JP4228264B2 - Blue sea urchin removal device and removal method - Google Patents

Blue sea urchin removal device and removal method Download PDF

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Publication number
JP4228264B2
JP4228264B2 JP2001268501A JP2001268501A JP4228264B2 JP 4228264 B2 JP4228264 B2 JP 4228264B2 JP 2001268501 A JP2001268501 A JP 2001268501A JP 2001268501 A JP2001268501 A JP 2001268501A JP 4228264 B2 JP4228264 B2 JP 4228264B2
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water
sunrise
sunset
gas
carbon dioxide
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JP2003071494A (en
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裕之 篠田
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Yokogawa Electric Corp
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Yokogawa Electric Corp
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02WCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
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Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は湖沼、池等の閉鎖水域等に発生するアオコの浄化装置及び浄化方法に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
湖沼、池、河口堰等の閉鎖水域では、水の滞留や大量に流入するリンや窒素が原因となって富栄養化が起こり、アオコ等の植物プランクトンが異常繁殖して水質の汚濁が進行する。
【0003】
従来、アオコ等の植物プランクトンが異常繁殖した湖沼、池等の水は、凝集ろ過手段によって集積除去したり、硫酸銅や塩素等の殺藻剤を使って植物プランクトンを死滅させたり、あるいは紫外線照射によって植物プランクトンの増殖機能を失活させたりする浄化方法が提案され、実施されている。
【0004】
その他の従来技術の例(原理図)を図2に示す。図2において、20はポンプ船と称され、植物プランクトン及び溶存酸素(DOと略記)の豊富な表層水をポンプ21で吸込み、送水管22にて無光層(図中Bの領域)まで送り吐出口23から放出させる。
【0005】
無光層Bと有光層(図中Aの領域)の境界は温度躍層28と称され水の密度差が存在する。このため、無光層Bへ送り込まれた表層水は無光層Bの密度が大きい水と混合して、多少無光層Bに留まり、プランクトン増殖を抑制する作用がある。
【0006】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
従来技術の、凝集ろ過法によって植物プランクトンを集積除去する方法では、湖沼、池等の膨大な水域の全域に同時的な浄化を期待することは難しく極めて効率が悪いという問題がある。
【0007】
また、殺藻剤を使った浄化方法では、その毒性による自然生態系の破壊や二次的水質汚濁問題に波及し、根本的な環境浄化対策とはならない。また、紫外線照射による方法の場合は、設備費とそれの保守管理に労力を要し、経済性の面で問題が多い。
【0008】
また、図2に示したようにポンプ船を用いた水質浄化装置の場合、植物プランクトンは有光層の2〜3m水深の間に生存しているため、固定されたポンプ取水口16では効率が悪い。また、この水質浄化装置による場合は流れが一方向であり、単に表層水を無光層へ送り込むのみで効果が少い。
【0009】
本発明は上述のような課題を解決するためになされたもので、アオコ等の植物プランクトンを含む湖沼、池等の生態環境を破壊することなく、効率的に浄化できる湖沼、池等の水の浄化方法及び浄化装置を提供することを目的としている。
【0010】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明は、上記課題を解決するためになされたもので、請求項1においては、水底付近または水面付近の水を吸い上げる吸引ポンプと、吸引した水を加圧状態として酸素または炭酸ガスを溶解する気体溶解タンクと、前記気体を溶解した水を水底付近または水面付近に排出する排出手段と、一年分の日の出、日の入りを記憶した記憶手段と、この記憶手段の記憶に基づいて、日の出付近から日の入り付近迄は水面付近の水を吸い込んで加圧状態で炭酸ガスを溶解してその水を水面付近に排出し、日の入り付近から日の出付近迄は水底の水を吸い込み加圧状態で酸素ガスを溶解してその水を水底付近に排出する制御手段を備えたことを特徴としている。
