JP4227864B2 - Joists, foundations, pillars and panel frames - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to joists, foundations, columns, and panel frames.

The wood-based composite material called engineered wood, for example, laminates a wood material piece with a binder carried by applying a binder to an elongated wood material piece, with its orientation aligned in the longitudinal direction, A molded body obtained by pressurizing and heating this laminate is known (for example, Patent Document 1).
JP 2001-341110 A

  However, when a molded body formed using a wood material chip having a length of 20 mm to 150 mm is used as a structural material for joists, foundations, and pillars, the bonding strength of nails and screws, and the load bearing strength (indentation strength) There was a case that was uneasy.

  The object of the present invention is a joist, foundation, column, and panel frame, which are excellent in the bonding strength of nails and screws and the load bearing strength (indentation strength) even in a molded body using a wood material chip having a length of 20 mm to 150 mm. Is to provide.

In order to achieve the above object, the joist according to claim 1 of the present invention is composed of an elongated wooden material piece and a binder having a thickness of 1 to 11 mm and a length of 20 mm to 150 mm. stacked orientation state to face one direction, wood material to each other are combined with a binder is heated and pressed it, the molded body 70% or more by weight is a woody material piece, the molded body Installed on the draw so that the direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction and the compression direction of the wood material piece is the up and down direction, and the fasteners such as nails or screws are placed in the longitudinal direction and the compression direction of the wood material piece in the molded body Are combined in a direction perpendicular to each other.

The joist according to claim 2 of the present invention is composed of an elongated wood material piece and a binder having a thickness of 1 to 11 mm and a length of 20 mm to 150 mm, and the wood material piece is oriented so as to face almost one direction. stacked in state, the wooden material to each other are combined with a binder is heated and pressed it, the molded body 70% or more by weight is a woody material piece, compress the longitudinal direction of the wood material pieces in the molded body Wood material in the molded body is a floor base material or flooring provided on the molded body, and a binder such as nails or screws is installed on the large body so that the direction perpendicular to the direction is the vertical direction. It is characterized in that it is put in a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction and the compression direction of the pieces and combined.

The foundation according to claim 3 of the present invention is composed of an elongated wooden material piece and a binder having a thickness of 1 to 11 mm and a length of 20 mm to 150 mm, and the wooden material piece is oriented so as to face almost one direction. stacked in state, the wooden material to each other are combined with a binder is heated and pressed it, the molded body 70% or more by weight is a woody material piece, compress the longitudinal direction of the wood material pieces in the molded body It is installed on the foundation so that the direction perpendicular to the direction is the vertical direction, and the anchor bolt is inserted in the direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction and the compression direction of the wood material piece in the molded body, respectively, and is connected to the foundation. Features.

The pillar according to claim 4 of the present invention is composed of an elongated wooden material piece and a binder having a thickness of 1 to 11 mm and a length of 20 mm to 150 mm, and the wooden material piece is oriented so as to face almost one direction. stacked in state, the wooden material to each other are combined with a binder is heated and pressed it, the molded body 70% or more by weight is a woody material piece, compress the longitudinal direction of the wood material pieces in the molded body It is installed so that the direction perpendicular to the direction is perpendicular to the wall surface, and from the wall material, a nail or a screw or other coupling tool is put in the direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction and the compression direction of the wood material piece in the molded body and joined together It is characterized by being.

The panel frame according to claim 5 of the present invention is composed of an elongated wooden material piece and a binder having a thickness of 1 to 11 mm and a length of 20 mm to 150 mm, and is oriented so that the wooden material piece is directed substantially in one direction. The molded body is piled in a state where it is heated, pressurized and bonded to each other by a binder, and the weight ratio of 70% or more is a wooden material piece. It is characterized in that it is put in a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction and the compression direction of the wood material piece in the molded body and joined together.

