JP4263590B2 - Processing nozzle and processing nozzle desorption mechanism and method of thermal cutting machine - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a processing nozzle and a processing nozzle attaching / detaching mechanism of a thermal cutting processing machine, and a method thereof, and more particularly, to a device that can be attached to and detached from a processing head simply by moving the processing nozzle linearly.

Conventionally, as a nozzle that is attached to and attached to the distal end side of a thermal cutting head (for example, a laser processing head), a nozzle having a configuration using a screw provided on the proximal end side of this nozzle and a nozzle attaching / detaching mechanism are known. (For example, refer to Patent Document 1).
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 06-23580

  By the way, in the conventional nozzle and the nozzle attaching / detaching mechanism, the nozzle is screwed and attached to the head. Therefore, the nozzle must be rotated when the attachment is performed, and the attachment of the nozzle to the head is complicated. There is a problem.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and when a nozzle is mounted on the head of a thermal cutting machine, the processing nozzle and the processing nozzle attaching / detaching mechanism of the thermal cutting machine that can be easily mounted. And its method.

The present invention has been made in view of the above-described problems. In the processing nozzle detaching mechanism for detaching the processing nozzle attached to the processing head on the tip end side of the processing head of the thermal cutting machine, A nozzle guide means for guiding the machining nozzle when the machining nozzle is attached to and removed from a tip of the machining head; and a machining nozzle guided by the nozzle guide means and moved to a predetermined position when the machining nozzle is mounted. A processing nozzle fixing means for automatically fixing; a processing nozzle releasing means for removing the mounted and fixed processing nozzle from the processing head; and the nozzle guide means is provided on the base end side of the processing nozzle A hand for guiding the processing nozzle by engaging and sliding an engaging portion and an engaged portion provided on the tip end side of the processing head. The nozzle fixing means includes a first urging means for urging the machining nozzle in a direction in which the machining nozzle is separated from the machining head, a nozzle locking portion provided on the machining nozzle, A nozzle locking portion that can be engaged with the nozzle locking portion, a second urging means that can urge the nozzle locking member, and a fixing means that uses the assist gas pressure used by the laser processing machine. The nozzle releasing means is a releasing means that eliminates the urging force of the second urging means and uses the pressure generated by stopping the supply of assist gas and introducing compressed air from the outside .

According to a second aspect of the invention, the processing nozzle desorption mechanism of claim 1, the engagement portion of the processing nozzle guide means is an inner wall of the cylindrical body provided at the base end portion side of the machining nozzle The engaged portion of the machining nozzle guide means is an outer wall of a cylindrical side surface of a head tip inner member provided on the innermost side on the tip end side of the machining head, and the first biasing of the machining nozzle fixing means The means includes a cylindrical collar member and a compression spring, and the processing nozzle fixing portion of the processing nozzle fixing means is provided on an outer wall of a cylindrical body provided at a base end portion of the processing nozzle. The processing nozzle locking member of the processing nozzle fixing means is a spherical member, and is provided at a substantially equal distribution position on the circumference of the head end intermediate member in contact with the outside of the processing nozzle cylinder. Provided in a plurality of through holes The second urging means of the machining nozzle fixing means includes a cylindrical piston member in a cylinder and a compression spring, and pushes the piston member by supplying an assist gas to the cylinder space, thereby The processing nozzle releasing member is configured to press the processing nozzle locking member, and the processing nozzle releasing means supplies the compressed fluid to the space on the tip end side of the cylinder and stops supplying the assist gas, thereby It is a processing nozzle attaching / detaching mechanism configured to eliminate the urging force of the second urging means.

In addition, in the processing nozzle that is attached to and detached from the processing head on the front end side of the processing head of the thermal cutting machine, a cylindrical base end component member provided on the base end side of the processing nozzle and the front end of the processing nozzle A cylindrical nozzle tip provided with a flange for preventing spatter from entering the processing head in the intermediate portion on the part side, a processing nozzle guide means, a processing nozzle fixing means, and a processing nozzle releasing means, The processing nozzle guide means engages and slides an engaging portion provided on the base end side of the processing nozzle and an engaged portion provided on the tip end side of the processing head. A means for guiding a machining nozzle, and the machining nozzle fixing means is provided on the machining nozzle, and a first urging means for urging the machining nozzle in a direction in which the machining nozzle is separated from the machining head. nozzle A locking part, a nozzle locking part that can be engaged with the nozzle locking part, a second biasing means that can bias the nozzle locking member, and a fixing means that uses an assist gas pressure used by the laser processing machine And the processing nozzle releasing means is a releasing means that eliminates the urging force of the second urging means and uses the pressure generated by stopping the supply of assist gas and supplying compressed air from the outside. To do .

