JP4269547B2 - Hypoglycemic agent and method for producing the same - Google Patents

Hypoglycemic agent and method for producing the same Download PDF

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JP4269547B2
JP4269547B2 JP2001219348A JP2001219348A JP4269547B2 JP 4269547 B2 JP4269547 B2 JP 4269547B2 JP 2001219348 A JP2001219348 A JP 2001219348A JP 2001219348 A JP2001219348 A JP 2001219348A JP 4269547 B2 JP4269547 B2 JP 4269547B2
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shimeji
hatake
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hatake shimeji
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JP2003034647A (en
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裕一 卯川
靖 小嶋
俊宏 三浦
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New Oji Paper Co Ltd
Oji Holdings Corp
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Oji Holdings Corp
Oji Paper Co Ltd
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Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、ハラタケ目キシメジ科シメジ属のハタケシメジ(Lyophyllum decastes(Fr.)Sing.)からなる血糖降下作用を有するハタケシメジ抽出物及びその製造方法に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
糖尿病は、慢性高血糖と、それに伴う毛細血管障害に起因して引き起こされる各種合併症(網膜症、神経障害、腎症、免疫不全等)とを総称したもので、現在、わが国における糖尿病患者は600万人にのぼり、治療を受けていなくても糖尿病と疑われる「境界型」の人や潜在的糖尿病などの予備軍を含めると、1000万人〜1200万人に達するといわれている。糖尿病には大別してインスリン依存型の病態を表わすI型糖尿病と、インスリン非依存型の病態を表わすII型糖尿病があるが、特に、II型糖尿病は、糖尿病の90%以上を占める。一般に高血糖状態は中年以降で発見され、高血糖状態が何年も続く場合が多く、一般に食事、運動療法が治療の基礎となる。従って、日常の食事を摂りながらも摂取できるII型糖尿病の治療薬が望まれる。
【0003】
また、わが国では糖尿病治療中の患者の4割強が経口血糖降下薬の投与を受けている。しかしながら、これらの経口血糖降下薬(特にスルホニル尿素剤<SU剤>、ピグアナイド剤、スルホンアミド剤)等は、造血器障害、肝機能障害、胃腸障害などの副作用が多く、医師の指示なしでは服用が難しいのが現状である。従って、長期的な服用を考慮した場合、副作用の面からも安全で安価なII型糖尿病の治療薬が待望される。一方、キノコから抽出される成分の血糖降下作用については、マイタケ、アガリクス茸(ヒメマツタケ)、ヤマブシタケ等で報告されているが、ハタケシメジの抽出物に血糖降下作用があることはこれまでに知られていない。
【0004】
また、人工栽培品の担子菌の場合、培地成分や培養方法によって担子菌中の成分が大きく変わることが知られており、天然物品や栽培方法の違った人工栽培品と同様の生理活性効果が期待できるとは限らない。そして、ハタケシメジの「亀山1号」を種菌とする人工栽培品の抽出物が強い血糖降下作用があることはこれまでに知られていない。
【0005】
一方、ハタケシメジのその他の生理活性については、制癌剤の製造方法として「ハタケシメジ抽出物を活性成分とする免疫賦活剤及び抗腫瘍剤」が特開平11−302191号公報に記載されており、血圧調節剤の製造方法として「血圧調節剤及びその製造方法」が特開2001−131082号公報に記載されており、放射線障害予防剤の製造方法として「放射線障害予防剤及び治療剤ならびにその製造方法」が特願2001−202017号に記載されている。