【0012】
請求項においては、日の出付近から日の入り付近迄の時刻は水面付近の水を吸い込んで加圧状態で炭酸ガスを溶解してその水を水面付近に排出し、日の入り付近から日の出付近迄の時刻は水底の水を吸い込み加圧状態で酸素ガスを溶解してその水を水底付近に排出することを特徴としている。
【0013】
本発明によれば、アオコを含む水が加圧容器を通過するときに、細胞が破壊され、また、酸素供給により好気層をつくりリン・窒素の溶出を抑制する。更に、炭酸ガスの供給によりpHを低下させてアオコが生息しにくい生態系とすることができる。
【0014】
【発明の実施の形態】
はじめにアオコの発生原因について考察する。
アオコは
▲1▼ 富栄養化が進行し水中に溶出する全窒素量、全リン量が大きい。
▲2▼ 透明度が低い。
▲3▼ pHが高い。
▲4▼ 水温が20℃以上。
等の条件で他の藻類に優先して発生する。
【0015】
アオコの性質としては
▲1▼ 光が当る環境下(昼間)で水面に浮いてくる。
▲2▼ ガス胞と呼ばれる薄膜状の核があり、この核が浮き袋の役割を担っている。
▲3▼ このガス胞はおよそ2kgf/cm程度の圧力でつぶれる。
▲4▼ アオコが発生すると炭酸ガスが減少してpHが上昇する。pH9以上でアオコが優先しpH7〜8の範囲では緑藻類が優先する。
▲5▼ リン・窒素の量を減少させるとアオコが発生し難くなる。
▲6▼ 10℃以下の水温では増殖しないが20℃以上で大量に発生する。
【0016】
本発明は上述のアオコの発生原因についての考察に基づいている。
図1は本発明の請求項1乃至3に関する実施形態の一例を示す概略構成図である。図において、気体溶解タンク1の上方にはポンプ3を介して浄化対象の水域から水が吸引される。ここで浄化対象の水域(ダム,湖沼等)は所定の深さを有し、表面にはアオコが発生し水底付近は貧酸素状態となっているものとする。
【0017】
気体溶解タンク1には酸素発生装置(酸素ボンベ)4からバルブ4aを介して酸素ガスが、CO2ボンベ5からバルブ5aを介して炭酸ガスが供給されるようになっており、時間帯により何れか一方のガスが供給される。
【0018】
ホース2には少なくとも2箇所に吸引箇所が設けられ、図では水面付近の浅い領域にバルブ6が設けられ、底部付近の深い領域にはバルブ7設けられており、これらのバルブの開閉も時間帯により何れか一方のバルブが開とされる。
【0019】
気体溶解タンク1の下方にはバルブ8を介してホース9が接続されており、このホース9には少なくとも2箇所に吐出バルブ10,11が設けられている。図では水面付近の浅い領域にバルブ10が設けられ、底部付近の深い領域にはバルブ11が設けられており、これらのバルブの開閉も時間帯により何れか一方のバルブが開とされる。
【0020】
気体溶解タンク1に吸引された水は酸素ガス又は炭酸ガスと接触し、ヘンリーの法則に従ってこれらのガスを溶解する。なお、図では省略するが気液溶解タンク1にはタンク内に吸引された水を所定の位置に制御するための水位制御手段や、供給される酸素ガス又は炭酸ガスの圧力を制御する手段、一年分の日の出、日の入りを記憶したメモリ手段、各バルブの開閉を制御するバルブ開閉制御手段などが取付けられている。
【0021】
上記の構成において、アオコは昼間は光を受けて表面に浮上している。従って制御手段(図示省略)は日の出から日の入りまではバルブ6および10を開として水面付近の水を吸い上げる。吸い上げられた水はタンク1内で2kgf/cm以上の圧力を印加されてアオコに対して圧力破壊が行なわれる。同時に炭酸ガスを高濃度に溶解させて水面付近に排出する。
【0022】
その結果、排出される水は吸引時より炭酸ガス濃度が増大しているのでpHが酸性側に変化し、藍藻類から珪藻類そして緑藻類が優占する環境へ変化する。
次に、夜間は藻類による光合成が停止し、アオコの呼吸による酸素消費が進む。従って水中の溶存酸素濃度が低下する。特に、底層においてその傾向が顕著となる
【0023】
従って制御手段は日の入りから日の出まではバルブ7および11を開として水底付近の水をアオコと共にタンクに吸い込む。そしてタンク内で2kgf/cm以上の圧力をかけてアオコの圧力破壊を行なう。同時に酸素ガスを高濃度に溶解させて水底付近に排出する。
【0024】
本発明の以上の説明は、説明および例示を目的として特定の好適な実施例を示したに過ぎない。したがって本発明はその本質から逸脱せずに多くの変更、変形をなし得ることは当業者に明らかである。例えばバルブ6,7,10,11の開閉は夏と冬若しくは天候の具合により必ずしも日の出日の入りに規制されず実状に合わせたものとすることができる。
【0025】
また、実施例では1本のホースに表面付近と底面付近の水を吸引(排出)するバルブを設けたが、ポンプ,ホース,バルブはそれぞれの水域を吸引(排出)できるように2系列としても良い。特許請求の範囲の欄の記載により定義される本発明の範囲は、その範囲内の変更、変形を包含するものとする。
【0026】
【発明の効果】
本発明では、時間帯によりアオコを含む水を吸入する水位や溶解させるガスの種類を変え、また、アオコのガス胞を破壊する圧力を加えるようにしたのでアオコの増殖能力を効果的に抑制することができる。
.