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the processing nozzle of the thermal cutting machine according to the third aspect , the nozzle tip is made of copper or a copper alloy, and the cylindrical base end constituent member is harder than the nozzle tip. It is a processing nozzle of a thermal cutting machine that is made of a material such as steel and both are engaged with screws or the like and can be easily replaced.

According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, in the method of detaching a processing nozzle from the processing head on the tip side of the processing head of a thermal cutting machine, a nozzle tip that can be easily mounted on the cylindrical base end component member is provided. When the provided processing nozzle is mounted, it is guided by the processing nozzle guide means, moved to a predetermined position, and fixed with the assist gas supply together with the processing head fixing means, and when the assist nozzle is released, the assist gas supply is stopped. In this method, the urging force of the fixing means is eliminated by the supply of the compressed fluid, and the processing nozzle is guided and removed by the guide means.

  According to the present invention, when the machining nozzle is attached to and detached from the machining head of the thermal cutting machine, the above-described attachment can be easily performed.

  FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing a schematic configuration of a nozzle attaching / detaching mechanism 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention.

  The nozzle attaching / detaching mechanism 1 is provided on the front end side of the processing head 5 of a thermal cutting processing machine (for example, a laser processing machine) 3, and the processing nozzle 7 mounted (installed) on the processing head 5 is connected to the front end of the processing head 5. It is an apparatus for attaching and detaching (holding and removing) on the part side.

  The processing nozzle 7 is formed in a cylindrical shape, and a laser beam optical path (laser optical path) L1 is formed in the hollow portion of the cylindrical portion. Further, a laser beam path L1 is also formed in a hollow portion formed in the central portion of the nozzle attaching / detaching mechanism 1 and the processing head 5. Then, laser light oscillated from a laser oscillator (not shown) passes through the laser light path L1 from the proximal end side to the distal end side in FIG. 1, and is emitted from the distal end portion of the processing nozzle 7, The emitted laser light is applied to the workpiece, and the workpiece is processed such as cutting.

  The nozzle attaching / detaching mechanism 1 includes a nozzle guide unit 9 and a nozzle fixing unit 11, and the nozzle guide unit 9 has a center of the processing head 5 when the processing nozzle 7 is mounted on the tip side of the processing head 5. (Laser beam path L1 formed in the machining head 5) and the longitudinal center of the machining nozzle 7 (laser beam path L1 formed in the machining nozzle 7) are in agreement with each other. Thus, the processing nozzle 7 can be guided so that the processing nozzle 7 moves linearly in the extending direction of the laser light path L1 while keeping the posture of the processing nozzle 7 constant.

  The nozzle fixing means 11 is capable of automatically fixing the processing nozzle 7 mounted on the processing head 5 by being guided by the nozzle guide means 9 and moving to a predetermined position at the predetermined position.

  Further, in order to remove the fixed processing nozzle 7 from the processing head 5, nozzle releasing means 13 capable of releasing the state in which the nozzle fixing means 11 fixes the processing nozzle 7 is provided, The nozzle fixing means 11 fixes the processing nozzle 7 by using an assist gas used by the laser processing machine 3 (a gas used to cover a processing part of a workpiece when laser processing is performed). .

  More specifically, for example, the nozzle guide means 9 of the nozzle attaching / detaching mechanism 1 includes an engaging portion 7A provided on the base end side of the processing nozzle 7 and a cover provided on the front end side of the processing head 5. The processing nozzle 7 is guided by engaging the engaging portions with each other and sliding the processing nozzle 7 relative to the processing head 5.

  The nozzle fixing means 11 includes a first urging means 15 that urges the machining nozzle 7 in a direction in which the machining nozzle 7 is separated from the machining head 5, and a proximal end side of the machining nozzle 7. A nozzle locking portion 17 provided, a nozzle locking member 19 that is slightly movable in a direction intersecting the laser beam path L1 (for example, a right angle direction) and is engageable with the nozzle locking portion 17; The nozzle locking member 19 can be biased so that the nozzle locking member 19 moves in the direction of the nozzle locking portion 17 and the nozzle locking member 19 engages with the nozzle locking portion 17. 2 urging means 21.

  In a state where the nozzle locking member 19 is engaged with the nozzle locking portion 17, the second biasing means 21 biases the nozzle locking member 19, and the first biasing means 15 is The machining nozzle 7 is urged to fix the machining nozzle 7.

  The nozzle locking member 19 can be slightly moved in the extending direction of the laser beam path L1 so that the nozzle locking member 19 can be easily moved in the direction intersecting the laser beam path L1. Also, in order to facilitate the engagement of the nozzle locking member 19 with the nozzle locking portion 17, there is a gap between the nozzle locking portion 17 and the nozzle locking member 19. There is a slight gap in the extending direction of the laser beam path L1.