The tree species of the raw material that becomes the wood material piece mainly includes conifers such as cedar, cypress, spruce, fur, radiata pine, and broad-leaved trees such as birch, apiton, chamelere, sengonlaut, and aspen. It can include not only plant materials that are produced, but also plant materials that are produced outside forests, such as bamboo and sorghum.
Waste wood is not particularly limited, but, for example, logs of the above-mentioned tree species, raw materials such as thinned wood, scraps generated at factories and residential construction sites, waste pallet materials discarded after transportation of materials, generated at the time of building demolition Demolition waste materials, etc. are listed.

  As a method for crushing the raw material into a wooden material piece, the material is crushed by a hammer mill crusher. A small piece manufacturing machine (knife flaker, etc.) that uses cutting as the element generally used in particle boards to cut logs with a rotary blade of a flaker, cuts thin pieces thinly and cuts wood fibers. This is because the crushing tip produced by a crusher using crushing as an element becomes a spindle shape having a length of 20 mm to 150 mm and is easy to increase in strength.

The wood material piece used preferably has a specific gravity of 0.3 to 0.6, a length of 20 mm to 150 mm, and a thickness (short side) of 1 mm to 11 mm. Although the bulk density of the manufactured wood type composite material is limited to 0.6 or more, the reason is as follows.
That is, when the specific gravity of the wood material piece is less than 0.3, sufficient strength cannot be obtained due to the decay of the wood, or the compaction process cannot be sufficiently performed at the time of molding, and the strength is obtained. Absent. When the specific gravity of the wood material piece exceeds 0.6, the wood material piece is hard, and it is difficult to form it as a desired structural material.

When a wood material piece having a thickness of less than 1 mm is used, the constituent material piece becomes too small, a large amount of binder is required, and strength is not exhibited. On the other hand, if the thickness of the wooden piece exceeds 11 mm, the number of laminated pieces of wooden pieces in the thickness direction of the structural material decreases, stress transmission cannot be performed sufficiently, and stress concentration occurs at the joint of the wooden pieces. It is easy and the desired strength cannot be obtained.
If a wood material piece with a length of less than 20 mm is used, when used as a structural material, the strength in the axial direction becomes insufficient. If a wood material piece with a length exceeding 150 mm is used, when the wood material pieces are laminated, The crossing points of the wood material pieces increase, and sufficient consolidation cannot be achieved. Since the length of the wood material piece is not a material that can be completely separated, the weight ratio is 70% or more, and preferably 80% or more is sufficient if the crushed chips of the above length are contained. Demonstrated.

  Further, the ratio of the length of the wood material piece to the thickness is not particularly limited, but the length is preferably 10 times or more of the thickness. That is, if the length is less than 10 times the thickness, the strength in the axial direction of the wood-based composite material may be insufficient.

When the bulk density is less than 0.6, sufficient bonding of the wooden material pieces cannot be obtained, and when used as a structural material, there is a possibility that sufficient strength cannot be obtained.
Further, the porosity is not particularly limited, but is preferably 10% or less. That is, if the porosity exceeds 10%, the bonding between the wooden material pieces in the wooden composite material becomes insufficient, and there is a possibility that sufficient strength may not be exhibited.

Examples of the binder used in the present invention include phenol resin, urea resin, isocyanate and the like, and adhesives for wood industry used for plywood and particle board. These binders may be used alone or in combination of several kinds. good.
The binder may be liquid or powdery, but is attached to the wood material piece in a sprayed or mixed state.

Although it does not specifically limit as a press machine, For example, what used the vertical type | mold press machine and the continuous press machine for shaping | molding the existing wood type material to a perpendicular | vertical direction operation can be used.
The heating method is not particularly limited, but for example, there is a method of transferring heat from the surface of a wooden material piece to the inside by heat transfer like a hot plate, or a method of directly heating the inside such as steam injection or high frequency heating. Can be mentioned. Heating and pressurization may be performed simultaneously, may be performed after pressurization, or may be performed after heating. Moreover, in this invention, it is preferable that the laminated mat of a wooden material piece shall be 3 layers or more. That is, if there are two layers or less, there is a possibility that sufficient strength as a structural material cannot be obtained.

