JP4236350B2 - Waterproof or stretched sheet and defect detection method thereof - Google Patents

Waterproof or stretched sheet and defect detection method thereof Download PDF

Info

Publication number
JP4236350B2
JP4236350B2 JP29710899A JP29710899A JP4236350B2 JP 4236350 B2 JP4236350 B2 JP 4236350B2 JP 29710899 A JP29710899 A JP 29710899A JP 29710899 A JP29710899 A JP 29710899A JP 4236350 B2 JP4236350 B2 JP 4236350B2
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
sheet
surface layer
waterproof
layer
light
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
JP29710899A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Other versions
JP2001115607A (en
Inventor
佳巳 村野
真哉 佐野
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Lonseal Corp
Original Assignee
Lonseal Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Lonseal Corp filed Critical Lonseal Corp
Priority to JP29710899A priority Critical patent/JP4236350B2/en
Publication of JP2001115607A publication Critical patent/JP2001115607A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of JP4236350B2 publication Critical patent/JP4236350B2/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Landscapes

  • Investigating Materials By The Use Of Optical Means Adapted For Particular Applications (AREA)

Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明、熱可塑性樹脂又は合成ゴムからなり、表面層と裏面層とで構成された防水又は増し張りシート、或いは、熱可塑性樹脂又は合成ゴムからなり、表面層と裏面層とで構成された防水又は増し張りシートの欠陥部を検知する方法に関する
【0002】
【従来の技術】
従来から熱可塑性樹脂又は合成ゴムからなる防水シートを用いる防水工事において、熱融着工法、接着剤による工法、機械固定法が多用されている。これらの工法としては、防水シートの上に別の防水シート又は増し張りシートを重ね合わせ、両者の間を加熱して接合するか、両者の間に溶着剤、接着剤を介して接合する方法が使用されている。
これらの作業には高度な熟練や技能が要求されるため、熟練度の差により作業のバラツキも生じ易い。
【0003】
この様に難しい接合作業であるが、通常の防水シートは着色されているためにシート自体の欠陥及び接合状態の良否を外部から目視で判断することが困難である。接合の良否に関しては通常チェック棒と称されるマイナスドライバ状のものを接合箇所に押し当て、チェック棒の進入具合で接合状態を判断することが行われている。
しかしながら、この方法ではシート自体におけるピンホール等の微小な欠陥部や所謂、水路と呼ばれる防水シートの厚みによる段差部分の接合不良は検知できない。又施工が終了してから不良部を検出するため、接合不良の箇所が発見されてもその周囲は接合されているために接合用の器具を入れることが難しく、補修が困難である場合が多い。そして接合不良は水漏れという防水工事における欠陥につながる。
【0004】
この接合不良を検知する方法には、減圧器を用いて空気の漏れで接合の良否を確認する方法や防水シートに電圧をかけ、放電流により欠陥部を確認する方法が知られている。しかしながら、減圧器を用いる方法では1回で検出できる接合部の面積が減圧容器の大きさに左右され、又出入隅角等の複雑な形状の接合部位ではそれに合わせた専用の減圧器が必要なことから、施工現場全体の接合良否の検査には非常な労力及び時間を要した。また、放電流を用いる方法では下地が導電体であることが条件となり、またピンホールについては比較的容易に検知できるものの接合部においては防水シートが絶縁破壊を起こすような高電圧が必要となるために実用的な検査手段とならなかった。
【0005】
特開平1−299947号公報には、防水シート自体を半透明とすることが示されており、この半透明の防水シート同士を接合すると、接着部と非接着部で明るさのトーンに差が生じ、これを利用して接合状態を目視で判別することが記載されているが、この方法における接合は半透明の防水シート同士の場合に限られる。
【0006】
また、防水シート自体の破壊を目視で確認する方法も提案されており、例えば特開平6−280499号公報には、不透水防水シートの表面に光の反射体又は蛍光体を含むシグナル層を積層し、防水シートが破壊された場合、可視光又は紫外光に対するその部分の輝度の差を利用して検出することが示されているが、防水シート自体の欠陥部を検出する方法は記載されていない。
【0007】
更に、特開平11−201912号公報には、本願出願人の提案として熱可塑性樹脂又は合成ゴムから成る上貼防水シートと下貼防水シートとを用いて防水処理する際に、その上貼防水シートを透明とし、これに又は下貼防水シート若しくは接着剤、溶着剤、シール剤に発光物質を含め或いは塗布して、これらの接合部の欠陥部を検知する方法が記載されている。
【0008】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
そこで本発明は、熱可塑性樹脂又は合成ゴムから成る防水又は増し張りシートを用いて防水処理する際に、防水又は増し張りシート自体に欠陥部があった場合その欠陥部を簡単且つ確実に検出できることを目的とする。
【0009】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明は、熱可塑性樹脂又は合成ゴムからなり、表面層と裏面層とで構成された防水又は増し張りシートであって、前記表面層を着色不透明とし、前記裏面層を透明層として、前記表面層と前記裏面層とを積層一体成形し、前記裏面層には光を照射すると可視光を発光する発光物質が含有されていることを特徴とする。
【0010】
また、本発明は、熱可塑性樹脂又は合成ゴムからなり、表面層と裏面層とで構成された防水又は増し張りシートの欠陥部を検知する方法において、前記表面層を着色不透明とし、前記裏面層を透明層として、前記表面層と前記裏面層とを積層一体成形し、前記裏面層には光を照射すると可視光を発光する発光物質を含有せしめ、これに光を照射することにより、前記表面層の欠陥部から漏れる光を観察できる。
【0011】
上記の手段によって発光物質から漏れてくる光で防水シート又は増し張りシートのシート自体の欠陥、即ち、防水シート又は増し張りシートの一方又は双方に亀裂やピンホールなどの欠陥部があれば裏面層の発光物質に光が当たり特有の光を発光するため検知することができる
【0012】
本発明の方法は手軽でり、防水シート又は増し張りシートのシート自体の欠陥の目視で観察することにより判断できる。なお、当然のことながら、シート自体に欠陥部がない場合及び接合不良部分がない場合には光による観察及び欠陥部の検知はできない。
