JP4260314B2 - Method for producing sulfosuccinic acid monoester - Google Patents

Method for producing sulfosuccinic acid monoester Download PDF

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Publication number
JP4260314B2
JP4260314B2 JP33973599A JP33973599A JP4260314B2 JP 4260314 B2 JP4260314 B2 JP 4260314B2 JP 33973599 A JP33973599 A JP 33973599A JP 33973599 A JP33973599 A JP 33973599A JP 4260314 B2 JP4260314 B2 JP 4260314B2
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Prior art keywords
acid monoester
sulfosuccinic acid
monoester
sulfite
oxide adduct
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JP33973599A
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JP2001158768A (en
Inventor
博之 山田
茂之 宮本
政昭 岩橋
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Kao Corp
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Kao Corp
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Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明はシャンプー用基剤等に使用される従来よりも臭いの改善されたスルホコハク酸モノエステルの製造方法に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術及び発明が解決しようとする課題】
スルホコハク酸モノエステルは低刺激性であることから、最近シャンプー用基剤等として評価されつつあるが、品質面、特に臭気については必ずしも充分満足できるものではないのが現状である。
【0003】
一般にスルホコハク酸モノエステルの製造方法としては、次の反応式で示す如く無水マレイン酸とエトキシレート等のアルコール類とよりモノエステルを合成し、これにスルホン化剤当モル量を水の存在下反応させてスルホコハク酸モノエステルを合成する方法が広く知られている。
【0004】
【化1】

Figure 0004260314
【0005】
低臭性のスルホコハク酸モノエステルを製造するためには種々の条件が満たされることが必要であるが、その中でも重要な点の一つはスルホコハク酸モノエステル中に含有されるエトキシレート量を低下させること、すなわち、
▲1▼ エトキシレートのモノエステルへの転化率を上げること
▲2▼ スルホン化工程においてマレイン酸モノエステル及び生成したスルホコハク酸モノエステルを加水分解させないこと
である。
【0006】
一方、従来エトキシレートを原料としたスルホコハク酸モノエステルは同じ陰イオン性界面活性剤であるアルキルエーテルサルフェート等に比べて通常多量(10モル%程度)の未反応エトキシレートを含み、臭気の点では満足されるものではなかった(エトキシレートのスルホコハク酸モノエステルへの転化率は88%程度が限界であった。)。
【0007】
シャンプー基剤用には臭気及び刺激性の点よりスルホコハク酸モノエステルの残存エトキシレートはできる限り少なくする方が好ましいのは明らかである。
【0008】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明者らは低臭性のスルホコハク酸モノエステルの製造方法を確立すべく鋭意検討した結果、アルコールの炭素数2〜4のアルキレンオキシド付加物(以下オキシド付加物と記す)のモノエステルへの転化率96%以上のモノエステル化物とスルホン化剤とを特定のスルホン化反応条件にてスルホン化反応を行い、次いで過剰の亜硫酸塩を過酸化水素で処理することにより低臭性のスルホコハク酸モノエステルが得られることを見出し本発明を完成するに至った。
【0009】
すなわち本発明は、一般式 RO-(AO)n-H
(式中、Rは炭素数8〜20の直鎖又は分岐鎖のアルキル基及び/又はアルケニル基、Aは炭素数2〜4のアルキレン基、nは平均値が1〜10の数を表す。)
