JP4262188B2 - Tool diameter variable type roller burnishing tool - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a variable tool diameter type roller burnishing tool.

Generally, the processed surface of the cutting process has a certain limit in surface roughness and forms so-called peaks and valleys. Therefore, the surface pressure is increased, problems occur in terms of functions such as mechanical strength, and the appearance is also impaired. Therefore, a roller burnishing process is performed after the cutting process, and the surface roughness is greatly improved to finish a smooth surface like a mirror.
The principle of roller burnishing is a kind of plastic working method, in which a metal surface is rolled with a roller to crush a “mountain portion” and finish the processed surface smoothly. Unlike grinding, the surface roughness is improved in a short time, and the surface is work hardened. Therefore, the machined surface has improved mechanical strength and is excellent in durability and wear resistance. As an example of burnishing, FIG. 10 shows an example of gear shaft machining.
Sugino Machine Co., Ltd., homepage (roller burnishing tool CSA type, SA type) (http://www.sugino.com/menu/menu_index/yoto/idx_roller_b.html)

By the way, in general, in burnishing, the rolling roller is likely to be in point contact with the workpiece surface at the workpiece entrance (near the machining start point), and a large machining pressing force is generated locally. Is likely to be excessive. When the burnishing margin is excessive, the “mountain portion” of the work surface is not crushed, but the processed surface is swept away by the plastic flow of the metal structure. FIG. 11 shows the state of the processed surface of the conventional burnishing process, where (a) shows the state before processing, and (b) shows the state after processing. As shown in FIG. 11B, it can be seen that the processed surface is raised by about 1.5 microns by burnishing at the workpiece entrance.
Such a swell phenomenon is very small, but becomes a serious problem in important functional parts and precision parts that require high precision and high durability. Therefore, if necessary, the amount of swell is estimated in advance by pre-processing, and the part is processed into a taper shape, or the burnishing margin is set small to prevent swell.

However, there is a problem that the productivity is poor if the pre-processing is performed into a taper shape, or the burnishing is divided into several times with a small burnishing margin.
Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a variable tool diameter roller burnishing tool capable of preventing a plastic flow of a work surface and forming a smoother and better work surface.

According to the first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a shank to be mounted on a processing machine, a cylindrical frame that is coaxially and rotatably coupled to the front end side of the shank, and a plurality of rotatably mounted on the circumference of the frame. a roller having a taper, in contact outside the plurality of rollers, comprising a taper corresponding to the taper of said roller, and a said shank integrally rotatable head, said roller and said head A variable tool diameter type roller burnishing tool having a tool diameter adjusting mechanism for adjusting a tool diameter by sliding relative to the shank axis direction, wherein the frame or the head on which the roller is mounted and integrally coupled, and fitted on the movable hub slidably said shank to said shank axis, is formed so as to surround the movable hub, the A cylinder part that slidably holds the moving hub in the shank axis direction, and two independent fluid pressure chambers formed inside and outside the cylinder part and formed before and after the movable hub with the movable hub as a partition And a swivel joint that is rotatably fitted to the shank shaft, and the cylinder portion that communicates with each fluid pressure chamber from the introduction port. The head is formed in a cylindrical shape, and is fitted into a frame on which the rollers are mounted so that the inner peripheral surface thereof circumscribes the plurality of rollers, The movable hub is formed in a cylindrical shape having a flange on an outer peripheral surface, is integrally coupled with the head, and is externally fitted to the shank so as to be slidable in the shank axis direction. The housing is externally fitted to the shank so as to be integrally rotatable, and the outer peripheral surface of the collar of the movable hub is slidably held by the inner peripheral surface of the housing, and the two independent fluid pressure chambers are The movable hub is configured as a variable tool diameter roller burnishing tool for processing the outer peripheral surface, which is formed on the front and rear sides of the collar as a partition.

Thus, in the tool diameter variable type roller burnishing tool for outside diameter processing according to the present invention, each cylinder is configured as a housing having a flow path that leads from each introduction port to each fluid pressure chamber. By introducing or discharging pressurized fluid from each flow path to the pressure chamber, sliding the movable hub in the axial direction, and changing the relative positional relationship between the head and the roller, the tool can be kept in place even during the burnishing process. The diameter can be changed automatically.

The invention according to claim 2 is provided with a shank to be mounted on the processing machine, a cylindrical frame that is coaxially and rotatably coupled to the tip end side of the shank, and a plurality of rotatably mounted on the circumference of the frame. A roller having a taper and a head corresponding to the taper of the roller so as to be inscribed in the plurality of rollers, and a head rotatable integrally with the shank. A variable tool diameter roller burnishing tool having a tool diameter adjusting mechanism that adjusts the tool diameter by sliding relative to the shank axis direction, the frame or the head mounted with the roller, A movable hub that is integrally coupled and slidably mounted in the shank axial direction, and is formed to surround the movable hub. A cylinder portion that slidably holds the hub in the shank axis direction; and two independent fluid pressure chambers formed inside and outside the cylinder portion and formed before and after the movable hub with the movable hub as a partition; The fluid pressure chambers have fluid inlets respectively connected thereto, and swivel joints rotatably fitted to the shank shaft, and the cylinder portions communicating from the inlets to the fluid pressure chambers. The head is formed in a rod shape, and is fitted on a frame on which the rollers are mounted so that the outer peripheral surface thereof is inscribed in the plurality of rollers, and the front end of the shank. On the side, a halfway stop hole is formed in the shank axial direction, and a cylindrical head holder having an inner peripheral surface is fixed to the front end side of the shank so as to close the hole, and the movable hub Is slidably penetrated in the inner peripheral surface of the head holder and is disposed so as to reach the hole of the cylinder while being slidable in the shank axial direction. coupled to the head integral with the cylinder portion, said shank, e Bei and said head holder, and connects the outer peripheral surface of the inner circumferential surface of the head holder head key, the said shank head Is a variable tool diameter type roller burnishing tool for machining the inner peripheral surface, wherein the head is configured to be slidable along the key while rotating together .
As described above, in the tool diameter variable type roller burnishing tool for inner diameter processing according to the present invention, the cylinder portion is provided with a shank and a head holder each having a flow path leading from each introduction port to each fluid pressure chamber. To introduce or discharge pressure fluid from each flow path to each fluid pressure chamber, slide the movable hub built in the hole formed on the front end side of the shank in the axial direction, and the relative positional relationship between the head and the roller By changing the tool diameter, the tool diameter can be automatically changed at a predetermined position even during burnishing.