  In the state where the nozzle locking member 19 is engaged with the nozzle locking portion 17 in spite of the slight movement and the slight gap, the second urging means 21 is connected to the nozzle. By energizing the locking member 19 and the first urging means 15 urging the machining nozzle 7, the machining nozzle 7 and the nozzle locking member 19 are urged and fixed in one direction. Therefore, the machining nozzle 7 cannot move in the extending direction of the laser beam path L1, and the machining nozzle 7 is fixed.

  The nozzle releasing means 13 is configured to eliminate the urging force of the second urging means 21, for example.

  Then, by eliminating the urging force of the second urging means 21 by the nozzle releasing means 13, the nozzle locking member 19 is easily separated from the nozzle locking portion 17, and the processing nozzle 7 is processed. It can be removed from the head 5.

  Here, the nozzle attaching / detaching mechanism 1 will be described in more detail with specific examples.

  A cylindrical head tip inner member 23 is provided on the inner side of the processing head 5 on the tip portion side, and on the outer side of the head tip inner member 23 from the intermediate portion to the tip portion of the head tip inner member 23. A cylindrical head front end intermediate member 25 is provided so as to cover the outer periphery of the head front end intermediate member 25, and a cylindrical shape is provided outside the head front end intermediate member 25 so as to cover from the middle portion to the front end portion of the head front end intermediate member 25. A cylindrical cylinder holding member 29 is provided on the outer side of the cylinder member 27 so as to cover the cylinder member 27, and further on the outer side of the cylinder holding member 29. A cylindrical head end outer member 31 is provided so as to cover the cylinder holding member 29.

  The processing head 5 and the head tip inner member 23 are engaged with each other, the head tip inner member 23 and the head tip intermediate member 25 are engaged with each other, and the head tip intermediate member 25 and the cylinder member are engaged with each other. 27 is engaged with each other via the nozzle release means 13, the cylinder member 27 and the cylinder holding member 29 are engaged with each other, and the cylinder holding member 29 and the head end outer member 31 are engaged with each other. Finally, the head tip inner member 23 and the head tip outer member 31 are engaged with each other.

  Furthermore, the head tip outer member 31 is integrally fixed to the processing head 5 at the base end portion, so that the head tip inner member 23, the head tip intermediate member 25, the cylinder member 27, The cylinder holding member 29 is integrally fixed to the processing head 5. In other words, the head tip inner member 23, the head tip intermediate member 25, the cylinder member 27, and the cylinder holding member 29 are sandwiched between the processing head 5 and the head tip outer member 31, so that the processing head 5 It is fixed to.

  In the fixed state, the central axes of the head tip inner member 23, the head tip intermediate member 25, the cylinder member 27, the cylinder holding member 29, and the head tip outer member 31 (the laser beam path L1). The central axes extending in the direction) coincide with each other and are coaxial (on the laser beam path L1).

  Among the engaged portions, the central axes of the head tip inner member 23, the head tip intermediate member 25, the cylinder member 27, the cylinder holding member 29, and the head tip outer member 31 are Engagement sites for concentricity are formed in a cylindrical side surface shape, and among the engaged sites, the head tip inner member 23, the head tip intermediate member 25, An engagement portion for preventing the cylinder member 27, the cylinder holding member 29, and the head end outer member 31 from moving in the extending direction of the laser light path L1 is formed in a ring shape.

  The processing nozzle 7 is a nozzle of a laser processing machine attached to the processing head 5 on the distal end side of the processing head 5 of the laser processing machine 3, and a cylindrical base on the base end side of the processing nozzle 7. An end component member 33 is provided. A cylindrical nozzle tip 35 is provided on the tip end side of the processing nozzle 7. The nozzle tip 35 and the base end component member 33 are coupled to each other by, for example, screws.

  The intermediate portion of the nozzle tip 35 (intermediate portion in the direction connecting the base end side and the tip end side) is larger than the inner diameter of the through hole 31A provided on the tip end side of the head tip outer member 31. A circular flange 35A having an outer diameter is provided. The flange 35A is for preventing dust such as spatter from entering the machining head 5 (nozzle attaching / detaching mechanism 1).

  The proximal end component member 33 is provided with an engaging portion 7A and a locking portion 17. The engaging portion 7A is formed by a cylindrical side wall-shaped inner wall 33A provided on the base end side, and this engaging portion 7A constitutes the nozzle guide means 9, that is, the processing nozzle 7 Is for guiding the processing nozzle 7 to move in the extending direction of the laser light path L1 when the processing head 5 is mounted.

