JP4216829B2 - Waste incinerator discharge - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention is a waste incinerator waste that effectively suppresses the generation of harmful substances such as dioxins in the exhaust gas by effectively quenching the exhaust gas discharged from the combustion chamber It relates to the discharge of an incinerator.

  A conventional waste incinerator is a combustion chamber (hereinafter referred to as a “main combustion chamber”) in which waste is introduced and combustion air is taken in and burned, and gas combustion that introduces the combustion gas and burns the unburned components of the exhaust gas. A structure is generally composed of a chamber (hereinafter referred to as a “recombustion chamber”), an exhaust bump for exhausting exhaust gas from the combustion chamber to the outside, and a cooling device for cooling the exhaust gas.

  In recent years, harmful substances such as dioxins generated when incinerating industrial waste, especially medical waste containing chlorinated plastics more than twice that of ordinary waste, have become a major social problem. .

  Generally, in order to effectively suppress dioxins, dust, bad odor, etc. that can be contained in exhaust gas, it is necessary to completely burn unburned components contained in the exhaust gas. (1) Maintaining a high temperature of 800-950 ° C, (2) Mixing in the furnace by secondary blowing, (3) Residence time of exhaust gas is 2.0-3.0 seconds, (4) Exhaust gas quenching to 200 ° C or less The Ministry of Health and Welfare has established combustion guidelines.

  In order to achieve the above conditions, various ingenuity has also been made in conventional waste incinerators.For example, (3) in order to ensure the residence time of exhaust gas, the internal structure of the combustion chamber is passed through the exhaust gas. It has been proposed to provide a structure including a partition wall having a mouth, and further to make the inside a maze-like structure by combining the partition wall and the passage port (see Patent Document 1).

  It has also been proposed to provide a catalyst for promoting high-temperature oxidation in the combustion chamber for more efficient combustion of unburned components of exhaust gas (see Patent Documents 1 and 2).

  Furthermore, as a method for (4) exhaust gas rapid cooling, generally, a method using a water cooling device (see Patent Documents 3 and 4) or an ejector device for promoting exhaust gas emission (see Patent Documents 1 and 5). ) Etc. are known.

  However, if the internal structure is complicated as described above, or if a catalyst is provided in the middle of the exhaust gas passage, smooth discharge of the exhaust gas may be hindered. The need arises.

  However, conventionally, the ejector device installed in the exhaust collision has been provided with a blower outlet (hereinafter referred to as “blower nozzle”) at the center (core portion) inside the exhaust collision (see Patent Documents 1 and 2). If the diameter of the blowing nozzle is increased in order to increase the capacity, there is a problem that the area of the passage port of the exhaust gas itself becomes narrow.

  Furthermore, if the ejector device for promoting exhaust gas emission also serves as an exhaust gas quenching device, there is an advantage that a large-scale water cooling device is not necessary, but the capability of rapid cooling is not sufficient. When the temperature of the exhaust gas reached around 250 ° C. to 450 ° C. during the cooling process, dioxins could be re-synthesized.

JP-A-11-132423 JP 2000-257835 A JP 2001-132937 A JP-A-11-193909 JP-A-11-304117

  Therefore, the present invention is a waste incinerator waste disposal that effectively suppresses the generation of harmful substances such as dioxins in the exhaust gas by effectively quenching the exhaust gas discharged from the combustion chamber The challenge is to provide a waste incinerator for waste.

  As a result of earnest research to obtain a waste incinerator capable of preventing the formation of dioxins in exhaust gas while being compact, the present inventors provide a plurality of blowing nozzles having different blowing directions in the discharge collision. Thus, the present inventors have found that exhaust gas can be rapidly cooled and dioxin generation can be prevented, and the present invention has been completed.

  That is, the present invention is an incinerator exhaust projection having a plurality of blowing nozzles therein, wherein the plurality of blowing nozzles are configured by a group of blowing nozzles for blowing air in at least two different directions. It is a waste incinerator discharge collision.

  The waste incinerator exhaust projection according to the present invention is equipped with a cooling air blowing nozzle in addition to the exhaust air blowing nozzle, and the ejector device for promoting exhaust gas discharge also serves as the exhaust gas cooling device. The exhaust gas discharged from the combustion chamber can be effectively quenched to effectively suppress the generation of harmful substances such as dioxins in the exhaust gas.

  Further, the waste incinerator exhaust bumper has a plurality of exhaust air blowing nozzles disposed at the exhaust gas passage edge, so that the exhaust capacity can be improved without increasing the diameter of the air blowing nozzle. it can.

  Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to the drawings showing an embodiment of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited thereto.

  FIG. 1 is a partially cutaway front view of a waste incinerator exhaust projection according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is a partially cutaway side view of a waste incinerator exhaust projection according to the present invention, and FIG. FIG. 4 shows one embodiment of a waste incinerator equipped with a waste incinerator exhaust projection according to the present invention. In the figure, 1 is an exhaust collision main body part, 2 is an ejector device, 3 is an incinerator main body, 11 is an exhaust air blowing nozzle, 12 is a cooling air blowing nozzle, 13 is an exhaust air duct, and 14 is an exhaust gas passage. , 15 is an exhaust port, 16 is a gas measurement port, 21 is a blower duct, 22 is a damper, 31 is a main combustion chamber, 32 is a recombustion chamber, 33 is a catalytic device, 34 is a partition inside the combustion chamber, and 35 is auxiliary combustion A burner, 36 is a reburning burner, and 37 is a waste inlet.