The invention according to claim 3 is the roller burnishing tool of variable tool diameter type according to claim 1 or claim 2 , wherein the sliding movement amount in the shank axis direction is applied to at least one of the two fluid pressure chambers. A shim ring is arranged in the restricting direction.
As described above, according to the present invention, since the shim ring is disposed in the fluid pressure chamber, the slide amount of the movable hub can be adjusted by changing the thickness and the number of shims.

The invention according to claim 4 is the variable tool diameter roller burnishing tool according to any one of claims 1 to 3 , wherein the pressure fluid is air or an inert gas. To do.
As described above, the present invention employs a configuration in which air or the like is used as the fluid pressure, so that the power source can be easily obtained, handled, and contamination can be prevented.

According to the first to fourth aspects of the present invention, it is possible to provide a variable tool diameter roller burnishing tool capable of preventing a plastic flow of a work surface and forming a flatter and better work surface. it can.

[First Embodiment]
Hereinafter, a first embodiment for carrying out the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. The roller burnishing tool according to the present embodiment (hereinafter sometimes simply referred to as “tool”) shows an example for processing an outer peripheral surface, and employs air pressure as fluid pressure. FIG. 1 is a view showing a configuration of a roller burnishing tool according to the present embodiment, (a) is a left side view showing a tool front end side, and (b) is a front view showing a half section. 2 is a partially enlarged view of FIG. 1B showing the configuration of the front end side of the tool, and FIG. 3 is a partially enlarged view of FIG. 1 showing the configuration of the rear end side of the tool. In addition, in each figure, the detail parts, such as the structure of the roller 2, may be exaggerated, and in FIG. 2, the swivel joint is omitted in the drawing for convenience of explanation.
Here, the front end side (front end side) of the tool refers to the side provided with a roller for rolling, and the rear end side of the tool refers to the side having the mounting portion of the shank 5 mounted on the processing machine. . This term also applies to each component of the tool 1.

  As shown in FIG. 1, a roller burnishing tool 1 according to this embodiment is equipped with a shank 5 constituting a tool shaft, a roller 2 provided on the tip end side of the tool, and a roller 2 for pressing. Frame 3, head 4 fitted so as to circumscribe roller 2, movable hub 6 that is slidable with respect to shank 5 that is integrally connected to head 4, and flange 81 on the tip side. And a swivel joint 9 rotatably mounted on the shank 5, and an adjust ring 14 disposed on the rear end side of the tool.

The shank 5 is a stepped shaft having a stepped portion 5a having an enlarged diameter on the outer peripheral surface tip side, and a male screw 5b is formed on the outer peripheral surface having a reduced diameter at the central portion. A mounting portion 5c for mounting on a processing machine such as a lathe is formed on the rear end side of the tool, and has a predetermined diameter or shape.
The stepped portion 5a having an enlarged diameter on the front end side of the shank 5 forms a bottomed cylindrical shape, the frame 3 is mounted on the inner peripheral side, and the movable hub 6 slides on the outer peripheral surface via a bush 5d. It can be inserted freely.
Since the housing 8 is screwed to the male screw 5b in the body portion of the shank 5, the housing 8 can be moved forward or backward by rotating the housing 8.
On the rear part of the shank 5, there is provided a milling cut surface 5 e whose upper side is cut off flatly in the drawing, and an adjuster string 14 that functions as a stopper of the housing 8 is mounted.

The configuration of the tool front will be described with reference to FIG. 2 in addition to FIG.
The frame 3 has a cylindrical shape with a bottom, and nine rollers 2 are arranged on the circumference at regular intervals at the tip (see FIG. 1A). As shown in FIG. 2, the bottom of the frame 3 is formed thick and includes a hole 3 b into which the distance block 16 is inserted. Further, a step portion 3a having a slightly reduced diameter is provided on the rear end side of the outer peripheral surface, and this step portion 3a is fitted with a step portion on the inner peripheral surface of the front end side of the shank 5.

The distance block 16 has a cylindrical shape with a collar 16a on the outer periphery of the front end surface, and three counterbore holes 16b are formed on the same pitch circle on the end surface of the collar 16a. Through this distance block 16, the frame 3 is rotatably fixed to the inner peripheral surface bottom 5f on the front end side of the shank 5 with mounting bolts 16e.
Specifically, a thrust bearing 16c is disposed on the bottom rear end surface 3c side of the frame 3, a thrust bearing 16c is disposed also on the bottom inner peripheral surface side of the frame 3, and a wave washer 16d is disposed thereon. The frame 3 is held by the flange 16a of the distance block 16, and the frame 3 is rotatably held by the shank 5 with the mounting bolt 16e.

