JP4234293B2 - Unit building - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a unit building in which a plurality of building units formed in a box shape are combined and provided with a boundary wall that partitions an internal space.
[0002]
[Background]
Conventionally, a unit type building formed by combining a plurality of building units manufactured in a factory at a construction site has been used.
As shown in FIG. 10, the building unit includes a rectangular parallelepiped frame 11 in which the upper and lower ends of the pillars 12 at the four corners are respectively connected by the ceiling beam 13 and the floor beam 14. The planar shape of the frame 11 is a rectangular shape having long sides and short sides having different lengths. Thereby, the long-side ceiling beam 13A and the short-side ceiling beam 13B having different lengths are provided as the ceiling beam 13, and similarly, the long-side floor beam 14A and the short-side floor beam 14B having different lengths are provided as the floor beam 14. Is provided.
A plurality of joists 18 are bridged between a pair of long side floor beams 14A along the long side direction of the frame 11 in order to support the floor surface material 17 forming the floor.
In addition, a plurality of ceiling beams 16 are bridged between a pair of long side ceiling beams 13A along the long side direction of the frame 11 in order to support the ceiling surface material 15 that forms the ceiling.
[0003]
Such floor materials, ceiling materials and wall materials, and other necessary equipment members are previously attached to the framework of the building unit at the factory.
According to such a unit-type building, since flooring materials and the like are previously attached to the building unit, the unit-type building can be shortened for a short period of time by placing the building unit at a predetermined position by a lifting machine or the like at the construction site. Therefore, there is an advantage that the construction period at the construction site can be greatly shortened.
[0004]
Even in the unit type building as described above, there are cases where it is used as a collective housing in which a plurality of dwelling units are provided.
In such a case, in order to prevent the spread of fire from one dwelling unit adjacent to the other dwelling unit, a boundary wall having fireproof performance is provided at the boundary portion of the dwelling unit.
Here, the boundary wall is generally formed by installing a boundary wall panel in which a refractory surface material is attached to a rectangular frame body so as to face each other (see Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 8-177125, etc.). . Such a field wall panel is designed on the assumption that the installation work to the building unit is performed at the factory.
When the field wall panel is attached to the floor of the building unit, the field wall panel is fixed to the joist by nailing or the like, and thus is always arranged at a position overlapping the joist in a plan view.
In addition, if a wall panel that protrudes downward is provided on the bottom surface of the first floor building unit, the wall can be provided under the first floor.
[0005]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
In the unit type building as mentioned above, the boundary wall panel must be provided at the position that overlaps with the joist in plan view, so if the position of the boundary wall panel is changed at the construction site for the sake of accommodation, the boundary wall The panel mounting operation becomes extremely complicated.
Moreover, the conventional wall panel is premised on the installation work at the factory, and if it is installed at the construction site, the work of forming the wall at the construction site becomes complicated.
In addition, when the first floor lower boundary wall is formed by the boundary wall panel projecting downward from the bottom surface of the first floor building unit, the ground below the first floor is not a flat surface, but between the lower edge of the boundary wall panel and the ground. A gap is formed in the space, and it is necessary to perform a complicated operation for closing the gap, which makes the formation work at the construction site complicated.
In view of the above, there is a demand for a wall that can be easily formed even at a construction site, and can be easily attached to the floor even if the position is changed.
[0006]
The objective of this invention is providing the unit type building which can form a boundary wall easily in a construction site.
[0007]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
This onset Ming, with reference also to the figures, a plurality of building units 21, 22 formed in a box shape is formed by combining, unitary building Sakaikabe 30 is provided for partitioning the inner space 1, the unit building 1 is supported by a cloth foundation 20, and the cloth foundation 20 is provided with a rising portion 25 extending along the boundary wall 30, and the boundary wall 30 is below the first floor under the floor. A portion 35 is formed including the rising portion 25 , and the floor portion of the building unit 21 disposed on the first floor portion of the building units 21 and 22 has a beam extending along the boundary wall 30 in plan view. 14A is provided, the first floor under-floor portion 35 of the fabric foundation 20, the formed including a rising portion 25 and the beam 14A, between the raised portions 25 and the beam 14A is refractory joint member 42 It is characterized by being interposed .
In the present invention, since the upper edge of the rising portion 25 formed as a part of the fabric foundation 20 can be a horizontal surface when forming the fabric foundation 20, the bottom edge of the first floor building unit 21 In addition, if a boundary wall member (floor beam 14A or the like) that engages with the rising portion 25 is provided, by placing the first floor building unit 21 on the fabric foundation 20, the boundary wall 30 is formed, Before placing the first-floor building unit 21 on the fabric foundation 20 without forming a large gap between the boundary wall member (floor beam 14A, etc.) and the rising portion 25, a filler such as mortar Is applied to the upper surface of the rising portion, the gap between the boundary wall member (floor beam 14A and the like) and the rising portion 25 is closed.
