JP4264089B2 - Ultra miniaturization equipment - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to an ultrafine device that makes a flaky organic substance contained in a fluid ultrafine and melts it in a fluid.

  Waste from the livestock industry, food processing industry, general households, hotels, and restaurants contains a large amount of organic matter, and since they are prone to spoilage, only some of them are biodegradable as fertilizers. The part is incinerated. A large amount of sludge is also discharged from sewage treatment plants such as human waste treatment, and most of them are also incinerated after dehydration. However, most of them are wet or wet, and incineration of them is very expensive and uneconomical.

  Therefore, in recent years, a technique has been developed in which such an organic substance is refined and melted in water, and then biodegraded in an aeration tank to disappear. One such conventional miniaturization apparatus is disclosed in Patent Document 1 below. In this case, a water injection nozzle is arranged at one end of the box-shaped container toward the inside of the container, air is taken into the water jet, actively creates cavitation bubbles, and is discharged from the opening at the opposite end. In this type, organic cells are destroyed by cavitation flow, and gas-liquid separation is performed.

  An example of another reactor using cavitation is disclosed in Patent Document 2 below, and a target plate having a high-pressure water jet nozzle and a concave surface facing the nozzle in water in a water area such as a pond. The high-speed water jet accompanied by cavitation is generated in a self-circulating manner between the nozzle and the target, and the organic matter in the water is decomposed by cavitation, so that the stored water can be purified over a long period of time. To do.

In addition, Patent Document 3 below discloses a pulverizing apparatus that uses cavitation and a shearing action between curved laminar flows. This is a cylindrical container having two or more layers of concentric cylindrical walls and an annular channel between adjacent cylindrical walls, and pressurized water is injected into the annular channel in the tangential direction, and the circumferential direction It has a water jetting device that creates a high-speed water flow, and a supply nozzle that is arranged on any one of the adjacent cylindrical walls to supply the organic particle-containing slurry into the high-speed water flow. Cavitation and high shear in the high-speed water flow The organic particles are sheared and atomized by the action. The supply nozzle is formed by a saddle slot penetrating the cylindrical wall.
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 11-319819 JP 2001-017988 A JP-A-2005-161222

  The device of the above-mentioned patent document 1 destroys ultra-fine particles of relatively soft organic matter such as bacterial cells using the destructive force of a high-speed fluid. There was no sustainability of destructive power, and the destructive efficiency was low with respect to the plant tissue in the waste and the fiber tissue including the hard part of the animal and the large lump, and the practicality was poor. In particular, these plant fibers and lumps could not be efficiently supplied into the jet stream. In addition, when processing waste containing fat components, the fat content is separated, suspended in water and deposited on a filter, etc., often clogging the device, making it difficult to operate continuously for a long period of time. It was.

  The device of the above-mentioned Patent Document 2 mainly depends on the destructive power of cavitation, and even if it is suitable for purifying water stored in a pond or the like over a long period of time, the sewage supplied from the next to the next It is not suitable for refining organic materials such as in a relatively short time.

  The apparatus of the above-mentioned Patent Document 3 shears organic matter mainly by a high shearing action between the fluid layer attached to the cylindrical wall surface and the high-speed fluid layer, and also pulverizes by the cavitation destructive force generated by the separation by the high-speed flow. However, it is difficult to maintain the high speed fluid due to the resistance of the saddle slot and the like, and it has been necessary to repeatedly pressurize the fluid to be treated with a pump and pass it through the apparatus.

  In view of the above-mentioned problems of the prior art, the present invention can generate more powerful and large-scale cavitation, and can stably operate without maintenance for a long period of time. It is an object of the present invention to provide an ultrafine device capable of melting organic materials continuously and in a relatively short time, efficiently and finely melting them in a fluid.

The ultrafine device of the present invention is a device for injecting a high-speed swirling jet into a fluid tank holding a fluid containing organic matter, and making the organic matter in the fluid ultrafine by impact force and melting it in the fluid. A small-diameter outlet that is opened in the peripheral surface of the main body of the device and injects the high-speed swirling jet;
An internal cavity having a circular portion at least partially tapered from a large diameter cavity in the body of the device toward the small diameter outlet;
A supply formed on the peripheral surface of the main body of the apparatus for supplying a fluid having a pressure of preferably 5 kg / cm ² or more from the tangential direction in the circular portion to the internal cavity to generate a high-speed swirling flow in the internal cavity. And having a mouth.