The roller 2 for rolling process is rotatably attached to the front end of the frame 3 to form a columnar shape, and has a taper angle θ in which the front end is enlarged in diameter and the rear end is reduced in diameter. By providing this taper angle θ, the tool diameter D can be adjusted.
Here, the tool diameter D for outer diameter processing refers to the processing diameter of the rolling process by the tool 1, and is an inscribed circle formed by an envelope inscribed in a plurality of rollers 2 arranged on the circumference. Means diameter.

The head 4 is formed in a thick cylindrical shape. A stepped portion 4a having a reduced diameter is formed at the rear portion of the outer peripheral surface of the head 4, and the movable hub 6 is fitted into the stepped portion 4a. Further, a flat milled cut surface 4b is formed on the stepped portion 4a as an inclined surface with the rear end side raised, and the head 4 is difficult to be removed in response to the sliding movement of the movable hub 6.
The front end side of the inner peripheral surface of the head 4 is configured to engage and come into contact with the outer peripheral surface of the roller 2 by line contact. The front end of the inner peripheral surface of the head is matched to the taper angle θ of the roller 2. The taper angle θ is provided such that the side is enlarged in diameter and the rear end side is reduced in diameter. The rear end of the inner peripheral surface of the head 4 has an inner diameter slightly larger than the outer diameter of the frame 3 because the frame 3 on which the roller 2 is mounted is inserted.

The movable hub 6 is formed in a cylindrical shape having a collar 6a on the outer peripheral surface. On the front end side (side facing the flange 81) of the collar 6a, a step portion 6b is formed circumferentially along the outer peripheral surface of the collar 6a.
The movable hub 6 has an inner peripheral surface that is fitted and inserted into the outer peripheral surface of the stepped portion 5a having an enlarged diameter at the front portion of the shank 5 via a bush 5d, and is slidable in the axial direction by sliding with the shank 5. It is configured. The front end side of the movable hub 6 is fitted into a step 4 a on the outer peripheral surface of the head 4, and is fixed integrally with the head 4 by a non-rotating screw 6 e.
Therefore, the movable hub 6 and the head 4 are configured to rotate integrally, and the head 4 is also slid in the axial direction as the movable hub 6 slides.
Further, since the movable hub 6 is connected to the flange 81 by a knock pin 6f so as to be rotatable integrally with the flange 81, the movable hub 6 is also configured to be rotatable integrally with the flange 81 and the housing 8 connected integrally with the flange 81.
However, since the flange 81 is coupled with the knock pin 6f, the movable hub 6 is slidable in the axial direction of the knock pin 6f. Specifically, the knock pin 6f is press-fitted to the movable hub 6 side, but is provided with a predetermined clearance from the flange 81 side, and is configured to be slidable.
In consideration of maintainability and the like, the head 4 and the movable hub 6 have a split structure, but the present invention is not limited to this, and may be an integral structure. Moreover, although the movable hub 6 was made into the integral structure provided with the collar 6a in the outer peripheral surface, it cannot be limited to this, You may comprise the said collar 6a divided | segmented from the said outer peripheral surface.

  As an example, three shim rings 13 are attached to the outer peripheral surface of the movable hub 6 so as to be fitted into the outer peripheral surface of the movable hub 6. The shim ring 13 is formed in a ring shape having a large inner diameter. When the movable hub 6 moves to the rear end side, the collar 6a of the movable hub 6 abuts against the housing inner peripheral surface step 8d via the shim ring 13. It is configured as follows.

The housing 8 is configured to include a flange 81 in the present embodiment. The flange 81 has a cylindrical shape with a flange 81a whose outer peripheral surface is enlarged in the front end portion. The flange surface of the flange 81a abuts on the front end surface of the housing 8 and has a reduced outer diameter. The surface is closely fitted on the inner peripheral surface of the front end side of the housing 8 via an O-ring 23.
Further, the flange surface of the flange 81 is provided with six countersunk holes avoiding the air flow path formed in the housing 8, and the flange 81 is formed on the front end surface of the housing 8 by the fixing screw 18. It is fixed.
In addition, the “housing” described in claim 1 means a housing having the flange 81. As described above, the “housing” can be appropriately divided.

The housing 8 has a shape in which two cylinders are combined, and is composed of a diameter-expanded portion 82 on the tool front end side and a diameter-reduced portion 83 on the rear end side.
The enlarged diameter portion 82 on the front end side has a bottomed cylindrical shape, the inner circumferential surface is formed with two steps, and the enlarged diameter step portion 8a on the front side is the collar 6a of the movable hub 6. The outer peripheral surface of the stepped portion 8 b having a reduced diameter on the rear side is engaged with the outer peripheral surface 6 d on the lower rear side of the flange of the movable hub 6. A hole 8 c into which the shank 5 is inserted is formed at the bottom, and the hole 8 c penetrates to the rear end of the reduced diameter portion 83 of the housing 8. The outer peripheral surface of the enlarged diameter portion 82 constitutes the outer shape of the tool 1.
The diameter-reduced portion 83 on the rear end side of the housing is formed with an internal thread 8d that is screwed with the shank 5 on its inner peripheral surface (see FIG. 3), and a ball bearing 93, a rotary shaft seal at the center of the outer peripheral surface. Swivel joints 91 and 92 are fitted through 94, and a male screw 8e to which a stopper 95 is attached is formed at the rear end of the outer peripheral surface.
A plurality of concave grooves 8 f are arranged on the circumference of the rear end surface of the housing 8, and are fitted with a plurality of convex claws 14 b formed radially on the end surface of the adjuster string 14.