Therefore, if the first-floor building unit 21 is placed on the cloth foundation 20, the first-floor lower boundary wall 35 is automatically formed, and the work of forming the boundary wall at the construction site is facilitated.
[0008]
In here, the beams 13, 14 of the building unit 21, 22 is formed in a box shape is formed from steel, the rising portion 25 of the fabric foundation 20 is generally the are formed of reinforced concrete, these Since the beams 13 and 14 and the rising portion 25 are often nonflammable, as described above, if the boundary wall 30 is formed including the beam 14A of the building unit 21 and the rising portion 25 of the fabric foundation 20, The structure of the building unit 21 and the fabric foundation 20 does not need to be greatly changed, and the formation of the first floor lower boundary wall 35 is facilitated also from this point.
[0009]
Further, by employing a refractory joint member 42 such as this, the first floor building unit 21 before placing on the cloth foundation 20, by placing a refractory joint member 42 on the upper surface of the rising portion 25, one After the floor building unit 21 is placed, the gap between the boundary wall member (floor beam 14A, etc.) and the rising portion 25 will be blocked, so it is much more than using a wet filler such as mortar. The formation of the first floor lower boundary wall 35 is completed quickly.
[0012]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. In the following description, the same members as those already described are denoted by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof is omitted or simplified.
FIG. 1 shows a unit building 1 according to the present embodiment. This unit type building 1 is a combination of a plurality of building units 21 and 22 formed in a box shape. On the fabric foundation 20 of the unit-type building 1, a plurality of first-floor building units 21 that are lower-floor building units are installed. A plurality of second-floor building units 22 that are upper-floor building units are installed on the first-floor building units 21.
The first-floor building unit 21 has the same framework as the framework 11 shown in FIG. 10, while the second-floor building unit 22 is provided with a concrete plate 19 described later instead of the joists 18 in the framework 11. is there.
[0013]
The unit type building 1 includes a boundary wall 30 and a boundary floor 40 that partition the internal space. By partitioning the boundary wall 30 and the boundary floor 40, two dwelling units 1A and 1B are formed on the first floor, and the second floor It is an apartment house with two dwelling units 2A and 2B.
The boundary wall 30 includes an attic boundary wall 31 provided in the attic from the back side of the ceiling surface material 15 provided in the second-floor building unit 22 to the field plate 24 forming the roof 23, and a room provided in the room of the building unit 22 The first floor lower floor space is partitioned by the boundary wall 32, the ceiling back boundary wall 33 provided between the second floor building unit 22 and the first floor building unit 21, and the room boundary wall 34 provided in the room of the building unit 21. And an underfloor boundary wall 35. Among these, each of the boundary walls 31-34 is formed including the wall surface materials 31A-34A according to the magnitude | size of the said boundary walls 31-34.
[0014]
As shown in FIG. 2, the attic wall 31 is a wall surface material between the inter-beam base material 16 </ b> A provided in the ceiling portion of the second-floor building unit 22 and the roof-side base material 24 </ b> A fixed to the base plate 24. 31A is installed across.
Here, the inter-beam base material 16A is bridged and fixed between the side surfaces of the plurality of ceiling beams 16 provided in the second-floor building unit 22.
Further, the attic wall 31 is provided with a plurality of wall surface materials 31A having a width dimension corresponding to the dimension between the side surfaces of the ceiling beam 16. The height dimension of each wall surface material 31A is the dimension from the lower surface of the ceiling beam 16 to the lower surface of the base plate 24.
Further, the back surface of the wall surface material 31A and the ceiling surface material 15 of the second-floor building unit 22 are covered with rock wool 40, which is a soft refractory material having flexibility.
[0015]
The living room boundary wall 32 is a wall surface material 32A that is mounted between a first base material 15A provided on the ceiling side of the building unit 22 and a second base material 17A provided on the floor side.
The first base material 15A is a member extending along the inter-beam base material 16A provided on the upper surface of the ceiling surface material 15, and is fixed to the inter-beam base material 16A with the ceiling surface material 15 interposed therebetween. Has been.
The second base material 17A is a base material that extends along the lower edge of the back side of the wall surface material 32A, extends along the first base material 15A on the ceiling side, and is flush with the first base material 15A. And fixed to the flooring material 17.
