JP4256976B2 - Bellows type air spring - Google Patents

Bellows type air spring Download PDF

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Publication number
JP4256976B2
JP4256976B2 JP10382999A JP10382999A JP4256976B2 JP 4256976 B2 JP4256976 B2 JP 4256976B2 JP 10382999 A JP10382999 A JP 10382999A JP 10382999 A JP10382999 A JP 10382999A JP 4256976 B2 JP4256976 B2 JP 4256976B2
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Japan
Prior art keywords
rubber
bellows
rubber sheet
air spring
sheet
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JP10382999A
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JP2000291713A (en
Inventor
協司 山崎
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Toyo Tire Corp
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Toyo Tire and Rubber Co Ltd
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29LINDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
    • B29L2031/00Other particular articles
    • B29L2031/703Bellows

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  • Vibration Prevention Devices (AREA)
  • Fluid-Damping Devices (AREA)
  • Diaphragms And Bellows (AREA)

Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は鉄道車両等に取付けられるベローズ型空気ばねの改良に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
鉄道車両用のベローズ型空気ばねとして、図11に示すごとき構造のものがある。このベローズ型空気ばねは、車体12下部と車輪(図示せず)の上側との間に原形円筒状のゴムベローズ21を上下ビード押え板13,14で圧縮変形状態に取り付けている。15は積層ゴムからなるストッパーである。
従来の上記ゴムベローズ21は、加硫前の成型グリーンの状態では図8に示すように上下端に開口6,7を有する縦長の円筒形状を呈している。このゴムベローズ21は、これの一部断面を図9に示すごとく、円筒状に巻かれた内層ゴムシート2と、この内層ゴムシート2の外周に巻かれたナイロンやポリエステル等の合成繊維よりなる簾状のプライタイヤコード3,4、及びこの外層のプライタイヤコード4の外周に円筒状に巻かれた外層ゴムシート5とを積層一体化してなる。この場合、内外層ゴムシート2,5のそれぞれの巻始端部と巻終端部とは重ね合わせ状に接合するが、それぞれの重ね合わせ接合部はゴムベローズ21の軸線Oに対して平行に設けている。図8に外層ゴムシート5の重ね合わせ接合部8がゴムベローズ21の軸線Oに対して平行に設けられていることを示している。
【0003】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
しかるに、上記ゴムベローズ21は成型後の加硫時、使用時に形状及び外径を異変化する。とくに、ゴムベローズ21に空気を封入した使用状態では周方向に大きく伸ばされることが多く、外層ゴムシート5の重ね合わせ接合部8にも周方向に大きな歪みが生じる。外層ゴムシート5の軸線Oに対して平行な重ね合わせ接合部8にはその歪み量に比例した力がかかって剥離力として大きく働き、これが外層ゴムシート5の重ね合わせ接合部8を剥離させる原因になっていた。
【0004】
また、外層ゴムシート5の重ね合わせ接合部8を剥離させるもう一つの原因としては次のようなことが考えられる。
【0005】