【0013】
尚、本明細書でいう「光」には可視光、赤外光及び紫外光を含むものとし、「透明」とは、完全な透明だけでなく、有色透明、梨地を含めた半透明も含み外部から接合面の目視観察が可能な透明度のことをいう。
また、「増し張りシート」とは、平場で防水シート同士を接合しその上に更に接合するテープ状シートのほかに、出隅入隅用成形役物、パイプ等の部品取付部用成形役物、機械固定法に用いるディスク用シートなどを含むものである。
【0014】
【発明の実施の形態】
本発明の好ましい実施の形態と参考例(図3、6)を図面に基づいてさらに詳しく説明する。水シートA(図1)、増し張りシートB(図2)、C(図3)及び通常の防水シートDは熱可塑性樹脂又は合成ゴムからなり、この防水シートA又は増し張りシートBは表面層1と裏面層2で構成され、その表面層1は着色不透明な層で、裏面層2は発光物質を含有している透明層又は不透明層である。このような防水シートA又は増し張りシートBは例えば表面層をカレンダーで圧延し、裏面層を圧延しながら同時に表面層を積層することにより、或いは2層押出機で表面層と裏面層を共押出することにより形成することが出来る。また、表面層と裏面層を別々にカレンダーや押出機でシーティングし、熱又は接着剤でラミネートすることも可能である。
【0016】
水シートA、増し張りシートB、C及びこの増し張りシートB、Cを接合する通常の防水シートDに用いる熱可塑性樹脂としては塩化ビニル系樹脂、エチレンと酢酸ビニルとの共重合体、エチレンとアクリルとの共重合体、オレフィン系樹脂、アクリル系樹脂、熱可塑性エラストマー(オレフィン系、ポリエステル系、ウレタン系など)などが挙げられる。また、合成ゴムとしてはSBR、NBR、塩素化ポリエチレン、クロルスルフォンポリエチレン、EPR、EPDM、クロロプレン、ネオプレン、ブタジェン系などが挙げられる。これら熱可塑性樹脂及び合成ゴムは単独で使用しても、2種以上混合して使用してもよいが、接合強度を考慮すると、接合相手と組成的に近いものがよい。
【0017】
水シートA、増し張りシートB、C及び通常の防水シートDは上記熱可塑性樹脂や合成ゴムをカレンダー成形、押出成形、射出成形、プレス成形などの通常の成形方法により適当な形状及び厚さの各種シート、各種成形役物に加工することができ、通常の防水シートDは此の種の技術分野で周知の形態のものを用いることができる。
【0018】
水シートA及び増し張りシートBの裏面層2、増し張りシートCの周縁部3に適用する発光物質としては、蛍光増白剤、蛍光物質、蓄光物質などがある。蛍光増白剤としてはジアミノスチルベンジルスルホン酸誘導体、ビススチリルビフェニル誘導体、クマリン誘導体、ピラゾロン誘導体、ビスベンザオキサゾール誘導体、ナフタルイミド誘導体等が挙げられる。蛍光物質としては蛍光染料をアクリル樹脂、メラミン樹脂などに均一に溶解させた蛍光顔料が挙げられる。蓄光物質としては、硫化カルシウム系、硫化亜鉛系、硫化亜鉛カドミウム系のものが挙げられる。
【0019】
上記発光物質は単独でも同じ種類同士または他の種類の組み合わせで2種以上使用しても良く、光を照射したときに可視光を発光する。蛍光増白剤を単独で使用した場合は、ブラックライト等の紫外光を照射すると青紫色の可視光を発し、蛍光物質を単独で使用した場合はブラックライト等の紫外光を照射すると蛍光物質特有の可視光を発し、蓄光物質を単独で使用した場合も蛍光物質と同様に蓄光物質特有の可視光を発し、発光物質を複数で使用すると、それぞれの相乗効果の可視光を発する。
これらの発光物質を裏面層2及び周縁部3の熱可塑性樹脂又は合成ゴムの配合物(コンパンウド)に配合して所定の形状に形成する。
【0020】
水シートA、増し張りシートB及びCに適用する発光物質の添加量はそれぞれ裏面層2及び周縁部3の配合物100重量部に対し、0.001〜10重量部が好ましい。0.001重量部未満ではシート自体の欠陥、接合の良否判別は難しい。発光効果を出してシート自体の欠陥、接合の良否判別をより容易に且つ確実にするには0.001重量部以上の添加が好ましい。しかし、発光効果は10重量部までの添加で十分であり、それ越える添加は発光効果に影響は少なくコストアップにつながる。
【0021】
防水シートA及び増し張りシートB、Cの表面層1を着色不透明とし、裏面層2に発光物質を添加する場合、発光物質の発光による光の透過性をよくして発光強度を上げるためには裏面層2は透明にする方が望ましい。
【0022】
水シートA、増し張りシートB及びCに使用する熱可塑性樹脂及び合成ゴムに添加するその他の添加剤には充填剤、可塑剤、安定剤、滑剤、酸化防止剤、光安定剤、紫外線吸収剤、着色剤、抗菌剤、防カビ剤、難燃剤、発泡剤、加工助剤などが挙げられる。防水シートA、増し張りシートB及びCで透明性を必要とする部材には透明性を害さない範囲で添加できる。
【0023】
防水シートA及び増し張りシートB、Cがテープ状シート又はディスク用シートの場合に補強を目的として中間に透明性を損なわない範囲で、平織り、直交織り、からみ織りなどのクロス基材を積層しても良い。
【0024】
防水シートA同士、防水シートD同士、防水シートAと防水シートD、及び防水シートA又はDと増し張りシートB又はCとの接合には、加熱による方法と溶着剤や接着剤を使用する方法があり、加熱による方法ではシート同士を熱風、高周波、電磁誘導などで加熱して接合する。溶着剤や接着剤を使用する方法ではシートの一方或いは双方に溶着剤や接着剤を塗布して接合する。接合を確実にするため溶接棒を使用してその溶接棒をシート端部に当ててシートと溶接棒を熱風で接合する方法を併用しても良い。この場合の溶接棒は本発明の防水シートA又は増し張りシートB、Cと同様に熱可塑性樹脂及び合成ゴムからなり、また、発光物質を含有するものであってもよく、その場合における溶接棒の径は任意であるが、通常、2.0〜5.0mmのものが使用される。
【0025】
水シートA(図1)は、耐久性を考慮すると総厚は0.5〜3.0mmが好ましく、表面層は0.05〜2.95mm、裏面層は2.95〜0.05mmが好ましい。
【0026】
し張りシートB又はCがテープ状シート(図2c、図3c)の場合における寸法は特に制限はないが、通常、巾については40〜200mm、総厚については0.5〜3.0mmのものが使用され、表面層は0.05〜2.95mm、裏面層は2.95〜0.05mmが使用される。
【0027】
し張りシートB又はCが出隅入隅成形役物(図2a、b、図3a、b)、パイプ等部品取付部用成形役物及びディスク用シート(図2d、図3d)などの場合は使用する部位の形状に倣った形状、大きさ、肉厚で使用されるが、増し張りシートCの場合、その周縁部3の幅は5〜50mm程度である。
【0028】
一つの検知方法によれば、何れの場合も防水シートA自体に欠陥部分4があった場合(図4)及び増し張りシートB自体に欠陥部分4があった場合(図5)はその欠陥部分4から光が漏れ、また、防水シートA又はDと増し張りシートCの周縁部との接合部(図6)では接合部分5と非接合部分(接合不良部分若しくは欠陥部)6とで明度の差が確認でき両者を明確に判別することができる。さらに、暗所においても接合作業前又は接合作業中及び接合作業後に接合不良個所を容易に発見することができる。
【0029】
【実施例】
次に実施例をあげて本発明を更に詳しく説明するが、本発明はこれらの例によって限定されるものではない。
【0030】
実施例1〜2、比較例1(実施例2は参考例とする)]
裏面層として下記に示す発光物質1〜3(他の実施例も同じ)を表1に示す重量部数(裏面層のコンパウンド100重量部に対する重量部数……他の実施例も同じ)添加した厚さが1.1mmの塩化ビニル製シートを形成し、その表面に表面層として厚さが0.4mmの着色不透明な塩化ビニル製シートをカレンダー成形方法により積層して長尺の防水シートを得た。これらの防水シートの表面から意図的に小さな釘穴(欠陥部)をあけてそれぞれブラックライトを照射しながら検査し、その評価を表1に示す。
【0031】
評価内容(他の実施例、比較例も同じ)
◎:欠陥部が目視で明確に判別できる。
○:注視すれば欠陥部が判別できる。
×:注視しても欠陥部が判別しにくい。
【0032】
【表1】