  Furthermore, when producing the woody composite material of the present invention, it is preferable to perform annealing, cutting, and sanding processing after press molding in order to improve the dimensional accuracy and surface properties of the woody composite material obtained.

In the joist according to the present invention, when the direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction and the compression direction of the wood material piece is the up and down direction, the wood material is uniformly arranged in the up and down direction from the left and right direction, and the resistance to indentation is large, Floor that has good bonding force, high holding power of the bonding tool, and small expansion due to moisture absorption, small change due to moisture from under the floor, and large bonding force and bonding strength with floor base material and flooring You can pair.

Reasons bonding strength fastener is large, such as nails and screws, woody material strip is compacted in the compression direction of the molded body due to the fact that are oriented crushed and perpendicular compression direction. When each perpendicular to the longitudinal direction and the compression direction of the wood material pieces in a shaped body and the vertical direction, parallel beauty vertical wooden material piece, for better alignment of the left and right directions, good enters the coupler. Moreover, since it couple | bonds so that a coupling tool may enter into the one where the way of crushing a wooden material piece is large, the repulsive force of a wooden material piece increases, and a coupling tool is fixed firmly.

The reason why the resistance to denting is large is that the wood material pieces are consolidated so that they are long on the top and bottom of the compact and short on the left and right, so the number of wood material pieces per unit length of the compact is higher in the vertical direction. Less than the number in the horizontal direction. That is, there are few adhesion points of wood material pieces, and there is much quantity of wood material. Therefore, the resistance with respect to the load from the up-down direction of a molded object becomes large.

  The reason why the expansion due to moisture absorption is small is that the compacted body is compacted in the compression direction, and the wood fibers constituting the wood material piece are also crushed in the compression direction. Therefore, when moisture enters the molded body, a part of the crushed wood fiber is recovered, and the expansion in the compression direction increases. Therefore, expansion in the direction perpendicular to the compression direction is small.

The foundation according to the present invention is installed on the foundation, with the load bearing strength being 1.1 to 2.2 times that in the left-right direction, assuming that the direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction and the compression direction of the wood material piece is the vertical direction. There is an effect to prevent penetration due to the load of the column or panel. In addition, since the base has a high resistance to intrusion and a large anchor bolt joining force, the resistance to wind pressure of the house is improved.
Further, the expansion rate due to moisture from the ground is smaller by about one third in the vertical direction of the base than in the horizontal direction, and the influence of expansion due to moisture absorption of the base on the column or panel is small.

Since the pillar according to the present invention is installed so that the direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction and the compression direction of the wood material piece is perpendicular to the wall surface, the fitting is good and the holding power of the joining tool is large, moisture Since the expansion due to the absorption of water is small, the wall surface material can be firmly fixed, and the expansion of the pillars due to the increase of the moisture in the wall has little influence on the wall surface, and a stable wall surface can be maintained.

Since the panel frame according to the present invention is joined so that the direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction and the compression direction of the wood material piece is perpendicular to the face material, the joining tool is good and the holding power of the joining tool is good. Since the expansion due to moisture absorption is small and the surface material is small, the surface material can be firmly fixed, and the expansion of the square material due to the increase of the moisture in the panel has little influence on the surface material, and the panel surface with little unevenness can be maintained.

  The molded body of the present invention is manufactured using a wood material piece having a thickness ratio of 1 to 11 mm, a length of 20 mm to 150 mm, and a length / thickness ≧ 10 with a weight ratio of 70% or more. Since the density is 0.6 or more, it has sufficient strength as a structural material.