Further, the housing 8 is formed with two channels 84 and 85 for supplying compressed air to the air pressure chambers 10 and 11 (see FIGS. 1 and 2).
As shown in FIG. 3, the first flow path 84 is a flow path that communicates from the first introduction chamber 912 a of the first introduction port 91 a formed in the first swivel joint 91 to the first pressure chamber 10. The flow path 85 is a flow path that communicates from the second introduction chamber 922 a of the second introduction port 92 a formed in the second swivel joint 92 to the second pressure chamber 11.

Here, two air pressure chambers (fluid pressure chambers) will be described.
As shown in FIG. 2, the first pressure chamber 10 is located in front of the collar 6 a of the movable hub 6, and the inner peripheral surface step 8 a of the housing 8, the rear end surface of the flange 81, and the collar surface of the movable hub 6. The ring-shaped cavity surrounded by the front end side outer peripheral surface 6c of the movable hub 6 is formed.
On the other hand, the second pressure chamber 11 is located behind the collar 6a of the movable hub 6, and the inner peripheral surface step portion 8a of the housing 8, the bottom portion 8d of the inner peripheral surface step portion 8a, and the rear of the movable hub 6. It is formed in a ring-shaped cavity surrounded by the end-side outer peripheral surface 6d.

  Since the first and second pressure chambers 10 and 11 are sealed with a seal member such as packing, the air pressure can be maintained even if the movable hub 6 rotates and slides. Specifically, the flow between the first pressure chamber 10 and the second pressure chamber 11 is blocked by a seal ring 22 disposed on the outer peripheral surface of the collar of the movable hub 6. In addition, the first pressure chamber 10 is hermetically sealed by the O-ring 23 disposed on the outer peripheral surface with the reduced diameter of the flange 81 and the packing 21 disposed on the outer peripheral surface 6c on the lower front end side of the movable hub 6. Yes. The second pressure chamber 11 is hermetically sealed by a packing 21 disposed on the outer peripheral surface 6d on the lower rear end side of the collar of the movable hub 6.

Therefore, if the movable hub 6 is regarded as a piston, when air is introduced into the first pressure chamber 10, the movable hub 6 moves backward through the shim ring 13 until it contacts the housing inner peripheral surface bottom 8 d. On the other hand, when air is introduced into the second pressure chamber 11, the movable hub 6 moves forward and moves until the front surface of the collar 6 a of the movable hub 6 contacts the end surface of the flange 81.
With this configuration, it is possible to change the slide movement amount of the movable hub 6 by changing the thickness and the number of the shim rings 13, adjust the amount of change in the tool diameter, and set an appropriate burnishing allowance. Become.

FIG. 3 is a partially enlarged view of FIG. 1 for explaining the rear end side of the tool.
As shown in FIG. 3, the swivel joint 9 includes a first swivel joint 91, a second swivel joint 92, a ball bearing 93, a rotating shaft seal 94, and a stopper 95.

The first swivel joint 91 has a thick cylindrical shape and includes a first introduction port 91a. The first introduction port 91a includes a first introduction chamber 912a and a first communication hole 911a that communicates from the outer peripheral surface to the first introduction chamber 912a. A flow path is formed from the first introduction chamber 912 a to the first pressure chamber 10 via the first flow path 84 of the housing 8. The first swivel joint 91 has a stepped portion with a reduced diameter on the rear end side of the outer peripheral surface, and the stepped portion and the stepped portion on the front end side of the inner peripheral surface of the second swivel joint 92 are fitted. Together, they are combined.
A ball bearing 93 is fitted on the front end side of the inner peripheral surface of the first swivel joint 91 and is configured to be rotatable with respect to the housing 8. A rotary shaft seal 94 is disposed on both sides of the first introduction chamber 912a connected to the first communication hole 911a, ensuring airtightness of the first introduction chamber 912a and the first introduction chamber 912a and the second introduction chamber 912a. The introduction chamber 922a is isolated.

The second swivel joint 92 has a thick cylindrical shape and includes a second introduction port 92a. The second introduction port 92a includes a second introduction chamber 922a and a second communication hole 921a that communicates from the outer peripheral surface to the second introduction chamber 922a. A flow path is formed from the second introduction chamber 922 a to the second pressure chamber 11 via the second flow path 85 of the housing 8.
A ball bearing 93 is fitted on the rear end side of the inner peripheral surface of the second swivel joint 92 and is configured to be rotatable with respect to the housing 8. In addition, rotary shaft seals 94 are disposed on both sides of the second introduction chamber 922a connected to the second communication hole 921a, ensuring airtightness of the second introduction chamber 922a, and the first introduction chamber 912a and the second introduction chamber 912a. Distribution with the introduction chamber 922a is blocked.

  The first swivel joint 91 and the second swivel joint 92 are attached to the outer peripheral surface of the rear end side of the housing 8 via a ball bearing 93 in a state of being connected by a connecting bolt 96, and are rotatable with respect to the housing 8. It is fixed with a stopper 95. The stopper 95 has a ring shape, and an internal thread that is screwed into the housing 8 is formed on the inner peripheral surface, and a set screw hole 95a is formed on the outer peripheral surface.

An adjust ring 14 is provided behind the housing 8. The adjust ring 14 has a disk-like ring shape, and the inner peripheral surface is inserted into the shank 5. Moreover, the screw hole 14a is provided in the outer peripheral surface so that it may reach an inner peripheral surface from an outer peripheral surface. A set screw 14c is fitted into the screw hole 14a to fix the shank 5 and the adjust ring 14 together.
The adjuster string 14 is provided with a plurality of convex claws 14b on the end face facing the rear end face of the housing 8, and the claws 14b are fitted into the recessed grooves 8f on the rear end face of the housing 8 so that the housing 8 8 is fixed to the shank 5 so as to be integrally rotatable.

