JP4235929B2

JP4235929B2 - Vehicle drive device

Info

Publication number: JP4235929B2
Application number: JP17797399A
Authority: JP
Inventors: 博神孫子; 茂中村; 英明長島; 誠吉増田; 正司佐藤; 稔喜多村; 孝永山
Original assignee: Toshiba Corp; Hitachi Ltd; East Japan Railway Co
Current assignee: Toshiba Corp; Hitachi Ltd; East Japan Railway Co
Priority date: 1999-06-24
Filing date: 1999-06-24
Publication date: 2009-03-11
Anticipated expiration: 2019-06-24
Also published as: JP2001001889A

Description

【０００１】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、鉄道等の車両を駆動する電動機を備えた車両駆動装置に係り、特に、電動機の回転を直接車軸に伝達する構成を有する車両駆動装置に関する。
【０００２】
【従来の技術】
電動機の回転を直接車軸に伝達する構成を有する車両駆動装置は、歯車などの動力伝達装置を省略できることから、動力伝達ロスを低減して省エネルギに寄与するとともに、部品点数を低減できるなどの利点があることから、採用が検討されている。
【０００３】
このような車両駆動装置としては、従来、特開昭６３−６９４４４号公報に記載されているように、車輪に挟まれた車軸部分に電動機のロータを同軸に固定し、電動機のステータを車軸に回転自由に軸受けを介して固定する構成のものが知られている。これによれば、車軸に加わる車体重量により車軸が撓むと、その撓みによりロータが撓んで、ロータとステータと間の磁気ギャップを一様に保持することができなくなるという問題がある。このような問題を解決するため、特開平３−６１１５８号公報には、ロータの両端部のみを車軸に固定し、ロータの中央部の内周面と車軸の外周面との間に空隙を設けて、車軸の湾曲をロータに伝達し難くすることが提案されている。また、この場合において、電動機の振動を車軸に伝わり難くするため、特開平３−６１１５９号公報には、ロータの両端部を緩衝材を介して車軸に固定することが提案されている。
【０００４】
一方、文献[Electrische Bahnen eb 88(1990) 12]には、車軸の外側に同軸に中空軸を設け、この中空軸に電動機のロータを嵌挿し、そのロータの外側に同軸に電動機のステータを配置し、そのステータを前記中空軸に軸受け部材を介して回転自由に支承させ、前記中空軸の両端に同軸に設けられたダイアフラム式の継手を介して動力を車軸に伝達することが提案されている。これによれば、車体の重量により車軸が曲がっても、ロータとステータ間の磁気ギャップの大きさが変化し難いことから、ステータとロータ間の隙間を小さく保持して、効率をよくすることができる。
【０００５】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
しかしながら、上記の従来技術によれば、次のような解決すべき課題がある。すなわち、文献[Electrische Bahnen eb 88(1990) 12]に記載の従来技術のように、ロータの回転力をダイアフラム継手を介して車輪に伝達する構成によれば、軸方向の振動はダイアフラムの変形によって吸収できるが、軸径方向の振動は吸収することができない。
【０００６】
このような問題を解決するために、特開平３−６１１５９号公報に記載されているような緩衝材又は弾性材をダイアフラム継手に適用することが考えられる。しかし、減衰効果を得る必要性から、緩衝材又は弾性部材としてゴムを使用する場合、ゴムは金属などに比べて熱、外力等によるクリープ変形や微小な亀裂発生など、劣化が生じ易いことから、強度的な信頼性が問題となる。
【０００７】
そこで、弾性部材が劣化したり、損傷した場合でも、車軸などに重大な損傷を及ぼさないことが要望される。また、弾性部材が劣化したり、損傷した場合に、簡単に交換できることが要望される。
【０００８】
本発明は、弾性部材が劣化又は損傷しても車軸などに重大な損傷を及ぼさないようにすることを課題とする。
【０００９】
また、弾性部材の交換を容易にすることを他の課題とする。
【００１０】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明は、上記課題を解決するため、車軸の外側に同軸に配置された中空状の電動機のロータ部材と、該ロータ部材の外側に同軸に配置された電動機のステータ部材と、前記ロータ部材の両端部を前記車軸に支持するロータ支持部材と、前記ステータ部材を前記ロータ部材に回転自由に支承するステータ支承部材と、前記ステータ部材を車両の固定部材に係止する回転止め部材とを備えてなる車両駆動装置を前提とする。そして、ロータ支持部材を、車軸に固定された第１支持部材と、ロータ部材に固定された第２支持部材と、第１支持部材と第２支持部材とを連結する弾性を有する弾性継手部材と、第１支持部材に対する第２支持部材の車軸径方向の移動量を規制する規制手段と有してなり、該規制手段に係る前記移動量が、前記ロータ部材の内周面と前記車軸の外周面との最小隙間よりも小さい値に設定されたことを特徴とする。
【００１１】
このように、ステータ部材をロータ部材に支承させる構成にしたから、車体の重量により車軸が曲がっても、ロータとステータ間の磁気ギャップの大きさが変化し難い。その結果、ステータとロータ間の隙間を小さく保持して、効率をよくすることができる。しかも、ロータ部材を支持する第１支持部材と第２支持部材とを弾性を有する弾性継手部材で連結したから、軸径方向の振動も吸収することができる。さらに、ロータ部材を支持するロータ支持部材の弾性を有する弾性継手部材が損傷して、第１支持部材と第２支持部材の連結力が低下しても、その車軸径方向の移動量が、少なくともロータ部材の内周面と車軸の外周面との最小隙間以下に制限されるから、ロータ部材の内面が車軸の外面に接触することによる重大な損傷を防止できる。
【００１２】
上記の場合において、ロータ部材は、車軸の外側に配置された中空軸と、この中空軸の外側の嵌挿されたロータとを含んで構成され、ロータ支持部材は、中空軸の両端部に固定する構成にできる。
【００１３】
また、第１支持部材と第２支持部材は、それぞれ車軸及びロータ部材に固定された複数のアーム部を有し、各アーム部に軸回転方向に相互に対向する係合部を設け、その係合部の間に弾性継手部材を挟持させて構成することができ、あるいは、それぞれ車軸及びロータ部材に互いに対向させて一対の円盤状部材を固定し、この一対の円盤状部材の少なくとも一方の円盤面に複数の孔を設け、その孔にそれぞれ弾性部材を介して他方の円盤状部材に固定した棒状部材を挿入して構成することもできる。
【００１４】
上記いずれかの場合において、規制手段は、第２支持部材に設けられた突起と、該突起に対向させて第１支持部材に形成された受け部とから形成することができる。また、弾性継手部材は、ゴムと金属ばねを組み合わせて２直線のばね特性を有して形成することにより、許容荷重以上の過大荷重が作用した場合や、ゴムが損傷した場合でも、金属ばねによって荷重を支えることができるから、信頼性を高めることができる。
【００１５】
さらに、弾性継手部材の温度を検出する非接触式の温度センサをステータ部材に取り付け、弾性継手部材の検出温度を基準温度と比較して異常を検出する手段を設けることにより、弾性継手部材の弾性体の劣化、損傷を検知することができ、信頼性を向上できる。また、車軸の軸受部とステータ部材にそれぞれ加速度センサを取り付け、この加速度センサにより検出された軸受部の上下方向及び軸方向の加速度と、ステータ部材の上下方向加速度及び軸方向の加速度との相関に基づいて、弾性継手部材の異常を検出する手段を設けることにより、弾性継手部材の弾性体の劣化、損傷を検知することができ、信頼性を向上できる。さらに、軸受部材の加速度に対するステータ部材の加速度の伝達特性に基づいて、弾性継手部材の異常を検出する手段を設けることができる。
【００１６】
【実施の形態】
以下、本発明の実施の形態を図面により説明する。図１に、本発明の一実施形態に係る鉄道車両用の駆動装置の構成を一部断面にして示している。図示のように、車軸１の両端部に一対の車輪２が固定され、車輪２から突き出された車軸端に車軸軸受３が嵌め込まれ、この車軸軸受３に連結された懸架装置４を介して台車５が取り付けられている。一対の車輪２の間に位置される車軸１の中央部の外側に、中空軸６が車軸１と同軸に挿通され、その両端がロータ支持部材７を介して車軸１に固定されている。これにより、車輪２を取り外しやすくしている。中空軸６の外側には、同軸にロータ８が嵌挿されている。このロータ８の外側にステータ９が配置されている。ステータ９は、これを包囲して設けられた筒状のステータフレーム１０に取り付けられ、ステータフレーム１０の両端部はステータ軸受１１を介して中空軸６に取り付けられている。これにより、ステータ９はロータ８に対して回転自由に支持されている。ステータフレーム１０は回転止め部材１９により台車５に係止されている。また、ロータ８の外周面とステータ９の内周面とは、所定の間隙(磁気ギャップ)を保持して取り付けられている。
【００１７】
次に、ロータ支持部材７の詳細構成を、図２を用いて説明する。同図(a)はロータ支持部材７を車輪２側から見た図であり、左側の半分を示している。また、同図(ｂ)は、同図(a)のｂ‐ｂ断面図である。それらの図に示すように、ロータ支持部材７は、車軸１に固定された第１支持部材１５と、ロータ部材の中空軸６に固定された第２支持部材１６と、第１支持部材１５と第２支持部材１６とを連結する弾性を有する弾性継手部材１７とを有して構成されている。
【００１８】
第１支持部材１５は、車軸１に嵌挿される環状の胴部１５ａと、この胴部１５ａから放射状に突き出された板状の複数(図示例は、４個)アーム部１５ｂとを有して形成されている。同様に、第２支持部材１６は、中空軸６に嵌挿される環状の胴部１６ａと、この胴部１６ａから放射状に突き出された板状の複数(図示例は、４個)のアーム部１６ｂとを有して形成されている。それぞれのアーム部１５ｂ、１６ｂは、回転方向に互い違いになるようにずらして配置され、かつ同図(ｂ)に示すように、アーム部１５ｂ、１６ｂの板面が対向する形状に形成されている。そして、対向するアーム部によって形成されるくさび型の空間に弾性を有する弾性継手部材１７がそれぞれ装着されている。
【００１９】
弾性継手部材１７は、ゴム部材からなる弾性体１７ａと、この弾性体１７ａを挟んで配置されたアルミニウム材からなる一対の介装材１７ｂとから形成され、それらは例えば接着剤等により予め一体化されている。なお、弾性継手部材１７は、全体をゴムで形成してもよいが、振動の減衰を考慮して適宜の厚みに設定する。さらに、各アーム部１５ｂ、１６ｂは、それぞれ相手の支持部材の胴部１６ａ、１５ａの外周面にオーバーハングするように形成され、各アーム部１５ｂ、１６ｂとこれに対向する胴部１６ａ、１５ａの外周面との間隙ａは、図３に示すように、中空軸６の内周面と車軸１の外周面との最小隙間ｂよりも小さい値に設定されている。これにより、第１支持部材１５に対する第２支持部材１６の車軸径方向の移動量を規制する規制手段が形成されている。