Figure 0004236350
【0033】
実施例3〜5、比較例2(実施例4は参考例とする)]
裏面層として表2に示す発光物質を添加した厚さが0.6mmの塩化ビニル製シートを押出成形方法により形成し、その表面に表面層として厚さが0.4mmの着色不透明な塩化ビニル製シートを積層して長尺の増し張りシート原反を作成し、これを直径150mmに打ち抜いて、ディスク用増し張りシート(実施例3、比較例2)と、40mm幅に裁断してテープ状シート(実施例4)を得た。また、表2に示す発光物質を添加したエチレンと酢酸ビニル共重合体を射出成形方法により厚さが2mmの入隅用成形役物の裏面層を成形し、これに表面層として着色不透明のエチレンと酢酸ビニル共重合体からなる塗料を厚さ0.1mmコーティングして、入隅用成形役物(実施例5)を得た。それぞれの表面にカッターナイフで切れ目(欠陥部)を入れてブラックライトを照射しながら検査し、その評価を表2に示す。
【0034】
【表2】
Figure 0004236350
【0035】
実施例6〜8、比較例3(実施例6〜8は参考例とする)]
表3に示す発光物質を添加した厚さが2.0mmのオレフィン系熱可塑性エラストマー(TPO)製シートを押出成形方法により長尺の増し張りシートの透明な裏面層を作成し、これを直径80mmに打ち抜いた後、該裏面層の周縁部10mmを残し表面層として厚さ0.2mm、直径60mmの着色不透明なTPO製フィルムを張り合わせてディスク用増し張りシート(実施例6)を得た。前記増し張りシートの透明な裏面層を60mm幅に裁断した後、該裏面層の周縁部を10mm残して、表面層として厚さ0.25mm、40mm幅の着色不透明なTPO製フィルムを張り合わせてテープ状シート(実施例7、比較例3)を得た。また、表3に示す発光物質を添加したTPOを射出成形方法により厚さが1.5mmの入隅用成形役物の裏面層を成形し、これに表面層として着色不透明のエチレンと酢酸ビニル共重合体からなる塗料を厚さ0.1mmコーティングして、入隅用成形役物(実施例8)を得た。それぞれの周縁部を従来周知のTPO製防水シートにブラックライトを照射しながら熱融着で接合し、意図的に一部を接合不良としてその評価を表3に示す。
【0036】
【表3】
Figure 0004236350
【0037】
【発明の効果】
本発明によれば、熱可塑性樹脂又は合成ゴムからなる防水シートを用いて防水処理する際に、表面層と裏面層とで構成された防水シート又は増し張りシートであって、表面層を着色不透明とし、裏面層が発光物質を含有することで、シート自体の欠陥部を容易に目視で観察することが可能となり、作業者が接合作業(施工)前又は接合作業中に施工に適した防水シート又は増し張りシートであるかを容易に確認できる。
【0039】
さらに、熱可塑性樹脂又は合成ゴムからなり、表面層と裏面層とで構成された防水シート又は増し張りシートの欠陥部を検知する方法において、表面層を着色不透明とし、裏面層に発光物質を含有せしめ、これに光を照射して表面層の欠陥部から漏れる光を観察できるようにしたから、前述のようにシート自体の欠陥部を容易に目視で観察して施工前又は施工中に防水処理に適した防水シート又は増し張りシートであるかを容易に確認できる。
【0041】
本発明によると、特に地下やトンネル等の暗い場所で防水施工する場合に、効果的にシート自体の欠陥を検出できる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】 本発明の防水シートの断面図。
【図2】 本発明の増し張りシートの斜視図で、aは入隅用成形役物、bは出隅用成形役物、cはテープ状シート、dはディスク用シートの斜視図。
【図3】 他の増し張りシートの斜視図で、aは入隅用成形役物、bは出隅用成形役物、cはテープ状シート、dはディスク用シートの斜視図。
【図4】 防水シートに欠陥部があった場合の断面図。
【図5】 増し張りシートに欠陥部があった場合の斜視図。
【図6】 他の増し張りシートの施工例の斜視図
【符号の説明】
A:防水シート、B:増し張りシート、C:周縁部が透明層の増し張りシート、D:通常の防水シート、1:表面層、2:裏面層、3:周縁部、4:欠陥部、5:接合部分、6:非接合部分(接合不良部)[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention, a waterproof or reinforcing sheet made of a thermoplastic resin or a synthetic rubber and composed of a surface layer and a back surface layer, or a waterproof sheet composed of a thermoplastic resin or a synthetic rubber and composed of a surface layer and a back surface layer Or it is related with the method of detecting the defective part of an additional tension sheet .
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, in waterproofing work using a waterproof sheet made of thermoplastic resin or synthetic rubber, a heat fusion method, a method using an adhesive, and a machine fixing method are frequently used. As these methods, there is a method in which another waterproof sheet or a reinforce sheet is overlapped on the waterproof sheet, and the two are heated and joined together, or the two are joined via a welding agent or an adhesive. in use.
Since these operations require a high level of skill and skill, variations in the operation are likely to occur due to differences in skill levels.
[0003]
Although this is a difficult joining operation, since a normal waterproof sheet is colored, it is difficult to visually determine the defect of the sheet itself and the quality of the joining state from the outside. With regard to the quality of the joining, a minus driver like what is usually called a check rod is pressed against the joining location, and the joining state is judged based on how the check rod enters.
However, this method cannot detect a minute defect portion such as a pinhole in the sheet itself or a so-called bonding failure at a step portion due to a thickness of a waterproof sheet called a water channel. In addition, since the defective part is detected after the construction is completed, it is difficult to put in a joining tool and repair is difficult because the periphery is joined even if a defective part is found. . In addition, poor bonding leads to a defect in waterproofing work called water leakage.
[0004]
As a method for detecting this bonding failure, there are known a method for confirming the quality of bonding by air leakage using a decompressor, and a method for applying a voltage to a waterproof sheet and confirming a defective portion by discharging current. However, in the method using a decompressor, the area of the joint that can be detected at one time depends on the size of the decompression vessel, and a dedicated decompressor corresponding to the joint portion having a complicated shape such as an entrance / exit corner is required. Therefore, it took a lot of labor and time to inspect the bonding quality of the entire construction site. In addition, the method using the discharge current requires that the base is a conductor, and pinholes can be detected relatively easily, but a high voltage is required at the joints to cause dielectric breakdown of the waterproof sheet. Therefore, it did not become a practical inspection means.
[0005]
JP-A-1-299947 discloses that the waterproof sheet itself is translucent, and when the translucent waterproof sheets are joined together, there is a difference in brightness tone between the bonded part and the non-adhered part. Although it is described that the joining state is visually discriminated by using this, joining in this method is limited to the case of translucent waterproof sheets.
[0006]
Also, a method for visually confirming the destruction of the waterproof sheet itself has been proposed. For example, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 6-280499 has a signal layer including a light reflector or a phosphor layered on the surface of a water-impermeable waterproof sheet. However, it has been shown that when a waterproof sheet is destroyed, it is detected using the difference in luminance of that part with respect to visible light or ultraviolet light, but a method for detecting a defective portion of the waterproof sheet itself is described. Absent.
[0007]