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】本発明の実施形態の一例を示す図である。
【図2】従来例を示す図である。
【符号の説明】
1 気液溶解タンク
2 ホース
3 ポンプ
4 酸素発生装置
4a,5a,6,7,10,11 バルブ
5 炭酸ガス(CO)ボンベ
[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a purification apparatus and a purification method for sea cucumbers generated in closed water areas such as lakes and ponds.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In closed water areas such as lakes, ponds, estuaries, etc., eutrophication occurs due to water retention and large amounts of phosphorus and nitrogen, and phytoplankton such as blue sea bream grow abnormally and water pollution progresses. .
[0003]
Conventionally, water in lakes, ponds, etc. where phytoplankton such as blue sea bream has abnormally grown is collected and removed by means of coagulation filtration, phytoplankton is killed by using algicide such as copper sulfate or chlorine, or UV irradiation A purification method for inactivating the growth function of phytoplankton has been proposed and implemented.
[0004]
FIG. 2 shows another example of the prior art (principle diagram). In FIG. 2, 20 is referred to as a pump ship, and the surface water rich in phytoplankton and dissolved oxygen (abbreviated as DO) is sucked by the pump 21 and sent to the non-light layer (area B in the figure) by the water pipe 22. It is discharged from the discharge port 23.
[0005]
The boundary between the non-light layer B and the light layer (region A in the figure) is called a temperature jump layer 28 and there is a difference in water density. For this reason, the surface layer water fed into the non-light-emitting layer B is mixed with water having a high density of the non-light-emitting layer B, and stays in the non-light-emitting layer B to some extent, thereby suppressing the plankton growth.
[0006]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
In the conventional method of collecting and removing phytoplankton by the coagulation filtration method, there is a problem that it is difficult to expect simultaneous purification over an enormous amount of water such as lakes and ponds and is extremely inefficient.
[0007]
In addition, the purification method using an algicide does not serve as a fundamental environmental purification measure because it affects the destruction of natural ecosystems and secondary water pollution due to its toxicity. In the case of the method using ultraviolet irradiation, the equipment cost and the maintenance and management thereof are laborious, and there are many problems in terms of economy.
[0008]
Moreover, in the case of the water purification apparatus using a pump ship as shown in FIG. 2, since the phytoplankton is alive between 2 to 3 m of the light layer, the fixed pump intake 16 is efficient. bad. Further, in the case of this water purification apparatus, the flow is unidirectional, and the effect is small simply by feeding the surface water to the non-light layer.
[0009]
The present invention has been made in order to solve the above-described problems, and water such as lakes and ponds that can be efficiently purified without destroying the ecological environment such as lakes and ponds containing phytoplankton such as blue sea cucumbers. It aims at providing the purification method and the purification apparatus.
[0010]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned problems. In claim 1, the suction pump for sucking up water near the bottom of the water or the surface of the water, and the oxygen or carbon dioxide gas are dissolved by making the sucked water into a pressurized state. From the vicinity of the sunrise based on the memory of the gas dissolution tank, the discharge means for discharging the water in which the gas is dissolved near the bottom of the water or the surface of the water, the storage means for storing the sunrise and sunset for one year, and the storage of the storage means The water near the surface of the water is sucked up to near the sunset, the carbon dioxide gas is dissolved under pressure, and the water is discharged near the surface of the water. And a control means for discharging the water near the bottom of the water .
[0012]
In claim 2 , the time from the sunrise to the sunset is sucked in the water near the water surface, the carbon dioxide gas is dissolved under pressure and discharged to the water surface, and the time from the sunset to the sunrise is It is characterized by sucking in water at the bottom and dissolving oxygen gas in a pressurized state and discharging the water to the vicinity of the bottom.