【0006】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
シメジなどの茸類から制癌剤等の生理活性効果を有する薬剤を製造する方法では、安定した効果を維持することが困難であった。たとえば、天然物品の担子菌と人工栽培品の担子菌とでは、同様の生理活性効果が期待できるとは限らない。また、人工栽培品の担子菌の場合でも、培地成分や培養方法によって担子菌中の成分が大きく変わることが知られている。そのため、栽培方法の違った人工栽培品の担子菌においても同様の生理活性効果が異なる場合がある。このように、茸の種類がたとえ同じでも安定した効果を維持することは極めて困難であった。
【0007】
ハタケシメジの高収穫かつ効率的な人工栽培方法は、王子製紙株式会社森林資源研究所により既に確立されており(特公平5−15404号公報、特許1969534号)、本法を用いてハタケシメジの「亀山1号」を種菌とする人工栽培品を安価に供給できるようになっている。
【0008】
当発明者は、この「亀山1号」を種菌とする人工栽培品を使用することで、
血糖値の上昇を抑制する安定した効果が期待できると研究を進めた結果、このハタケシメジの「亀山1号」を種菌とする人工栽培品の抽出物に、新たにII型糖尿病の発症および血糖値の上昇を抑制する作用を有し、しかも副作用がなく、安全性の高い血糖降下作用に有効な成分を見出した。
【0009】
そこで本発明は、上述の諸事情に鑑み創出されたもので、特に、II型糖尿病の発症および血糖値の上昇を抑制する作用を有し、しかも副作用のなく、安全性の高い血糖降下作用を有するハタケシメジ抽出物及びその製造方法の提供を目的とするものである。
【0010】
【課題を解決するための手段】
上述の目的を達成すべく本発明は、「亀山 1 号」を種菌とする人工栽培品であるハタケシメジの子実体からなる血糖降下剤であって、該子実体の濃縮抽出液が凍結乾燥された成分が次の性質:(1)色と形態:黄褐色の粉末(2)化学成分:糖含量 30 %〜 90 蛋白質含量 5 %〜 15 %(3)溶解性:水溶性を有する抽出物によって達成される。
【0012】
本発明における血糖降剤の製造方法は、「亀山1号」を種菌とする人工栽培品であるハタケシメジの子実体からなる血糖降下剤の製造方法であって、菌糸が栽培容器内に蔓延した時期に、微細粒子からなる鉱物質で栽培容器の開口部を被覆してハタケシメジを栽培し、該ハタケシメジの子実体をイオン交換水と共に抽出釜に入れて加熱抽出し、固液分離後、濃縮抽出液を凍結乾燥して抽出物を得ることにある。
【0014】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下、本発明の実施の形態を詳細に説明すると、本発明血糖降下剤は、ハタケシメジの水抽出物を有効成分とするものである。
【0015】
ハタケシメジ(Lyophyllum decastes(Fr.)Sing.)は、ハラタケ目キシメジ科シメジ属のキノコで、香りマツタケ味シメジと呼ばれ珍重されるホンシメジに最も近縁のキノコであり、ホンシメジと同様に歯ごたえが良く美味である。天然品は、庭先や畑などの比較的身近な場所に株状に発生する(今関六也、本郷次雄:原色日本菌類図鑑(1)、保育社、1987年)。また、免疫賦活作用による抗腫瘍効果が高いこと(卯川ら、J. Biosci. Bioeng. , Vol. 90, 98-104, 2000)や血圧降下作用に関係するACE阻害活性が高いこと(卯川ら、日本食品科学工学会誌, Vol. 48, 58-63, 2001 )が報告されている。しかし、ハタケシメジの水抽出物が血糖降下作用を有することは全く知られていない。
【0016】
ハタケシメジからの抽出は、これらを生のまま、あるいは乾燥して粉砕後、水(熱水を含む)を用いて行われ、必要に応じて有機溶媒と水とが組み合わされて用いられてもよい。有機溶媒としてはメタノール、エタノール、n-ブタノール、酢酸エチル等が用いられる。加熱する場合は、減圧下、常圧下、加圧下のいずれでもよいが、抽出効率は加圧下で高温処理する方がよい。加熱温度は60〜260℃の範囲で実施可能である。抽出処理後のハタケシメジ抽出物は濃縮・乾燥工程を経て0.5%〜100%の抽出エキスとして得られる。抽出エキスの濃縮方法は加熱濃縮法、減圧濃縮法、エタノール沈殿による濃縮方法のいずれでもよい。また、濃縮された抽出エキスの乾燥は、風乾法、加熱乾燥法、噴霧乾燥法、凍結乾燥法のいずれ、あるいはこれらの複数の組み合わせでもよい。
【0017】
本発明で得られるハタケシメジ抽出物は、次の性質を有する。
(イ)色と形態:黄褐色の粉末
(ロ)化学成分:糖含量30%〜90%、蛋白質含量5%〜15%
(ハ)溶解性:水溶性
【0018】