Furthermore, in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 11-201912, when the waterproof treatment is carried out using the upper and lower waterproof sheets made of thermoplastic resin or synthetic rubber as proposed by the applicant of the present application, the upper waterproof sheet is used. Is described, or a light emitting substance is included in or applied to an underwatering waterproof sheet or an adhesive, a welding agent, or a sealing agent, and a defective portion of these joints is detected.
[0008]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
Wherein the present invention is to provide waterproofing with a waterproof or increasing clad sheet consisting of a thermoplastic resin or synthetic rubber, waterproof or increasing clad sheet itself when there is a defect the defect portion easily and reliably detected The purpose is to be able to.
[0009]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The present invention is a waterproof or reinforcing sheet made of a thermoplastic resin or a synthetic rubber and comprising a surface layer and a back surface layer, wherein the surface layer is colored and opaque, the back layer is a transparent layer, A layer and the back layer are laminated and integrally formed, and the back layer contains a luminescent material that emits visible light when irradiated with light.
[0010]
Further, the present invention relates to a method for detecting a defective portion of a waterproof or stretched sheet composed of a thermoplastic resin or a synthetic rubber and composed of a surface layer and a back surface layer, wherein the surface layer is colored and opaque, and the back surface layer A transparent layer, the front surface layer and the back surface layer are laminated and integrally formed, and the back surface layer contains a light-emitting substance that emits visible light when irradiated with light, and the surface is irradiated with light. The light leaking from the defective part of the layer can be observed.
[0011]
If there is a defect in the sheet of the waterproof sheet or the additional sheet itself due to light leaking from the luminescent material by the above means, that is, if there is a defect such as a crack or a pinhole in one or both of the waterproof sheet or the additional sheet, the back layer Since the light hits the luminescent material and emits specific light, it can be detected .
[0012]
The method of the present invention Ri Oh a handy, it can be determined by visual observation of the defects of the sheet itself tarpaulin or increasing upholstery sheet. As a matter of course, when there is no defective portion in the sheet itself or when there is no defective bonding portion, observation with light and detection of the defective portion cannot be performed.
[0013]
In this specification, “light” includes visible light, infrared light, and ultraviolet light, and “transparent” means not only completely transparent but also colored transparent and translucent including satin. Means the transparency that allows visual observation of the joint surface.
In addition to the tape-like sheet that joins waterproof sheets together on a flat surface and further joins them on top of each other, the “stretched sheet” is a molded article for a corner and a molded article for a component mounting part such as a pipe. And a disk sheet used in the machine fixing method.
[0014]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Preferred embodiments and reference examples (FIGS. 3 and 6) of the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to the drawings. Waterproof sheet A (Fig. 1), increased tension sheet B (FIG. 2), C (3) waterproof sheet D of及beauty communication normally consists of a thermoplastic resin or synthetic rubber, waterproof sheet A or increasing clad sheet B Is composed of a surface layer 1 and a back surface layer 2, the surface layer 1 being a colored opaque layer, and the back surface layer 2 being a transparent layer or an opaque layer containing a luminescent substance. Such a waterproof sheet A or a reinforce sheet B is, for example, rolled by calendering the surface layer and simultaneously laminating the surface layer while rolling the back layer, or by coextrusion of the surface layer and the back layer with a two-layer extruder. Can be formed. It is also possible to separate the surface layer and the back layer with a calendar or an extruder and laminate them with heat or an adhesive.
[0016]
Waterproof sheets A, increased tension sheet B, C and this increases clad sheet B, the thermoplastic resin as the vinyl chloride resin used for ordinary tarpaulin D joining the C, a copolymer of ethylene and vinyl acetate, ethylene And acryl-based copolymers, olefin resins, acrylic resins, thermoplastic elastomers (olefin-based, polyester-based, urethane-based, etc.). Examples of the synthetic rubber include SBR, NBR, chlorinated polyethylene, chlorosulfone polyethylene, EPR, EPDM, chloroprene, neoprene, and butadiene. These thermoplastic resins and synthetic rubbers may be used singly or as a mixture of two or more, but considering the bonding strength, those close to the bonding partner are preferable.
[0017]
Waterproof sheets A, increased tension sheet B, tarpaulin D of C及beauty passing normal calendar molding the thermoplastic resin or synthetic rubber, extrusion molding, injection molding, suitable shape and by conventional molding methods such as press molding It can be processed into various thickness sheets and various moldings, and a normal waterproof sheet D can be used in a form well known in this type of technical field.
[0018]
Back layer 2 of the waterproof sheet A and increased tension sheet B, as the light-emitting substance to be applied to the peripheral edge 3 of the increased tension sheet C, fluorescent whitening agents, fluorescent materials, and the like phosphorescent material. Examples of fluorescent brighteners include diaminostilbenzyl sulfonic acid derivatives, bisstyryl biphenyl derivatives, coumarin derivatives, pyrazolone derivatives, bisbenzoxazole derivatives, naphthalimide derivatives, and the like. Examples of the fluorescent substance include fluorescent pigments in which a fluorescent dye is uniformly dissolved in an acrylic resin, a melamine resin, or the like. Examples of phosphorescent substances include calcium sulfide, zinc sulfide, and zinc cadmium sulfide.