ゴムベローズ1は、成型後、図12に示すように内側のゴム袋9と外側の金型10によって加硫される。この加硫時には外層ゴムシート5の重ね合わせ接合部8が金型10の内面に押し付けられるので、その表面は平坦になるが、その内面に隆起する厚肉の過剰なゴムボリューム部11が生じる。この接合部8における過剰なゴムボリューム部11のゴムの一部が隣接するプライタイヤコード4,4間に進入してコード間隔を押し拡げ、そのコード密度が粗くなる。そのため、図13に示すごとく使用時にゴムベローズ21に空気を封入すると、その部分の単位幅当たりのプライタイヤコード4にかかる応力が大きくなり、外層ゴムシート5の重ね合わせ接合部8の過剰なゴムボリューム部11が外側に凸状に膨れて外層ゴムシート5の表面歪みを大きくしたり、また耐圧力が低下したりする。
【0006】
とくに、ゴムベローズ21の軸線Oと直角の横方向の横剛性を利用する空気ばねでは、その横剛性の特性上の制約からプライタイヤコード4の貼付角β(図8参照)が、一般にゴムベローズ21の軸線Oに近付いて75゜〜85゜位の範囲に設定してある。このため、外層ゴムシート5の重ね合わせ接合部8を上記のようにゴムベローズ21の軸線Oと平行にしてあると、プライタイヤコード4と外層ゴムシート5の重ね合わせ接合部8とが平行に近くなり、外層ゴムシート5の重ね合わせ接合部8に生じている過剰なゴムボリューム部11により、プライタイヤコード4,4の間隔が粗くなってしまう。このため、図14に示すごとく加硫されたゴムベローズ21に空気を封入すると、プライタイヤコード4,4の間隔が粗くなった外層ゴムシート5の重ね合わせ接合部8が外側に湾曲して膨れる現象が生じる。これはゴムベローズ21の単位幅当たりのコード密度が粗いための当然の結果である。したがって、図14に示すごとく外層ゴムシート5の重ね合わせ接合部8に周方向に引っ張る力Wが大きくなる。
【0007】
このように外層ゴムシート5の重ね合わせ接合部8に周方向に引張る力Wが大きくかかることによっても、外層ゴムシート5の重ね合わせ接合部8に剥離発生を引き起こす原因になる。
【0008】
そこで本発明は、上記のような、成型時に外層ゴムシートを円筒状に巻くとともに、その巻始端部と巻終端部とを重ね合わせ接合するというベローズ型空気ばねにおいて、外層ゴムシートの重ね合わせ接合部はゴムベローズの軸心に対して或る角度を付けるという工夫を施すことによって外層ゴムシートの重ね合わせ接合部の周方向の歪みをできる限り小さく抑えることができて剥離発生を防止でき、耐久性に優れるベローズ型空気ばねを提供することを目的とする。
【0009】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明は、円筒状に巻かれた内層ゴムシートと、この内層ゴムシートの外周に1層又は2層以上巻かれた簾状のプライタイヤコード、及びこのプライタイヤコードの外周に円筒状に巻かれた外層ゴムシートとを積層一体化してなり、前記外層ゴムシートの巻始端部と巻終端部とは重ね合わせ状に接合しており、空気を封入した使用状態では周方向に伸ばされる円筒状のゴムベローズからなるベローズ型空気ばねにおいて、前記外層ゴムシートの重ね合わせ接合部が、ゴムベローズの軸線に対して斜交する方向でかつ前記ゴムベローズの軸線と直角の横方向に対して60゜〜70゜の角度をつけて傾斜状に設けられていることに特徴を有するものである。
【0010】
このように外層ゴムシートの重ね合わせ接合部はゴムベローズの軸線に対して斜交させてあると、前述した従来品のごとくゴムベローズの軸線と平行にする外層ゴムシートの重ね合わせ接合部の周方向の歪よりも、外層ゴムシートの重ね合わせ接合部の周方向の歪を小さくすることができる。
すなわち、D2 をゴムベローズの加硫形状の外径、D3 をゴムベローズの空気封入形状時の外径、θ3 を空気封入形状時の外層ゴムシートの重ね合わせ接合部のゴムベローズの軸線と直角の横方向に対する傾斜角とすれば、本発明品及び従来品でのそれぞれの歪εは次のように表される。
【0011】
【数1】

Figure 0004256976
【0012】
【数2】
Figure 0004256976
【0013】
このように本発明の上記構成によれば、従来品に比較して、外層ゴムシートの重ね合わせ接合部の周方向の歪εをsin θ3 倍だけ小さくできる。
【0014】
外層ゴムシートの重ね合わせ接合部の傾斜角θ3 を小さくするほど周方向の歪εが小さくなるが、60゜未満にするとその重ね合わせ接合部がゴムベローズの円周方向に長くなり、それだけ接合作業に長時間を要して作業性に劣るため実用的ではなく、70゜を越えると歪εをほとんど小さくすることができないため、上記外層ゴムシートの重ね合わせ接合部の傾斜角θ3 は、ゴムベローズの軸線と直角の横方向に対して60゜〜70゜の範囲に設定することが好ましい。
【0015】
外層ゴムシートの重ね合わせ接合部は、ゴムベローズの軸線に対して或る角度を付けて傾斜するよう貼付される最外層のプライタイヤコードの傾斜方向とは逆方向に傾斜させておくことが、外層ゴムシートの重ね合わせ接合部でもコード密度が粗くなることはなく、その接合部表面の歪みは正常であり、耐圧力も低下することがなくて好ましい。