【００２０】
つまり、何らかの原因で、弾性体１７ａのいくつかが損傷して、実質的に脱落したと同等になった場合、第２支持部材１６がロータ８の重さで軸径方向に落下することになる。この場合、中空軸６が振動的に偏芯回転するので、中空軸６が車軸１に接触すると、車軸１を損傷させてしまうおそれがある。しかし、本実施形態によれば、弾性体１７ａのいくつかが損傷して第２支持部材１６が軸径方向に落下しても、アーム部１６ｂの下面が第１支持部材１５の胴部１５ａに当接する位置で移動が規制される。その結果、中空軸６と車軸１との間隙が少なくとも確保されるので、中空軸６により車軸が損傷されるのを防止できる。
【００２１】
このように、図１、２に示した実施の形態によれば、ロータ部材を構成する中空軸６をロータ支持部材７を介して直接車軸１２を駆動する構成にし、かつロータ支持部材７を車軸１と中空軸６にそれぞれ固定された第１と第２の支持部材１５、１６を弾性を有する弾性継手部材１７を介して連結した構成にしているから、車輪２からの衝撃的な振動が、電動機に伝わる軸径方向の振動及び軸方向の振動を吸収することができる。
【００２２】
また、第１支持部材１５に対する第２支持部材１６の車軸径方向の移動量を規制する規制手段により、弾性体１７ａが劣化又は損傷しても、車軸１などに重大な損傷を及ぼさないようにすることができる。
【００２３】
さらに、くさび型の介装材１７ｂに弾性体１７ａを挟持させた弾性継手部材１７は、軸径方向に容易に脱着できることから、弾性体が劣化又は損傷しても、簡単に交換を行うことができる。すなわち、弾性継手部材１７の装着及び脱着を、全てロータ支持部材７の半径方向の外側から行うことができるから、図１から見て明らかなように、車軸方向の間隔が狭い場合であっても、車輪２などを取り外すことなく、弾性部材１７の保守を行うことができる。
【００２４】
ここで、図１の実施形態の他の特徴について説明する。まず、弾性継手部材７の温度を検出する非接触式の温度センサ１２がステータフレーム１０に取り付けられている。つまり、弾性継手部材７の弾性体１７ａのいくつかに損傷が発生すると、荷重を残りの弾性体１７ａで負担することになる。これにより、個々の弾性体１７ａの負荷が増加して発熱が増加するので、温度センサ１２の検出温度を監視することにより、弾性体１７ａの劣化、損傷を検知できる。また、弾性継手部材７は、一般に、焼きばめと称される方法により車軸１又は中空軸６に嵌挿されるが、何らかの原因で、車軸１あるいは中空軸６との嵌合部ですべりが生ずるおそれがある。このような場合、そのすべりによる摩擦熱によって、ロータ支持部材７回りの温度が上昇するから、その温度上昇からロータ支持部材７の異常を発見することが可能である。
【００２５】
また、車軸軸受３とステータフレーム１０に、それぞれ加速度センサ１３を取り付け、上下方向と軸方向の加速度を測定するようにしている。そして、正常走行時における車軸軸受３の上下方向加速度とステータフレーム１０の上下方向加速度の相関を測定しておき、その相関から大幅にずれた値が検出されたとき、異常と判断するようにする。同様に、軸方向に対しても、正常走行時における車軸軸受３の軸方向加速度とステータフレーム１０の軸方向加速度の相関を測定しておき、その相関から大幅にずれた値が検出されたとき、異常と判断するようにする。さらに、測定された車軸軸受３の加速度に対するステータフレーム１０の加速度の応答倍率を計算し、周波数に対する伝達特性を正常運転時に求めておき、これらの伝達特性と異なった伝達特性が検出された場合に、弾性継手部材１７の検査を行うようにすれば弾性継手部材１７の信頼性を向上させることができる。
【００２６】
図４、５に、本発明に係る弾性継手部材の他の実施形態を示す。図４は、図２の場合と同様、同図(ａ)はロータ支持部材２０を車輪２側から見た図であり、左側の半分を示している。また、同図(ｂ)は、同図(a)のｂ‐ｂ断面図である。それらの図に示すように、ロータ支持部材２０は、車軸１に固定された第１支持部材２１と、中空軸６に固定された第２支持部材２２と、第１支持部材２１と第２支持部材２２とを連結する弾性を有する弾性継手部材２４とを有して構成されている。図５は、弾性継手部材２４の取り付け状態を示す拡大図である。それらの図に示すように、第１支持部材２１と第２支持部材２２は、それぞれ中心に貫通孔２１ａ、２２ａを有する円盤状に形成され、それらの円盤面を対向させて車軸１と中空軸６に貫通孔２１ａ、２２ａを嵌挿させて固定されている。第１支持部材２１の円盤面には、周方向に沿って、複数の貫通孔２１ｂが穿設されている。そして、その貫通孔２１ｂに弾性を有する円筒形の弾性継手部材２４が装着されている。この弾性継手部材２４は、円筒形の弾性体２４ａの内周に金属製リング２４ｂを、外周に金属製リング２４ｃを貼り付けて形成されている。そして、金属製リング２４ｂの内側に金属製バー２５が軸方向に移動自由に挿入されている。この金属製バー２５の一端は、対向する円盤状の第２支持部材２２の円盤面に穿設された通孔２２ｂに挿通されて固定されている。また、第１と第２の支持部材の対向する円盤面に、環状の溝２１ｃ、２２ｃがそれぞれ形成され、この対向する溝によって弾性体２６が挟持されている。これらの弾性体２４ａ、２６により、軸径方向の振動と軸方向の振動を吸収するとともに、第２支持部材２２側の動力を第１支持部材２１側に伝達する。つまり、車輪２からの衝撃的な振動が、電動機に伝わる軸径方向の振動及び軸方向の振動を吸収することができる。
【００２７】
また、図５に示すように、第１支持部材２１の円盤面に環状溝２８を形成し、第２支持部材２２の円盤面に環状の突条２８を形成し、突条２８を環状溝２７内に臨ませて組み立てられている。特に、環状溝２７の内径側の溝壁と突条２８の間隔ａは、中空軸６の内周面と車軸１の外周面との最小隙間ｂよりも小さい値に設定されている。これにより、第１支持部材２１に対する第２支持部材２２の車軸径方向の移動量を規制する規制手段が形成され、図１、２の実施形態と同様に、弾性体２４ｃが劣化又は損傷しても、車軸１などに重大な損傷を及ぼさないようにすることができる。また、弾性体２４ｃを含む弾性継手部材２４は、軸方向に脱着できることから、弾性体が劣化又は損傷しても、簡単に交換を行うことができる。
【００２８】
図６に、本発明の係る弾性継手部材のさらに他の実施形態を示す。この実施形態が、図２の実施形態と異なる点は、弾性体１７ａを挟む介装材１７ｂの対向する面に有底孔１７ｃをそれぞれ穿設するとともに、有底孔１７ｃに対応する位置の弾性体１７ａに通孔を穿設し、一対の有底孔１７ｃ底に渡して金属ばね１７ｄを装着したことにある。この実施形態によれば、図７に示すような、二直線のばね特性を有する弾性部材を実現でき、許容荷重以上の過大荷重が作用した場合や、ゴムが損傷した場合でも、金属ばねによって荷重を支えることができるから、弾性継手部材の信頼性を向上させることができる。
【００２９】
図８に、本発明に係る弾性継手部材のさらに他の実施形態の要部を示す。この実施形態が、図４に示した実施形態と異なる点は、貫通孔２１ｂの内周面と金属製リング２４ｃとの間に、金属ばね２４ｄを介在させたこと、及び、弾性体２６と溝２２ｃの底部との間に、金属ばね３０を介在させたことにある。これによれば、図７に示すような二直線のバネ特性を有する弾性部材を実現でき、許容荷重以上の過大荷重が作用した場合や、ゴムが損傷した場合でも、金属ばねによって荷重を支えることができるから、弾性継手部材の信頼性を向上させることができる。
【００３０】
図９に、図２に示した弾性継手部材１７の取り付け又は固定方法の具体的な例を示す。図において、図２と同一の機能構成を有する部品には、同一の符号を付して説明を省略する。本例に係る各アーム部１５ｂ、１６ｂの先端部の介装材１７ｂが装着される面に、キー溝３１が形成され、このキー溝３１に合わせて介装材１７ｂの肩に、キー３２の厚みよりも少し広い幅の段部１７ｃが形成されている。したがって、キー３２はアーム部１５ｂ、１６ｂの径方向に沿って介装材１７ｂの段部１７ｃに挿入した後、キー溝３１側にずらして装着することができる。このキー３２は、キー押え３３によって固定されるようになっている。すなわち、キー押え３３の断面形状は、図示のように、アーム部１５ｂ、１６ｂの先端と、これを挟んだ両側のキー３２の外側を包む形状に形成されている。そして、キー押え３３は、ボルト３４によりアーム部１５ｂ、１６ｂの先端部に固定されるようになっている。
【００３１】
このように構成されることから、弾性継手部材１７の装着及び脱着、固定を、全てロータ支持部材７の半径方向から行うことができるから、図１から見て明らかなように、車軸方向の間隔が狭い場合であっても、車輪２などを取り外すことなく、弾性部材１７の保守を行うことができる。また、ボルト３４のねじ込み量を調整して、キー押え３３による弾性継手部材１７の押し込み力を調整することにより、弾性体１７ａに予面圧を与えておくことができる。
【００３２】
【発明の効果】
以上述べたように、本発明によれば、弾性部材が劣化又は損傷しても車軸などに重大な損傷を及ぼさないようにすることができる。
【００３３】
また、弾性部材の交換を容易に行うことができる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】本発明の一実施の形態に係る車両駆動装置の全体構成を一部断面にして示した図である。
【図２】本発明の特徴部に係るローター支持部材の一実施の形態の構成を示す図である。
【図３】図１の要部拡大図である。
【図４】本発明の特徴部に係るローター支持部材の他の一実施の形態の構成を示す図である。
【図５】図４のロータ支持部材を車両駆動装置に取り付けた場合の要部拡大図である。
【図６】図２のローター支持部材の変形例を示す図である。
【図７】図６のローター支持部材のばね特性を示す図である。
【図８】図４のローター支持部材の変形例を示す図である。
【図９】図２のローター支持部材に係る弾性継手部材の固定方法の具体例を示す図である。
【符号の説明】
１車軸
３車軸軸受
６中空軸
７ローター支持部材
８ロータ
９ステータ
１０ステータフレーム
１１ステータ軸受
１２温度センサ
１３加速度センサ
１５第１支持部材
１６第２支持部材
１７弾性継手部材
１７ａ弾性体
１７ｄ金属ばね
２０ローター支持部材
２１第１支持部材
２２第２支持部材
２４弾性継手部材
２４ａ弾性体
２６弾性体
３０金属ばね[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a vehicle drive apparatus including an electric motor that drives a vehicle such as a railroad, and more particularly to a vehicle drive apparatus having a configuration for directly transmitting rotation of an electric motor to an axle.
[0002]
[Prior art]