[0019]
The above luminescent materials may be used alone or in combination of two or more of the same type or other types, and emit visible light when irradiated with light. When a fluorescent brightener is used alone, it emits blue-violet visible light when irradiated with ultraviolet light such as black light, and when used with a fluorescent substance alone, it emits ultraviolet light such as black light. When the phosphorescent material is used alone and the phosphorescent material is used alone, the phosphorescent material emits visible light specific to the phosphorescent material, and when a plurality of luminescent materials are used, the visible light of each synergistic effect is emitted.
These luminescent materials are blended with a thermoplastic resin or synthetic rubber compound (compound) in the back layer 2 and the peripheral portion 3 to form a predetermined shape.
[0020]
Waterproof sheet A, to amount Formulations 100 parts by weight of the back layer 2 and the peripheral portions 3 each luminescent material to be applied to increase clad sheet B and C, 0.001 to 10 parts by weight is preferred. If the amount is less than 0.001 part by weight, it is difficult to determine whether the sheet itself is defective or whether the joint is good or bad. Addition of 0.001 part by weight or more is preferable in order to obtain a light emitting effect and to easily and reliably discriminate between defects of the sheet itself and bonding quality. However, the addition of up to 10 parts by weight is sufficient for the light emission effect, and the addition exceeding this has little influence on the light emission effect and leads to an increase in cost.
[0021]
When the surface layer 1 of the waterproof sheet A and the reinforcing sheets B and C is colored and opaque, and a luminescent material is added to the back layer 2, in order to improve the light transmission by the light emission of the luminescent material and increase the light emission intensity The back layer 2 is preferably transparent.
[0022]
Waterproof sheets A, fillers Other additives added to the thermoplastic resin and synthetic rubbers for use in increasing clad sheet B and C, plasticizers, stabilizers, lubricants, antioxidants, light stabilizers, ultraviolet absorbing Agents, coloring agents, antibacterial agents, antifungal agents, flame retardants, foaming agents, processing aids and the like. The waterproof sheet A and the stretched sheets B and C can be added to members that require transparency as long as the transparency is not impaired.
[0023]
When the waterproof sheet A and the reinforce sheet B, C are tape-like sheets or disk sheets, a cross base material such as plain weave, orthogonal weave, leash weave, etc. is laminated as long as transparency is not impaired. May be.
[0024]
For joining the waterproof sheets A, the waterproof sheets D, the waterproof sheet A and the waterproof sheet D, and the waterproof sheets A or D and the reinforcing sheet B or C, a method using heating and a method using a welding agent or an adhesive. In the heating method, the sheets are joined by heating with hot air, high frequency, electromagnetic induction, or the like. In the method using a welding agent or an adhesive, the welding agent or the adhesive is applied to one or both of the sheets and bonded. In order to ensure the joining, a method may be used in which a welding rod is used, the welding rod is applied to the end of the sheet, and the sheet and the welding rod are joined with hot air. The welding rod in this case is made of a thermoplastic resin and a synthetic rubber in the same manner as the waterproof sheet A or the reinforcing sheets B and C of the present invention, and may contain a luminescent material. Although the diameter of is arbitrary, a 2.0-5.0 mm thing is used normally.
[0025]
Waterproof sheet A (Fig. 1) takes into account the total thickness is preferably 0.5~3.0mm durability surface layer 0.05~2.95Mm, backing layer is 2.95~0.05mm preferable.
[0026]
Increase was clad sheet B or C is a tape-like sheet (Fig. 2c, Fig. 3c) is not particularly limited dimension in the case of, usually, about width 40~200Mm, for total thickness of 0.5~3.0mm The surface layer is 0.05 to 2.95 mm, and the back layer is 2.95 to 0.05 mm.
[0027]
Increase was clad sheet B or C is external corner inside corner molding combination (Figure 2a, b, FIG. 3a, b), such as pipes component mounting portion for forming combination thereof and the seat disc (Fig. 2d, Figure 3d) when such Is used in a shape, size, and thickness that follows the shape of the portion to be used. In the case of the stretched sheet C, the width of the peripheral edge 3 is about 5 to 50 mm.
[0028]
According to one detection method, in any case, when the waterproof sheet A itself has a defective portion 4 (FIG. 4) and when the stretched sheet B itself has a defective portion 4 (FIG. 5), the defective portion 4 leaks light, and at the joint portion (FIG. 6) between the waterproof sheet A or D and the peripheral edge portion of the additional sheet C, the joint portion 5 and the non-joint portion (joint defective portion or defective portion) 6 have lightness. The difference can be confirmed and the two can be clearly distinguished. Furthermore, it is possible to easily find a defective portion before or during the joining operation and after the joining operation even in a dark place.
[0029]
【Example】
EXAMPLES Next, although an Example is given and this invention is demonstrated in more detail, this invention is not limited by these examples.
[0030]
[ Examples 1 and 2, Comparative Example 1 (Example 2 is a reference example)]