本発明で得られるハタケシメジ抽出物は、極めて毒性が低く、経口投与での急性毒性をICR系雄性および雌性マウスについて調べたところ、3000mg/kg(p.o.)でも死亡例はなかった。
【0019】
本発明で得られるハタケシメジ抽出物は、医薬品、健康食品または食品の形態で提供される。医薬品として用いる場合には、散剤、顆粒、錠剤、糖衣錠、カプセル、液剤などの形で提供され、健康食品として用いられる場合には、前述の散剤、顆粒、錠剤、糖衣錠、カプセル、液剤などの形のうち、医薬品と混同しない前提で使用が許可された形状で提供される。また、食品として用いられる場合には、顆粒(スープ)の他、ガム、キャンディ、ゼリー、錠菓、飲料などの形で提供される。医薬品として用いられる場合には、経口投与、非経口投与、吸入、経直腸投与、局所投与などにより投与される。非経口投与には、皮下注射、静脈内投与、筋肉内投与、鼻孔内投与または注入などが含まれる。用いられる量は、一般に1回当り約0.1〜200mg/kg体重の範囲内であり、通常1日に1〜5回投与される。ただし、正確な用量は、患者の年令、体重、症状、投与経路などを考慮して、前記範囲内から決められる。
【0020】
本発明のハタケシメジ抽出物は、そのまま使用してもよく、また賦形剤あるいはその他の健康食品、医薬品と混合しても良い。混合する場合には、30〜90wt%の割合で混合することが望ましい。
【0021】
【実施例】
実施例1. ハタケシメジの人工栽培:
バーク堆肥(中日本農産(株)社製):米ぬか:カニ殻を絶乾重量比 100:20:4の割合で混合した後、含水率を62%にした培養基を850ml容のポリプロピレン製栽培ビンに620g充填した。ビン内の培養基全体に空気を補給し、菌糸の生育を良好にするためにビン開口部から底部まで直径2cmの大きさの穴をあけ、高圧殺菌釜(120℃、1時間)で殺菌した。培養基の温度を25℃以下に冷却した後クリーンルーム内でハタケシメジ「亀山1号」を植菌した。
【0022】
室温23℃、湿度80%(RH)に調整した室内で50日培養し、培養基に菌糸を充分に蔓延させた。菌掻きを行い、水分を補給した後、前記のバーク堆肥で開口部を1〜2cmの厚さになるように被覆した。さらに、被覆した培養ビンを室温21℃、湿度80%(RH)の室内で7日培養した。次に、菌糸が侵入していない表層部の被覆部を除去し、室温17℃、湿度95%(RH)、照度150ルックスの条件に調整した室内で栽培を継続し、種菌接種後75日の培養で1ビン当り120gの子実体を収穫した。
【0023】
実施例2. ハタケシメジの水抽出物の製造:
前記のように収穫した人工栽培のハタケシメジの子実体500gを抽出釜に入れ5Lのイオン交換水を加え、1時間加熱抽出し、固液分離後、濃縮した。濃縮後抽出液を凍結乾燥することにより抽出エキスを得た。
【0024】
実施例3. II型糖尿病モデルマウスにおける血糖降下試験:
日本エスエルシー株式会社より、自然発症糖尿病マウスKK−Ayの6週令雄を購入し、温度22±1℃、湿度55±5 %の飼育室内で更に1〜2週間予備飼育した後、7〜8週令で検体投与に入った。なお、KK−Ayマウスとは、糖尿病を自然発症することが1962年に報告されたKKマウスに肥満遺伝子Ayを導入したもので、II型糖尿病のモデル動物である。このKK−Ayマウスは、4週令から肥満と高血糖を示し、7〜8週齢で重度な肥満・高血糖を発現することから、糖尿病患者の大多数を占めるII型糖尿病の発症機構の解明の研究に用いられ、特に、抗糖尿病薬のスクリーニングの解明研究に適したモデル動物である。7〜8週齢で高血糖状態であることを確認後、実施例2で示しているハタケシメジ抽出物を100 mg/kgおよび500 mg/kgの割合で胃ゾンデを用いて強制経口投与した。なお、対照群は同量の水道水のみを強制経口投与した。投与前および投与後4,7,10時間後にマウス眼窩より採血し、グルコースC−IIテストワコー (和光純薬工業社製)により血糖値を測定した。さらに、同様に予備飼育後、実施例2で示しているハタケシメジ抽出物を500 mg/kgの割合で3週間連続経口投与し、各週において血糖値を測定した。なお、予備飼育および試験飼育中において、普通固型飼料(船橋農場製F−2飼料)および飲料水は自由摂取させた。得られた結果(N=3〜7)を、次の表1および表2に示した。
【0025】
【表1】

Figure 0004269547
各点は平均値±標準誤差で示している。
*P<0.05、**P<0.01で投与前に対して有意差あり。
♯P<0.05でControlに対して有意差あり。
【0026】
【表2】
Figure 0004269547
各点は平均値±標準誤差で示している。
♯P<0.05でControlに対して有意差あり。
【0027】