The vehicle drive device having a configuration for directly transmitting the rotation of the electric motor to the axle can omit a power transmission device such as a gear, so that it is possible to reduce power transmission loss and contribute to energy saving and to reduce the number of parts. Therefore, adoption is being considered.
[0003]
As such a vehicle drive device, as described in Japanese Patent Laid - Open No. 63-69444, a rotor of an electric motor is coaxially fixed to an axle portion sandwiched between wheels, and a stator of the electric motor is used as an axle. There is known a configuration in which it can be freely rotated via a bearing. According to this, when the axle is bent due to the weight of the vehicle body applied to the axle, there is a problem that the rotor is bent due to the deflection and the magnetic gap between the rotor and the stator cannot be maintained uniformly. In order to solve such a problem, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 3-61158 discloses that both ends of the rotor are fixed to the axle, and a gap is provided between the inner peripheral surface of the central portion of the rotor and the outer peripheral surface of the axle. Thus, it has been proposed to make it difficult to transmit the curve of the axle to the rotor. In this case, in order to make it difficult for the vibration of the electric motor to be transmitted to the axle, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 3-61159 proposes fixing both ends of the rotor to the axle via a cushioning material.
[0004]
On the other hand, in the document [Electrische Bahnen eb 88 (1990) 12], a hollow shaft is provided coaxially on the outside of the axle, and the rotor of the motor is inserted into the hollow shaft, and the stator of the motor is arranged coaxially on the outside of the rotor. Then, it is proposed that the stator is rotatably supported on the hollow shaft via a bearing member, and the power is transmitted to the axle via a diaphragm type joint coaxially provided at both ends of the hollow shaft. . According to this, even when the axle is bent due to the weight of the vehicle body, the size of the magnetic gap between the rotor and the stator is difficult to change, so the gap between the stator and the rotor can be kept small to improve efficiency. it can.
[0005]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, according to the above prior art, there are the following problems to be solved. That is, as in the prior art described in the literature [Electrische Bahnen eb 88 (1990) 12], according to the configuration in which the rotational force of the rotor is transmitted to the wheel via the diaphragm joint, the axial vibration is caused by the deformation of the diaphragm. It can absorb, but cannot absorb vibrations in the axial direction.
[0006]
In order to solve such a problem, it is conceivable to apply a buffer material or an elastic material as described in JP-A-3-61159 to the diaphragm joint. However, from the need to obtain a damping effect, when rubber is used as a cushioning material or an elastic member, the rubber is likely to be deteriorated, such as creep deformation due to heat, external force, etc., and generation of minute cracks, compared to metal, etc. Strength reliability is a problem.
[0007]
Therefore, even when the elastic member is deteriorated or damaged, it is desired that the axle or the like is not seriously damaged. Further, it is desired that the elastic member can be easily replaced when it is deteriorated or damaged.
[0008]
It is an object of the present invention to prevent the axle from being seriously damaged even if the elastic member is deteriorated or damaged.
[0009]
Another object is to facilitate replacement of the elastic member.
[0010]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention provides a rotor member of a hollow electric motor coaxially disposed outside the axle, a stator member of the electric motor coaxially disposed outside the rotor member, and the rotor member. A rotor support member that supports both ends of the shaft on the axle; a stator support member that rotatably supports the stator member on the rotor member; and a rotation stop member that locks the stator member to a fixed member of a vehicle. Assuming a vehicle drive device. The rotor support member includes a first support member fixed to the axle, a second support member fixed to the rotor member, and an elastic joint member having elasticity for connecting the first support member and the second support member. And a restricting means for restricting the amount of movement of the second support member in the radial direction of the axle relative to the first support member. The amount of movement of the restricting means is determined by the inner peripheral surface of the rotor member and the outer periphery of the axle. It is characterized by being set to a value smaller than the minimum clearance with the surface.
[0011]