The floor surface material 17 is a floor base material formed from a particle board or the like, and is attached to a concrete plate 19 provided on the floor portion of the building unit 22. The concrete board 19 is made of lightweight cellular concrete.
[0016]
Here, the concrete plate 19 is bridged between a pair of long-side floor beams 14A provided on the framework of the building unit 22, and via a plurality of brackets 14C provided on the long-side floor beams 14A. And supported by the long side floor beam 14A. The floor on the second floor formed by using the concrete plate 19 is a floor 5 having excellent fire resistance.
In addition, the back surface of the wall surface material 32A is covered with rock wool 40, which is a soft fireproof material that is excellent in heat insulation performance, sound insulation performance, and fire resistance performance, and is rich in flexibility.
Further, the upper end edge of the wall surface material 32A is a stepped portion 32B having a recessed back surface side, and the stepped portion 32B is provided with a refractory material 41 that closes the gap between the ceiling surface material 15 and the wall surface material 32A. Filled.
[0017]
The ceiling back wall 33 is composed of an interbeam base material 16A provided on the ceiling portion of the first floor building unit 21 and a floor side base material 18A provided on the concrete plate 19 forming the floor of the second floor building unit 22. A wall material 33A is installed between them.
Here, the inter-beam base material 16A is the same as that provided in the second-floor building unit 22.
The floor-side base material 18A is a bar-shaped member with a square cross section attached to the concrete plate 19, and is shorter than the interval between the brackets 14C so as not to interfere with the plurality of brackets 14C provided on the long-side floor beam 14A. Are formed between the brackets 14C.
Further, the floor beam 14A and the ceiling beam 13A arranged between the wall surfaces 31A are formed of channel steel having a U-shaped cross section. Rock wool 40, which is a soft refractory material having flexibility, is filled in the openings of the floor beam 14A and the ceiling beam 13A.
[0018]
The room boundary wall 34 has the same structure as the room boundary wall 32 on the second floor. That is, the living room boundary wall 34 is a wall surface material 34A that is mounted between the first base material 15A provided on the ceiling side of the building unit 21 and the second base material 17A provided on the floor side.
The floor member 17 is supported by a plurality of joists 18 spanned between a pair of long-side floor beams 14A of the skeleton 11 as described above.
In addition, the back surface of the wall material 34A is covered with rock wool 40, which is a soft fireproof material that is excellent in heat insulation performance, sound insulation performance and fire resistance performance, and is flexible. It is covered with glass wool 43 with excellent sound insulation performance and high flexibility.
Further, the upper end edge of the wall surface material 32A is a stepped portion 32B having a recessed back surface side, and the stepped portion 32B is provided with a refractory material 41 that closes the gap between the ceiling surface material 15 and the wall surface material 32A. Filled.
[0019]
The underfloor boundary wall 35 is obtained by connecting the rising portion 25 of the fabric foundation 20 and the long side floor beam 14A to each other.
Specifically, as shown in FIG. 3, the fabric foundation 20 has a pair of long side peripheral portions 26 along the long sides of the building units 21 and 22 and a pair of short sides along the short sides of the building units 21 and 22. A side edge portion 27 is provided as a rising portion.
The pair of long side peripheral edge portions 26 and short side peripheral edge portions 27 are disposed opposite to the outer peripheral edge of the unit type building 1.
Further, the fabric base 20 is provided with a short side intermediate part 28 that connects the intermediate part of the pair of long side peripheral part 26 and a long side intermediate part 25 that connects the intermediate part of the short side peripheral part 27 as rising parts. It has been.
Among these, the short side peripheral part 27 and the short side intermediate part 28 are configured to receive the gravity load of the unit type building 1.
Here, from the viewpoint of load bearing, the long-side intermediate portion 25 is not required to have a function of receiving a gravity load, and need not be provided on a normal cloth foundation. The long side intermediate portion 25 is made of reinforced concrete having a flat upper end, and extends along the boundary walls 31 to 34 formed thereon.
The long-side floor beam 14A of the building unit 21 is a beam extending along the boundary walls 31 to 34 in a plan view, and is made of channel steel having a U-shaped cross section as shown in FIG. Has been placed.
A fireproof joint material 42 is interposed between the rising portion 25 and the long side floor beam 14A, and rock wool 40 is filled between the adjacent long side floor beams 14A.
[0020]
Here, the boundary wall 30 of the unit type building 1 is continuously formed from the ground to the roof 3 by the boundary walls 31 to 35 as described above, and the fire spread between the adjacent dwelling units 1A and 1B and between the dwelling units 2A and 2B. Fire resistance performance to prevent each other is secured.