表1から、ハタケシメジ抽出物の単回投与実験では、ハタケシメジ抽出物500 mg/kgの投与でControl群に対して、投与7時間後に有意(p<0.05)な血糖値の低下がみられたことがわかる。さらに、表2から、3週間の経口投与実験では、Control群は徐々に血糖値が増加しているのに対し、ハタケシメジ抽出物500 mg/kg投与群では、投与2週目より血糖値の低下を示し、3週目においても持続的な血糖低下作用を示したことがわかる。
【0028】
実施例4. インスリン負荷試験:
実施例3で示したKK−Ayマウスにおけるハタケシメジ抽出物3週間連続投与による血糖降下試験の後、インスリン負荷試験を行った。18時間絶食した後、インスリン0.5 U/kgを皮下投与し、インスリン投与前および投与後30、60、120分に採血し、血糖値を測定した。得られた結果を表3に示した。
【0029】
【表3】
Figure 0004269547
各点は平均値±標準誤差で示している。
*P<0.05で投与前に対して有意差あり。
表3から、投与前の血糖値がハタケシメジ投与群でControl群と比較して低下傾向にあることがうかがえる。これは、3週間、ハタケシメジを投与したことで、マウスの空腹時血糖が通常より低下していることによると考えられる。また、インスリン負荷後30分に血糖値の低下がみられた。さらに、Control群では投与60分後に投与前と比較して有意な低下がみられたが、ハタケシメジ抽出物投与群では、投与前と比較して有意な低下はみられず、30分後の値とほぼ近い値になった。このことから、ハタケシメジ抽出物の投与でインスリン抵抗性が改善されることが示された。
【0030】
【発明の効果】
以上説明したように、本発明のハタケシメジから抽出された血糖降下剤によれば、II型糖尿病を発症した動物に対して、血糖値を低下させて、症状を改善する顕著な効果を発揮する。したがって、特にII型糖尿病に対する予防、改善効果が期待できる。さらに、日常の食事を取りながらも簡単に摂取でき、かつ副作用の面からも安全な糖尿病薬や健康食品が提供される。
【0031】
また、「亀山1号」を種菌とする人工栽培品のハタケシメジを使用することで極めて安定した効果を維持することが可能になった。[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a Hatake shimeji extract having an antihyperglycemic action comprising Lyophyllum decastes (Fr.) Sing., And a method for producing the same.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Diabetes is a collective term for chronic hyperglycemia and various complications (retinopathy, neuropathy, nephropathy, immunodeficiency, etc.) caused by the accompanying capillary disorders, and currently diabetes patients in Japan It is said that the number reaches 6 million to 12 million, including “borderline” people who are suspected of having diabetes even if they are not treated, and reserves such as potential diabetes. Diabetes is broadly classified into type I diabetes, which represents an insulin-dependent pathology, and type II diabetes, which represents a non-insulin-dependent pathology. In particular, type II diabetes accounts for 90% or more of diabetes. In general, a hyperglycemic state is discovered after middle age, and the hyperglycemic state often lasts for many years. In general, diet and exercise therapy are the basis of treatment. Therefore, a therapeutic agent for type II diabetes that can be taken while taking a daily meal is desired.