  The locking portion 17 is formed by an annular recess 33C provided in an intermediate portion of an outer peripheral wall 33B having a cylindrical side surface concentric with the inner wall 33A. The locking portion 17 is formed by the nozzle fixing means 11. That is, when the machining nozzle 7 is mounted on the machining head 5, the machining nozzle 7 is fixed.

  The nozzle tip 35 of the processing nozzle 7 is made of copper or a copper alloy, and the base end component member 33 is made of a material such as steel that is harder than the nozzle tip 35.

  Further, when the machining nozzle 7 is attached to the machining head 5 on the outer peripheral surface on the base end side of the machining nozzle 7, the nozzle locking member 19 can be easily pushed in a direction away from the laser light path L <b> 1. In order to make it easy to attach the machining nozzle 7 to the machining head 5, a frustoconical side surface portion 7B having an outer diameter that decreases toward the proximal end is formed.

  Further, when the machining nozzle 7 is attached to the machining head 5 on the inner peripheral surface on the proximal end side of the machining nozzle 7, the machining nozzle 7 is easily engaged with the head tip inner member 23. In addition, a frustoconical side surface portion 7C having an inner diameter that increases toward the base end is formed.

  Further, in order to make the nozzle locking member 19 easily engage with both ends of the annular recess 33C of the processing nozzle 7 (both ends in the extending direction of the laser light path L1), the side surface of the truncated cone Each shape part 7D and 7E is provided.

  Furthermore, a step 7G is formed on the distal end side of the engaging portion 7A of the processing nozzle 7 by forming a through hole 7F having an inner diameter smaller than that of the engaging portion. When the processing nozzle 7 is attached to the processing head 5 by contacting the end surface 23A on the front end side of the head front end inner member 23, the processing nozzle 7 is more than necessary on the main body side of the processing head 5. It is designed not to get in. When the machining nozzle 7 is attached to the machining head 5, the step 7 </ b> G and the end surface of the head tip inner member 23 on the tip 23 </ b> A side are slightly separated from each other.

  The engaged portion of the nozzle guide means 9 is formed by a cylindrical side wall-shaped outer wall 23 </ b> B provided on the tip side of the head tip inner member 23. As described above, the head tip inner member 23 is provided on the innermost side of the processing head 5 on the tip end side of the processing head 5, and the outer wall 23 B is the base of the processing nozzle 7. It is formed in a cylindrical side surface shape having an outer diameter slightly smaller than the end side inner wall 33A.

  The first biasing means 15 of the nozzle fixing means 11 has an outer diameter that is substantially equal to the outer diameter of the outer peripheral wall 33B on the proximal end side of the processing nozzle 7 and an inner diameter of the inner wall 33A on the proximal end side of the processing nozzle 7. A collar member 37 having a slightly larger cylindrical shape, and a compression spring 39 having an outer diameter slightly smaller than the outer diameter of the collar member 37 and an inner diameter slightly larger than the inner diameter of the collar member 37, One end of 37 is in contact with the base end of the processing nozzle 7, the other end of the collar member 37 is in contact with one end of the compression spring 39, and the other end of the compression spring 39 is the head tip inner member. 23 in contact with the ring-shaped step (a step having a size corresponding to the outer diameter and inner diameter of the compression spring 39 and having a plane perpendicular to the laser beam path L1) provided in the middle portion The process nozzle 7 is energized It is configured to.

  The nozzle locking member 19 of the nozzle fixing means 11 is formed in a spherical shape, and a plurality of the nozzle locking members 19 are provided in a circular through hole 25A, and are engaged with each through hole 25A. It is possible to move by being supported. Furthermore, each through-hole 25A is provided to extend in a direction substantially perpendicular to the laser beam path L1 at a position where the cylindrical portion 25C of the head end intermediate member 25 is substantially equally distributed on the circumference. The inner diameter of the through hole 25 </ b> A is slightly larger than the nozzle locking member 19.

  The head front end intermediate member 25 includes a cylindrical portion 25B having an inner diameter slightly larger than that of the collar member 37 in the intermediate portion, and is engaged with the head front end inner member 23 on the base end side. Further, the inner wall of the cylindrical portion 25B and the outer wall of the collar member 37 come into contact with each other and slide so that the collar member 37 can move in the direction of the laser light path L1.

  Further, the inner and outer diameters of the cylindrical portion 25C provided on the tip portion side of the head tip intermediate member 25 are formed smaller than the inner and outer diameters of the cylindrical portion 25B provided on the intermediate portion. Has been.