The wall materials 31A to 34A and the ceiling surface material 15 are all made of double-layered gypsum board.
Further, as the refractory material 41, the trade name “Gyptite” manufactured by Yoshino Gypsum Co., Ltd. can be adopted, and as the refractory joint material 42, the trade name “Litoflex” manufactured by NICHIAS Corporation can be adopted.
[0021]
According to this embodiment as described above, the following effects can be obtained.
That is, as the rising portion of the fabric foundation, the long side intermediate portion 25 extending along the boundary walls 31 to 34 is provided, the long side floor beam 14A extending along the boundary walls 31 to 34 of the building unit 21, and the long side intermediate portion 25, the underfloor boundary wall 35, which is the first floor underfloor part of the boundary wall 30, was formed. By placing the first floor building unit 21 on the fabric foundation 20, the underfloor boundary wall 35 is automatically formed. As a result, the formation work of the boundary wall 30 at the construction site can be easily performed.
[0022]
In addition, before placing the first floor building unit 21 on the fabric foundation 20 with the fireproof joint material 42 interposed between the long side intermediate portion 25 which is the rising portion and the long side floor beam 14A, the long side By installing the refractory joint material 42 on the upper surface of the intermediate part 25, even if there is a gap between the long side intermediate part 25 and the long side floor beam 14A, after the first-floor building unit 21 is placed, the gap However, since the fireproof joint material 42 is closed, the fireproof performance of the lower floor wall 35 is not impaired. The underfloor boundary wall 35 can be quickly formed.
[0023]
Furthermore, the second floor building unit 22 is provided with a concrete board 19 as a flooring material, and a flooring material 17 as a floor base material is attached to the surface of the concrete board 19, and a wall surface material 32A forming a room boundary wall 32 is attached to the floor. Since it is fixed to the face material 17, the wall surface material 32A can be fixed at an arbitrary position of the floor surface material 17 spreading in a plane shape, and even if the installation position of the room boundary wall 32 is changed at the construction site, the room boundary wall 32 The forming operation can be easily performed.
Moreover, since the floor covering 17 is attached to and supported by the concrete plate 19, the floor covering 17 is bent by the weight of the living room boundary wall 32 regardless of the plane position of the building boundary wall 32 provided in the building unit 22. There will be no problems such as
[0024]
In addition, since the second base material 17A extending along the lower edge on the back side of the wall surface material 32A that forms the room boundary wall 32 is attached to the surface of the floor surface material 17, the second surface material 32A is fixed to the floor. Since the base material 17A engages with the lower edge of the wall surface material 32A to prevent the displacement of the wall surface material 32A in the thickness direction, the wall surface material 32A can be obtained by driving a nail obliquely against the surface of the wall surface material 32A. Even if it is fixed to the floor, the fixing work can be easily performed.
[0025]
The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, but includes the following modifications.
For example, the boundary walls are not limited to those provided along the boundary portions of the building units, but may be boundary walls 50 that divide the interiors of the building units 21 and 22 into two as shown in FIGS. .
That is, the boundary wall 50 extends in the long side direction of the building units 21 and 22 as shown in FIGS. 4 and 5 and divides the internal space of the building units 21A and 22A arranged in the center into two. Yes.
The fabric foundation 20A has a long side middle portion 26A and a short side peripheral portion 27A which are rising portions along the outer periphery of the unit type building 1, and a long side middle portion which is an intermediate portion of the short side peripheral portion 27A. Part 25A.
On the floor portion of the building unit 21A, an intermediate floor beam (not shown) is provided along the field wall 50 in plan view. The intermediate floor beam and the long-side intermediate portion 25A are connected to each other, thereby forming an underfloor boundary wall 55 of the boundary wall 50 formed under the first floor.
[0026]
Further, the boundary walls are not limited to those extending in the long side direction of the building unit, but may be boundary walls 60 extending in the short side direction of the building units 21 and 22, as shown in FIGS.
That is, as shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, the boundary wall 60 extends in the long side direction of the building units 21 and 22 and partitions the internal space of the building units 21B and 22B arranged on the left side in the drawing into two. It has become.
The cloth foundation 20B is a short side intermediate portion 25B which is a rising portion connecting intermediate portions of the long side peripheral portion 26B and the short side peripheral portion 27B which are rising portions along the outer periphery of the unit type building 1. , 28B.
An intermediate floor beam 61 is provided along the boundary wall 60 in a plan view on the floor portion of the building unit 21B. By connecting the intermediate floor beam 61 and the long-side intermediate portion 25A to each other, an underfloor boundary wall 65 of the boundary wall 60 formed under the first floor is formed.