【0016】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下、本発明に係るベローズ型空気ばねの一実施例を図面に基づいて説明する。図1はベローズ型空気ばねのゴムベローズの成型形状を一部破断した状態で示す正面図、図2は図1におけるA−A線拡大断面図、図3は同ベローズ型空気ばねのゴムベローズの加硫形状を一部破断した状態で示す正面図、図4は同空気ばねの使用例を一部破断した状態で示す正面図、図5は同空気ばねの加硫されたゴムベローズの接合部の断面図、図6は同空気ばねの加硫されたゴムベローズのプライタイヤコードの配列状態を示す正面図、図7は同空気ばねの加硫されたゴムベローズに内圧を封入したときの外層ゴムシートの接合部の断面図である。
【0017】
図1及び図2に示すように、本発明に係るベローズ型空気ばねのゴムベローズ1は、前述した従来のゴムベローズ21の断面構造と同様に、円筒状に巻かれた内層ゴムシート2と、この内層ゴムシート2の外周に巻かれたナイロンやポリエステル等の合成繊維よりなる簾状のプライタイヤコード3,4、及びこのプライタイヤコード4の外周に円筒状に巻かれた外層ゴムシート5とを積層一体化してなり、上下端に開口6,7を有する円筒形状に成型されている。図2にその一部の断面を示すように、内外層ゴムシート2,5のそれぞれの巻始端部2a,5aと巻終端部2b,5bとはそれぞれ重ね合わせ状に接合してなる。その外層ゴムシート5の重ね合わせ接合部8は、図1に示すごとくゴムベローズ1の軸線Oに対し斜交するように傾斜させてあり、つまりゴムベローズ1の軸線Oと直角な方向Xに対して角度θ1 を付けて成型してある。外層ゴムシート5の重ね合わせ接合部8の幅(重ね代)b0 は5〜7mm程度とする。
【0018】
ここで、本発明のように外層ゴムシート5の重ね合わせ接合部8をゴムベローズ1の軸線Oに対して斜交するよう設けたゴムベローズ1と、図8に示す従来のように外層ゴムシート5の重ね合わせ接合部8を軸線Oに対して平行に設けたゴムベローズ21における、各外層ゴムシート5の重ね合わせ接合部8での周方向の歪を比較すると、以下の通りである。
【0019】
ただし、本発明のゴムベローズ1及び従来のゴムベローズ21において、両者に成型形状の外径D1 、加硫形状の外径D2 、使用時の外径D3 には差はなく、また重ね合わせ接合部8の幅b,b´も等しいものとする。
図8に示す従来のゴムベローズ21では、加硫時の重ね合わせ接合部8の幅をbとし、図11に示すごとく使用時に伸びた幅をb´とすれば、加硫時から使用時の重ね合わせ接合部8の周方向の歪量εは次のように表される。
【0020】
【数3】
Figure 0004256976
【0021】
図1に示す本発明のゴムベローズ1では、加硫時の重ね合わせ接合部8の幅をbとし、図4に示すごとく使用時に伸びた幅をb´とすれば、加硫時から使用時の重ね合わせ接合部8の周方向の歪量εは、従来のゴムベローズ21の場合と等しく、次のように表される。
【0022】
【数4】
Figure 0004256976
である。
【0023】
しかし、重ね合わせ接合部8の幅bに対して直角方向の真の歪を考えると、
【0024】
【数5】
Figure 0004256976
【0025】
となり、
外層ゴムシート5の重ね合わせ接合部8の角度θ3 が小さくなるにつれ歪が小さくなり、従って接合部8の剥離を軽減することができる。
【0026】
上記角度θ1 は60゜〜70゜が好ましい。60゜未満にするとその重ね合わせ接合部8がゴムベローズ1の円周方向に長くなり、それだけ接合作業に長時間を要して作業性に劣るため実用的ではなく、70゜を越えると歪εをほとんど小さくすることができないからである。
【0027】
上記外層ゴムシート5の重ね合わせ接合部8は、図1及び図6に示すように、最外層のプライタイヤコード4の貼付角度β(75゜〜85゜)の傾き方向とは逆方向になるように傾けることが、以下の理由により外層ゴムシート5の重ね合わせ接合部8の剥離防止上、一層効果的である。
【0028】
ゴムベローズ1は、冒頭にも述べたように、成型後、加硫されるが、この加硫は図5に示すように内側のゴム袋9と外側の金型10によって行われる。この加硫された時の外層ゴムシート5の重ね合わせ接合部8の断面には、図5に示すごとく過剰なゴムボリューム部11が生じ、この過剰なゴムボリューム部11によってプライタイヤコード3,4が内側に湾曲しているが、プライタイヤコード4,4間隔は粗くなりにくい。また、図6は加硫されたゴムベローズ1の外層ゴムシート5の重ね合わせ接合部8の外層ゴム5を剥がした状態でプライタイヤコード4の配列状態を見ており、これからもコード4,4間隔が粗くなっていないことが判る。
【0029】