で表されるアルコールのアルキレンオキシド付加物(以下オキシド付加物と記す)と無水マレイン酸を反応させて得られる、オキシド付加物のモノエステルへの転化率が96%以上のマレイン酸モノエステルと、亜硫酸アルカリ金属塩及び/又はアルカリ金属水酸化物を含有する酸性亜硫酸アルカリ金属塩(以下スルホン化剤と記す)とを、スルホン化剤/モノエステルのモル比を1.10〜1.30として水の存在下且つ不活性ガス雰囲気下に90℃以下の温度で反応させ、その後過剰の亜硫酸塩を過酸化水素で処理することを特徴とするスルホコハク酸モノエステルの製造方法を提供するものである。
【0010】
【発明の実施の形態】
本発明に使用されるオキシド付加物の原料となるアルコールとしては炭素数8〜20を有するものが好ましく、例えばオクタノール、デカノール、ドデカノール、テトラデカノール、ヘキサデカノール、オクタデカノール、オレイルアルコール等が挙げられ、直鎖又は分岐鎖のいずれのものでもよい。また、アルコールへのアルキレンオキシドの平均付加モル数は1〜10が好ましく、アルキレンオキシドの付加を行う際に使用するアルカリ金属水酸化物は低臭もしくは無臭の有機酸で中和するか又は未中和のままエステル化反応に供するのが望ましい。
【0011】
本発明において無水マレイン酸とオキシド付加物とのモノエステル化反応はマレイン酸ジエステルを副生させないためにも85℃以下にて行うことが望ましい。また、エステル化時の着色と臭い悪化を防ぐためには不活性ガス雰囲気下で反応を行うことが不可欠である。尚、オキシド付加物に対する無水マレイン酸のモル比は、
(無水マレイン酸)/(オキシド付加物)=1.05〜1.15が適当である。
【0012】
本発明においてオキシド付加物のモノエステルへの転化率は96%以上であることが重要であり、これよりも低い場合は低臭のスルホコハク酸モノエステルは得られない。またスルホン化工程においてモノエステルに対してスルホン化剤の使用量はモル比にて1.10〜1.30モル倍過剰に用いることが重要である。反応モル比が1.10より小さい場合にはオキシド付加物のスルホコハク酸モノエステルへの転化率は90%以下となり、所望の低臭のスルホコハク酸モノエステルは得られない。また反応モル比が1.30より大きい場合には残存亜硫酸塩が必要以上に増加するため好ましくない。
【0013】
またスルホン化剤はモノエステルの原料である無水マレイン酸に対して少なくとも等モル以上、特に1.03〜1.10モル倍過剰に用いるのが適当である。
【0014】
スルホン化反応は水の存在下且つ不活性ガス雰囲気下、好ましくは窒素雰囲気下に90℃以下の温度で行われるが、水の量は仕込み重量中の60〜80重量%が適当である。
【0015】
本発明においてスルホン化反応時の温度が90℃を越えるとマレイン酸モノエステル及び生成したスルホコハク酸モノエステルの加水分解が起こりオキシド付加物が再生するためオキシド付加物のスルホコハク酸モノエステルへの転化率が90%以上にならない。この場合には低臭性のスルホコハク酸モノエステルが得られないので90℃以下でスルホン化反応を行うことが必要であるが、反応温度は特に60〜80℃が好ましい。
【0016】
本発明においてスルホン化工程で用いた過剰のスルホン化剤は亜硫酸塩として反応物に残存し、保存中に空気酸化により硫酸塩となり、pH低下の原因となるため、スルホン化後過酸化水素処理の工程が必要になる。過酸化水素使用量は残存亜硫酸塩に対して0.96〜0.98当量程度が望ましく、反応物中の残存亜硫酸塩を0.05重量%以下とすることが重要である。この際、必要に応じアルカリにより中和してもよい。もし過酸化水素が過剰となった場合はスルホコハク酸モノエステルの臭いが明らかに悪くなる。また反応物中の亜硫酸塩残存量が0.05重量%を越えるとシャンプー中の色素退色の一因となる。
【0017】
本発明においてエステル化もしくはスルホン化工程でBHT等の酸化防止剤を添加することはスルホコハク酸モノエステルのアルデヒド臭の発生の防止に大きな効果がある。
【0018】
【発明の効果】
本発明の方法によれば極めて低臭性のスルホコハク酸モノエステルが製造でき、このようにして得られるスルホコハク酸モノエステルはシャンプー基剤として最適である。
【0019】
【実施例】
以下実施例にて本発明を説明するが、本発明はこれらの実施例に限定されるものではない。
【0020】
実施例1
0.01モルのアルカリ金属イオンを含むラウリルアルコールのエチレンオキシド平均3モル付加物を1モルと無水マレイン酸1.1モルを窒素雰囲気中で80℃で5Hr反応させた。更に別の反応器に亜硫酸ナトリウム1.15モルと水1100g、BHT 0.16g、クエン酸Na 1.7gを仕込み、約50℃に昇温後、先のエステル化物を仕込み、70℃で5Hr反応させた。次に残存する亜硫酸塩(JIS K8061の方法に準じて測定)に対して0.97当量の過酸化水素で処理を行った。