  As shown in FIG. 1 to FIG. 3, the waste incinerator discharge collision according to the present invention is basically one in which a blower ejector device 2 is connected to the discharge protrusion main body 1 and the air is blown from there. .

  As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the internal structure of the waste incinerator exhaust projection according to the present invention blows air to the substantially central portion of the exhaust projection main body 1 in parallel to the axial direction and in the same direction as the exhaust gas flow. The ducts 13a and 13b in the exhaust bumps each provided with a blower nozzle (hereinafter referred to as “exhaust blower nozzle”) 11 and a blower nozzle (hereinafter referred to as “cooling blower nozzle”) 12 that blows in the central direction perpendicular to the axis. Have Each of the in-extrusion ducts 13a and 13b is installed in an annular shape on the inner wall surface of the in-exit main body 1 with the in-exclusion duct 13a at the bottom and the in-exclusion duct 13b at the top.

  A plurality of exhaust air blowing nozzles 11 are arranged at regular intervals on the upper surface of the duct 13a in the exhaust projection, and further, a plurality of cooling air nozzles 12 are provided on the lower side surface of the duct 13b in the exhaust projection. It arrange | positions so that it may be located in the space | interval which the several ventilation nozzle 11 has.

  As shown in FIG. 2 or FIG. 3, a blower duct 21 communicating with the blower opening of the ejector device 2 is connected to the duct 13 in the discharge collision. More specifically, the air duct 21 communicating with the ejector device 2 is branched into two at appropriate portions, one of the branched air ducts 21a is ejected into the discharge inner duct 13a, and the other air duct 21b is ejected. Each of them is connected to the inner duct 13b so as to be able to blow air to both the exhaust air blowing nozzle 11 and the cooling air blowing nozzle 12.

  Here, functions of the exhaust air blowing nozzle 11 and the cooling air blowing nozzle 12 will be described. First, the exhaust air blowing nozzle 11 is disposed at the peripheral portion of the exhaust gas passage port 14 so as to blow air in parallel with the axis of the cylindrical exhaust projection main body 1 and in the same direction as the flow of the exhaust gas. For this reason, when the air sent from the ejector device 2 blows out from the exhaust air blowing nozzle 11, a cylindrical upward air flow is formed so as to surround the exhaust gas discharged from the exhaust gas passage port 14.

  Therefore, the exhaust gas discharged from the exhaust gas passage port 14 is pulled by the air flow rising in a cylindrical shape, and the discharge is promoted. Therefore, the flow of the exhaust gas inside the incinerator main body is kept smooth.

  Next, since the cooling air blowing nozzle 12 is arranged at the peripheral edge portion of the exhaust gas passage port 14 so as to blow in the central direction (horizontal horizontal direction) perpendicular to the axis of the discharge main body 1, the ejector device 2. When the blown air sent in is blown out from the cooling air blowing nozzle 12, the blown air is blown toward the center from the periphery to the exhaust gas discharged from the exhaust gas passage port 14.

  Therefore, the exhaust gas discharged from the exhaust gas passage port 14 is blown with room temperature air having a temperature of about 800 ° C. to 900 ° C. below the exhaust gas passage port 14 about four times the amount of exhaust gas, and rapidly cooled to 200 ° C. or less. Is done.

  The positional relationship between the exhaust air blowing nozzle 11 and the cooling air blowing nozzle 12 is not limited to that of the present embodiment, but if the air blowing nozzles 11 are arranged alternately as in the present embodiment, the respective air blowing nozzles are arranged. It is desirable that the airflows blown out from each other are less likely to interfere with each other.

  In addition, as described above, the air blown from the exhaust air blowing nozzle 11 has a function of promoting exhaust gas exhaustion, and at the same time, it also has a function of rapidly cooling the exhaust gas while exhausting the exhaust gas. Needless to say.

  In order to cool the exhaust gas most efficiently, it is desirable to set the angle of blowing by the cooling air nozzle 12 so as to blow perpendicularly to the axis of the discharge main body 1 as in this embodiment. For example, the angle of the blowout may be set within a range of angles up to 60 degrees in the same direction as the flow of exhaust gas from the axis of the exhaust projection main body 1, and as the angle increases, The effect of promoting discharge increases.

  FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing an embodiment of a waste incinerator equipped with a waste incinerator discharge bump according to the present invention. As shown in FIG. 4, the interior of the waste incinerator includes a main combustion chamber 31 and a recombustion chamber 32, and each combustion chamber is separated by a catalyst device 33. Among these, the main combustion chamber is composed of a combustion portion provided with an auxiliary burner and an exhaust gas path provided with a reburn burner 36. Since each combustion chamber is provided with a partition 34, the dead space is reduced as compared with a waste incinerator of the type that does not have a partition in the combustion chamber. It is possible to ensure a longer residence time.