[0013]
According to the present invention, when water containing aquatic plants passes through a pressurized container, cells are destroyed, and an aerobic layer is formed by supplying oxygen to suppress elution of phosphorus and nitrogen. Further, the pH can be lowered by the supply of carbon dioxide gas to make the ecosystem less likely to inhabit the sea lions.
[0014]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
First of all, we will discuss the cause of blue-tailed sea bream.
Blue sea urchin (1) is rich in eutrophication and has a large amount of total nitrogen and total phosphorus eluted in water.
(2) The transparency is low.
(3) pH is high.
(4) The water temperature is 20 ° C or higher.
It occurs in preference to other algae under such conditions.
[0015]
As for the nature of aoko, (1) it floats on the surface of the water in an environment where it is exposed to light (daytime).
(2) There is a thin film core called a gas vesicle, and this core plays a role of a floating bag.
(3) The gas vesicles are crushed at a pressure of about 2 kgf / cm 2 .
(4) When blue water is generated, carbon dioxide gas decreases and the pH rises. In the range of pH 9 or higher, blue sea cucumber has priority, and in the range of pH 7 to 8, green algae has priority.
(5) If the amount of phosphorus and nitrogen is reduced, it will be difficult to generate water-bloom.
(6) Although it does not grow at a water temperature of 10 ° C or lower, it is generated in large quantities at 20 ° C or higher.
[0016]
The present invention is based on the consideration of the cause of the occurrence of the above-mentioned auko.
FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram showing an example of an embodiment related to claims 1 to 3 of the present invention. In the figure, water is sucked from the water area to be purified through the pump 3 above the gas dissolution tank 1. Here, it is assumed that the water area (dam, lake, etc.) to be purified has a predetermined depth, aquatic is generated on the surface, and the bottom of the water is in an anoxic state.
[0017]
The gas dissolving tank 1 is supplied with oxygen gas from an oxygen generator (oxygen cylinder) 4 via a valve 4a and carbon dioxide gas from a CO2 cylinder 5 via a valve 5a. One gas is supplied.
[0018]
The hose 2 has at least two suction points. In the figure, a valve 6 is provided in a shallow region near the water surface, and a valve 7 is provided in a deep region near the bottom. One of the valves is opened by.
[0019]
A hose 9 is connected to the lower part of the gas dissolution tank 1 via a valve 8, and discharge valves 10 and 11 are provided in at least two places on the hose 9. In the figure, a valve 10 is provided in a shallow region near the water surface, and a valve 11 is provided in a deep region near the bottom, and one of the valves is opened or closed depending on the time zone.
[0020]
The water sucked into the gas dissolution tank 1 comes into contact with oxygen gas or carbon dioxide gas and dissolves these gases according to Henry's law. Although not shown in the figure, the gas-liquid dissolution tank 1 has water level control means for controlling the water sucked into the tank to a predetermined position, means for controlling the pressure of supplied oxygen gas or carbon dioxide gas, A memory means for storing the sunrise and sunset for one year, a valve opening / closing control means for controlling opening / closing of each valve, and the like are attached.
[0021]
In the above configuration, the sea bream floats on the surface receiving light during the daytime. Accordingly, the control means (not shown) opens the valves 6 and 10 to suck up water near the water surface from sunrise to sunset. The sucked-up water is applied with a pressure of 2 kgf / cm 2 or more in the tank 1 to cause a pressure break to the sea bream. At the same time, carbon dioxide is dissolved at a high concentration and discharged near the water surface.
[0022]
As a result, since the discharged water has a higher carbon dioxide concentration than when sucked, the pH changes to the acidic side, and the environment changes from cyanobacteria to diatoms and green algae.
Next, photosynthesis by algae stops at night, and oxygen consumption by blue-tailed breathing advances. Therefore, the dissolved oxygen concentration in water decreases. In particular, the tendency becomes remarkable in the bottom layer.
Therefore, the control means opens the valves 7 and 11 from the sunset to the sunrise, and sucks the water near the bottom of the water together with the sea urchin into the tank. Then, a pressure of 2 kgf / cm 2 or more is applied in the tank, and the pressure of the watermelon is destroyed. At the same time, oxygen gas is dissolved at a high concentration and discharged near the bottom of the water.