Thickness of addition of luminescent materials 1 to 3 shown below as the back layer (the same applies to other examples) as shown in Table 1 (parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the compound of the back layer ... the same applies to other examples) A 1.1 mm thick vinyl chloride sheet was formed, and a colored opaque vinyl chloride sheet having a thickness of 0.4 mm as a surface layer was laminated on the surface by a calendering method to obtain a long waterproof sheet. Small nail holes (defects) are intentionally made from the surface of these waterproof sheets and inspected while irradiating with black light, and the evaluation is shown in Table 1.
[0031]
Details of evaluation (the same applies to other examples and comparative examples)
A: A defective part can be clearly identified visually.
◯: A defective part can be identified by gazing.
X: It is difficult to distinguish the defective portion even if the user gazes.
[0032]
[Table 1]
Figure 0004236350
[0033]
[ Examples 3 to 5, Comparative Example 2 (Example 4 is a reference example)]
A 0.6-mm-thick vinyl chloride sheet with the addition of the luminescent material shown in Table 2 as the back layer is formed by an extrusion method, and the surface layer is made of colored opaque vinyl chloride with a thickness of 0.4 mm as the surface layer. Laminated sheets are used to create a long stretch original sheet, which is punched out to a diameter of 150 mm, and is then cut into a disk stretched sheet (Example 3, Comparative Example 2) to a width of 40 mm and a tape-like sheet. (Example 4) was obtained. In addition, a back surface layer of a 2 mm-thick molding accessory is formed by injection molding with ethylene and vinyl acetate copolymer added with a luminescent material shown in Table 2, and colored opaque ethylene is used as a surface layer on the back layer. And a coating made of a vinyl acetate copolymer were coated to a thickness of 0.1 mm to obtain a molded article for corner entry (Example 5). Cuts (defects) were made on each surface with a cutter knife and examined while irradiating with black light, and the evaluation is shown in Table 2.
[0034]
[Table 2]
Figure 0004236350
[0035]
[ Examples 6 to 8, Comparative Example 3 (Examples 6 to 8 are reference examples)]
A transparent back layer of a long stretched sheet was prepared by extrusion molding a 2.0 mm-thick olefin thermoplastic elastomer (TPO) sheet to which the light-emitting substance shown in Table 3 was added. Then, a colored opaque TPO film having a thickness of 0.2 mm and a diameter of 60 mm was pasted as a surface layer, leaving a peripheral edge portion of 10 mm, to obtain a reinforce sheet for disk (Example 6). After the transparent back surface layer of the stretched sheet is cut to a width of 60 mm, a 10 mm thick peripheral portion of the back surface layer is left, and a colored opaque TPO film having a thickness of 0.25 mm and a width of 40 mm is pasted as a surface layer. Sheet (Example 7, Comparative Example 3) was obtained. In addition, a TPO to which a luminescent material shown in Table 3 was added was used to form a back surface layer of a 1.5 mm-thick corner molding accessory by an injection molding method, and as a surface layer, colored opaque ethylene and vinyl acetate were mixed. A coating material made of a polymer was coated to a thickness of 0.1 mm to obtain a molded article for corner entry (Example 8). Table 3 shows the evaluation of each peripheral edge part bonded to a conventionally known TPO waterproof sheet by thermal fusion while irradiating black light, and intentionally partly bonding failure.
[0036]
[Table 3]
Figure 0004236350
[0037]
【The invention's effect】
According to the present invention, when waterproofing is performed using a waterproof sheet made of a thermoplastic resin or synthetic rubber, the waterproof sheet or the reinforcing sheet composed of a surface layer and a back surface layer, the surface layer being colored and opaque In addition, since the back layer contains a luminescent material, it is possible to easily visually observe the defective part of the sheet itself, and the waterproof sheet suitable for construction before or during the joining work (construction) by the operator. Or it can be confirmed easily whether it is an additional sheet.
[0039]
Furthermore, in a method for detecting a defective portion of a waterproof sheet or a reinforcing sheet composed of a thermoplastic resin or a synthetic rubber and composed of a surface layer and a back surface layer, the surface layer is colored and opaque, and the back layer contains a luminescent substance. It is possible to observe the light leaking from the defective part of the surface layer by irradiating it with light, so as described above, the defective part of the sheet itself can be easily visually observed and waterproofed before or during construction. It can be easily confirmed whether the sheet is a waterproof sheet or a reinforce sheet.
[0041]
According to the present invention, particularly when waterproofing execution in a dark place underground or a tunnel or the like, can be detected effectively deleted the sheet itself Recessed.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a waterproof sheet of the present invention.
FIGS. 2A and 2B are perspective views of a reinforcing sheet according to the present invention, in which a is a corner forming tool, b is a corner forming tool, c is a tape-like sheet, and d is a perspective view of a disk sheet.
FIGS. 3A and 3B are perspective views of another reinforcing sheet, in which a is a corner forming tool, b is a corner forming tool, c is a tape-like sheet, and d is a perspective view of a disk sheet.
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view when a waterproof sheet has a defect.
FIG. 5 is a perspective view in the case where there is a defect in the additional tension sheet.
[Fig. 6] Perspective view of construction example of other reinforced sheet [Explanation of symbols]
A: Waterproof sheet, B: Reinforced sheet, C: Reinforced sheet whose peripheral part is a transparent layer, D: Normal waterproof sheet, 1: Surface layer, 2: Back layer, 3: Peripheral part, 4: Defect part, 5: Joined part, 6: Non-joined part (joint defective part)