  The device main body is formed in a substantially cylindrical shape or a spindle shape, and is disposed between both side casings having the outlets formed on both end surfaces, and both side casings, and forms a supply port on the inner peripheral surface of the large-diameter inner cavity portion. And a central casing.

  The inner cavity portion has a circular peripheral inner surface, and includes a central inner cavity portion of a central casing having the supply port, and a side tapered inner cavity portion having the outlet.

  Each of the both end faces has a circular hole with an edge that increases in diameter toward the outside, and the center line of the circular hole is aligned with the center line of the outlet and does not cover the circular hole. A plurality of thin nozzle disks stacked through a spacing disk with holes is attached.

  The both end faces have circular holes with edges each having a diameter increasing toward the outside, and the center line of the circular hole is shifted from the center line of the outlet by less than the radius of the circular hole. A plurality of thin nozzle discs stacked through a spacing disc having large holes that do not cover is attached.

  Bubbles are mixed in the pressure fluid supplied from the tangential direction at the circular portion of the internal cavity.

The plurality of apparatuses are connected to a plurality of branch pipes from a supply main pipe that supplies a fluid having a pressure of 5 kg / cm ² or more at the supply port.

As an effect of the present invention, the ultrafine device of the present invention tapers from a large-diameter cavity inside the main body toward a small-diameter outlet, and at least partially forms an internal cavity with a circular portion. By supplying a fluid having a pressure of 5 to 200 kg / cm ² from the tangential direction in the circular portion from the supply port, a high-speed swirling flow that increases in speed while being compressed toward the outlet is generated. When this compressed and accelerated high-speed swirling flow is injected from the outlet into the fluid tank holding the fluid, it is more powerful due to sudden expansion and large-scale cavitation with a long reach by high-speed swirling action. Can be generated. Also, the impact force caused by the high-speed collision with the almost stationary fluid in the fluid tank, and the powerful and large-scale cavitation action in the fluid in the fluid tank (the large amount accompanying the bubble destruction in the phase change foaming phenomenon from liquid to gas) The flaky and particulate organic matter is refined to the micron level by impact force. When a high-speed swirling flow is generated in the internal cavity, a negative pressure is generated at the central portion, and suction is sucked back through the negative pressure central portion of the high-speed swirling flow ejected from the outlet toward the central portion of the negative pressure. It is presumed that a reverse flow is generated and collides with the jetting high-speed swirling flow to cause extremely strong vibration and cavitation at the center of the high-speed swirling flow. In the sludge, when micronized to the micron level, the cell membrane of the dead cells forming the sludge is destroyed and the cytoplasm is easily melted in the fluid. In that case, only a pressure fluid generating means such as a pump is used as an operating component, and stable continuous operation is possible with little maintenance over a long period of time. Since there are no small gaps where clogging is possible even if the organic substance is a fatty animal substance, continuous and efficient ultrafine processing is possible, and solubilization is promoted as a result. Like organic materials, various inorganic materials are also refined to reduce equipment wear and reduce the amount of precipitates.

When a processed fluid containing organic matter that has been ultra-fine and greatly expanded in specific surface area is supplied to an aeration tank or the like, such organic matter is quickly consumed by various protists and bacteria such as fermentation bacteria. Biodegraded. For example, if a spherical organic substance having a radius of 1 mm has a specific surface area of only 0.00120 m ² / g, but is refined into a spherical shape having a radius of 0.0001 mm, the specific surface area is 12.0 m ² / g. As many as 10,000 times the number of bacteria that inhabit the tanks can adhere to the surface, so that organic matter can be removed and useful bacteria can be cultured in large quantities efficiently. Will be able to.

  The main body of the device is substantially cylindrical or spindle-shaped, with both side casings having the outlets formed on both end surfaces thereof, and the center having the supply port formed on the inner peripheral surface of the large-diameter inner cavity portion. If it comprises a part casing, it will become possible to generate the high-speed swirling flow which goes to two both sides simultaneously by supply of the pressure fluid from one central part. In addition, when the inner cavity portion is constituted by a central inner cavity portion of a central casing having a circular peripheral inner surface and the supply port, and a side tapered inner cavity portion having the outlet, High-speed swirling flow can be efficiently accelerated and compressed along the circular inner peripheral surface, and even more powerful and large-scale cavitation can be generated when exiting the fluid tank. .