As described above, since the stator member is supported on the rotor member, even if the axle is bent due to the weight of the vehicle body, the size of the magnetic gap between the rotor and the stator is difficult to change. As a result, the gap between the stator and the rotor can be kept small to improve efficiency. And since the 1st support member and 2nd support member which support a rotor member were connected by the elastic coupling member which has elasticity, the vibration of an axial radial direction can also be absorbed. Furthermore, even if the elastic joint member having elasticity of the rotor support member that supports the rotor member is damaged and the coupling force between the first support member and the second support member is reduced, the movement amount in the axle radial direction is at least Since the clearance is limited to be less than the minimum gap between the inner peripheral surface of the rotor member and the outer peripheral surface of the axle, it is possible to prevent serious damage caused by the contact of the inner surface of the rotor member with the outer surface of the axle.
[0012]
In the above case, the rotor member is configured to include a hollow shaft disposed outside the axle and a rotor fitted and inserted outside the hollow shaft, and the rotor support member is fixed to both ends of the hollow shaft. Can be configured.
[0013]
Each of the first support member and the second support member has a plurality of arm portions fixed to the axle and the rotor member, and each arm portion is provided with an engagement portion facing each other in the axial rotation direction. The elastic joint member can be sandwiched between the joint portions, or a pair of disk-shaped members are fixed to the axle and the rotor member so as to face each other, and at least one of the pair of disk-shaped members is fixed. A plurality of holes may be provided on the disk surface, and a rod-shaped member fixed to the other disk-shaped member may be inserted into each hole via an elastic member.
[0014]
In any of the above cases, the restricting means can be formed from a protrusion provided on the second support member and a receiving portion formed on the first support member so as to face the protrusion. In addition, the elastic joint member is formed by combining rubber and a metal spring to have two linear spring characteristics, so that even if an excessive load exceeding the allowable load is applied or the rubber is damaged, Since the load can be supported, the reliability can be improved.
[0015]
Further, a non-contact temperature sensor for detecting the temperature of the elastic joint member is attached to the stator member, and a means for detecting an abnormality by comparing the detected temperature of the elastic joint member with the reference temperature is provided. Deterioration and damage of the body can be detected, and reliability can be improved. In addition, an acceleration sensor is attached to each of the bearing portion and the stator member of the axle, and the correlation between the vertical and axial accelerations of the bearing portion detected by the acceleration sensor and the vertical and axial accelerations of the stator member is used. Based on this, by providing a means for detecting an abnormality of the elastic joint member, it is possible to detect deterioration and damage of the elastic body of the elastic joint member, and to improve reliability. Furthermore, a means for detecting an abnormality of the elastic joint member can be provided based on the transmission characteristic of the acceleration of the stator member with respect to the acceleration of the bearing member.
[0016]
Embodiment
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a partial cross-sectional view showing a configuration of a railway vehicle drive device according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in the figure, a pair of wheels 2 are fixed to both ends of the axle 1, and an axle bearing 3 is fitted to the axle end protruding from the wheel 2, and the carriage is connected via a suspension device 4 connected to the axle bearing 3. 5 is attached. A hollow shaft 6 is inserted coaxially with the axle 1 outside the central portion of the axle 1 located between the pair of wheels 2, and both ends thereof are fixed to the axle 1 via a rotor support member 7. This makes it easy to remove the wheel 2. A rotor 8 is coaxially inserted into the outside of the hollow shaft 6. A stator 9 is disposed outside the rotor 8. The stator 9 is attached to a cylindrical stator frame 10 provided so as to surround the stator 9, and both end portions of the stator frame 10 are attached to the hollow shaft 6 via a stator bearing 11. Thereby, the stator 9 is supported rotatably with respect to the rotor 8. The stator frame 10 is locked to the carriage 5 by a rotation stop member 19 . The outer peripheral surface of the rotor 8 and the inner peripheral surface of the stator 9 are attached with a predetermined gap (magnetic gap).
[0017]