  Further, the outer diameter of the spherical nozzle locking member 19 is larger than the wall thickness of the cylindrical portion 25C of the head tip intermediate member 25, so that each of the through holes 25A is supported. Each one end of the nozzle locking member 19 protrudes inside the cylindrical portion 25C, each other end of each nozzle locking member 19 protrudes outside the cylindrical portion 25C, and each one end side is the nozzle. It is freely engageable with the nozzle locking portion 17 of the fixing means 11.

  The second urging means 21 of the nozzle fixing means 11 includes a cylindrical piston member 41 and a compression spring 43, and the piston member 41 has an outer diameter of the cylindrical portion 25B of the head end intermediate member 25. The inner wall 41A having a slightly larger inner diameter than the inner wall 41A and the outer wall of the cylindrical portion 25B of the head tip intermediate member 25 are engaged with each other and slid, whereby the piston member 41 is moved to the head tip. The intermediate member 25 is movable in the extending direction of the laser beam path L1.

  The head tip intermediate member 25, the piston member 41, and the cylinder member 27 form a cylinder 45.

  More specifically, a circular flange 41D is provided on the base end side of the piston member 41, and a cylindrical side wall outer wall (an outer diameter smaller than the outer diameter of the flange 41D is provided on the distal end side. A diameter outer wall) 41E is formed. The cylinder member 27 is fixed to the head distal end intermediate member 25 on the proximal end side, and engages with the flange 41D on the inner wall of the intermediate portion (intermediate portion in the extending direction of the laser light path L1). The inner wall 27A on the side is engaged with the outer wall 41E.

  The outer diameter of the flange 41D is slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the intermediate portion of the cylinder member 27. Further, the inner diameter of the inner wall 27A on the tip end side of the cylinder member 27 is configured to be slightly larger than the outer diameter of the outer wall 41E for engagement with the outer wall 41E.

  Further, in order to push the nozzle locking member 19 in the direction of the laser beam path L1 (the direction in which the nozzle locking members 19 approach each other), the tip of the piston member 41 has a frustoconical side wall ( 41B is provided, and the inner wall 41B is in contact with each other end of each nozzle locking member 19. As shown in FIG.

  Further, the base end portion of the piston member 41 is in contact with one end portion of the compression spring 43, and the other end portion of the compression spring 43 is a ring-shaped step provided in the intermediate portion of the head tip intermediate member 25 (the compression step). The piston member 41 is moved by the compression spring 43 (on the workpiece side) in contact with a step 25D having a size corresponding to the outer diameter and inner diameter of the spring and having a plane perpendicular to the laser beam path L1. Direction; direction on the tip side).

  Further, by supplying assist gas to the cylinder 45, the piston member 41 is pushed toward the tip side, and the nozzle locking members 19 are urged by the inner wall 41B of the side surface of the truncated cone. The member 19 is configured to engage with the nozzle locking portion 17 and press the nozzle locking portion 17.

  The assist gas is supplied to a space on the base end side of the cylinder 45 (a space formed by being surrounded by the head end intermediate member 25, the cylinder member 27, and the piston member 41) SP1. Then, by the supplied assist gas and the compression spring 43, the end face 41C is pushed, and the piston member 41 moves in the direction of the distal end portion, thereby urging each nozzle locking member 19. Yes.

  In the nozzle release means 13, a compressed fluid is supplied to a space SP <b> 3 of the cylinder 45 (a space formed by being surrounded by the cylinder member 27 and the piston member 41), and the piston is supplied by the supplied compressed air. The member 41 moves in the direction toward the reference end portion.

  The nozzle releasing means 13 supplies the fluid compressed in the cylinder 45 to the space SP3 and stops the supply of the assist gas to the space SP1, thereby causing the second urging force. The biasing force of the means 21 is eliminated.

  Here, the compressed air is a joint J1 installed in a through hole provided in the head tip outer member 31, a ring-shaped space SP5 formed by the head tip outer member 31 and the cylinder holding member 29, and Through the through hole 29A provided in the cylinder holding member 29, the cylindrical space SP7 formed by the cylinder holding member 29 and the cylinder member 27, and the through hole 27B provided in the cylinder member 27, The cylinder 45 is supplied to the space SP3 on the tip end side.

  The assist gas includes a through hole 23D provided in the head tip inner member 23, an annular space SP9 formed by the head tip inner member 23 and the head tip intermediate member 25, and the head tip intermediate. The gas passes through a through hole 25E provided in the member 25 and is supplied to the space SP1 on the base end side of the cylinder 45.

  Next, the case where the processing nozzle 7 is attached to and removed from the processing head 5 (nozzle attaching / detaching mechanism 1) will be described.

  FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating a state where the machining nozzle 7 is detached from the machining head 5, and FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating a state in the middle when the machining nozzle 7 is attached to the machining head 5. FIG. 1 shows a state in which the machining nozzle 7 is attached to the machining head 5.