Here, the tool diameter adjusting mechanism will be described with reference to FIGS.
The tool diameter adjusting mechanism adjusts the tool diameter by adjusting the fitting positional relationship between the taper along the axial direction formed on the outer peripheral surface of the roller 2 and the taper surface formed on the inner peripheral surface of the head 4. It is a mechanism to do.
That is, since the roller 2 is fixed to the shank 5 via the frame 3, when the head 4 is moved forward relative to the roller 2, the tapered surface of the inner peripheral surface of the head 4 whose diameter is reduced is the roller. 2, the tool diameter is reduced. On the other hand, when the head 4 is moved backward with respect to the roller 2, the tool diameter D increases. A mechanism for moving the head 4 forward or backward means a tool diameter adjusting mechanism.
Specifically, the inner peripheral surface of the housing 8 is screwed to the outer peripheral surface of the central portion of the shank 5, and the head 4 is connected to the housing 8 via the flange 81 and the movable hub 6. The tool diameter D can be adjusted by rotating the housing 8 relative to the shank 5 to move the head 4 forward or backward and adjust the positional relationship between the head 4 and the roller 2. With the adjustment mechanism of the tool diameter D, an appropriate burnishing margin can be set in advance for the pre-working dimension of the workpiece. After the adjustment of the tool diameter D, the claw of the adjuster string 14 and the groove 8f on the end face of the housing are fitted, and the adjuster string 14 is fixed to the shank 5 with the set screw 14c of the adjuster string 14.

Then, the structure of air piping is demonstrated.
FIG. 4 is a view showing air piping introduced into the introduction port of the tool according to the present embodiment. As shown in FIG. 4, the air source is connected to the A port from the P port of the switching valve CV via the air conditioning AC, and the first communication hole 911a of the first introduction port 91a and the first introduction chamber 912a are connected. Then, the pressure air is supplied from the first flow path 84 of the housing 8 to the first pressure chamber 10. On the other hand, when the pressure air is supplied to the first pressure chamber 10, the movable hub 6 moves rearward, and accordingly, the air in the second pressure chamber 11 passes through the second flow path 85 of the housing 8 and is second. The swivel joint enters the second introduction chamber 922a of the second introduction port 92a, travels from the B port to the R port of the switching valve CV via the second communication hole 921a, and is discharged into the atmosphere. When following this path, the tool diameter D is shifted to the enlargement side.

Further, by detecting the position of the tool at a predetermined position on the work surface Wa by a position signal, a dog or the like, and operating the switching valve CV, pressure air is supplied to the second pressure chamber 11 to move the movable hub. 6 can be advanced, and the tool diameter can be switched to the reduction side.
Here, the air conditioning AC is composed of an air filter, an air regulator, and the like. The switching valve CV can be switched electrically or mechanically by a position sensor, dog, M code, or the like using a solenoid valve or a mechanical valve. In this embodiment, a roller lever type 5-port mechanical valve is used.

Furthermore, an example of an air piping jig used for this tool will be described. 5 and 6 are diagrams showing the configuration of the air piping jig, FIG. 5 is a front view, and FIG. 6 is a side view.
As shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, a coupler 151 is connected to the first introduction port 91a and the second introduction port 92a to introduce air from the switching valve CV. The swivel joints 91 and 92 are held from the jig frame 152 via the arm 153.
A dog plate 154 is connected to the arm 153. When the dog plate 154 contacts the roller lever CVa of the switching valve CV (see FIG. 6), the valve is switched at that position.
In the present embodiment, the torque converter processing jig is shown, but the configuration of the air piping jig is appropriately determined according to the shape of the workpiece.

Next, the operation of the roller burnishing tool according to the first embodiment will be described.
FIG. 7 is a process diagram showing a processing procedure for explaining the operation of this tool, where (a) is before the start of processing, (b) is the processing start position, (c) is the tool diameter change position, (d ) Indicates the processing end position. In this figure, for the sake of convenience, it is assumed that the workpiece is fixed to the bed of the processing machine and the tool 1 is mounted on the spindle shaft of a processing machine such as a machining center.

As shown in FIG. 7A, since air is introduced (P) into the first pressure chamber 10 and air in the second pressure chamber 11 is discharged (R) before processing, the head 4 is shown in the drawing. The rear end side of the flange surface of the movable hub 6 is in contact with the shim ring 13 (see FIG. 2). In this initial setting state, the diameter difference is adjusted by the shim ring 13 (see FIG. 1), and for example, the burnishing margin is set to 0.075 mm for the work surface Wa of the workpiece.
In this state, as shown in FIG. 7B, the tip of the roller 2 reaches the work surface Wa of the workpiece, the burnishing is started, and the tool is further processed to the position shown in FIG. 7C. Advancing with the machine and burnishing the workpiece entrance. Since the plastic flow of the metal surface tends to occur at the work entrance, the burnishing margin at this location is set slightly smaller than the other portions.

When the tool reaches the position shown in FIG. 7C, the roller lever CVa comes into contact with the dog plate 154 (see FIG. 6), and the roller lever CVa is operated to switch the valve port (see FIG. 4). FIG. 7C shows the switched state. Specifically, when air is introduced into the second pressure chamber 11 and the movable hub 6 is shifted downward in the drawing, the head 4 moves forward and the pressure roller 2 moves backward relatively. Therefore, the diameter-reduced portion of the inner peripheral surface taper of the head 4 comes into contact with the outer peripheral surface of the rolling roller 2, the tool diameter is reduced, and the burnishing margin is increased.
In the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 7D, the burnishing margin after switching is set to 0.1 mm. In addition, the range of the workpiece entrance from the position in FIG. 7B to the position in FIG. 7C is 1 mm as an example, but these set values are in accordance with the material of the workpiece and the pre-worked state. Thus, it is determined as appropriate after trial processing.