  Both end faces of the apparatus body have circular holes with edges each having a diameter increasing toward the outside, and the center line of the circular hole is aligned with the center line of the outlet and does not cover the circular hole When attaching a plurality of thin nozzle disks stacked via spacing disks with sized holes, the nozzle disks are made to oscillate at a high frequency by exiting the outlet and partially expanding the high-speed swirling flow in each circular hole. Cavitation caused by ultrasonic vibration can be additionally generated, and the mechanical destruction action by the sharp edge of each circular hole that vibrates ultrasonically can be utilized for ultrafineness. In that case, when the organic material to be processed is mixed with the pressure fluid to be supplied, it is particularly effective for ultra-miniaturization. Moreover, even if the edge is eroded by cavitation, the sharp rough surface formed one after another exhibits the same effect as the edge.

  Both end faces of the apparatus main body have circular holes with edges each having a diameter increasing toward the outside, and the center line of the circular hole is shifted from the center line of the outlet by less than the radius of the circular hole. When a plurality of thin nozzle discs stacked through gap discs with a size that does not cover the holes are attached, the nozzle circles due to partial expansion of the high-speed swirling flow at the exit and each circular hole The plate can be vibrated at a high frequency to further generate cavitation due to ultrasonic vibration, and the mechanical destruction action by the ultrasonic vibration edge of each circular hole can be utilized for ultrafineness. In that case, when the organic material to be processed is mixed with the pressure fluid to be supplied, it is particularly effective for ultra-miniaturization. Moreover, even if the edge is eroded by cavitation, the sharp rough surface formed one after another exhibits the same effect as the edge. When each nozzle disk resonates and emits a high sound, the center of the circular hole of each nozzle disk can be slightly shifted from each other to prevent the resonance sound from interfering.

  If air bubbles are mixed into the internal cavity by using an ejector or the like to the pressure fluid supplied from the tangential direction in the circular portion, bubbles will be generated if fermenting bacteria or various bacteria are mixed in the supplied pressure fluid in advance. Becomes a cushion and has a high survival rate, and also provides good results against aerobic bacteria living in the fluid tank to which the pressurized fluid is injected. Compared with the bubble supply by the conventional roots blower, a lot of oxygen can be dissolved in the fluid with a compact and low electric consumption.

A plurality of the present apparatuses are connected in a tuft shape at the supply port to a plurality of branch pipes from a supply main pipe that supplies a fluid having a pressure of 5 kg / cm ² or more. By disposing in the section, it is possible to inject a high-speed swirling flow with respect to the fluid in the tank, and to make the organic matter in the fluid ultrafine in a very short time.

A typical ultrafine device 1 of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. This ultrafine device 1 is used to refine organic matter such as flakes and particulate sludge contained in treated water such as sewage to a level of several microns and melt it in the treated water. Often used as a device for promoting biodegradation, a high-speed swirling jet is jetted into a fluid tank holding a fluid containing organic matter, and the organic matter in the fluid is made ultrafine by impact force and fluid Melt in. The ultrafine device 1 has a small-diameter circular shape that is opened at the end surfaces 11a and 11a of the side casings 11A and 11A of the device body 10 supported by a pair of left and right stands S so as to inject a high-speed swirling jet F3 to the left and right. On the peripheral surface of the central casing 11B provided between the outlets 11b and 11b and the side casings 11A and 11A, a fluid F1 having a pressure of about 7 kg / cm ² from the tangential direction in the large-diameter circular inner cavity portion 12b. It includes a supply port 12c formed to supply and generate a high-speed swirling flow F2 in the internal cavity portion 12b, and a large-diameter circular central internal cavity portion 12b of the central casing 11B. An inner cavity portion 12 composed of circular inner cavity portions 12a and 12a that are tapered in a funnel shape toward the small-diameter outlets 11b and 11b; The nozzles 13 are attached to the end surfaces 11a and 11a of the 1A and 11A and connected to the outlets 11b.