Next, a detailed configuration of the rotor support member 7 will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 4A is a view of the rotor support member 7 as viewed from the wheel 2 side, and shows the left half. FIG. 2B is a cross-sectional view taken along the line bb of FIG. As shown in these drawings, the rotor support member 7 includes a first support member 15 fixed to the axle 1, a second support member 16 fixed to the hollow shaft 6 of the rotor member, and a first support member 15. An elastic joint member 17 having elasticity for connecting the second support member 16 is provided.
[0018]
The first support member 15 includes an annular body portion 15a that is inserted into the axle 1 and a plurality of plate-like (four in the illustrated example) arm portions 15b that project radially from the body portion 15a. Is formed. Similarly, the second support member 16 includes an annular body portion 16a that is fitted into the hollow shaft 6, and a plurality of plate-like (four in the illustrated example) arm portions 16b that project radially from the body portion 16a. Are formed. The respective arm portions 15b and 16b are arranged so as to be staggered in the rotation direction, and as shown in FIG. 5B, the arm portions 15b and 16b are formed so that the plate surfaces thereof face each other. . The elastic joint members 17 having elasticity are respectively attached to the wedge-shaped spaces formed by the opposing arm portions.
[0019]
The elastic joint member 17 is formed of an elastic body 17a made of a rubber member and a pair of interposing materials 17b made of an aluminum material sandwiched between the elastic bodies 17a, and these are integrated in advance by an adhesive or the like, for example. Has been. The elastic coupling member 17 may be formed entirely of rubber, but to set the appropriate thickness in consideration of the attenuation of vibration. Is found, the respective arm portions 15b, 16b are barrel 16a of the respective mating of the support member is formed to overhang the outer peripheral surface of 15a, the arm portions 15b, 16b and which the opposite barrel 16a, As shown in FIG. 3, the gap a with the outer peripheral surface of 15 a is set to a value smaller than the minimum clearance b between the inner peripheral surface of the hollow shaft 6 and the outer peripheral surface of the axle 1. Thereby, the control means which controls the movement amount of the 2nd support member 16 with respect to the 1st support member 15 in the axle shaft radial direction is formed.
[0020]
In other words, if for some reason, some of the elastic bodies 17a are damaged and become substantially equivalent to falling off, the second support member 16 will drop in the axial direction due to the weight of the rotor 8. . In this case, since the hollow shaft 6 rotates eccentrically in vibration, if the hollow shaft 6 contacts the axle 1, the axle 1 may be damaged. However, according to the present embodiment, even if some of the elastic bodies 17a are damaged and the second support member 16 falls in the axial direction, the lower surface of the arm portion 16b remains on the trunk portion 15a of the first support member 15. The movement is restricted at the abutting position. As a result, at least a gap between the hollow shaft 6 and the axle 1 is secured, so that the axle can be prevented from being damaged by the hollow shaft 6.
[0021]
Thus, according to the embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the hollow shaft 6 constituting the rotor member is configured to directly drive the axle 12 via the rotor support member 7, and the rotor support member 7 is adapted to the axle. Since the first and second support members 15 and 16 fixed to the 1 and the hollow shaft 6 are connected via an elastic joint member 17 having elasticity, shock vibration from the wheel 2 is It is possible to absorb axial radial vibration and axial vibration transmitted to the electric motor.
[0022]
Further, even if the elastic body 17a is deteriorated or damaged by the restricting means for restricting the movement amount of the second support member 16 in the axle radial direction with respect to the first support member 15, the axle 1 or the like is not seriously damaged. can do.
[0023]
Further, since the elastic joint member 17 having the elastic body 17a sandwiched between the wedge-shaped interposing materials 17b can be easily detached in the axial direction, it can be easily replaced even if the elastic body is deteriorated or damaged. it can. That is, since the elastic joint member 17 can be attached and detached from the outer side of the rotor support member 7 in the radial direction, as is apparent from FIG. The elastic member 17 can be maintained without removing the wheel 2 or the like.
[0024]