【0021】
エトキシレートのスルホコハク酸モノエステルへの転化率、スルホン化条件及び得られたスルホコハク酸モノエステルの臭いの評価を表1に示す。
【0022】
実施例2
実施例1においてモノエステル化反応時間を3Hrとした以外は実施例1と同様に行った。その結果を表1に示す。
【0023】
実施例3
実施例2においてスルホン化剤/モノエステルモル比を1.10とした以外は実施例2と同様に行った。その結果を表1に示す。
【0024】
実施例4
0.03モルのアルカリ金属イオンを含むC12-13のオキソアルコール(MW=194)のプロピレンオキシド平均2モル付加物を1モルと無水マレイン酸1.1モルを窒素雰囲気中で80℃で8Hr反応させた。更に別の反応器に亜硫酸ナトリウム1.15モルと水1000g、BHT 0.15g、クエン酸Na 1.6gを仕込み、約50℃に昇温後、先のエステル化物を仕込み、70℃で5Hr反応させた。次に残存する亜硫酸塩に対して0.97当量の過酸化水素で処理を行った。その結果を表1に示す。
【0025】
実施例5
0.03モルのアルカリ金属イオンを含むラウリルアルコールのエチレンオキシド1モル付加物に、更にプロピレンオキシドを1モル付加したものを合成し、この付加物1モルと無水マレイン酸1.1モルを窒素雰囲気中で80℃で8Hr反応させた。更に別の反応器に亜硫酸ナトリウム1.15モルと水1000g、BHT 0.15g、クエン酸Na 1.6gを仕込み、70℃で5Hr反応させた。次に残存する亜硫酸塩に対して0.97当量の過酸化水素で処理を行った。その結果を表1に示す。
【0026】
比較例1
実施例1においてモノエステル化反応時間を1Hrとした以外は実施例1と同様に行った。その結果を表1に示す。
【0027】
比較例2
実施例1においてスルホン化剤のモル比を1.05とした以外は実施例2と同様に行った。その結果を表1に示す。
【0028】
比較例3
実施例1においてスルホン化反応温度を100℃とした以外は実施例1と同様に行った。この場合スルホコハク酸モノエステルへの転化率が時間と共に低下しているのは生成したスルホコハク酸モノエステルの加水分解が進行していることを意味する。その結果を表1に示す。
【0029】
比較例4
実施例4においてモノエステル化反応時間を3Hrとした以外は実施例4と同様に行った。その結果を表1に示す。
【0030】
比較例5
実施例5においてモノエステル化反応時間を4Hrとした以外は実施例5と同様に行った。その結果を表1に示す。
【0031】
【表1】
Figure 0004260314
【0032】
注)
*1:EO…エチレンオキシド、PO…プロピレンオキシド
【0033】
【数1】
Figure 0004260314
【0034】
【数2】
Figure 0004260314
【0035】
【数3】
Figure 0004260314
【0036】
*5:臭いの評価
評価基準(10人のパネラーにより判定した)
○…無臭 ×…臭気有り[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a method for producing a sulfosuccinic acid monoester having improved odor compared to the prior art, which is used for a shampoo base or the like.
[0002]
[Prior art and problems to be solved by the invention]
Since sulfosuccinic acid monoester is hypoallergenic, it has recently been evaluated as a shampoo base and the like. However, the quality, particularly odor, is not always satisfactory.
[0003]
In general, as a method for producing a sulfosuccinic acid monoester, a monoester is synthesized from maleic anhydride and an alcohol such as ethoxylate as shown in the following reaction formula, and an equimolar amount of a sulfonating agent is reacted in the presence of water. And a method for synthesizing a sulfosuccinic acid monoester is widely known.