The apparatus main body 10 has a substantially horizontal columnar shape, and is configured by connecting both side casings 11A and 11A to a ring-shaped central casing 11B with four bolts B at their flanges. Their joint surfaces are each sealed by an O-ring R. The ratio of the large diameter of the inner cavity portion 12b of the central casing 11B to the small diameter of the outlet 11b of the side casings 11A and 11A is set to about 4: 1, for example, and the taper angle, that is, the taper of the side casings 11A and 11A. The angle α is set to 30 degrees, for example. Accordingly, when a fluid with a pressure of 7 kg / cm ² is supplied from the supply pipe P connected to the supply port 12c from the tangential direction to the large-diameter circular central inner cavity portion 12b of the central casing 12B, the left and right side casings The high-speed swirling flow F2 flows into the tapered cone-shaped internal cavities 12a and 12a of 11A and 11A, and the pressure is gradually increased toward the outlets 11b and 11b. The high-speed swirling flow F3 of the jet that has become higher than the supply pressure generates a large-scale cavitation along a longer outflow path by a spiral action than a normal jet, with a larger impact force and vibration, and generates organic matter. Effectively pulverized and micronized to micron level. However, if bubbles are mixed into the supply pressure fluid F1 using an ejector or the like, if the fermentation fluid and various bacteria are mixed in the pressure fluid in advance, the bubbles become cushions and the survival rate is increased. Good results will also be achieved against aerobic bacteria that inhabit the fluid reservoir in which the pressure fluid is injected. The high-speed swirling flow F2 in the internal cavity portion 12 generates a high-speed swirling jet F3 that generates strong cavitation in the fluid in the tank, and generates a negative pressure at the center thereof to generate a back-flow backflow from the outlet 11b. Therefore, vibration effective for miniaturization also occurs due to local interference with the jet flow.

  In this representative embodiment, the nozzles 13 and 13 are further attached to the end faces 11a and 11a of the side casings 11A and 11A by two bolts b, respectively. Each nozzle 13 includes four nozzle disks 13A, 13B, 13C, and 13D, and interval disks 14A, 14B, 14C, 14D, and 14E that are stacked with these nozzle disks interposed therebetween. The nozzle disks 13A, 13B, 13C, and 13D have circular holes 13a, 13b, 13c, and 13d with edges that gradually increase in diameter from the outlet 11b side toward the outside, and the center line of the circular holes is It is aligned with the center line of the outlet 11b. The interval disks 14A, 14B, 14C, 14D, and 14E have large holes 14a, 14b, 14c, 14d, and 14e that do not cover the circular holes 13a, 13b, 13c, and 13d. Accordingly, the high-speed swirling flow F3 ejected from the outlet 11b and gradually expanding partially exits the nozzle 11 due to repeated suction backflow due to the negative pressure at the center at the circular holes 13a, 13b, 13c, and 13d. The plates 13A, 13B, and 13C can be vibrated at high frequency to further generate cavitation by ultrasonic vibration, and the mechanical destruction action by the sharp edge of each circular hole that is ultrasonically vibrated can be utilized for ultrafineness. . In that case, when the organic material to be processed is mixed with the pressure fluid F1 to be supplied, it is particularly effective for the ultrafine processing, and the ultrafine processing is performed down to the level of several microns. Further, even if the edge of the circular hole is eroded by cavitation, the sharp rough surface formed one after another exhibits the same effect as the edge. When each nozzle disk 13A, 13B, 13C, 13D resonates and emits a high sound, the center of the circular holes 13a, 13b, 13c, 13d of each nozzle disk is slightly shifted from each other to prevent the resonance sound from interfering. You can also. It goes without saying that an ultra-miniaturization apparatus that omits the nozzle 13 can also be used for ultra-miniaturization.

  As shown in FIG. 5, the inner cavity portion 11a ′ of each side casing 11A ′ can have a conical shape or a dome shape with a circular surface (in a longitudinal section) to form a peripheral surface. The pressure of the high-speed swirling flow suddenly increases toward 11b, a stronger high-speed swirling flow can be ejected, and stronger cavitation can be applied to the organic matter in the fluid.

As shown in FIG. 6, in the fluid tank 4 holding the fluid F to be treated, a plurality of, for example, three sets of the apparatus 1 according to the amount of the fluid F to be treated are supplied from the pressure fluid supply main pipe 5. It is connected to the branch pipe 6 of each book at each supply port, and ultrafine refinement of a large amount of organic matter of the fluid F to be processed can be performed in a short time.
In addition to the above-described representative embodiment, one provided with one side casing having one outlet for jetting a high-speed swirling flow only from one side is also used as appropriate.