  In the state shown in FIG. 2, the assist gas is not supplied to the space SP1. Also, compressed air is not supplied to the space SP3. Further, the collar member 37 is pushed toward the tip by the compression spring 39, the collar member 37 closes the through hole 25A, and the nozzle locking member 19 does not protrude inward from the inner wall of the cylindrical portion 25C. Yes. In other words, the nozzle locking member 19 is pushed in the direction away from the laser beam path L1 by the collar member 37, and the pushed nozzle locking member 19 pushes the piston member 41 toward the base end side. The piston member 41 is urged toward the distal end portion by the compression spring 43. However, since the force pushed by the nozzle locking member 19 is larger, the compression spring 43 is compressed and the piston member 41 becomes the base. It has moved to the end side.

  Subsequently, by guiding using the nozzle guide means 9, the processing nozzle 7 is brought close to the nozzle attaching / detaching mechanism 1 (moved toward the base end side), and the base end portion constituting member 33 and the color member of the processing nozzle 7 are arranged. 37 are brought into contact with each other (see FIG. 3). In the state shown in FIG. 3, the shapes and positional relationships of the nozzle locking member 19, the piston member 41, the collar member 37, and the compression spring 39 are the same as those shown in FIG.

  When the processing nozzle 7 is further moved to the base end side from the state shown in FIG. 3, the collar member 37 compresses the compression spring 39 and moves to the base end side, and moves to the nozzle locking portion 17 of the processing nozzle 7. The nozzle locking member 19 enters (engages), that is, each nozzle locking member 19 moves in the centripetal direction (direction approaching the laser light path L1). Each of the nozzle locking members 19 is moved in the centripetal direction by a piston member 41 that is pushed toward the tip by the compression spring 43.

  In this state, the processing nozzle 7 is fixed to the processing head 5 by the nozzle attaching / detaching mechanism 1. That is, in the state shown in FIG. 1, even if the processing nozzle 7 is moved to the tip end side, the nozzle locking portion 17 and the nozzle locking member 19 are engaged with each other. Since the movement in the direction away from the laser light path L1 is prevented by the member 41, the machining nozzle 7 cannot be moved to the tip end side.

  The collar member 37 and the compression spring 39 urge the processing nozzle 7 toward the tip, and the piston member 41 and the compression spring 43 urge the nozzle locking member 19 in the centripetal direction. Regardless of the clearance between the through hole 25 </ b> A and the nozzle locking member 19 and the clearance between the nozzle locking portion 17 and the nozzle locking member 19, the processing nozzle 7 rattles against the processing head 5. It is held so as not to connect.

  Further, in the above state, for example, when the laser processing machine 3 is operating, the assist gas is supplied to the space SP1, and the force with which the piston member 41 urges the nozzle locking member 19 is increased.

  Next, the case where the processing nozzle 7 is removed from the processing head 5 will be described.

  When the supply of the assist gas is stopped from the state in which the assist gas is supplied to the space SP1 in FIG. 1, the gas pressure of the assist gas in the space SP1 disappears, and the piston member 41 is only the compression spring 43 and moves toward the tip. It becomes the state where it is energized.

  Subsequently, when compressed air is supplied to the space SP3, the pressure of the compressed air causes the piston member 41 to compress the compression spring 43 and move to the proximal end side, and the piston member 41 moves away from the nozzle locking member 19, The nozzle locking member 19 can move in a direction away from the laser light path L1.

  Here, when the processing nozzle 7 is moved to the tip end side, the cylindrical portion of the base end component member 33 located on the base end side with respect to the nozzle locking portion 17 causes each nozzle locking member 19 to move. The machining nozzle 7 can be detached from the machining head 5 by moving in a direction away from the laser beam path L1.

  According to the nozzle attaching / detaching mechanism 1, when the processing nozzle 7 is mounted on the processing head 5 of the laser processing machine 3, the processing nozzle 7 can be mounted simply by moving the processing nozzle 7 linearly to a predetermined position. Therefore, the mounting of the processing nozzle 7 is facilitated.

  Therefore, when the processing nozzle 7 is automatically mounted using this mechanism, the structure of the mechanism can be simplified.

  Further, according to the nozzle attaching / detaching mechanism 1, since the processing nozzle is not mounted using screws, it is not necessary to manage the tightening torque for correctly mounting the processing nozzle on the head. Easy to install.

  In addition, to avoid the problem that dust generated by laser processing adheres to the valley of the threaded portion of the nozzle and accumulates, and when the nozzle is to be mounted on the head, the threaded portion is bitten. Can do.