[0004]
[Chemical 1]
Figure 0004260314
[0005]
In order to produce a low odor sulfosuccinic acid monoester, it is necessary to satisfy various conditions, but one of the important points is to reduce the amount of ethoxylate contained in the sulfosuccinic acid monoester. That is,
(1) To increase the conversion rate of ethoxylate to monoester (2) To prevent hydrolysis of maleic acid monoester and produced sulfosuccinic acid monoester in the sulfonation step.
[0006]
On the other hand, conventional sulfosuccinic acid monoesters using ethoxylate as a raw material usually contain a large amount (about 10 mol%) of unreacted ethoxylate compared to alkyl ether sulfate, which is the same anionic surfactant, in terms of odor. It was not satisfactory (the limit of conversion of ethoxylate to sulfosuccinic acid monoester was about 88%).
[0007]
For shampoo bases, it is clear that it is preferable to reduce the residual ethoxylate of sulfosuccinic acid monoester as much as possible from the viewpoint of odor and irritation.
[0008]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
As a result of intensive studies to establish a method for producing a low odor sulfosuccinic acid monoester, the present inventors have found that an alkylene oxide adduct having 2 to 4 carbon atoms (hereinafter referred to as an oxide adduct) of alcohol to a monoester. Sulfonating monosulfide with a conversion rate of 96% or more and sulfonating agent under specific sulfonation reaction conditions and then treating excess sulfite with hydrogen peroxide to reduce the low odor of sulfosuccinic acid mono The inventors found that an ester was obtained and completed the present invention.
[0009]
That is, the present invention has the general formula RO- (AO) n -H
(In the formula, R represents a linear or branched alkyl group and / or alkenyl group having 8 to 20 carbon atoms, A represents an alkylene group having 2 to 4 carbon atoms, and n represents a number having an average value of 1 to 10. )
A maleic acid monoester having a conversion of the oxide adduct to a monoester of 96% or more obtained by reacting an alkylene oxide adduct of alcohol represented by (hereinafter referred to as an oxide adduct) with maleic anhydride; An alkali metal sulfite (hereinafter referred to as a sulfonating agent) containing an alkali metal sulfite and / or an alkali metal hydroxide in the presence of water with a molar ratio of sulfonating agent / monoester of 1.10 to 1.30 and The present invention provides a process for producing a sulfosuccinic acid monoester characterized by reacting at 90 ° C. or less in an inert gas atmosphere and then treating excess sulfite with hydrogen peroxide.
[0010]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
As the raw material of the oxide adduct used in the present invention, those having 8 to 20 carbon atoms are preferable, and examples thereof include octanol, decanol, dodecanol, tetradecanol, hexadecanol, octadecanol, oleyl alcohol and the like. It may be a straight chain or branched chain. The average number of moles of alkylene oxide added to the alcohol is preferably 1 to 10, and the alkali metal hydroxide used when adding the alkylene oxide is neutralized with a low odor or odorless organic acid, or is not It is desirable to use in the esterification reaction as it is.
[0011]
In the present invention, the monoesterification reaction of maleic anhydride and an oxide adduct is preferably carried out at 85 ° C. or lower so as not to by-produce maleic diester. In order to prevent coloring and odor deterioration during esterification, it is essential to carry out the reaction in an inert gas atmosphere. The molar ratio of maleic anhydride to the oxide adduct is
(Maleic anhydride) / (oxide adduct) = 1.5-1.15 is suitable.
[0012]
In the present invention, it is important that the conversion rate of the oxide adduct to the monoester is 96% or more, and if it is lower than this, a low odor sulfosuccinic acid monoester cannot be obtained. In the sulfonation step, it is important that the sulfonating agent is used in a molar ratio of 1.10 to 1.30 molar excess with respect to the monoester. When the reaction molar ratio is less than 1.10, the conversion rate of the oxide adduct to the sulfosuccinic acid monoester is 90% or less, and the desired low-odor sulfosuccinic acid monoester cannot be obtained. On the other hand, when the reaction molar ratio is larger than 1.30, the residual sulfite increases more than necessary, which is not preferable.