As an embodiment (test embodiment) of the ultrafine device 1 of the present invention, the inner cavity portion 12b of the central casing 11B is configured with a diameter of 70 mm and a depth of 45 mm, and the frustoconical shape of the side casing 11A. The inner cavity portion 12a is configured with a depth of 97 mm with a taper angle of 30 degrees from a large diameter of 70 mm to a small diameter of 18 mm of the outlet 11b. The nozzle 13 includes a circular hole having a diameter of 18 mm, a spacing disk 14A having a thickness of 3 mm, and a vibration having a circular hole having a diameter of 6 mm and a thickness of 0.5 mm, which are sequentially arranged from the outlet side toward the outside. Nozzle disk 13A, a circular hole having a diameter of 30 mm, a spacing disk 14B having a thickness of 5 mm, a circular nozzle having a diameter of 7 mm, a vibrating nozzle disk 13B having a thickness of 0.5 mm, and a diameter of 20 mm An interval disk 14C having a circular hole and a thickness of 7 mm, a circular hole having a diameter of 8 mm, a vibrating nozzle disk 13C having a thickness of 0.5 mm, a circular hole having a diameter of 35 mm and a thickness of 9 mm. A disc 9D having a diameter of 9 mm, a vibrating nozzle disc 13D having a thickness of 0.5 mm, a disc having a diameter of 20 mm, and a spacing disc 14E having a thickness of 3 mm. It is configured. When the fluid was circulated and supplied to the ultrafine device 1 three times at a supply pressure of 7 kg / cm ² , it was confirmed by microscopic observation that almost 100% of the organic matter was ultrafine from 4 to 6 microns. Thus, it can be seen that the number of circulations can be reduced by two times or more as compared with the conventional ultrafine device. When the organic matter is a microorganism, most of those having a size of 3 microns or less survive, and when the biodegradation process is performed in an aeration tank after this ultrafine processing, it becomes a bait for a relatively large microorganism of 4 to 6 microns.

  As an application example of the present invention, in addition to biodegradation of sludge from human waste treatment plants, biodegradation of a large amount of organic matter discarded from livestock industry, food processing industry, general households, hotels, restaurants, etc. It is used for ultrafine organic matter.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. The end view of the ultra-miniaturization apparatus. Sectional drawing along the III-III line in FIG. The longitudinal cross-sectional view of the nozzle of the same ultrafine apparatus. The longitudinal cross-sectional view of the structural member which showed the modification of the taper internal cavity part of the ultrafine-fabrication apparatus which concerns on this invention. The top view which showed arrangement | positioning in the fluid tank of the several ultrafine-fabrication apparatus which concerns on this invention.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Super refinement | miniaturization device 4 Fluid tank 5 Supply main pipe 6 Branch pipe 10 Main body (casing)
11A Side casing 11B Central casing 11a End surface 11b Outlet 12 Internal cavity 12a Side tapered internal cavity 12b Central internal cavity 13 Nozzle 13A to 13D Nozzle disc 13a to 13d Circular holes 14A to 14d with nozzle disc edge 14D Spacing disk 14a to 14d Spacing disk hole F Fluid F1 Supply pressure fluid F2 High-speed swirling flow in the internal cavity F3 High-speed swirling flow injected

Claims (7)

An apparatus for jetting a high-speed swirling jet into a fluid tank holding a fluid containing organic matter to make the organic matter in the fluid ultrafine by impact force and melt it in the fluid,
A small-diameter outlet that is opened in the peripheral surface of the main body of the apparatus and injects the high-speed swirling jet;
An internal cavity having a circular portion at least partially tapered from a large diameter cavity in the body of the device toward the small diameter outlet;
A supply port formed in the peripheral surface of the apparatus main body for supplying a pressure fluid from a tangential direction in the circular portion to generate a high-speed swirling flow in the internal cavity. An ultra-miniaturization apparatus characterized by that.   The apparatus main body has a substantially cylindrical shape or a spindle shape, and is disposed between both side casings having the outlets formed on both end faces, and both side casings, and a supply port is provided on the inner peripheral surface of the large-diameter internal cavity. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the apparatus comprises a central casing formed with a central casing.   The internal cavity portion has a circular inner peripheral surface, and is configured by a central internal cavity portion of a central casing having the supply port and a side tapered internal cavity portion having the outlet. Item 3. The apparatus according to Item 1 or 2.   Each of the both end faces has a circular hole with an edge that increases in diameter toward the outside, and the center line of the circular hole is aligned with the center line of the outlet and does not cover the circular hole. 4. An apparatus according to claim 3, wherein a plurality of thin nozzle disks are attached via a spacing disk having a hole.   The both end faces have circular holes with edges each having a diameter increasing toward the outside, and the center line of the circular hole is shifted from the center line of the outlet by less than the radius of the circular hole. 4. The apparatus according to claim 3, wherein a plurality of thin nozzle disks are attached via a gap disk having a hole having a size that does not cover.   The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein bubbles are mixed in the pressure fluid supplied from the tangential direction at the circular portion of the internal cavity. 2. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of the apparatuses are connected to a plurality of branch pipes from a supply main pipe supplying a fluid having a pressure of 5 kg / cm ² or more at the supply port.

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