  Furthermore, according to the nozzle attaching / detaching mechanism 1, since the nozzle releasing means 13 for removing the held processing nozzle 7 from the processing head 5 is provided, the processing nozzle 7 attached to the processing head 5 is connected to the processing head. 5 is easy to remove, and as described above, it is easy to attach the machining nozzle 7 to the machining head 5, so that the machining nozzle 7 can be easily replaced. Furthermore, as described above, when the machining nozzle 7 is attached to the machining head 5 of the laser processing machine 3, the machining nozzle 7 can be attached only by moving the machining sludge 7 linearly to a predetermined position. The mounted processing nozzle 7 can be removed by moving linearly from the processing head 5. Therefore, when the processing nozzle 7 is automatically replaced using an apparatus, the configuration of the apparatus can be simplified.

  Further, according to the nozzle attaching / detaching mechanism 1, the processing nozzle 7 is fixed by using the assist gas used by the laser processing machine 3, so that the processing nozzle 7 can be held strongly, in particular, laser processing. It is possible to eliminate the possibility that the processing nozzle 7 is detached while the machine 3 is in operation.

  Further, according to the nozzle attaching / detaching mechanism 1, the processing nozzle 7 is urged and fixed from a plurality of directions (the direction of the laser light path L1 and the directions perpendicular to the directions) by using the nozzle locking members 19. Therefore, the processing nozzle 7 can be securely fixed to the processing head 5.

  Further, according to the nozzle attaching / detaching mechanism 1, the engaging portion 7 </ b> A and the engaged portion of the nozzle guide means 9 are formed in a cylindrical side surface shape, and the first urging means 15 has the cylindrical collar member 37. The processing nozzle 7 is urged by a compression spring 39, and the second urging means 21 is also configured to urge the processing nozzle 7 by a compression spring 43 via a cylindrical piston member 41. Therefore, the configuration of the nozzle attaching / detaching mechanism 1 is simplified.

Further, according to the nozzle attaching / detaching mechanism 1, since the nozzle locking member 19 is a spherical member, the operation of the nozzle locking member 19 is smooth, and a plurality of nozzle locking members 19 are arranged in the circumferential direction. Therefore, the processing nozzle 7 can be held in a well-balanced manner, and the nozzle locking members 19 are pushed by using the inner wall of the truncated cone side surface of the piston member 41, so that the nozzle locking members 19 are generated. The nozzle locking portion 17 can be pressed with a large force. In addition, since the head distal end inner member 23 exists inside the base end component member 33 where the nozzle locking portion 17 is formed, large nozzle locking portions 17 and nozzle locking members 19 are generated. Even if pressed by force, the base end component member 33 of the processing nozzle 7 is not easily deformed.
Further, according to the nozzle attaching / detaching mechanism 1, since the processing nozzle 7 is fixed by the annularly formed nozzle locking portion 17, when the processing nozzle 7 is attached to the processing head 5, the longitudinal direction of the processing nozzle 7 Even if the machining nozzle 7 is turned by an arbitrary angle around the central axis (the extending direction of the laser beam path L1 when the machining nozzle 7 is attached to the machining head 5), the machining nozzle 7 It can be attached to the processing head 5 and the mounting of the processing nozzle 7 to the processing head 5 is facilitated.

  Further, since the nozzle releasing means 13 is configured to move the piston member 41 using compressed air in the direction opposite to the second urging means 21, the configuration of the nozzle releasing means 13 is simplified. In addition, the nozzle release means 13 can be operated simply by supplying compressed air, and the processing nozzle 7 can be easily detached from the laser processing machine 3.

  Further, according to the machining nozzle 7, the provision of the flange 35 </ b> A allows the dust to enter the machining head 5 even if spatter or other dust is generated when machining the workpiece with the laser machine 3. It is difficult to do.

  Further, in order to increase heat resistance, stop the thermal diffusion rate, and increase the light absorption rate, the processing nozzle tip 35 is generally made of copper or an alloy thereof, and can be replaced because it is a consumable item. It has become. When the replacement is performed, it is not necessary to rotate the nozzle as in the case of screwing, so that the replacement can be easily performed, and the screw portion of the nozzle and a part damaged due to a spanner used for screwing can be damaged. It can be lost.

  Moreover, according to the processing nozzle 7, since the site | part (for example, base end part structural member 33) of the processing nozzle 7 engaged with the processing head 5 is comprised with steel etc., the said site | part becomes difficult to damage. . In addition, since the site | part comprised with the said steel etc. does not face the laser beam path L1, it is hard to receive damage with a laser beam.