[0013]
The sulfonating agent is suitably used in an amount of at least equimolar or more, especially 1.03 to 1.10 molar excess with respect to maleic anhydride, which is a raw material of the monoester.
[0014]
The sulfonation reaction is carried out in the presence of water and in an inert gas atmosphere, preferably in a nitrogen atmosphere at a temperature of 90 ° C. or less, and the amount of water is suitably 60 to 80% by weight in the charged weight.
[0015]
In the present invention, when the temperature during the sulfonation reaction exceeds 90 ° C., hydrolysis of the maleic acid monoester and the produced sulfosuccinic acid monoester occurs and the oxide adduct is regenerated, so that the conversion rate of the oxide adduct to the sulfosuccinic acid monoester is achieved. Does not exceed 90%. In this case, since a low odor sulfosuccinic acid monoester cannot be obtained, it is necessary to carry out the sulfonation reaction at 90 ° C. or lower, but the reaction temperature is particularly preferably 60 to 80 ° C.
[0016]
In the present invention, the excess sulfonating agent used in the sulfonation step remains in the reaction product as a sulfite, and becomes a sulfate by air oxidation during storage, causing a decrease in pH. A process is required. The amount of hydrogen peroxide used is desirably about 0.96 to 0.98 equivalent to the residual sulfite, and it is important that the residual sulfite in the reaction product is 0.05% by weight or less. At this time, it may be neutralized with an alkali if necessary. If hydrogen peroxide is excessive, the smell of sulfosuccinic acid monoester is clearly worsened. In addition, if the residual amount of sulfite in the reaction product exceeds 0.05% by weight, it causes the color fading in the shampoo.
[0017]
In the present invention, the addition of an antioxidant such as BHT in the esterification or sulfonation step has a great effect in preventing the generation of an aldehyde odor of the sulfosuccinic acid monoester.
[0018]
【The invention's effect】
According to the method of the present invention, a sulfosuccinic acid monoester having an extremely low odor can be produced, and the sulfosuccinic acid monoester thus obtained is optimal as a shampoo base.
[0019]
【Example】
EXAMPLES The present invention will be described below with reference to examples, but the present invention is not limited to these examples.
[0020]
Example 1
1 mol of an ethylene oxide average 3 mol adduct of lauryl alcohol containing 0.01 mol of alkali metal ions and 1.1 mol of maleic anhydride were reacted at 80 ° C. for 5 hours in a nitrogen atmosphere. In another reactor, 1.15 mol of sodium sulfite, 1100 g of water, 0.16 g of BHT, and 1.7 g of sodium citrate were charged, and after raising the temperature to about 50 ° C., the above esterified product was charged and reacted at 70 ° C. for 5 hours. Next, the remaining sulfite (measured according to the method of JIS K8061) was treated with 0.97 equivalent of hydrogen peroxide.
[0021]
Table 1 shows the conversion rate of ethoxylate to sulfosuccinic acid monoester, the sulfonation conditions, and the evaluation of the odor of the obtained sulfosuccinic acid monoester.
[0022]
Example 2
The same procedure as in Example 1 was performed except that the monoesterification reaction time was 3 Hr in Example 1. The results are shown in Table 1.
[0023]
Example 3
Example 2 was carried out in the same manner as in Example 2 except that the sulfonating agent / monoester molar ratio was 1.10. The results are shown in Table 1.
[0024]
Example 4
One mole of propylene oxide average 2 mole adduct of C 12-13 oxo alcohol (MW = 194) containing 0.03 mole of alkali metal ions was reacted with 1.1 mole of maleic anhydride at 80 ° C. for 8 hours in a nitrogen atmosphere. In another reactor, 1.15 mol of sodium sulfite, 1000 g of water, 0.15 g of BHT, and 1.6 g of sodium citrate were charged, and after raising the temperature to about 50 ° C., the above esterified product was charged and reacted at 70 ° C. for 5 hours. The remaining sulfite was then treated with 0.97 equivalents of hydrogen peroxide. The results are shown in Table 1.