Claims (2)

熱可塑性樹脂又は合成ゴムからなり、表面層と裏面層とで構成された防水又は増し張りシートであって、
前記表面層を着色不透明とし、前記裏面層を透明層として、前記表面層と前記裏面層とを積層一体成形し、前記裏面層には光を照射すると可視光を発光する発光物質が含有されていることを特徴とする防水又は増し張りシート。
A waterproof or reinforcing sheet made of a thermoplastic resin or a synthetic rubber and composed of a front surface layer and a back surface layer,
The surface layer is colored and opaque, the back layer is a transparent layer, the surface layer and the back layer are integrally formed, and the back layer contains a light emitting substance that emits visible light when irradiated with light. waterproof or increased tension sheet and said that you are.
熱可塑性樹脂又は合成ゴムからなり、表面層と裏面層とで構成された防水又は増し張りシートの欠陥部を検知する方法において、In a method for detecting a defective portion of a waterproof or stretched sheet composed of a thermoplastic resin or a synthetic rubber and composed of a front surface layer and a back surface layer,
前記表面層を着色不透明とし、前記裏面層を透明層として、前記表面層と前記裏面層とを積層一体成形し、前記裏面層には光を照射すると可視光を発光する発光物質を含有せしめ、これに光を照射することにより、前記表面層の欠陥部から漏れる光を観察できる防水又は増し張りシートの欠陥部検知方法。The surface layer is colored and opaque, the back layer is a transparent layer, the surface layer and the back layer are laminated and integrally formed, and the back layer contains a luminescent substance that emits visible light when irradiated with light, A method for detecting a defective portion of a waterproof or stretched sheet, in which light leaking from a defective portion of the surface layer can be observed by irradiating light to the surface.
JP29710899A 1999-10-19 1999-10-19 Waterproof or stretched sheet and defect detection method thereof Expired - Lifetime JP4236350B2 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP29710899A JP4236350B2 (en) 1999-10-19 1999-10-19 Waterproof or stretched sheet and defect detection method thereof