これは、図6のように外層ゴムシート5の重ね合わせ接合部8がプライタイヤコード4の貼付角度βの傾き方向とは逆方向になるように傾斜しているので、プライタイヤコード4と外層ゴムシート5の接合部8がかなりの交差角γを有することになるので、コード4,4間隔が粗くならないのである。
【0030】
すなわち、図13は従来のゴムベローズ21の外層ゴムシート5の重ね合わせ接合部8の幅bに影響されているプライタイヤコード4の長さL1 を示しており、その長さL1 が長いほど、外層ゴムシート5の重ね合わせ接合部8の過剰なゴムボリューム部11によるコード間隔を押し拡げる力に対する抵抗力が小さい。このため、過剰なゴムボリューム部11のゴムの一部が隣接するプライタイヤコード4,4間に進入してコード間隔を拡げ易くなり、コード密度が粗になる。これに対し、図6は本発明の外層ゴムシート5の重ね合わせ接合部8の幅bに影響されているプライタイヤコード4の長さL2 を示しており、従来のプライタイヤコード4の長さL1 よりもかなり短くなっており、従って外層ゴムシート5の重ね合わせ接合部8の過剰なゴムボリューム部11によるコード4,4間隔を拡げる力に対する抵抗力が大きく、コード4,4間隔が拡がりにくくなり、コード密度が粗にならず、その全体のコード4,4間隔がほぼ揃っているのである。
【0031】
図7は加硫されたゴムベローズ1に内圧Pを封入したときの外層ゴムシート5の重ね合わせ接合部8の状態を示しており、コード密度が前述のように揃っているため、他部分に比べても均等に膨らみ、その表面歪は小さい。また、外層ゴムシート5の重ね合わせ接合部8の幅bによる過剰なゴムボリューム部11のみ膨れるので、その接合部8の周方向の引張り力Wも小さい。したがって、外層ゴムシート5の重ね合わせ接合部8の剥離防止に効果的である。
【0032】
【発明の効果】
本発明のベローズ型空気ばねによれば、外層ゴムシートの重ね合わせ接合部をゴムベローズの軸線に対して斜交するよう傾斜させるという簡単な手段で、外層ゴムシートの重ね合わせ接合部の周方向の歪みをできる限り小さくすることができて経時使用に伴う外層ゴムの重ね合わせ接合部の剥離発生をよく防止でき、耐久性に優れるという利点がある。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】ベローズ型空気ばねのゴムベローズの成型形状を一部破断した状態で示す正面図である。
【図2】図1におけるA−A線拡大断面図である。
【図3】同空気ばねのゴムベローズの加硫形状を一部破断した状態で示す正面図である。
【図4】同空気ばねの使用例を一部破断した状態で示す正面図である。
【図5】同空気ばねの加硫されたゴムベローズの接合部の断面図である。
【図6】同空気ばねの加硫されたゴムベローズのプライタイヤコードの配列状態を示す正面図である。
【図7】同空気ばねの加硫されたゴムベローズに内圧を封入したときの外層ゴムシートの接合部の断面図である。
【図8】従来例の空気ばねのゴムベローズの成型形状を一部破断した状態で示す正面図である。
【図9】図8におけるB−B線拡大断面図である。
【図10】従来例の空気ばねのゴムベローズの加硫形状を一部破断した状態で示す正面図である。
【図11】従来例の空気ばねの使用例を一部破断した状態で示す正面図である。
【図12】従来例の空気ばねの加硫されたゴムベローズの接合部の断面図である。
【図13】従来例の空気ばねの加硫されたゴムベローズのプライタイヤコードの配列状態を示す正面図である。
【図14】従来例の空気ばねの加硫されたゴムベローズに内圧を封入したときの外層ゴムシートの接合部の断面図である。
【符号の説明】
1 ゴムベローズ
2 内層ゴムシート
3,4 プライタイヤコード
5 外層ゴムシート
8 重ね合わせ接合部
O ゴムベローズの軸線[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to an improvement of bellows type air spring is mounted et the railway vehicle or the like.
[0002]
[Prior art]
As a bellows type air spring for a railway vehicle, there is a structure as shown in FIG. In this bellows type air spring, an original cylindrical rubber bellows 21 is attached in a compressed deformation state by upper and lower bead holding plates 13 and 14 between a lower portion of a vehicle body 12 and an upper side of a wheel (not shown). Reference numeral 15 denotes a stopper made of laminated rubber.