[0027]
Further, the boundary wall is not limited to a straight line extending in a plan view, but may be a boundary wall 70 having a bent middle portion as shown in FIGS.
That is, as shown in FIGS. 8 and 9, the boundary wall 70 divides the internal space of the building units 21 </ b> A and 22 </ b> A disposed in the center into two, and extends in the long side direction of the building units 21 and 22. A long side extending part 70A and a long side extending part 70B extending in the short side direction are provided. Thereby, the planar shape of the boundary wall 70 is a crank shape.
The fabric foundation 20C is a long side intermediate portion 26C and a short side peripheral portion 27C that are rising portions along the outer periphery of the unit type building 1, and a long side intermediate portion that is an intermediate portion of the short side peripheral portion 27C. Part 25C. Among these, the long-side intermediate portion 25C has a crank-like planar shape along the boundary wall 70.
The floor portion of the building unit 21C is provided with an intermediate floor beam (not shown) formed in a crank shape along the boundary wall 70 in plan view. By connecting the intermediate floor beam and the long-side intermediate portion 25C to each other, an underfloor boundary wall 75 of the boundary wall 70 formed under the first floor is formed.
[0028]
Further, the building unit arranged on the first floor is not limited to the floor base material supported by the joist, but has a structure similar to that of the building unit 22 in the embodiment in which the floor portion is provided with a concrete plate. It may be a thing.
[0029]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the invention described in claim 1, when forming the fabric foundation, the upper edge of the rising portion formed as a part of the fabric foundation can be a horizontal plane, If a ground wall member that engages with the rising part is provided on the bottom surface of the first floor building unit, the first floor building unit is placed on the cloth foundation, so that a large space is formed between the field wall member and the rising part. The boundary wall can be automatically formed without forming a gap.
And before placing the first-floor building unit on the fabric foundation, if a filler such as mortar is applied to the upper surface of the rising portion, the gap between the wall member and the rising portion is blocked. .
Therefore, if the first-floor building unit is placed on the cloth foundation, the first-floor lower boundary wall is automatically formed, and the boundary wall forming work at the building site can be easily performed.
[0030]
In addition , the beam of the building unit formed in a box shape is generally formed of steel, and the rising portion of the cloth foundation is generally formed of reinforced concrete, and these beams and the rising portion are incombustible. Since there are many cases, if the boundary wall is formed including the beam of the building unit and the rising part of the fabric foundation, there is no need to greatly change the structure of the building unit and the fabric foundation. The boundary wall can be easily formed.
[0031]
Furthermore , before placing the first floor building unit on the cloth foundation, by installing a fireproof joint material on the upper surface of the rising portion, after placing the first floor building unit, the boundary wall member and the rising portion Since the gaps between them are closed, the first floor lower boundary wall can be quickly formed without impairing the fire resistance of the first floor lower boundary wall.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a front view showing an entire unit type building according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing a boundary wall of the embodiment.
FIG. 3 is a plan view showing the fabric foundation of the embodiment.
FIG. 4 is a view corresponding to FIG. 1 showing a modification of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a plan view showing a fabric foundation according to a modification of FIG. 4;
FIG. 6 is a view corresponding to FIG. 1 showing a different modification of the present invention.
7 is a plan view showing a fabric foundation according to a modification of FIG. 6. FIG.
FIG. 8 is a view corresponding to FIG. 1 showing still another modification of the present invention.
FIG. 9 is a plan view showing a fabric foundation according to a modification of FIG. 8;
FIG. 10 is a perspective view showing a framework of a general building unit.
[Explanation of symbols]
1 unit building
14A long side floor beam
17 Floor base material
17A The second base material that is the base material
19 Concrete board
20, 20A-20C fabric foundation
21, 21A-21C 1st floor building unit
22, 22A-22C Second floor building unit
25, 25A, 25C Long side middle part as rising part
30, 31-35
32A wall material
42 Fireproof joint material
61 Intermediate floor beam

Claims (1)

A unit type building that is formed by combining a plurality of building units formed in a box shape, and provided with a boundary wall that partitions the internal space,
The unit type building is supported by a fabric foundation, and the fabric foundation is provided with a rising portion extending along the boundary wall, and the boundary wall is formed so that a lower part of the first floor includes the rising portion.
Among the building units, the floor portion of the building unit disposed on the first floor portion is provided with a beam extending along the boundary wall in a plan view, and the lower first floor portion of the fabric foundation is the rising portion. And including the beam,
A unit type building, wherein a fireproof joint material is interposed between the rising portion and the beam.

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