Here, other features of the embodiment of FIG. 1 will be described. First, a non-contact type temperature sensor 12 that detects the temperature of the elastic joint member 7 is attached to the stator frame 10. That is, if some of the elastic bodies 17a of the elastic joint member 7 are damaged, the load is borne by the remaining elastic bodies 17a. Thereby, since the load of each elastic body 17a increases and heat generation increases, the deterioration and damage of the elastic body 17a can be detected by monitoring the temperature detected by the temperature sensor 12. Further, the elastic joint member 7 is generally fitted into the axle 1 or the hollow shaft 6 by a method called shrink fitting, but for some reason, sliding occurs at the fitting portion with the axle 1 or the hollow shaft 6. There is a fear. In such a case, the temperature around the rotor support member 7 rises due to frictional heat due to the slip, and therefore it is possible to find an abnormality in the rotor support member 7 from the temperature rise.
[0025]
Further, an acceleration sensor 13 is attached to each of the axle bearing 3 and the stator frame 10 to measure the acceleration in the vertical direction and the axial direction. Then, the correlation between the vertical acceleration of the axle bearing 3 and the vertical acceleration of the stator frame 10 during normal running is measured, and when a value deviating significantly from the correlation is detected, it is determined that there is an abnormality. . Similarly, when the correlation between the axial acceleration of the axle bearing 3 and the axial acceleration of the stator frame 10 during normal running is measured with respect to the axial direction, and a value significantly deviating from the correlation is detected. Try to judge it as abnormal. Further, the response magnification of the acceleration of the stator frame 10 with respect to the measured acceleration of the axle bearing 3 is calculated, and a transfer characteristic with respect to the frequency is obtained during normal operation, and when a transfer characteristic different from these transfer characteristics is detected. If the elastic joint member 17 is inspected, the reliability of the elastic joint member 17 can be improved.
[0026]
4 and 5 show another embodiment of the elastic joint member according to the present invention. 4 (a) is a view of the rotor support member 20 as viewed from the wheel 2 side, and shows the left half, as in the case of FIG. FIG. 2B is a cross-sectional view taken along the line bb of FIG. As shown in these drawings, the rotor support member 20 includes a first support member 21 fixed to the axle 1, a second support member 22 fixed to the hollow shaft 6, and the first support member 21 and the second support. An elastic joint member 24 having elasticity for connecting the member 22 is provided. FIG. 5 is an enlarged view showing an attached state of the elastic joint member 24 . As shown in these drawings, the first support member 21 and the second support member 22 are formed in a disc shape having through holes 21a and 22a at the centers, respectively, and the axle surface 1 and the hollow shaft are arranged with their disc surfaces facing each other. The through-holes 21 a and 22 a are fitted and fixed to 6. A plurality of through holes 21b are formed in the disk surface of the first support member 21 along the circumferential direction. A cylindrical elastic joint member 24 having elasticity is attached to the through hole 21b. The elastic joint member 24 is formed by attaching a metal ring 24b to the inner periphery of a cylindrical elastic body 24a and a metal ring 24c to the outer periphery. A metal bar 25 is inserted inside the metal ring 24b so as to be freely movable in the axial direction. One end of the metal bar 25 is inserted and fixed in a through hole 22b formed in the disk surface of the opposing disk-shaped second support member 22. In addition, annular grooves 21c and 22c are formed on the opposing disk surfaces of the first and second support members, respectively, and the elastic body 26 is sandwiched between the opposing grooves. These elastic bodies 24a and 26 absorb the vibration in the axial radial direction and the vibration in the axial direction, and transmit the power on the second support member 22 side to the first support member 21 side. That is, shock vibration from the wheel 2 can absorb axial vibration and axial vibration transmitted to the electric motor.
[0027]
Further, as shown in FIG. 5, an annular groove 28 is formed on the disk surface of the first support member 21, an annular protrusion 28 is formed on the disk surface of the second support member 22, and the protrusion 28 is formed on the annular groove 27. It is assembled facing the inside. In particular, the distance a between the groove wall on the inner diameter side of the annular groove 27 and the protrusion 28 is set to a value smaller than the minimum gap b between the inner peripheral surface of the hollow shaft 6 and the outer peripheral surface of the axle 1. This forms a restricting means for restricting the amount of movement of the second support member 22 in the axle radial direction relative to the first support member 21, and the elastic body 24 c is deteriorated or damaged as in the embodiment of FIGS. However, it is possible to prevent serious damage to the axle 1 and the like. Further, since the elastic joint member 24 including the elastic body 24c can be detached in the axial direction, it can be easily replaced even if the elastic body is deteriorated or damaged.