[0025]
Example 5
A 1 mol addition of propylene oxide to a 1 mol addition of ethylene oxide of lauryl alcohol containing 0.03 mol alkali metal ion was synthesized, and 1 mol of this adduct and 1.1 mol of maleic anhydride were added at 80 ° C. in a nitrogen atmosphere. The reaction was performed for 8 hours. Furthermore, 1.15 mol of sodium sulfite, 1000 g of water, 0.15 g of BHT, and 1.6 g of Na citrate were charged in another reactor and reacted at 70 ° C. for 5 hours. The remaining sulfite was then treated with 0.97 equivalents of hydrogen peroxide. The results are shown in Table 1.
[0026]
Comparative Example 1
The same procedure as in Example 1 was performed except that the monoesterification reaction time was 1 Hr in Example 1. The results are shown in Table 1.
[0027]
Comparative Example 2
The same procedure as in Example 2 was performed except that the molar ratio of the sulfonating agent was 1.05 in Example 1. The results are shown in Table 1.
[0028]
Comparative Example 3
The same procedure as in Example 1 was conducted except that the sulfonation reaction temperature was changed to 100 ° C. in Example 1. In this case, the fact that the conversion rate to the sulfosuccinic acid monoester decreases with time means that hydrolysis of the produced sulfosuccinic acid monoester proceeds. The results are shown in Table 1.
[0029]
Comparative Example 4
The same procedure as in Example 4 was performed except that the monoesterification reaction time was 3 Hr in Example 4. The results are shown in Table 1.
[0030]
Comparative Example 5
The same procedure as in Example 5 was performed except that the monoesterification reaction time was changed to 4 Hr in Example 5. The results are shown in Table 1.
[0031]
[Table 1]
Figure 0004260314
[0032]
note)
* 1: EO ... ethylene oxide, PO ... propylene oxide [0033]
[Expression 1]
Figure 0004260314
[0034]
[Expression 2]
Figure 0004260314
[0035]
[Equation 3]
Figure 0004260314
[0036]
* 5: Evaluation criteria for odor evaluation (determined by 10 panelists)
○… Odorless ×… Odor

Claims (1)

一般式 RO-(AO)n-H
(式中、Rは炭素数8〜20の直鎖又は分岐鎖のアルキル基及び/又はアルケニル基、Aは炭素数2〜4のアルキレン基、nは平均値が1〜10の数を表す。)
で表されるアルコールのアルキレンオキシド付加物(以下オキシド付加物と記す)と無水マレイン酸を反応させて得られる、オキシド付加物のモノエステルへの転化率が96%以上のマレイン酸モノエステルと、亜硫酸アルカリ金属塩及び/又はアルカリ金属水酸化物を含有する酸性亜硫酸アルカリ金属塩(以下スルホン化剤と記す)とを、スルホン化剤/モノエステルのモル比を1.10〜1.30として水の存在下且つ不活性ガス雰囲気下に60 80 の温度で反応させ、その後過剰の亜硫酸塩を残存亜硫酸塩に対し 0.96 0.98 当量の過酸化水素で処理することを特徴とするスルホコハク酸モノエステルの製造方法。
Formula RO- (AO) n -H
(In the formula, R represents a linear or branched alkyl group and / or alkenyl group having 8 to 20 carbon atoms, A represents an alkylene group having 2 to 4 carbon atoms, and n represents a number having an average value of 1 to 10. )
A maleic acid monoester having a conversion of the oxide adduct to a monoester of 96% or more obtained by reacting an alkylene oxide adduct of alcohol represented by (hereinafter referred to as an oxide adduct) with maleic anhydride; An alkali metal sulfite (hereinafter referred to as a sulfonating agent) containing an alkali metal sulfite and / or an alkali metal hydroxide in the presence of water with a molar ratio of sulfonating agent / monoester of 1.10 to 1.30 and A process for producing a sulfosuccinic acid monoester, characterized by reacting at a temperature of 60 to 80 ° C. in an inert gas atmosphere, and then treating excess sulfite with 0.96 to 0.98 equivalents of hydrogen peroxide relative to the remaining sulfite. .
JP33973599A 1999-11-30 1999-11-30 Method for producing sulfosuccinic acid monoester Expired - Fee Related JP4260314B2 (en)

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