In this way, the tool diameter variable burnishing tool reduces the tool machining diameter by setting a small burnishing margin at the workpiece entrance where plastic flow is likely to occur, and switching the valve at the position that passes through that part. And the burnishing bill is increasing.
As a result, at the workpiece entrance where plastic flow is likely to occur, the burnishing margin is reduced to prevent plastic flow, while changing the tool diameter to ensure normal burnishing allowance when passing through that location. By doing so, it is possible to improve the machining performance and prevent the bulge due to plastic flow, and to finish a flatter and better machined surface.
The state of this processed surface is shown in FIG. FIG. 8A is a graph showing the state of the surface to be processed before processing, and FIG. 8B is a graph showing the state of the surface to be processed when processing is performed with this tool diameter variable burnishing tool. In these graphs, the vertical axis indicates the surface roughness, and the horizontal axis indicates the position of the workpiece. Comparing FIG. 8B and FIG. 11B, it can be seen that according to the present tool, the machining surface of the workpiece entrance portion can be prevented from rising.

[Second Embodiment]
Next, a second embodiment according to the present invention will be described. The second embodiment is a variable tool diameter roller burnishing tool for inner diameter processing, and the technical idea is the same as that of the outer diameter processing roller burnishing tool according to the first embodiment. I will explain only.

  FIG. 9 is a half sectional view for explaining the configuration of the roller burnishing tool according to the second embodiment. As shown in FIG. 9, a tool diameter variable type roller burnishing tool 1 ′ for inner diameter processing includes a shank 5 ′, a pressure roller 2 ′, a frame 3 ′ on which the pressure roller 2 ′ is mounted, and a pressure roller. A head 4 ′ fitted to be inscribed in the roller 2 ′, a movable hub 6 ′ integrally connected to the head 4 ′ and slidable with respect to the shank 5 ′, and rotatable with respect to the shank 5 ′ And a swivel joint 9 'having a first introduction port 91a' and a second introduction port 92a ', and the first pressure chamber 10' and the second introduction port 92a 'from the first introduction port 91a' and the second introduction port 92a ', respectively. The first flow path 84 ′ and the second flow path 85 ′ communicate with the two pressure chambers 11 ′, and a tool diameter adjusting mechanism.

The shank 5 'is configured as a stepped shaft with the diameter of the front side of the outer peripheral surface being increased and the diameter of the rear side being slightly reduced. The outer peripheral surface having an enlarged diameter on the front side is a holding portion of the swivel joint 9 ', and the rear side is a mounting portion 5c' to be mounted on the processing machine.
The front end side of the shank 5 'is formed with a half-stop hole, and has a bottomed cylindrical shape. A movable hub 6' is slidably mounted in the shank axis direction on the inner peripheral surface of the hole. ing.
In the present embodiment, the housing is not configured, and the first flow path 84 ′ and the second flow path 85 ′ formed in the shank 5 ′ from the introduction ports 91 a ′ and 92 a ′ of the swivel joint 9 ′. And communicated directly to the first pressure chamber 10 'and the second pressure chamber 11', respectively.

The movable hub 6 ′ has a bottomed cylindrical shape, and a collar is formed on the outer peripheral surface near the center. The outer peripheral surface of the collar is connected to the inner periphery of the shank 5 ′ via the packing 21 ′. It is closely fitted to the surface. On the other hand, the head shaft 42 'is screwed and fixed to the inner peripheral surface side of the movable hub 6'. Further, a taper head 41 'disposed so as to be inscribed in the roller 2' is connected to the head shaft 42 '.
As described above, in the present embodiment, the movable hub 6 'is connected to the head 4' configured to include the taper head 41 'and the head shaft 42', and the taper is moved by the sliding movement of the movable hub 6 '. The tool diameter D ′ is changed by moving the head 41 ′ relative to the roller 2 ′.
Here, the tool diameter D ′ for outer diameter processing refers to the processing diameter of rolling by a tool, and means the diameter of a circumscribed circle of a plurality of rollers 2 ′ arranged on the circumference (see FIG. 9). ).
In the present embodiment, the outer peripheral surface of the movable hub 6 ′ is provided with a collar, but the present invention is not limited to this, and it is not always necessary to form a collar.

  The head shaft 42 ′ has a cylindrical shape having stepped portions with reduced diameters at the front end portion and the rear end portion. The step 42a 'at the front end is formed with a male screw, and the taper head 41 is screwed in. 42b 'and a movable hub 6' are screwed and fixed to the stepped portion at the rear end. A key groove 43b 'is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the center, and the key 44' is press-fitted.

  The head holder 43 ′ is formed in a cylindrical shape having a flange on the outer peripheral surface. The inner peripheral surface of the head holder 43 ′ has a through hole into which the head shaft 42 ′ is inserted, and a key groove is formed with a halfway stop from the front end side of the inner peripheral surface.

In the present embodiment, the head shaft 42 ′, the head holder 43 ′, and the shank 5 ′ are configured to be integrally rotatable.
That is, the head shaft 42 'is fitted and held on the inner peripheral surface of the head holder 43', and the head holder 43 'is fitted on the inner peripheral surface of the hole formed on the front end side of the shank 5'. The holes are arranged so as to close the holes, and are fixed by fixing bolts 45 '.
The head holder 43 ′ and the head shaft 42 ′ are connected by a key 44 ′ press-fitted into the head shaft 42 ′. Therefore, the head holder 43 ′ and the head shaft 42 ′ can be rotated together. It is configured to be slidable along.