[0024]
The foregoing description of the present invention has only shown certain preferred embodiments for purposes of illustration and illustration. Accordingly, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention can be modified and modified in many ways without departing from the essence thereof. For example, the opening / closing of the valves 6, 7, 10, and 11 is not necessarily restricted to sunrise or sunset depending on the conditions of summer, winter, or weather, and can be adapted to the actual situation.
[0025]
In the embodiment, a single hose is provided with a valve that sucks (discharges) water near the surface and near the bottom. However, the pump, hose, and valve may be arranged in two lines so that each water area can be sucked (discharged). good. The scope of the present invention defined by the description in the appended claims is intended to include modifications and variations within the scope.
[0026]
【The invention's effect】
In the present invention, the water level for inhaling water containing the mushrooms and the type of gas to be dissolved are changed according to the time zone, and the pressure for destroying the mushroom gas vesicles is applied, so that the growth ability of the mushrooms is effectively suppressed. be able to.
.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an example of an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a conventional example.
[Explanation of symbols]
1 the gas-liquid dissolving tank 2 Hose 3 pump 4 oxygen generator 4a, 5a, 6, 7, 10, 11 valve 5 carbon dioxide (CO 2) cylinder

Claims (2)

所定の深さを有する閉鎖水域に発生するアオコの除去装置であって、水底付近または水面付近の水を吸い上げる吸引ポンプと、吸引した水を加圧状態として酸素または炭酸ガスを溶解する気体溶解タンクと、前記気体を溶解した水を水底付近または水面付近に排出する排出手段と、一年分の日の出、日の入りを記憶した記憶手段と、この記憶手段の記憶に基づいて、日の出付近から日の入り付近迄は水面付近の水を吸い込んで加圧状態で炭酸ガスを溶解してその水を水面付近に排出し、日の入り付近から日の出付近迄は水底の水を吸い込み加圧状態で酸素ガスを溶解してその水を水底付近に排出する制御手段を備えたことを特徴とするアオコの除去装置。A device for removing sea cucumber generated in a closed water area having a predetermined depth, a suction pump for sucking up water near the bottom of the water or near the surface of the water, and a gas dissolution tank for dissolving oxygen or carbon dioxide by making the sucked water into a pressurized state Discharge means for discharging the water in which the gas is dissolved near the bottom of the water or near the surface of the water, storage means for storing the sunrise and sunset for one year, and from the vicinity of sunrise to the vicinity of sunset based on the storage of the storage means Sucks water near the water surface, dissolves carbon dioxide under pressure and discharges the water near the water surface, sucks water from the bottom of the water from near sunset to near sunrise, dissolves oxygen gas under pressure A device for removing sea cucumber, characterized by comprising control means for discharging water near the bottom of the water . 日の出付近から日の入り付近迄の時刻は水面付近の水を吸い込んで加圧状態で炭酸ガスを溶解してその水を水面付近に排出し、日の入り付近から日の出付近迄の時刻は水底の水を吸い込み加圧状態で酸素ガスを溶解してその水を水底付近に排出することを特徴とするアオコの除去方法。  From near sunrise to near sunset, suck water near the surface of the water, dissolve carbon dioxide under pressure and discharge the water near the surface of the water. A method for removing sea cucumber, which comprises dissolving oxygen gas under pressure and discharging the water near the bottom of the water.
JP2001268501A 2001-09-05 2001-09-05 Blue sea urchin removal device and removal method Expired - Fee Related JP4228264B2 (en)

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JP4231249B2 (en) * 2002-07-01 2009-02-25 大成建設株式会社 High oxygen water production apparatus and bottom purification method
JP4305956B2 (en) * 2004-04-28 2009-07-29 横河電機株式会社 Water quality conservation system
JP2006122745A (en) * 2004-10-26 2006-05-18 Taiko Kinzoku Kk Water purification device and water purification method
JP4559289B2 (en) * 2005-04-28 2010-10-06 株式会社荏原製作所 Oxygen dissolving apparatus and oxygen dissolving method
CN100411998C (en) * 2005-11-01 2008-08-20 云南师范大学 Technique for clearing away blue algae
JP5093580B2 (en) * 2007-08-21 2012-12-12 横河電機株式会社 Oxygen dissolved water supply device
JP5113552B2 (en) * 2008-02-20 2013-01-09 パナソニック株式会社 Water purification device
JP2010264384A (en) * 2009-05-14 2010-11-25 Matsue Doken Kk Method for removing water bloom
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