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a molded body made of a wood material piece and a binder. The longitudinal direction of the upper and lower surfaces of the wood material piece in the molded body (this is also referred to as the longitudinal direction in the molded body) (the arrow X direction in the figure ) (cut arrow direction Z in the figure) The area is compressed to 70% or less, and the wood material piece is flattened. The average orientation angle of the wood material pieces on the upper and lower surfaces is oriented so that the average of the absolute values of the angle between the fiber direction α of each wood material piece and the longitudinal direction (arrow X direction in the figure) of the wood material is within 30 degrees. is doing.
When the pieces of wood material are simply stacked in the longitudinal direction, voids are generated between the chips and the strength is low. However, a stack of chips flattened in a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction changes from a spindle shape to a flat plate shape, and the gap between the chips / chips is physically reduced and the strength is high.
Since the cross-sectional area is compressed to 70% or less, the cross-sectional shape of the chip is flattened from a spindle shape to a flat plate shape, and even when oriented in one direction, the gap between the chips / chips is reduced and the strength is high.

2A is a perspective view of a joist according to the present invention, and FIG. 2B is a side view of the joist according to the present invention. The molded material 11 is placed on the fork 12 so that the vertical direction Y is perpendicular to the longitudinal direction X and the compression direction Z of the wood material piece . A coupler 13 such as a nail or a screw is inserted in the longitudinal direction X of the wood material piece in the molded body 11 and the direction Y perpendicular to the compression direction Z and coupled. Further, a flooring 15 provided on the molded body 11 is joined by a coupling tool 14 such as a nail or a screw placed in a direction Y perpendicular to the longitudinal direction and the compression direction of the wood material piece in the molded body.

  In the joist according to the present invention, the vertical direction is the direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction and the compression direction. Is good. In addition, since the holding power of the coupler is large and the expansion due to moisture absorption is small, a change due to moisture from under the floor is small, and a floor assembly having a large pulling force and a large coupling force with the floor base material and the flooring material can be formed.

FIG. 3 is a perspective view of the foundation according to the present invention. It is installed on the foundation 21 so that the longitudinal direction X and the longitudinal direction X of the wood material piece in the molded body 11 are perpendicular to the compression direction Z, respectively. Anchor bolts 22 are inserted in a direction Y perpendicular to the longitudinal direction X and the compression direction Z of the wood material piece in the molded body, and are connected to the foundation 21.

The base according to the present invention is installed on the base made of the molded body 11 because the load bearing strength is 1.1 to 2.2 times that in the left-right direction when the direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction and the compression direction is the vertical direction. There is an effect of preventing the penetration by the load of the pillar 23 to be performed. In addition, since the base made of the molded body 11 has a high proof strength against intrusion and a high binding force of the anchor bolt 22, the proof strength against wind pressure of the house is improved.
In addition, the expansion rate due to moisture from the ground is about one-third smaller in the vertical direction of the base made of the molded body 11 than in the left-right direction, and the expansion due to moisture absorption of the base made of the molded body 11 exerted on the column or panel. The influence of is small.

FIG. 4A is a perspective view of a column according to the present invention. (B) is sectional drawing of the pillar concerning this invention. (C) is an expanded sectional view of the pillar concerning this invention. The wood material piece in the molded body 11 is installed so that the longitudinal direction X and the compression direction Z of the wood material piece are perpendicular to the wall surface 31. A coupling tool 32 such as a nail or a screw is inserted into the wall material 31 in a direction Y perpendicular to the longitudinal direction X and the compression direction Z of the wooden material piece in the molded body and coupled.

  Since the column made of the molded body 11 according to the present invention is installed so that the longitudinal direction X and the direction perpendicular to the compression direction are perpendicular to the wall surface material 31, the fitting is good and the holding force of the joining tool is high. Since the expansion due to the absorption of moisture is large and the wall surface material 31 is small, the wall surface material 31 can be firmly fixed, and the expansion of the column due to the increase of the moisture in the wall has little influence on the wall surface material 31, and a stable wall surface can be maintained.