  A male screw is formed on the front lower outer peripheral surface 43a 'of the head holder 43' and is screwed with a female screw on the inner peripheral surface of the adjusting ring 34 '.

The adjustment ring 34 ′ is formed in a cylindrical shape with a bottom, the outer peripheral surface forms the outer shape of the tool, the front end is slightly reduced in diameter, and a male screw is formed. A cover 33 'is screwed onto the male screw. A thrust bearing 36 'is incorporated in the bottom of the inner peripheral surface of the adjustment ring 34' whose diameter has been expanded, and the frame holder 32 'is rotatably held. Further, a female thread is formed on the inner peripheral surface of the rear portion of the adjusting ring 34 'whose diameter has been reduced, and is engaged with the outer peripheral surface 43a' of the flange of the head holder 43 'and locked by the fixing ring 37'. Yes.
The cover 33 ′ is formed in a ring shape, and has a step portion on the inner peripheral surface, and a female screw is formed on the step portion, and is screwed into the front end of the adjustment ring 34 ′.

Next, a configuration on the tool front end side according to the present embodiment will be described.
The frame 3 'includes a frame head 31' and a frame holder 32 'connected to the frame head 31'. The frame head 31 'has a cylindrical shape, and a roller is mounted on the circumference at the front.
The frame holder 32 'has a cylindrical shape, and has three step portions 32a', 32b ', and 32c' on the outer peripheral surface thereof. This step portion 31a 'constitutes the outer surface of the tool, and a male screw is formed at the front end portion thereof, and the frame head 31' is screwed therein. The inner peripheral surface of the cover 33 ′ is fitted to the stepped portion 32 b ′. A spring 35 ′ is disposed between the cover 33 ′ and the rear flange surface of the frame holder 32 ′ facing the cover 33 ′, and urges the roller 2 ′ backward.

  The tool diameter adjusting mechanism according to the present embodiment adjusts the tool diameter by rotating the adjustment ring 34 'screwed to the head holder 43a' to move the roller 2 'relative to the head 4'. It is configured to do.

As in the first embodiment, the tool diameter switching mechanism is configured to slide the movable hub 6 ′ in the axial direction by introducing or discharging compressed air into the first pressure chamber 10 ′ and the second pressure chamber 11 ′. It is said.
Further, the cylinder portion in this embodiment (corresponding to the “cylinder portion” described in claim 1) is mainly composed of a shank 5 ′ and a head holder 43 ′, and the inside of a hole formed on the front end side of the shank 5 ′. A first pressure chamber 10 'and a second pressure chamber 11' are formed. Specifically, the first pressure chamber 10 'is formed at the front of the movable hub 6', and the inner peripheral surface of the hole of the shank 5 ', the rear end surface of the head holder 43a', the head shaft 42 ', and It is a ring-shaped pressure chamber surrounded by the movable hub 6 ′, and the second pressure chamber 11 ′ is formed at the rear part of the movable hub 6 ′. The inner peripheral surface of the hole of the shank 5 ′, the shank 5 ′ hole This is a disk-shaped pressure chamber surrounded by the bottom of the inner peripheral surface of the inner peripheral surface of the movable hub 6 ′ and the rear end surface of the movable hub 6 ′.

The first channel 84 ′ and the second channel 85 ′ in the present embodiment are formed in the shank 5 ′. That is, the first flow path 84 ′ communicating from the first introduction port 91 a ′ formed in the first swivel joint 91 ′ to the first pressure chamber 10 ′ penetrates from the outer peripheral surface of the shank 5 to the inner peripheral surface side. The ring-shaped first introduction chamber 912a ′ formed in the first introduction port 91a ′ reaches the first pressure chamber 10 ′.
On the other hand, a second flow path 85 ′ that leads from the second introduction port 92 a ′ formed in the second swivel joint 92 ′ to the second pressure chamber 11 ′ is disposed behind the first flow path 84 ′, and the shank 5 ′. From the outer peripheral surface to the inner peripheral surface side, and reaches the second pressure chamber 11 'from the ring-shaped second introduction chamber 922a' formed in the second introduction port 92a '.

The embodiment that seems to be the best of the present invention has been described above. However, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and can be implemented with appropriate modifications within the scope of the same technical idea.
For example, in the present embodiment, air is employed as the fluid. However, in the invention according to claim 1, hydraulic pressure can also be used. It can be arbitrarily selected from various conditions such as the contents of the existing equipment and the control speed.

It is a figure which shows the structure of the tool diameter variable type | mold roller burnishing tool which concerns on 1st Embodiment, (a) is a left view which shows the tool front end side, (b) is a front view which shows a half section. It is the elements on larger scale of FIG. 1 which shows the structure of the burnishing tool front end side concerning 1st Embodiment. It is the elements on larger scale of FIG. 1 which shows the structure of the rear part side of the burnishing tool which concerns on 1st Embodiment. It is a figure which shows the structure of air piping. It is a front view which shows the structure of an air piping jig. It is a side view which shows the structure of an air piping jig. It is process drawing which shows the process sequence for demonstrating the effect | action of the burnishing tool which concerns on 1st Embodiment, (a) is before a process start, (b) is a process start position, (c) is a change position of a tool diameter. , (D) shows the processing end position. It is a graph which shows the state of the processing surface by the burnishing tool which concerns on 1st Embodiment. It is a half sectional view showing the composition of the tool diameter variable type roller burnishing tool concerning a 2nd embodiment. It is a figure for demonstrating the process by the conventional burnishing tool. It is a graph which shows the state of the processing surface by the conventional burnishing tool.