It is sectional drawing which shows schematic structure of the nozzle attachment / detachment mechanism which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which shows the state which removed the nozzle from the head. It is a figure which shows the state in the middle at the time of attaching a nozzle to a head.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Nozzle attachment / detachment mechanism 3 Laser processing machine 5 Processing head 7 Processing nozzle 9 Nozzle guide means 11 Nozzle fixing means 13 Nozzle release means 15 First urging means 17 Nozzle locking part 19 Nozzle locking member 21 2nd urging means

Claims (5)

In a processing nozzle detaching mechanism for detaching a processing nozzle mounted on the processing head on the tip side of the processing head of the thermal cutting machine,
Nozzle guide means for guiding the machining nozzle when the machining nozzle is attached to and detached from the tip of the machining head;
Processing nozzle fixing means for automatically fixing the processing nozzle guided to the nozzle guide means and moved to a predetermined position when mounting the processing nozzle;
Processing nozzle releasing means for removing the mounted and fixed processing nozzle from the processing head;
With
The nozzle guide means engages and slides the engaging portion provided on the base end side of the processing nozzle and the engaged portion provided on the tip end side of the processing head. Means for guiding the nozzle,
The processing nozzle fixing means includes first biasing means for biasing the processing nozzle in a direction in which the processing nozzle moves away from the processing head, a nozzle locking portion provided in the processing nozzle, and the nozzle engagement. A nozzle locking member engagable with the stopper, a second urging means capable of urging the nozzle locking member, and a fixing means using the assist gas pressure used by the laser processing machine,
The processing nozzle releasing means is a releasing means that eliminates the urging force of the second urging means and uses pressure generated by stopping the supply of assist gas and supplying compressed air from the outside . In the processing nozzle detachment mechanism according to claim 1,
The engaging portion of the processing nozzle guide means is an inner wall of a cylindrical body provided on the base end side of the processing nozzle,
The engaged portion of the processing nozzle guide means is an outer wall of a cylindrical side surface of a head tip inner member provided on the innermost side on the tip side of the processing head,
The first biasing means of the processing nozzle fixing means comprises a cylindrical collar member and a compression spring,
The processing nozzle locking portion of the processing nozzle fixing means is an annular recess provided in an outer wall of a cylindrical body provided at a base end portion of the processing nozzle,
The processing nozzle fixing member of the processing nozzle fixing means is a spherical member, and a plurality of through holes provided at substantially equal distribution positions on the circumference of the head tip intermediate member that contacts the outside of the cylindrical body of the processing nozzle Provided in
The second urging means of the machining nozzle fixing means includes a cylindrical piston member in a cylinder and a compression spring, and pushes the piston member by supplying an assist gas to the cylinder space, thereby It is configured to press the processing nozzle locking member,
The machining nozzle release means is configured to supply the compressed fluid to the space on the tip end side of the cylinder and to stop the supply of the assist gas, thereby eliminating the urging force of the second urging means. A processing nozzle attaching / detaching mechanism characterized by that . In the processing nozzle to be attached to and detached from the processing head on the front end side of the processing head of the thermal cutting machine, a cylindrical base end constituent member provided on the base end side of the processing nozzle, and a front end side of the processing nozzle A cylindrical nozzle tip provided with a flange for preventing spatter intrusion into the processing head in the middle of the processing nozzle guide means, processing nozzle fixing means, processing nozzle release means,
The processing nozzle guide means engages and slides an engaging portion provided on the base end side of the processing nozzle and an engaged portion provided on the tip end side of the processing head. Means for guiding the processing nozzle,
The processing nozzle fixing means includes first biasing means for biasing the processing nozzle in a direction in which the processing nozzle moves away from the processing head, a nozzle locking portion provided in the processing nozzle, and the nozzle engagement. A nozzle locking portion that can be engaged with the stopper, a second urging means that can urge the nozzle locking member, and a fixing means that uses the assist gas pressure used by the laser processing machine,
The processing nozzle release means is a release means that eliminates the urging force of the second urging means and uses pressure generated by stopping the supply of assist gas and supplying compressed air from the outside. Processing nozzle . In the processing nozzle of the thermal cutting machine according to claim 3,
The nozzle tip is made of copper or a copper alloy, the cylindrical base end constituting member is made of a material such as steel harder than the nozzle tip, and both are engaged with screws or the like and can be easily replaced. Processing nozzle for thermal cutting machine . In the method of detaching the processing nozzle from the processing head on the tip side of the processing head of the thermal cutting processing machine,
  When mounting a processing nozzle having a nozzle tip that is easy to mount on the cylindrical base end component, the processing nozzle is guided by the processing nozzle guide means, moved to a predetermined position, and together with the processing head fixing means, Fixed in supply and
  In releasing, the assisting gas supply is stopped and the compressed fluid is supplied to eliminate the urging force of the fixing means, and the processing nozzle is guided and removed by the guide means.

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