The conventional rubber bellows 21 has a vertically long cylindrical shape having openings 6 and 7 at the upper and lower ends as shown in FIG. 8 in a green state before vulcanization. As shown in FIG. 9, the rubber bellows 21 includes an inner layer rubber sheet 2 wound in a cylindrical shape and synthetic fibers such as nylon and polyester wound around the outer periphery of the inner layer rubber sheet 2. The flange-shaped ply tire cords 3 and 4 and the outer layer rubber sheet 5 wound in a cylindrical shape on the outer periphery of the outer layer ply tire cord 4 are laminated and integrated. In this case, the respective winding start end portions and winding end portions of the inner and outer layer rubber sheets 2 and 5 are joined in a superposed manner, and the respective superposed joining portions are provided in parallel to the axis O of the rubber bellows 21. Yes. FIG. 8 shows that the overlapping joining portion 8 of the outer rubber sheet 5 is provided in parallel to the axis O of the rubber bellows 21.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, the shape and the outer diameter of the rubber bellows 21 vary during vulcanization after use and during use. In particular, when the rubber bellows 21 is filled with air, the rubber bellows 21 is often stretched greatly in the circumferential direction, and a large distortion also occurs in the circumferential direction in the overlapped joint portion 8 of the outer rubber sheet 5. A force proportional to the amount of strain is applied to the overlap joint 8 parallel to the axis O of the outer rubber sheet 5 and acts as a peeling force, which causes the overlap joint 8 of the outer rubber sheet 5 to peel off. It was.
[0004]
Moreover, the following may be considered as another cause of the peeling of the overlapping bonded portion 8 of the outer layer rubber sheet 5.
[0005]
After molding, the rubber bellows 1 is vulcanized by an inner rubber bag 9 and an outer mold 10 as shown in FIG. At the time of vulcanization, the overlapping joining portion 8 of the outer rubber sheet 5 is pressed against the inner surface of the mold 10, so that the surface becomes flat, but a thick excessive rubber volume portion 11 is formed on the inner surface. A part of the rubber of the excessive rubber volume portion 11 in the joint portion 8 enters between the adjacent ply tire cords 4 and 4 to widen the cord interval, and the cord density becomes coarse. Therefore, when air is sealed in the rubber bellows 21 at the time of use as shown in FIG. 13, the stress applied to the ply tire cord 4 per unit width of the portion increases, and the excess rubber of the overlap joint 8 of the outer rubber sheet 5 is increased. The volume portion 11 bulges outwardly to increase the surface distortion of the outer rubber sheet 5, and the pressure resistance decreases.
[0006]
In particular, in an air spring that uses the lateral stiffness in the direction perpendicular to the axis O of the rubber bellows 21, the bonding angle β of the ply tire cord 4 (see FIG. 8) is generally the rubber bellows because of the limitations on the characteristics of the lateral stiffness. It is set in a range of about 75 ° to 85 ° near the axis O of 21. For this reason, when the overlap joint 8 of the outer rubber sheet 5 is parallel to the axis O of the rubber bellows 21 as described above, the overlap joint 8 of the ply tire cord 4 and the outer rubber sheet 5 are parallel. The gap between the ply tire cords 4 and 4 becomes rough due to the excessive rubber volume portion 11 generated in the overlapping joining portion 8 of the outer rubber sheet 5. For this reason, when air is sealed in the rubber bellows 21 vulcanized as shown in FIG. 14, the overlapping joining portion 8 of the outer rubber sheet 5 in which the interval between the ply tire cords 4 and 4 is rough is curved outward and swells. A phenomenon occurs. This is a natural result because the cord density per unit width of the rubber bellows 21 is coarse. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 14, the force W pulled in the circumferential direction on the overlapping joining portion 8 of the outer rubber sheet 5 is increased.
[0007]
As described above, a large pulling force W in the circumferential direction is applied to the overlapping bonding portion 8 of the outer rubber sheet 5, which also causes peeling at the overlapping bonding portion 8 of the outer rubber sheet 5.
[0008]
Therefore, the present invention provides a bellows type air spring in which the outer layer rubber sheet is wound in a cylindrical shape during molding and the winding start end and the winding end are overlapped and joined, as described above. By giving the device a certain angle to the axis of the rubber bellows, it is possible to suppress the circumferential distortion of the overlapped joint of the outer rubber sheet as much as possible and prevent the occurrence of delamination. It aims at providing the bellows type air spring excellent in property.
[0009]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The present invention relates to an inner layer rubber sheet wound in a cylindrical shape, a saddle-shaped ply tire cord wound around one or more layers on the outer periphery of the inner layer rubber sheet, and a cylindrical shape wound around the outer periphery of the ply tire cord. The outer layer rubber sheet is laminated and integrated, and the winding start end and winding end of the outer layer rubber sheet are joined in a superposed manner, and are cylindrically stretched in the circumferential direction in a use state in which air is enclosed In the bellows type air spring composed of the rubber bellows, the superposed joint portion of the outer rubber sheet is 60 ° with respect to the transverse direction perpendicular to the axis of the rubber bellows and obliquely to the axis of the rubber bellows. It is characterized by being inclined at an angle of ˜70 ° .