[0028]
FIG. 6 shows still another embodiment of the elastic joint member according to the present invention. This embodiment is different from the embodiment of FIG. 2 in that a bottomed hole 17c is formed in the opposing surface of the interposing material 17b sandwiching the elastic body 17a, and the elasticity at a position corresponding to the bottomed hole 17c. The through hole is formed in the body 17a, and the metal spring 17d is attached to the bottom of the pair of bottomed holes 17c. According to this embodiment, an elastic member having two straight spring characteristics as shown in FIG. 7 can be realized, and even if an excessive load exceeding the allowable load is applied or the rubber is damaged, the load is applied by the metal spring. Therefore, the reliability of the elastic joint member can be improved.
[0029]
FIG. 8 shows a main part of still another embodiment of the elastic joint member according to the present invention. This embodiment differs from the embodiment shown in FIG. 4 in that a metal spring 24d is interposed between the inner peripheral surface of the through hole 21b and the metal ring 24c, and the elastic body 26 and the groove This is because a metal spring 30 is interposed between the bottom of 22c. According to this, an elastic member having two straight spring characteristics as shown in FIG. 7 can be realized, and even when an excessive load exceeding the allowable load is applied or the rubber is damaged, the load is supported by the metal spring. Therefore, the reliability of the elastic joint member can be improved.
[0030]
FIG. 9 shows a specific example of a method for attaching or fixing the elastic joint member 17 shown in FIG. In the figure, parts having the same functional configuration as in FIG. A key groove 31 is formed on the surface on which the interposing material 17b at the tip of each arm portion 15b, 16b according to the present example is mounted. A stepped portion 17c having a width slightly wider than the thickness is formed. Therefore, the key 32 can be attached to the key groove 31 side after being inserted into the stepped portion 17c of the interposing material 17b along the radial direction of the arm portions 15b and 16b. The key 32 is fixed by a key presser 33. That is, as shown in the drawing, the cross-sectional shape of the key presser 33 is formed so as to wrap the tip of the arm portions 15b and 16b and the outside of the key 32 on both sides sandwiching the tip. The key presser 33 is fixed to the distal ends of the arm portions 15b and 16b by bolts 34.
[0031]
With this configuration, the elastic joint member 17 can be attached, detached, and fixed from the radial direction of the rotor support member 7, and as is apparent from FIG. Even if it is narrow, maintenance of the elastic member 17 can be performed without removing the wheel 2 or the like. Further, by adjusting the screwing amount of the bolt 34 and adjusting the pushing force of the elastic joint member 17 by the key presser 33, a preload can be applied to the elastic body 17a.
[0032]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the present invention, even if the elastic member is deteriorated or damaged, it is possible to prevent the axle from being seriously damaged.
[0033]
In addition, the elastic member can be easily replaced.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a partial cross-sectional view of an overall configuration of a vehicle drive device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a configuration of an embodiment of a rotor support member according to a characteristic part of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of a main part of FIG. 1;
FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a configuration of another embodiment of a rotor support member according to a feature of the present invention.
5 is an enlarged view of a main part when the rotor support member of FIG. 4 is attached to a vehicle drive device.
6 is a view showing a modification of the rotor support member of FIG. 2. FIG.
7 is a view showing the spring characteristics of the rotor support member of FIG. 6. FIG.
FIG. 8 is a view showing a modification of the rotor support member of FIG.
9 is a view showing a specific example of a method for fixing an elastic joint member according to the rotor support member of FIG. 2;
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Axle 3 Axle bearing 6 Hollow shaft 7 Rotor support member 8 Rotor 9 Stator 10 Stator frame 11 Stator bearing 12 Temperature sensor 13 Acceleration sensor 15 First support member 16 Second support member 17 Elastic joint member 17a Elastic body 17d Metal spring 20 Rotor Support member 21 First support member 22 Second support member 24 Elastic joint member 24a Elastic body 26 Elastic body 30 Metal spring