  Furthermore, the function of the waste incinerator provided with the waste incinerator discharge bump according to the present invention will be described below. First, the waste introduced into the incinerator from the waste inlet 37 is first combusted by the auxiliary burner 35 in the main combustion chamber 31, and the combustible gas generated by this combustion is formed by the internal partition 34. In the process of passing through the exhaust gas path, it is further burned by the reburn burner 36.

  When the unburned component contained in the exhaust gas after combustion in the main combustion chamber 31 passes through the catalyst device 33 provided behind the reburn burner 36, it directly contacts the catalyst device 33 heated by radiant heat and convection. Thus, high temperature oxidation is promoted, and recombustion inside the recombustion chamber 32 is promoted. The catalyst used in this catalyst device is preferably a plate-like catalyst having a large number of small holes. Such a catalyst is preferably produced by, for example, sintering alumina or silica or a mixture thereof, and may be a catalyst in which a known catalytic metal such as Fe, Cr, Ni or the like is further supported. Moreover, it is preferable that the hole provided in a plate-shaped catalyst is a thing with a diameter of about 30 mm.

  The exhaust gas immediately after being discharged from the recombustion chamber 32 is maintained at a high temperature of 800 ° C. or higher. However, when the exhaust gas passes through the cooling air nozzle 12 provided in the middle portion of the exhaust projection 1, the exhaust gas amount is about Four times normal temperature air is blown and rapidly cooled to 200 ° C. or lower. Then, the rapidly cooled exhaust gas is quickly discharged to the exhaust port 15 by the air blowing from the exhaust air blowing nozzle 11. With such a mechanism, even waste including vinyl chloride can be completely burned without re-synthesizing dioxins. In addition, the plate-like catalyst as described above has a large resistance and is difficult to use in a conventional incinerator, but when using the incinerator exhaust projection of the present invention, the suction force by this is strong, It can be used without problems.

Test example:
The temperature of the exhaust gas at the main combustion chamber, the recombustion chamber, and the exhaust protrusion was measured during the operation of the waste incinerator equipped with the waste incinerator exhaust projection according to the present invention (June 2005). 7 days).

  This measurement was performed in a waste incinerator equipped with a discharge bump having an inner diameter of 1000 mm, and a thermocouple was used to measure the exhaust gas temperature at the discharge protrusion. The position of the thermocouple of the exhaust protrusion is provided at a position 500 mm under the exhaust protrusion and 300 mm from the inner wall of the exhaust protrusion, and the exhaust gas in the main combustion chamber, the recombustion chamber, and the exhaust protrusion is provided every 5 minutes. The temperature of was measured. The results are shown in Table 1.

  The waste incinerator discharge collision according to the present invention can be used not only for a waste incinerator but also for a cremation furnace, a home incinerator or the like. In that case, without having a large exhaust gas cooling processing device due to the cooling function of the exhaust collision, it is possible to prevent the resynthesis of dioxins at a low cost and to shorten the length of the exhaust collision as compared with the conventional incinerator. Therefore, it also has an advantage of saving space.

Partial cutaway front view of a waste incinerator exhaust collision according to the present invention Partial cutaway side view of a waste incinerator exhaust collision according to the present invention Partially cutaway plan view of a waste incinerator waste projection An embodiment of a waste incinerator provided with a waste incinerator discharge bump according to the present invention

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ...... Ejection main part 2 ... Ejector apparatus 3 ...... Incinerator main body 11 ...... Exhaust ventilation nozzle 12 ...... Cooling ventilation nozzle 13 ...... Exhaust projection duct 14 ...... Exhaust gas passage port 15 ...... Exhaust port Part 16 ... Gas measurement port 21 ... Air duct 22 ... Damper 31 ... Main combustion chamber 32 ... Recombustion chamber 33 ... ... Catalytic device 34 ... Internal combustion chamber partition 35 ... Auxiliary burner 36 ... Reburn burner 37…… Waste input
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Claims (3)

An incinerator exhaust projection having a plurality of blowing nozzles therein, wherein the plurality of blowing nozzles are arranged in parallel to the axis of the discharging projection body and in the same direction as the flow of exhaust gas, Air blown from a group of air blowing nozzles that blows in the central direction at an angle of up to 60 degrees in the same direction as the exhaust gas flow from the vertical to the axis, and blows in the same direction as the exhaust gas flow and parallel to the axis of the exhaust projection main body The nozzle ports of the nozzle group are arranged so as to be between the positions of the nozzle ports of the blowing nozzle group for blowing air in the central direction at an angle of 60 degrees in the same direction as the exhaust gas flow from the vertical line or the vertical line of the exhaust projection main body. An incinerator discharge collision characterized by being made . 2. The incinerator exhaust collision according to claim 1, wherein the blower nozzle group is disposed at an exhaust gas passage opening edge inside the exhaust collision. 3. The incinerator exhaust collision according to claim 1 , wherein a duct in the exhaust projection to which the air blowing nozzle group is attached is installed in an annular shape on an inner wall surface of the exhaust projection main body.

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