Explanation of symbols

1, 1 'roller burnishing tool 2, 2' roller 3, 3 'frame 31' frame head 32 'frame holder 33' cover 34 'adjustment ring 35' spring 36 'thrust bearing 37' fixing ring 4, 4 'head 41' Tapered head 42 ′ Head shaft 43 ′ Head holder 44 ′ Key 45 ′ Fixing bolt 5, 5 ′ Shank 6, 6 ′ Movable hub 8 Housing 81 Flange 82 Expanded portion 83 Reduced portion 84, 84 ′ First flow path 85, 85 'second flow path 9, 9' swivel joint 91, 91 'first swivel joint 91a, 91a' first inlet 911a, 911a 'first communication hole 912a, 912a' first introduction chamber 92, 92 'second Swivel joints 92a, 92a ′ second introduction ports 921a, 921a ′ second communication holes 922a, 922a Second introduction chamber 93, 93 ′ Ball bearing 94 Rotating shaft seal 95 Stopper 96 Connecting bolt 10, 10 ′ First pressure chamber 11, 11 ′ Second pressure chamber 14 Adjust string 16 Distance block 18 Mounting bolt 19 Fixing bolt 21 Packing 22 Seal ring 23 O-ring AC Air-conditioning CV switching valve θ Taper angle D, D 'Tool diameter

Claims (4)

A shank to be mounted on the processing machine, a cylindrical frame that is coaxially and rotatably coupled to the tip side of the shank, a plurality of rollers that are rotatably mounted on the circumference of the frame, and have a taper; in contact outside the plurality of rollers, comprising a taper corresponding to the taper of said roller, and a said shank integrally rotatable head, said roller and said head relative to said shank axis, A tool diameter variable type roller burnishing tool equipped with a tool diameter adjustment mechanism that adjusts the tool diameter by sliding relatively.
A movable hub that is integrally coupled to the frame or the head on which the roller is mounted, and is externally fitted to the shank so as to be slidable in the shank axial direction;
A cylinder portion formed so as to surround the movable hub, and holding the movable hub slidably in the shank axis direction;
Two independent fluid pressure chambers formed inside and outside the movable hub, with the movable hub as a partition,
A swivel joint that has fluid inlets communicating with the fluid pressure chambers, and is rotatably fitted to the shank shaft;
Two flow paths formed in the cylinder portion communicating from the inlet to the fluid pressure chambers ,
The head is formed in a cylindrical shape, and is fitted to a frame on which the rollers are mounted such that an inner peripheral surface thereof circumscribes the plurality of rollers.
The movable hub is formed in a cylindrical shape having a flange on an outer peripheral surface, is integrally coupled with the head, and is externally fitted to the shank so as to be slidable in the shank axial direction.
The cylinder portion is configured by a housing that is externally fitted to the shank so as to be integrally rotatable, and the outer peripheral surface of the collar of the movable hub is slidably held by the inner peripheral surface of the housing,
The two independent fluid pressure chambers are formed on the front and rear of the collar with the collar of the movable hub as a partition, respectively, and the tool diameter variable type roller burnishing tool for processing the outer peripheral surface. A shank to be mounted on the processing machine, a cylindrical frame that is coaxially and rotatably coupled to the tip side of the shank, a plurality of rollers that are rotatably mounted on the circumference of the frame, and have a taper; It has a taper corresponding to the taper of the roller so as to be inscribed in the plurality of rollers, and has a head that can rotate integrally with the shank, and the roller and the head are in the shank axial direction. A tool diameter variable type roller burnishing tool equipped with a tool diameter adjustment mechanism that adjusts the tool diameter by sliding relatively .
A movable hub that is integrally coupled to the frame or the head on which the roller is mounted, and is slidable in the shank axis direction, and is mounted in the shank;
A cylinder portion formed so as to surround the movable hub, and holding the movable hub slidably in the shank axis direction;
Two independent fluid pressure chambers formed inside and outside the movable hub, with the movable hub as a partition,
A swivel joint that has fluid inlets communicating with the fluid pressure chambers, and is rotatably fitted to the shank shaft;
Two flow paths formed in the cylinder portion communicating from the inlet to the fluid pressure chambers,
The head is formed in a rod shape, and is fitted to a frame on which the rollers are mounted such that an outer peripheral surface thereof is inscribed in the plurality of rollers.
On the front end side of the shank, an intermediate stop hole is formed in the shank axial direction, and a cylindrical head holder having an inner peripheral surface is fixed to the front end side of the shank so as to close the hole,
The movable hub is disposed in the shank hole so as to be slidable in the shank axial direction, and is slidably penetrated through the inner peripheral surface of the head holder so as to reach the hole of the cylinder. Are integrally coupled to the head,
Said cylinder unit, e Bei said shank, and the head holder,
The inner peripheral surface of the head holder and the outer peripheral surface of the head are connected with a key, and the head is configured to be slidable along the key while the shank and the head rotate together. Tool diameter variable type roller burnishing tool for inner peripheral surface machining. Tool-diameter variations roller burnishing tool according to claim 1 or claim 2, characterized in that a shim rings in a direction to restrict the sliding movement of the shank axis direction on at least one of the two fluid pressure chambers . The tool pressure variable type roller burnishing tool according to any one of claims 1 to 3 , wherein the pressure fluid is air or an inert gas.

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