[0010]
As described above, when the overlap joint portion of the outer layer rubber sheet is oblique to the axis of the rubber bellows, the periphery of the overlap joint portion of the outer layer rubber sheet that is parallel to the axis of the rubber bellows as in the conventional product described above. The distortion in the circumferential direction of the overlapping bonded portion of the outer rubber sheet can be made smaller than the distortion in the direction.
That is, D 2 is the outer diameter of the rubber bellows vulcanized shape, D 3 is the outer diameter of the rubber bellows in the air-filled shape, and θ 3 is the axis of the rubber bellows of the overlapped joint of the outer rubber sheet in the air-filled shape. Assuming that the angle of inclination with respect to the lateral direction is perpendicular to each other, the respective strains ε of the present invention product and the conventional product are expressed as follows.
[0011]
[Expression 1]
Figure 0004256976
[0012]
[Expression 2]
Figure 0004256976
[0013]
As described above, according to the above-described configuration of the present invention, the strain ε in the circumferential direction of the overlap-bonded portion of the outer rubber sheet can be reduced by sin θ 3 times as compared with the conventional product.
[0014]
Although higher circumferential direction of the strain ε to decrease the inclination angle theta 3 of the joint overlay outer rubber sheet becomes smaller, when less than 60 ° the overlapping joint portion is longer in the circumferential direction of the rubber bellows, the more bonding Since the work takes a long time and is inferior in workability, it is not practical, and since the strain ε can hardly be reduced when it exceeds 70 °, the inclination angle θ 3 of the laminated joint portion of the outer rubber sheet is It is preferable to set in the range of 60 ° to 70 ° with respect to the lateral direction perpendicular to the axis of the rubber bellows.
[0015]
The overlapping joining portion of the outer rubber sheet may be inclined in the direction opposite to the inclination direction of the outermost ply tire cord attached to be inclined at an angle with respect to the axis of the rubber bellows. It is preferable that the cord density does not become rough even at the overlapping bonded portion of the outer rubber sheet, the distortion of the surface of the bonded portion is normal, and the pressure resistance does not decrease.
[0016]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, an embodiment of a bellows type air spring according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. 1 is a front view showing a part of the bellows-type air spring rubber bellows in a partially broken state, FIG. 2 is an enlarged sectional view taken along line AA in FIG. 1, and FIG. 3 is a view of the rubber bellows of the bellows-type air spring. FIG. 4 is a front view showing the vulcanized shape partially broken, FIG. 4 is a front view showing a partially broken use example of the air spring, and FIG. 5 is a joint portion of the vulcanized rubber bellows of the air spring. FIG. 6 is a front view showing an arrangement of ply tire cords of rubber bellows vulcanized with the air spring, and FIG. 7 is an outer layer when the internal pressure is sealed in the rubber bellows vulcanized with the air spring. It is sectional drawing of the junction part of a rubber sheet.
[0017]
As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the rubber bellows 1 of the bellows type air spring according to the present invention includes an inner rubber sheet 2 wound in a cylindrical shape, similarly to the cross-sectional structure of the conventional rubber bellows 21 described above, An eaves-like ply tire cord 3, 4 made of synthetic fiber such as nylon or polyester wound around the outer periphery of the inner layer rubber sheet 2, and an outer layer rubber sheet 5 wound around the outer periphery of the ply tire cord 4 in a cylindrical shape; Are formed into a cylindrical shape having openings 6 and 7 at the upper and lower ends. As shown in a partial cross section in FIG. 2, the winding start end portions 2a and 5a and the winding end portions 2b and 5b of the inner and outer layer rubber sheets 2 and 5 are joined in an overlapping manner. As shown in FIG. 1, the overlapping bonding portion 8 of the outer layer rubber sheet 5 is inclined so as to be oblique to the axis O of the rubber bellows 1, that is, with respect to a direction X perpendicular to the axis O of the rubber bellows 1. Then, it is molded with an angle θ 1 . The width (overlap allowance) b 0 of the overlap bonding portion 8 of the outer rubber sheet 5 is about 5 to 7 mm.
