between the operation lever 6 and the lower inclined rear plate 33 of the fixed cover 8 from above. It is.

Next, the operation will be described based on such a configuration.
As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, when the operation lever 6 is set to the upright position, the wedge body 5 is moved upward by the arm 26, the through hole 27, the screw rod 29, and the nut 30 of the linkage mechanism 7. The work tool 3 can be detached from the main body 2 by being detached from the wedge hole 4 to be in a separation position.

  On the contrary, as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, after the working tool 3 is hooked from above with respect to the main body 2 and positioned, the operating lever 6 is brought to the prone position, and then the elastic body 31 and the arm of the linkage mechanism 7 are placed. 26, the wedge body 5 is moved downward, the wedge body 5 is inserted into the wedge hole 4, and the working tool 3 can be mounted on the main body 2.

As shown in FIGS. 1 to 4, the mechanism 7 connected to the upper half of the wedge body 5 that occupies most of the exposed portion from the wedge body 5 to the operation lever 6 includes the side plate 32, the lower inclined rear plate 33, and the upper portion of the fixed cover 8. Covered by the rear plate 34.
As shown in FIGS. 3 to 5, when the operation lever 8 is prone, the remaining exposed portion is covered by the bulging cover 35 of the movable cover 9, and the lower inclined rear plate 33 of the fixed cover 8 and the bulging of the movable cover 9 are covered. A gap formed between the outlet cover 35 is covered by the gap cover 36.

  Accordingly, the foreign matter does not enter the space and adhere to the exposed portion from the wedge body 5 to the operation lever 8, thereby preventing malfunction and rusting.

In addition, although the wedge hole 4, the wedge body 5, and the operating lever 6 and the linkage mechanism 7 that form the main part of the work tool attaching / detaching device 1 are provided in a pair on the left and right, the present invention is not limited to this. A structure with a single operation lever 6 as in Japanese Utility Model Laid-Open No. 4-122753 may be used.
In the previous example, the work tool 3 is a bucket, but the work tool 3 is not limited thereto, and may be a fork or the like, for example.
In the previous example, the wedge body 5 moves in the vertical direction. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and the wedge body 5 may move in the left-right direction, for example, as in Japanese Utility Model Laid-Open No. 4-122753.
In the previous example, the linkage mechanism 7 has the elastic body 31 inserted through the screw rod 29, but is not limited thereto, and may be provided at a position different from the screw rod 29, for example.
In the previous example, the fixed cover 8 is composed of the side plate 32, the lower inclined rear plate 33, and the upper rear plate 34, but is not limited thereto, and for example, the shape, number, manufacturing method, and the like can be changed as appropriate.
In the above example, the gap cover 36 of the movable cover 9 is manufactured separately and attached to the bulging cover 35. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and for example, a part of the operation lever 6 or the bulging cover 35 is bent and integrated. It may be formed automatically.

The rear view which shows only the left half which shows the detachment | leave state of the working tool attachment / detachment apparatus of this invention. The side view of FIG. The same figure as FIG. 1 which shows a mounting state. FIG. 4 is a side view of FIG. 3. It is a perspective view which shows an operation lever, a fixed cover, and a movable cover.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Work tool attachment / detachment apparatus, 2 ... Main body, 3 ... Work tool, 4 ... Wedge hole, 5 ... Wedge body, 6 ... Operation lever, 7 ... Linking mechanism, 8 ... Fixed cover, 9 ... Movable cover, 10 ... Front plate DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 11 ... Mounting material, 12 ... Connecting material, 13 ... Side member, 14 ... Bracket, 15 ... Boss, 16 ... Reinforcement plate, 17 ... Rear plate, 18 ... Engagement plate, 19 ... Side plate, 20 ... Guide frame, 21 ... Through hole, 22 ... boss, 23 ... support shaft, 24 ... elastic body, 25 ... stopper, 26 ... arm, 27 ... through hole, 28 ... support shaft, 29 ... screw rod, 30 ... nut, 31 ... elastic body, 32 ... side plate, 33 ... lower inclined rear plate, 34 ... upper rear plate, 35 ... bulging cover, 36 ... gap cover, 37 ... notch.

Claims (1)

A main body, a working tool that is hooked onto the main body from above and positioned, a wedge hole provided in the working tool, a wedge body that is provided in the main body and can be inserted into and removed from the wedge hole, and provided in the main body An operation lever that can be raised and lowered, and a linkage mechanism that is provided between the operation lever and the wedge body, and that inserts the wedge body into the wedge hole when the operation lever is lowered and detaches the wedge body from the wedge hole when the operation lever is raised. A fixed cover that is provided on the main body and can cover most of the exposed part from the wedge body to the operating lever, and a movable cover that is provided on the operating lever and can cover the rest of the exposed part when the operating lever is prone , The movable cover is formed so as to bulge integrally with the operation lever, and can cover a remaining portion of the exposed portion when the operation lever is prone, and a gap between the bulge cover and the fixed cover attached to the operation lever. Cover the gap cover The implement attachment apparatus according to claim Eteiru things.

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