JP4222660B2 - Crusher - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a pulverizer generally called a hammer mill, and more particularly to a pulverizer configured to pulverize a plate-like material with a hammer.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, a hammer mill is mainly used to pulverize plate-like materials. FIG. 3 is a side cross-sectional view schematically showing an example of the conventional hammer mill for plates. As shown in the figure, a plurality of disk-like rotors 2 are fixed in the axial direction around a central rotating shaft 1 (this specific configuration will be described later), Along the circumferential direction, rectangular plate-like hammers 3 are alternately provided on the front surface and the back surface. In the same manner, a mounting shaft 4 penetrating each rotor 2 is mounted in the vicinity of the outer periphery of the rotor 2 at equal angular intervals in parallel to the rotating shaft 1, and the hammers 3 are respectively rotatable around the mounting shaft 4. . As a material of the hammer 3, for example, a steel material that has been quenched is used.
[0003]
When the above configuration is referred to as a rotor unit, an upper casing 5 is provided at the upper portion of the rotor unit, and a lower casing 6 is provided at the lower portion, thereby blocking the rotor unit from the outside. Further, a screen 7 made of punching metal or in a lattice shape is provided along the lower half of the rotor unit. A flat guide 8 is horizontally attached to the upper end of the lower casing 6 on the front side of the apparatus (right side in the figure), and serves to guide the material to the inside.
[0004]
Specifically, first, when the rotating shaft 1 is rotated by a driving means (not shown) and the rotor unit rotates in the direction of arrow A, each hammer 3 rotates while extending radially around the rotor 2 by centrifugal force. It becomes a state. In this state, for example, the transport rollers 9 and 10 are rotated in the directions of arrows B and C, respectively, the plate-like material 12 is sandwiched between them, and transported in the direction of arrow D from the front of the apparatus, and the guide 8 and the upper casing 5 It is fed into the apparatus through a feed port 11 formed between the lower end. In addition, a roller conveyor may be combined with the said conveyance roller, and you may supply manually instead of a conveyance roller. Examples of the material 12 include plate materials such as bakelite, wood plywood, gypsum board, and plastic board.
[0005]
The material 12 supplied to the inside of the apparatus is pulverized sequentially from the tip by the impact force of the rotating hammer 3. What has been pulverized to a particle size of less than a predetermined size passes through many holes 7 a provided on the screen 7 and accumulates as a product on the bottom of the lower casing 6. The powder that has not passed through the hole 7a stays and is pulverized again. The feed port 11 is provided at a position slightly lower than the height of the center of the rotor unit, that is, the center axis of the rotary shaft 1. This is to generate a component force that pulls the material 12 horizontally into the apparatus when it is crushed with the hammer 3 in order to draw the supplied material 12 smoothly.
[0006]
FIG. 4 is a front longitudinal sectional view schematically showing an example of a conventional hammer mill for plates. In the same figure, the above-described rotor unit particularly represents the EE cross section shown in FIG. As described above, a plurality of disk-shaped rotors 2 are fixed to the rotating shaft 1 at predetermined intervals in the axial direction, and rectangular plate-shaped hammers 3 are formed on the surface and near the outer periphery. It is provided on the back side. However, each of the rotors 2 fixed to both ends of the rotary shaft 1 is provided with a hammer 3 only on one side.
[0007]
In the same manner, a mounting shaft 4 penetrating each rotor 2 is mounted in the vicinity of the outer periphery of the rotor 2 at equal angular intervals in parallel to the rotating shaft 1, and the hammers 3 are respectively rotatable around the mounting shaft 4. . However, it is not necessarily limited to this configuration, and the hammers 3 may be completely fixed radially to the rotor 2.
[0008]
A cylindrical spacer 13 is fitted to the mounting shaft 4 between the hammer 3 provided on the rotor 2 and another rotor 2 adjacent to the rotor 2. The hammer 3 is prevented from moving in the axial direction of the mounting shaft 4 while maintaining the interval between the rotors 2. However, the structure of the rotor unit is symmetrical here, and the central hammer 3 is sandwiched between the left and right rotors 2. Note that both ends of the rotating shaft 1 are rotatably supported by bearings (not shown), respectively, and are also rotated by driving means (not shown). Incidentally, FIG. 3 shows the FF cross section shown in FIG.
[0009]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, in the above configuration, the pulverized material 12 may be ejected from the feed port 11, or the material 12 may be difficult to be supplied into the apparatus from the feed port 11. One of the causes of these problems is one that comes from the shape of the hammer 3. FIG. 5 is a diagram schematically showing the principle of the shape of the hammer 3 as the cause of the above problem. In the figure, it is assumed that when the hammer 3 is in a substantially horizontal state as indicated by a solid line, the lower right corner is in contact with the upper left corner b of the material 12.
[0010]
Next, when the hammer 3 is slightly rotated around the center point a (the center of the rotating shaft 1) in the direction of the arrow A, a gap is formed between the side 3a at the outer tip and the corner b, and this is gradually increased. When it becomes larger and the vicinity of the center of the side 3a and the corner portion b face each other as shown by the alternate long and short dash line, the gap is maximized. When the hammer 3 further rotates, the gap between the side 3a and the corner b point gradually decreases, and finally the upper right corner of the hammer 3 is in contact with the corner b, as indicated by a two-dot chain line. Become.
[0011]
Actually, since the material 12 is always fed as shown by the arrow D, a force to push back the material 12 acts on one side 3a of the hammer 3 at this time. Also, the pulverized material 12 may be blown outside here. These are due to the fact that the shape of the hammer 3 is a rectangular plate and there are two portions with the maximum turning radius. In addition, 3b of the figure is a hole for letting the said attachment shaft 4 pass.
[0012]