Claims

A rotor member of a hollow electric motor coaxially arranged outside the axle, a stator member of the electric motor coaxially arranged outside the rotor member, and a rotor support member that supports both ends of the rotor member on the axle A stator support member that rotatably supports the stator member on the rotor member, and a rotation stop member that locks the stator member to a fixed member of a vehicle, wherein the rotor support member is fixed to the axle. A first support member, a second support member fixed to the rotor member, an elastic joint member having elasticity for connecting the first support member and the second support member, and a second support for the first support member. A restricting means for restricting the amount of movement of the member in the axial direction of the axle, and the amount of movement of the restricting means is smaller than a minimum gap between the inner peripheral surface of the rotor member and the outer peripheral surface of the axle. In Vehicle driving apparatus characterized in that it is a constant.

2. The rotor member according to claim 1, wherein the rotor member includes a hollow shaft disposed outside the axle, and a rotor fitted and inserted outside the hollow shaft, and the rotor support member includes both ends of the hollow shaft. A vehicle drive device characterized by being fixed to a part.

3. The first support member and the second support member according to claim 1 or 2, wherein each of the first support member and the second support member has a plurality of arm portions fixed to the axle and the rotor member, and faces each arm portion in the axial rotation direction. A vehicle drive device characterized in that an engaging portion is provided and the elastic joint member is sandwiched between the engaging portions.

3. The first support member and the second support member according to claim 1, wherein the first support member and the second support member respectively fix the pair of disk-shaped members so as to oppose each other to the axle and the rotor member, and at least one of the pair of disk-shaped members. A vehicle drive device comprising: a plurality of holes in a board surface; and a rod-like member fixed to the other disk-like member via each elastic joint member .

In any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the regulating means, characterized in that the projection provided on the second support member, formed by forming a receiving portion formed on the first support member to face the protrusion A vehicle drive device.

5. The vehicle drive device according to claim 3, wherein the elastic coupling member is formed by combining rubber and a metal spring and having two straight spring characteristics.

In any of the claims 1 to 6, wherein the mounting of the temperature sensor of non-contact type for detecting the temperature of the elastic coupling member to said stator member, to detect the abnormality by comparing the detected temperature with the reference temperature of the elastic coupling member Means for providing a vehicle drive device.

In any one of Claims 1 thru | or 7, an acceleration sensor is each attached to the bearing part of the said axle shaft, and the said stator member, the acceleration of the up-down direction of the said bearing part detected by this acceleration sensor and an axial direction, and the said stator member A vehicle driving apparatus comprising means for detecting an abnormality of the elastic joint member based on a correlation between vertical acceleration and axial acceleration.

9. The vehicle drive device according to claim 8, further comprising means for detecting an abnormality of the elastic joint member based on a transmission characteristic of an acceleration of the stator member with respect to an acceleration of the bearing member.