[0003]
In Japan, more than 40% of patients undergoing treatment for diabetes receive oral hypoglycemic drugs. However, these oral hypoglycemic agents (especially sulfonylurea <SU>, piganaides, sulfonamides) have many side effects such as hematopoietic disorders, liver dysfunction, gastrointestinal disorders, etc. The current situation is difficult. Therefore, when taking long-term use, a safe and inexpensive therapeutic agent for type II diabetes is also expected from the side effect. On the other hand, the hypoglycemic action of components extracted from mushrooms has been reported in maitake, agaricus koji, yamabushitake, etc., but it has been known so far that the extract of Hatake shimeji has a hypoglycemic action. Absent.
[0004]
In addition, in the case of basidiomycetes of artificially cultivated products, it is known that the components in basidiomycetes vary greatly depending on the medium components and culture methods, and the same physiological activity effect as natural products and artificial cultivated products with different cultivation methods. It is not always possible to expect. In addition, it has not been known so far that an artificially grown product extract using Hatake Shimeji's “Kameyama No. 1” as an inoculum has a strong hypoglycemic effect.
[0005]
On the other hand, with regard to other physiological activities of Hatake shimeji, “Immunostimulating agent and antitumor agent containing Hatake shimeji mushroom extract as an active ingredient” is described in JP-A-11-302191 as a method for producing an anticancer agent. Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2001-131082 discloses a “blood pressure regulator and a method for producing the same” as a method for producing a radiation disorder, and “a radiation disorder preventive and therapeutic agent and a method for producing the same” as a method for producing a radiation disorder preventive agent. Application No. 2001-202017.
[0006]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
In the method for producing a drug having a physiologically active effect such as an anticancer drug from moss such as shimeji, it has been difficult to maintain a stable effect. For example, basidiomycetes of natural products and basidiomycetes of artificially cultivated products cannot always be expected to have the same physiological activity. In addition, even in the case of basidiomycetes of artificially cultivated products, it is known that the components in basidiomycetes vary greatly depending on the medium components and the culture method. Therefore, the same physiological activity effect may differ also in the basidiomycete of the artificial cultivation product from which the cultivation method differs. Thus, it was extremely difficult to maintain a stable effect even if the same kind of cocoon was used.
[0007]
A high-yielding and efficient artificial cultivation method for Hatake shimeji has already been established by Oji Paper Co., Ltd., Forest Resource Research Institute (Japanese Patent Publication No. 5-15404, Patent No. 1969534). Artificial cultivated products that use "No. 1" as an inoculum can be supplied at low cost.
[0008]
By using an artificially cultivated product that uses this "Kameyama No. 1" as an inoculum,
As a result of research that can be expected to have a stable effect of suppressing an increase in blood glucose level, an extract of artificially cultivated seeds of Kameyama No. 1 of Hatake Shimeji was newly added to the onset of type II diabetes and blood glucose level. The present inventors have found an ingredient that has an action of suppressing the increase in blood glucose, has no side effects, and is effective for a highly safe hypoglycemic action.
[0009]
Therefore, the present invention was created in view of the above-described circumstances, and in particular, has an action of suppressing the onset of type II diabetes and an increase in blood sugar level, and has a side effect and a highly safe blood sugar lowering action. It is an object of the present invention to provide a Hatake-shimeji mushroom extract and a method for producing the same.