On the other hand, as another cause for the pulverized material 12 to be ejected from the feed port 11, retention is cited. That is, even if pulverized, the powder particles that have not passed through the hole 7a of the screen 7 stay and circulate around the rotor 2, and travel around the ceiling of the upper casing 5 shown in FIG. As indicated by G, it falls at a high speed. At this time, if the material 12 is continuously supplied, powder particles may collide with the top surface of the tip and be ejected from the feed port 11.
[0013]
In view of these problems, the present invention makes it easy to supply a plate-like material with a simple configuration, and prevents the pulverized material from being ejected from the feed port, thereby improving the pulverization ability. The purpose is to provide a crusher.
[0014]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve the above object, in the present invention, in a pulverizer that provides a hammer around a rotating rotor and pulverizes a plate material with the hammer, a casing that shuts off the rotor provided with the hammer from the outside, A feed port that is provided on the front surface and feeds the plate material into the casing, and the plate material supplied from the feed port is a pulverized powder of the plate material that circulates around the rotor A shielding plate for preventing an upper collision is provided, and the shielding plate is attached obliquely downward to the front back side of the casing .
[0015]
Further, in the present invention, in the pulverizer as described above, at the tip of the hammer, when the hammer pulverizes the plate material, it is for avoiding contact with the plate material on the side opposite to the striking portion that strikes the plate material. It is set as the structure which provided the notch part .
[0016]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a side cross-sectional view showing an embodiment of a crusher of the present invention. Here, the basic configuration is the same as that shown in the prior art, but as shown in the figure, in this embodiment, as one configuration, a notch is formed at the outer front end of the hammer 3 that rotates. 3c is provided. This is intended to remove the force for pushing back the supplied material 12 and the force for ejecting the pulverized material 12 as described above. FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a specific example of a notch provided in the hammer 3. In the same figure, 3c is a notch part, 3d is a side which actually hits and crushes the material 12 (also shown in FIG. 1).
[0017]
As shown in FIG. 6A, theoretically, if the notch 3c is provided at the outer front end (right end in the figure) of the hammer 3 from the center line indicated by the alternate long and short dash line when viewed from the side 3d, to the opposite side. Although it is good, in this embodiment, as shown to the same figure (b), the notch part 3c is provided over the near side from the centerline shown with a dashed-dotted line seeing from the one side 3d. This is to allow the material 12 to be supplied more smoothly by making extra relief in this way.
[0018]
Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 5 (c), it is better if the notch 3c can be provided deeply. However, if the notch is made too large, the hammer 3 may be worn back and promoted. This is not preferable.
[0019]
As another configuration of the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1, an elongated plate-like baffle plate 14 is attached obliquely downward on the front back side of the upper casing 5 over the entire width in the direction perpendicular to the drawing sheet. ing. This is because, as described above, the powder particles stay and circulate and turn around the ceiling of the upper casing 5 toward the vicinity of the feed port 11 again as shown by the arrow H toward the inside of the apparatus. Playing a role. As a result, the powder particles do not collide with the top surface of the tip of the supplied material 12 and are ejected from the feed port 11.
[0020]
Hereinafter, a comparison test result of the processing capability between the conventional configuration and the configuration of the present embodiment will be described. The rotor units were both 650 mm in diameter and 1200 mm in width, and both rotated at 1300 rpm. It is. In these configurations, the processing time when processing three plastic boards having a thickness of 19 mm, a width of 800 mm, and a length of 2500 mm (the weight of one piece: 64.6 kg) is 6 minutes 10 seconds in the conventional case, and 4 in the present embodiment. It was minutes 55 seconds. Accordingly, the processing capacities are 1.9 t / h and 2.4 t / h, respectively.
[0021]
The striking portion referred to in claim 2 corresponds to one side 3d of the hammer 3 in the embodiment, and the shielding plate in claim 1 corresponds to the baffle plate 14 in the embodiment.
[0022]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the present invention, it is easy to supply a plate-like material with a simple configuration, and the pulverized material is prevented from being ejected from the feed port, thereby improving the pulverization ability. Can be provided.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a side cross-sectional view showing an embodiment of a crusher of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a specific example of a notch provided in a hammer.
FIG. 3 is a side cross-sectional view schematically showing an example of a conventional hammer mill for plates.
FIG. 4 is a front longitudinal sectional view schematically showing an example of a conventional hammer mill for plates.
FIG. 5 is a diagram schematically showing the principle of problem occurrence due to the shape of a hammer.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Rotating shaft 2 Rotor 3 Hammer 4 Mounting shaft 5 Upper casing 6 Lower casing 7 Screen 8 Guide 11 Feed port 12 Material 13 Spacer 14 Baffle plate

Claims (2)

In a crusher that provides a hammer around the rotating rotor and crushes the plate material with the hammer,
A casing that shuts off the rotor provided with the hammer from the outside, and a feed port that is provided in front of the casing and supplies the plate material to the inside of the casing;
Provided with a shielding plate for preventing the pulverized particles of the plate material from staying and circulating around the rotor from colliding with the plate material supplied from the feed port,
The crusher , wherein the shielding plate is attached obliquely downward to the front back side of the casing .   A notch for avoiding contact with the plate material is provided on the opposite side of the hammering portion where the hammer hits the plate material when the hammer crushes the plate material at the tip of the hammer. 2. The pulverizer according to 1.

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