FIG. 5 is a perspective view of a panel according to the present invention. FIG. 6 is a perspective view showing another embodiment of the panel according to the present invention. The molded body 11 is joined by inserting the nail 42 and the tucker 41 in a direction Y perpendicular to the longitudinal direction X and the compression direction Z of the wood material piece in the molded body 11. In the panel frame according to the present invention, the direction Y that is perpendicular to the longitudinal direction X and the compression direction Z is coupled so as to be perpendicular to the face material (not shown). Because the holding power of the tool is large and the expansion due to moisture absorption is small, the face material can be firmly fixed, and the expansion of the square material due to the rise of moisture in the panel has little effect on the face material, and the panel surface with less unevenness Can be maintained.

It is a perspective view of the molded object which consists of a wooden material piece concerning this invention, and a binder. (A) It is a perspective view of the joist concerning this invention. (B) It is a side view of the joist concerning this invention. It is a perspective view of the foundation concerning this invention. (A) It is a perspective view of the pillar concerning this invention. (B) It is sectional drawing of the pillar concerning this invention. (C) It is an expanded sectional view of the pillar concerning this invention. It is a perspective view of the panel concerning this invention. It is a perspective view which shows another Example of the panel concerning this invention.

Explanation of symbols

11 Molded body 21 Foundation 31 Wall material 32 Nail 41 Tucker

Claims (5)

It consists of an elongated wooden material piece and a binder in the range of thickness 1 to 11 mm and length 20 mm to 150 mm, stacked in a state in which the wooden material pieces are oriented so as to face almost one direction, and heated and pressurized. A molded body in which wood materials are bonded to each other by a binder, and a weight ratio of 70% or more is a wood material piece, the vertical direction is perpendicular to the longitudinal direction and the compression direction of the wood material piece in the formed body . In this way, the joist is installed on the large pull, and a joint such as a nail or a screw is inserted and joined in a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction and the compression direction of the wood material piece in the molded body. It consists of an elongated wooden material piece and a binder in the range of thickness 1 to 11 mm and length 20 mm to 150 mm, stacked in a state in which the wooden material pieces are oriented so as to face almost one direction, and heated and pressurized. A molded body in which wood materials are bonded to each other by a binder, and a weight ratio of 70% or more is a wood material piece, the vertical direction is perpendicular to the longitudinal direction and the compression direction of the wood material piece in the formed body . In this way, the floor base material or flooring material installed on the molded body is connected to the longitudinal direction and the compression direction of the wood material piece in the molded body with a nail or screw, etc. A joist characterized by being put in and combined. It consists of an elongated wooden material piece and a binder in the range of thickness 1 to 11 mm and length 20 mm to 150 mm, stacked in a state in which the wooden material pieces are oriented so as to face almost one direction, and heated and pressurized. A molded body in which wood materials are bonded to each other by a binder and a weight ratio of 70% or more is a wood material piece so that the vertical direction is perpendicular to the longitudinal direction and the compression direction of the wood material piece in the molded body . The foundation is characterized in that it is installed on the foundation and anchor bolts are inserted in directions perpendicular to the longitudinal direction and the compression direction of the wooden material pieces in the molded body, respectively, and joined to the foundation. It consists of an elongated wooden material piece and a binder in the range of thickness 1 to 11 mm and length 20 mm to 150 mm, stacked in a state in which the wooden material pieces are oriented so as to face almost one direction, and heated and pressurized. A molded body in which wood materials are bonded to each other by a binder and a weight ratio of 70% or more is a wood material piece is perpendicular to the wall surface in a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction and the compression direction of the wood material piece in the formed body . The pillar is characterized in that a connecting tool such as a nail or a screw is inserted from the wall surface material in a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction and the compression direction of the wood material piece in the molded body and coupled. It consists of an elongated wooden material piece and a binder in the range of thickness 1 to 11 mm and length 20 mm to 150 mm, stacked in a state in which the wooden material pieces are oriented so as to face almost one direction, and heated and pressurized. A molded body in which wood materials are bonded to each other by a binder and a weight ratio of 70% or more is a wood material piece, and a binding tool such as a nail, a tucker or a screw is in the longitudinal direction and the compression direction of the wood material piece in the molded body . A panel frame characterized by being put in a vertical direction and joined together.

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