[0010]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention is a hypoglycemic agent comprising a fruit body of Hatake shimeji, which is an artificially cultivated product ofKameyama No. 1 ”, and the concentrated extract of the fruit body is lyophilized. component following properties: (1) color and form: yellow brown powder (2) chemical composition: sugar content of 30% to 90% protein content of 5% to 15% (3) solubility: extract having a water-soluble Achieved by:
[0012]
The method for producing a hypoglycemic agent according to the present invention is a method for producing a hypoglycemic agent comprising a fruit body of Hatake shimeji, which is an artificially cultivated product of “Kameyama No. 1”, and the time when the mycelia spread in the cultivation container In addition, the opening part of the cultivation container is covered with a mineral substance composed of fine particles to cultivate Hatake shimeji mushroom, and the fruit body of the bamboo shimeji mushroom is placed in an extraction kettle together with ion-exchanged water, followed by heat extraction, solid-liquid separation, and concentrated extract. Is to freeze-dry to obtain an extract.
[0014]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, the embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail. The hypoglycemic agent of the present invention comprises a water extract of Hatake shimeji as an active ingredient.
[0015]
Hatake shimeji ( Lyophyllum decastes (Fr.) Sing.) Is a mushroom belonging to the genus Asteraceae, and is the most closely related to the hon-shimeji mushroom, which is called the fragrant matsutake-flavored shimeji. It is delicious. Natural products occur in stocks in relatively familiar places such as gardens and fields (Rokuya Imanoseki, Tsuguo Hongo: Primary Colored Japanese Fungi Encyclopedia (1), Hoikusha, 1987). In addition, it has a high anti-tumor effect due to immunostimulatory action (Yodogawa et al., J. Biosci. Bioeng., Vol. 90, 98-104, 2000) and high ACE inhibitory activity related to blood pressure lowering action (Yodogawa) Et al., Journal of Japanese Society for Food Science and Technology, Vol. 48, 58-63, 2001). However, it is not known at all that the water extract of Hatake Shimeji has a hypoglycemic effect.
[0016]
Extraction from Hatake shimeji is performed raw or after drying and pulverization, using water (including hot water), and a combination of an organic solvent and water may be used as necessary. . As the organic solvent, methanol, ethanol, n-butanol, ethyl acetate or the like is used. In the case of heating, any of reduced pressure, normal pressure, and pressurized may be used, but extraction efficiency is preferably high temperature treatment under pressurized. A heating temperature can be implemented in the range of 60-260 degreeC. Hatake-shimeji mushroom extract after the extraction treatment is obtained as an extract of 0.5% to 100% through a concentration and drying process. The extraction extract may be concentrated by any of the heat concentration method, the vacuum concentration method, and the concentration method by ethanol precipitation. Further, the concentrated extract may be dried by any one of an air drying method, a heat drying method, a spray drying method, a freeze drying method, or a combination thereof.
[0017]
The Hatake shimeji extract obtained by the present invention has the following properties.
(A) Color and form: yellow brown powder (b) Chemical component: sugar content 30% -90%, protein content 5% -15%
(C) Solubility: Water-soluble [0018]
Hatake shimeji mushroom extract obtained in the present invention has extremely low toxicity, and when acute toxicity by oral administration was examined in ICR male and female mice, there was no death even at 3000 mg / kg (po).
[0019]
The Hatake shimeji mushroom extract obtained in the present invention is provided in the form of a pharmaceutical, health food or food. When used as pharmaceuticals, it is provided in the form of powders, granules, tablets, dragees, capsules, liquids, etc., and when used as health food, it is in the form of powders, granules, tablets, dragees, capsules, liquids, etc. Among them, it is provided in a shape that is allowed to be used on the premise that it is not confused with pharmaceutical products. Further, when used as food, in addition to granules (soup), it is provided in the form of gum, candy, jelly, tablet confectionery, beverage and the like. When used as a pharmaceutical, it is administered by oral administration, parenteral administration, inhalation, rectal administration, topical administration, and the like. Parenteral administration includes subcutaneous injection, intravenous administration, intramuscular administration, intranasal administration or infusion. The amount used is generally in the range of about 0.1 to 200 mg / kg body weight per dose and is usually administered 1 to 5 times per day. However, the exact dose is determined from the above range in consideration of the patient's age, weight, symptoms, route of administration and the like.
[0020]
The Hatake shimeji extract of the present invention may be used as it is, or may be mixed with excipients or other health foods and pharmaceuticals. When mixing, it is desirable to mix in the ratio of 30-90 wt%.