[0018]
Here, as in the present invention, the rubber bellows 1 provided so that the overlapping joint 8 of the outer rubber sheet 5 is oblique to the axis O of the rubber bellows 1, and the outer rubber sheet as shown in FIG. The following is a comparison of the circumferential strains at the overlapping joints 8 of the outer rubber sheets 5 in the rubber bellows 21 in which the five overlapping joining parts 8 are provided in parallel to the axis O.
[0019]
However, in the rubber bellows 1 and conventional rubber bellows 21 of the present invention, the outer diameter D 1 of the molded shape to both pressurized硫形shaped outer diameter D 2, no difference in the outer diameter D 3 at the time of use, also superimposed The widths b and b ′ of the mating joint 8 are also assumed to be equal.
In the conventional rubber bellows 21 shown in FIG. 8, if the width of the overlap joint 8 at the time of vulcanization is b and the width extended at the time of use is b ′ as shown in FIG. The amount of strain ε in the circumferential direction of the lap joint 8 is expressed as follows.
[0020]
[Equation 3]
Figure 0004256976
[0021]
In the rubber bellows 1 of the present invention shown in FIG. 1, if the width of the overlapped joint 8 at the time of vulcanization is b and the width extended at the time of use is b ′ as shown in FIG. The amount of strain ε in the circumferential direction of the overlap joint 8 is equal to that of the conventional rubber bellows 21 and is expressed as follows.
[0022]
[Expression 4]
Figure 0004256976
It is.
[0023]
However, considering the true strain in the direction perpendicular to the width b of the overlapped joint 8,
[0024]
[Equation 5]
Figure 0004256976
[0025]
And
As the angle θ 3 of the overlapping bonded portion 8 of the outer rubber sheet 5 becomes smaller, the distortion becomes smaller, and therefore the peeling of the bonded portion 8 can be reduced.
[0026]
The angle θ 1 is preferably 60 ° to 70 °. If the angle is less than 60 °, the overlap joint 8 becomes longer in the circumferential direction of the rubber bellows 1, and it takes a long time for the joining operation and is inferior in workability. This is because it can hardly be reduced.
[0027]
As shown in FIGS. 1 and 6, the overlapping joining portion 8 of the outer rubber sheet 5 is in the direction opposite to the inclination direction of the application angle β (75 ° to 85 °) of the outermost ply tire cord 4. Inclining in this way is more effective in preventing peeling of the overlapping bonded portion 8 of the outer rubber sheet 5 for the following reason.
[0028]
As described at the beginning, the rubber bellows 1 is vulcanized after molding. This vulcanization is performed by an inner rubber bag 9 and an outer mold 10 as shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 5, an excessive rubber volume portion 11 is generated in the cross section of the lap joint portion 8 of the outer rubber sheet 5 when vulcanized, and the excess rubber volume portion 11 causes the ply tire cords 3, 4. Is curved inward, but the interval between the ply tire cords 4 and 4 is not easily roughened. FIG. 6 shows the arrangement of the ply tire cords 4 in a state where the outer layer rubber 5 of the lap joint portion 8 of the outer layer rubber sheet 5 of the vulcanized rubber bellows 1 is peeled off. It can be seen that the interval is not rough.
[0029]
This is because, as shown in FIG. 6, the overlapping joining portion 8 of the outer layer rubber sheet 5 is inclined so as to be opposite to the inclination direction of the bonding angle β of the ply tire cord 4. Since the joint portion 8 of the rubber sheet 5 has a considerable crossing angle γ, the distance between the cords 4 and 4 does not become rough.
[0030]
That is, FIG. 13 shows the length L 1 of the ply tire cord 4 that is influenced by the width b of the overlap joint 8 of the outer rubber sheet 5 of the conventional rubber bellows 21, and the length L 1 is long. The resistance to the force that pushes and widens the cord interval due to the excessive rubber volume portion 11 of the overlapping joining portion 8 of the outer rubber sheet 5 is small. For this reason, a part of the rubber of the excessive rubber volume portion 11 enters between the adjacent ply tire cords 4 and 4 to easily widen the cord interval, and the cord density becomes coarse. On the other hand, FIG. 6 shows the length L 2 of the ply tire cord 4 that is influenced by the width b of the overlapping joining portion 8 of the outer rubber sheet 5 of the present invention. It has become considerably shorter than L 1, thus largely resistant to the force to widen the coding 4,4 interval due to excessive rubber volume portion 11 of the overlapping joint 8 of the outer layer rubber sheet 5, the code 4,4 interval It becomes difficult to spread, the code density does not become rough, and the distance between the entire cords 4 and 4 is almost uniform.