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP29710899A JP4236350B2 (en) 1999-10-19 1999-10-19 Waterproof or stretched sheet and defect detection method thereof

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
JP2001115607A JP2001115607A (en) 2001-04-24
JP4236350B2 true JP4236350B2 (en) 2009-03-11

Family

ID=17842325

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP29710899A Expired - Lifetime JP4236350B2 (en) 1999-10-19 1999-10-19 Waterproof or stretched sheet and defect detection method thereof

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JP4236350B2 (en)

Families Citing this family (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1989999B1 (en) 2001-02-22 2012-12-12 Kao Corporation Apparatus for measuring body fat
JP2008121375A (en) * 2006-11-15 2008-05-29 Shizuoka Rekisei Kogyo Kk Waterproofing construction method
JP2012193550A (en) * 2011-03-17 2012-10-11 Sanko Metal Ind Co Ltd Small-sized punching machine for building
JP6090556B2 (en) * 2012-08-01 2017-03-08 藤森工業株式会社 Waterproof sheet, manufacturing method thereof and multilayer coextrusion die
US10060902B2 (en) 2014-12-19 2018-08-28 Stryker Corporation Composite material with failure detection properties
US11254112B2 (en) 2019-07-31 2022-02-22 Stryker Corporation Cover with wear detection properties

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JP2001115607A (en) 2001-04-24

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
JP5310889B2 (en) Pneumatic tire
JPH0435890Y2 (en)
JP4236350B2 (en) Waterproof or stretched sheet and defect detection method thereof
JP5067515B2 (en) Pneumatic tire
US20120204446A1 (en) Layered product for laser bonding, shoe, and process for producing shoe
US8726611B2 (en) Method of installing a roofing membrane
CA2586872A1 (en) Windproof waterproof breathable seamed articles
JPH0919987A (en) Laminate
Koerner et al. Polymeric geomembrane components in landfill liners
JP4740214B2 (en) WELDING AGENT, ADHESIVE, SEALING AGENT AND DEFECT DETECTION DETECTING METHOD USED FOR DETECT DETECTION METHOD
KR20140026610A (en) Self sealing vulcanized system for waterproof coupling of uppers to outsoles
JP4017270B2 (en) Tarpaulin
JP4119541B2 (en) Defect detection method for waterproof sheet joints
JP2008082716A (en) Waterproof sheet and its inspection method
RU2736765C1 (en) Construction waterproofing web, as well as method for its production
JP5586428B2 (en) Civil engineering sheet
JP2008280835A (en) Joint structure and joint method for water-proof sheet
JP2011057203A (en) Pneumatic tire
JP7114060B2 (en) Waterproof Refurbishment Suggestion System
AU2003255806A1 (en) Plastics pipe
Haxo Jr et al. Destructive testing of geomembrane seams: Shear and peel testing of seam strength
JP4056634B2 (en) Joint for repairing waterproof sheet structure and method for repairing waterproof sheet structure
JP4608962B2 (en) Method for diagnosing deterioration of waterproof sheet, jig for collecting waterproof sheet used in this diagnosis method, and laying structure of waterproof sheet
JPH10281918A (en) Leakage position detecting device of water impermeable sheet
JP2006009565A (en) Accessory for installing waterproof sheet

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
A521 Written amendment

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A523

Effective date: 20061019

A621 Written request for application examination

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A621

Effective date: 20061019

RD02 Notification of acceptance of power of attorney

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A7422

Effective date: 20080208

A977 Report on retrieval

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A971007

Effective date: 20080619

A131 Notification of reasons for refusal

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A131

Effective date: 20080624

A521 Written amendment

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A523

Effective date: 20080825

TRDD Decision of grant or rejection written
A01 Written decision to grant a patent or to grant a registration (utility model)

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A01

Effective date: 20081202

A01 Written decision to grant a patent or to grant a registration (utility model)

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A01

A61 First payment of annual fees (during grant procedure)

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A61

Effective date: 20081216

R150 Certificate of patent or registration of utility model

Ref document number: 4236350

Country of ref document: JP

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R150

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R150

FPAY Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database)

Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20111226

Year of fee payment: 3

FPAY Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database)

Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20121226

Year of fee payment: 4

R250 Receipt of annual fees

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250

FPAY Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database)

Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20131226

Year of fee payment: 5

R250 Receipt of annual fees

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250

R250 Receipt of annual fees

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250

R250 Receipt of annual fees

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250

R250 Receipt of annual fees

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250

R250 Receipt of annual fees

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250

R250 Receipt of annual fees

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250

R250 Receipt of annual fees

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250

EXPY Cancellation because of completion of term