[0021]
【Example】
Example 1. Artificial cultivation of Hatake Shimeji:
Bark compost (manufactured by Central Japan Agricultural Products Co., Ltd.): Rice bran: Crab shells are mixed in an absolutely dry weight ratio of 100: 20: 4, and then a culture medium with a moisture content of 62% is made into a 850 ml polypropylene cultivation bottle. Was charged with 620 g. Air was supplied to the entire culture medium in the bottle, and a hole with a diameter of 2 cm was made from the bottle opening to the bottom in order to improve mycelial growth, and sterilized in a high-pressure sterilizer (120 ° C., 1 hour). After cooling the temperature of the culture medium to 25 ° C. or less, Hatake-shimeji “Kameyama No. 1” was inoculated in a clean room.
[0022]
The cells were cultured for 50 days in a room adjusted to a room temperature of 23 ° C. and a humidity of 80% (RH), and the mycelium was sufficiently spread to the culture medium. After the bacteria were scraped and replenished with water, the opening was covered with the bark compost so as to have a thickness of 1 to 2 cm. Further, the coated culture bottle was cultured for 7 days in a room with a room temperature of 21 ° C. and a humidity of 80% (RH). Next, the covering part of the surface layer part into which the mycelium has not invaded is removed, and the cultivation is continued in a room adjusted to conditions of room temperature of 17 ° C., humidity of 95% (RH), and illuminance of 150 lux. In culture, 120 g fruit bodies per bottle were harvested.
[0023]
Example 2. Production of a water extract of Hatake Shimeji:
500 g of fruit bodies of artificially grown Hatake Shimeji harvested as described above were placed in an extraction kettle, 5 L of ion exchanged water was added, the mixture was extracted by heating for 1 hour, solid-liquid separated, and concentrated. After concentration, the extract was freeze-dried to obtain an extract.
[0024]
Example 3. Hypoglycemic test in a type II diabetes model mouse:
After purchasing a 6-week-old male KK-A y spontaneously diabetic mouse from Nippon SLC Co., Ltd. and preliminarily rearing it in a breeding room at a temperature of 22 ± 1 ° C and a humidity of 55 ± 5%, 7 Specimen administration began at -8 weeks of age. The KK-A y mouse is a model animal of type II diabetes, in which an obesity gene A y is introduced into a KK mouse reported in 1962 to spontaneously develop diabetes. Since this KK-A y mouse exhibits obesity and hyperglycemia from 4 weeks of age, and develops severe obesity and hyperglycemia at 7-8 weeks of age, the onset mechanism of type II diabetes accounting for the majority of diabetic patients It is a model animal suitable for research on elucidation of screening for antidiabetic drugs. After confirming a hyperglycemic state at 7 to 8 weeks of age, the Hatake shimeji mushroom extract shown in Example 2 was forcibly orally administered using a stomach tube at a rate of 100 mg / kg and 500 mg / kg. In the control group, only the same amount of tap water was orally administered by gavage. Blood was collected from the orbit of the mouse before administration and 4, 7, and 10 hours after administration, and the blood glucose level was measured with a glucose C-II test Wako (manufactured by Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.). Similarly, after preliminary breeding, the Hatake shimeji mushroom extract shown in Example 2 was orally administered continuously at a rate of 500 mg / kg for 3 weeks, and the blood glucose level was measured in each week. In addition, during the preliminary breeding and the test breeding, normal solid feed (F-2 feed manufactured by Funabashi Farm) and drinking water were ad libitum. The obtained results (N = 3 to 7) are shown in the following Tables 1 and 2.
[0025]
[Table 1]
Figure 0004269547
Each point is shown as an average value ± standard error.
* P <0.05, ** P <0.01, which is significantly different from that before administration.
#P <0.05 and significantly different from Control.
[0026]
[Table 2]
Figure 0004269547
Each point is shown as an average value ± standard error.
#P <0.05 and significantly different from Control.