[0031]
FIG. 7 shows the state of the overlapping joining portion 8 of the outer rubber sheet 5 when the internal pressure P is sealed in the vulcanized rubber bellows 1, and the cord density is uniform as described above. It swells evenly compared, and its surface distortion is small. Moreover, since only the excessive rubber volume part 11 by the width | variety b of the overlapping joining part 8 of the outer layer rubber sheet 5 swells, the tensile force W of the circumferential direction of the joining part 8 is also small. Therefore, it is effective for preventing peeling of the overlapping bonded portion 8 of the outer rubber sheet 5.
[0032]
【The invention's effect】
According to the bellows-type air spring of the present invention, the circumferential direction of the overlap joint portion of the outer rubber sheet can be simplified by simply tilting the overlap joint portion of the outer rubber sheet with respect to the axis of the rubber bellows. There is an advantage that the strain of the outer layer rubber can be prevented from being peeled off with use over time, and the durability is excellent.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a front view of a bellows type air spring with a rubber bellows molded partly broken.
FIG. 2 is an enlarged sectional view taken along line AA in FIG.
FIG. 3 is a front view showing a vulcanized shape of a rubber bellows of the air spring in a partially broken state.
FIG. 4 is a front view showing a usage example of the air spring in a partially broken state.
FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of a joint portion of a vulcanized rubber bellows of the air spring.
FIG. 6 is a front view showing an arrangement state of ply tire cords of vulcanized rubber bellows of the air spring.
FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of a joint portion of an outer rubber sheet when an internal pressure is sealed in a vulcanized rubber bellows of the air spring.
FIG. 8 is a front view showing a state in which a molded shape of a rubber bellows of a conventional air spring is partially broken.
9 is an enlarged sectional view taken along line BB in FIG.
FIG. 10 is a front view showing a vulcanized shape of a rubber bellows of a conventional air spring in a partially broken state.
FIG. 11 is a front view showing a usage example of a conventional air spring in a partially broken state.
FIG. 12 is a cross-sectional view of a joint portion of a vulcanized rubber bellows of a conventional air spring.
FIG. 13 is a front view showing an arrangement of ply tire cords of rubber bellows vulcanized with a conventional air spring.
FIG. 14 is a cross-sectional view of a joint portion of an outer rubber sheet when internal pressure is sealed in a vulcanized rubber bellows of a conventional air spring.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Rubber bellows 2 Inner layer rubber sheet 3, 4 Ply tire cord 5 Outer layer rubber sheet 8 Overlaying joint O Axis of rubber bellows

Claims (2)

円筒状に巻かれた内層ゴムシートと、この内層ゴムシートの外周に1層又は2層以上巻かれた簾状のプライタイヤコード、及びこのプライタイヤコードの外周に円筒状に巻かれた外層ゴムシートとを積層一体化してなり、前記外層ゴムシートの巻始端部と巻終端部とは重ね合わせ状に接合しており、空気を封入した使用状態では周方向に伸ばされる円筒状のゴムベローズからなるベローズ型空気ばねにおいて、
前記外層ゴムシートの重ね合わせ接合部が、ゴムベローズの軸線に対して斜交する方向でかつ前記ゴムベローズの軸線と直角の横方向に対して60゜〜70゜の角度をつけて傾斜状に設けられていることを特徴とするベローズ型空気ばね。
An inner layer rubber sheet wound in a cylindrical shape, a bowl-shaped ply tire cord wound around one or more layers on the outer periphery of the inner layer rubber sheet, and an outer layer rubber wound in a cylindrical shape on the outer periphery of the ply tire cord The sheet is laminated and integrated, and the winding start end and winding end of the outer rubber sheet are joined in a superposed manner, and from a cylindrical rubber bellows that extends in the circumferential direction in a use state in which air is enclosed In the bellows type air spring
The overlapping joining portion of the outer rubber sheet is inclined at an angle of 60 ° to 70 ° with respect to a direction oblique to the axis of the rubber bellows and perpendicular to the axis of the rubber bellows. A bellows type air spring characterized by being provided.
前記外層ゴムシートの重ね合わせ接合部は、前記ゴムベローズの軸線に対して或る角度を付けて傾斜するよう貼付されている前記最外層のプライタイヤコードの傾斜方向とは逆方向に傾斜させている請求項1に記載のベローズ型空気ばね。The overlapping joining portion of the outer rubber sheet is inclined in a direction opposite to the inclination direction of the outermost ply tire cord attached so as to incline at an angle with respect to the axis of the rubber bellows. The bellows type air spring according to claim 1 .
JP10382999A 1999-04-12 1999-04-12 Bellows type air spring Expired - Lifetime JP4256976B2 (en)

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