[0027]
From Table 1, in the single-dose experiment of Hatake-shimeji mushroom extract, administration of 500 mg / kg of Hatake-shimeji mushroom extract showed a significant (p <0.05) decrease in blood glucose level 7 hours after administration compared to the Control group. I understand. In addition, from Table 2, in the 3-week oral administration experiment, the blood glucose level gradually increased in the Control group, whereas in the Hatake-shimeji mushroom extract 500 mg / kg group, the blood glucose level decreased from the second week of administration. It can be seen that even in the third week, it showed a continuous hypoglycemic effect.
[0028]
Example 4. Insulin tolerance test:
After the hypoglycemic test by continuous administration of Hatake shimeji mushroom extract for 3 weeks in the KK-A y mice shown in Example 3, an insulin tolerance test was performed. After fasting for 18 hours, 0.5 U / kg of insulin was subcutaneously administered, blood was collected before and after insulin administration at 30, 60 and 120 minutes, and blood glucose level was measured. The obtained results are shown in Table 3.
[0029]
[Table 3]
Figure 0004269547
Each point is shown as an average value ± standard error.
* P <0.05 significantly different from before administration.
From Table 3, it can be seen that the blood glucose level before administration tends to decrease in the Hatake Shimeji administration group compared to the Control group. This is thought to be due to the fact that fasting blood glucose in mice is lower than usual after administration of Hatake Shimeji for 3 weeks. In addition, the blood glucose level decreased 30 minutes after the insulin load. Furthermore, in the Control group, a significant decrease was observed 60 minutes after administration, but in the Hatake shimeji mushroom extract administration group, no significant decrease was observed compared to before administration, and the value after 30 minutes. It was almost close to the value. From this, it was shown that insulin resistance is improved by administration of Hatake shimeji mushroom extract.
[0030]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the hypoglycemic agent extracted from Hatake shimeji of the present invention, a remarkable effect of reducing the blood glucose level and improving the symptom is exerted on an animal that has developed type II diabetes. Therefore, the prevention and improvement effect can be expected especially for type II diabetes. Furthermore, diabetic drugs and health foods that can be easily consumed while taking a daily meal and are safe from the side effects are also provided.
[0031]
Moreover, it became possible to maintain an extremely stable effect by using an artificially cultivated hatake shimeji mushroom with “Kameyama No. 1” as an inoculum.

Claims (2)

亀山 1 号」を種菌とする人工栽培品であるハタケシメジの子実体からなる血糖降下剤であって、該子実体の濃縮抽出液が凍結乾燥された成分が次の性質
(1)色と形態:黄褐色の粉末
(2)化学成分:糖含量30%〜90%、蛋白質含量5%〜15%
(3)溶解性:水溶性
を有する抽出物であることを特徴とする血糖降下
An antihyperglycemic agent comprising a fruit body of Hatake shimeji, which is an artificially cultivated product ofKameyama No. 1 ”, and a component obtained by freeze-drying the concentrated extract of the fruit body has the following properties :
(1) Color and form: yellowish brown powder (2) Chemical composition: sugar content 30% -90%, protein content 5% -15%
(3) Solubility: Water-soluble
An antihyperglycemic agent characterized by being an extract having
「亀山1号」を種菌とする人工栽培品であるハタケシメジの子実体からなる血糖降下剤の製造方法であって、菌糸が栽培容器内に蔓延した時期に、微細粒子からなる鉱物質で栽培容器の開口部を被覆してハタケシメジを栽培し、該ハタケシメジの子実体をイオン交換水と共に抽出釜に入れて加熱抽出し、固液分離後、濃縮抽出液を凍結乾燥して抽出物を得ることを特徴とする血糖降下の製造方法。A method for producing a hypoglycemic agent consisting of fruit bodies of Hatake Shimeji, an artificially grown product that uses Kameyama No. 1 as an inoculum, and a mineral container made of fine particles when the mycelium spreads in the container. To cultivate Hatake shimeji mushroom with covering the opening of, and put the fruit body of the bamboo shimeji in an extraction kettle with ion-exchanged water, extract by heating, solid-liquid separation, freeze-dried the concentrated extract to obtain an extract A method for producing a hypoglycemic agent .
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