JP4213816B2 - Method and apparatus for joining outer ring member for constant velocity joint - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a joining method and apparatus for a constant velocity joint outer ring member that integrally joins a cup portion and a shaft portion that constitute an outer ring member for a constant velocity joint.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, for example, a constant velocity joint has been adopted in a power transmission device of an automobile in order to obtain a smooth rotational force without being affected by an angle of a driven shaft. As this type of constant velocity joint, there are known a bar field type in which a rotational force is provided by a ball bearing and a tripod type in which the rotational force is provided through at least three rollers.
[0003]
In this case, each of the constant velocity joints of the barfield type and tripod type is provided integrally with the shaft portion and the diameter of the shaft portion from the end portion of the shaft portion, and a plurality of track grooves are formed on the inner peripheral surface thereof. An outer ring member constituted by the formed cup portion is provided.
[0004]
For example, when manufacturing an outer ring member constituting a Barfield type constant velocity joint, a shaft portion is formed by subjecting a rod-shaped member cut to a predetermined length to forward extrusion, while upsetting molding is performed. The cup portion is integrally formed with the shaft portion by performing various forging such as rear extrusion molding and ironing molding.
[0005]
By the way, when manufacturing an outer ring member using such a forging method, intermediate processing such as annealing and bonding is required between various forging and molding processes. Intermediate processing is required.
[0006]
Further, the forging method has a problem that it is difficult to reduce the thickness of the outer ring member because the surface pressure of the molding surface of the obtained molded body is extremely high.
[0007]
Therefore, for example, in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 9-29380, as shown in FIGS. 15 and 16, a cup portion is formed by narrowing one end portion of a high carbon steel pipe material cut to a predetermined size by cold pressing. 1 is formed, and the base portion of the shaft portion 2 formed by roll rolling or the like from a round material is welded to the center of the cup portion 1 to integrate the cup portion 1 and the shaft portion 2; A technical idea for performing a surface hardening treatment is disclosed.
[0008]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, in the technical idea disclosed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 9-29380, when the cup portion and the shaft portion are welded, the coaxial accuracy between the cup portion and the shaft portion cannot be maintained. It is necessary to ensure the coaxial accuracy by machining (for example, grinding). Accordingly, there is a problem that post-processing takes a lot of time and the manufacturing cost increases.
[0009]
The present invention has been made in consideration of the above-mentioned problems, and can join the cup portion and the shaft portion while maintaining the coaxial accuracy, and can reduce the manufacturing cost by suppressing post-processing as much as possible. It is an object of the present invention to provide a method and an apparatus for joining an outer ring member for a speed joint.
[0010]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is a method of joining a cup portion and a shaft portion constituting an outer ring member for a constant velocity joint,
By setting the cup portion on the mandrel and holding the shaft portion along the axial direction by the upper center pin and the lower center pin through the center holes respectively formed at both ends of the shaft portion, the cup portion and the shaft a step of holding a part coaxially, the cup portion and the shaft portion at each clamped, the step of press-fitting the annular stepped portion of the upper center pin and the lower center pin to displace the shaft portion into the hole of the cup portion When,
A step of welding the cup part and the shaft part after releasing the clamped state of the cup part and the shaft part;
It is characterized by having.
[0011]
According to the present invention, since the cup portion and the shaft portion are integrally joined in a state of being held coaxially, the manufacturing process is omitted the time required for post-processing can be simplified.
[0012]
Furthermore, the present invention is a joining device between a cup portion and a shaft portion constituting an outer ring member for a constant velocity joint,
A cup holding member on which the cup is set;
A pair of pin members provided coaxially with the cup portion holding member and holding the shaft portion coaxially with the cup portion ;
A gripping member that grips the shaft and press-fits the shaft into the cup;
A clamping mechanism for clamping the cup portion;
A joining means for joining the cup part and the shaft part arranged coaxially with each other ;
It is characterized by providing.
[0013]
In this case, by inserting the protruding portion of the set of the pin member relative to the center hole which is formed at both ends of the shaft portion, the shaft portion and a pair of pin members coaxially it is positioned respectively Retained.
[0014]
The clamp mechanism includes a clamp member that holds a shoulder portion of the cup portion, a first actuator that rotates the clamp member by a predetermined angle along a circumferential direction, and a second actuator that moves the clamp member up and down. It is preferable that a plurality of the clamp mechanisms are disposed at equal angular intervals along the circumferential direction.
[0015]
According to the present invention, it is possible to bond while retaining the cup portion and the shaft portion coaxially with a simple structure, manufacturing cost can be reduced.
[0016]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
A method for joining outer ring members for constant velocity joints according to the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings by giving preferred embodiments in connection with an apparatus for carrying out the same.
[0017]
In FIG. 1, reference numeral 10 indicates a constant velocity joint outer ring member in which the cup portion 12 and the shaft portion 14 are integrally joined by the joining device for the constant velocity joint outer ring member according to the present embodiment.
[0018]
The constant velocity joint outer ring member 10 includes a cup portion 12 and a shaft portion 14, and the cup portion 12 and the shaft portion 14 are integrally formed by welding or the like. A substantially circular opening 16 is formed at one end of the cup 12, and a flange 20 having a substantially circular cross section for attaching a boot band 18 (see FIG. 2) to the outer peripheral surface of the opening. Is formed.
[0019]
Further, as shown in FIG. 3, the cup portion 12 is formed with three bulging portions 22a to 22c that are separated by an angle of about 120 degrees along the circumferential direction and extend along the axial direction. Track grooves 24a to 24c are formed on the inner wall surfaces of the bulging portions 22a to 22c. Concentric circular arc portions 25a to 25c are formed between the adjacent bulging portions 22a to 22c.
[0020]
In this case, the top surfaces 26 of the flange portion 20 and the bulging portions 22a to 22c are respectively formed on peripheral surfaces having substantially the same radius of curvature. Therefore, the shape of the cup part 12 can be simplified and reduced in size.
[0021]
The other end portion of the cup portion 12 is narrowed by press molding to be described later, thereby forming a shoulder portion 28 that gradually decreases in diameter from the bulging portions 22a to 22c toward the shaft portion 14 side (FIG. 2).
[0022]
As shown in FIG. 4, the shaft portion 14 has a substantially cylindrical shape, and center holes 30 and 32 are coaxially formed on both end surfaces along the axial direction. An annular step 34 is formed.
[0023]
Next, the outer ring member joining device 60 for a constant velocity joint according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described.
[0024]
As shown in FIG. 5, the joining device 60 includes an upper mold 62 that can be moved up and down under the driving action of a lifting means (not shown), and a lower mold 64 fixed to a base portion (not shown). The
[0025]
The lower die 64 has a substantially disc-shaped base plate 66, a fixed plate 68 fixed on the base plate 66, and an annular bearing metal 70 and a bearing 72 provided on the fixed plate 68. A rotation unit 74 that is rotatably provided, a motor 76 that is fixed to a side portion of the base plate 66 and that rotates the rotation unit 74, and a gear that transmits a rotation driving force of the motor 76 to the rotation unit 74. And a mechanism 78.
[0026]
The rotating unit 74 includes first to fifth plates 80a to 80e that are stacked in order from the bottom and are integrally connected, and a gear portion 82 is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the lowermost first plate 80a. Further, a piston 86 that moves up and down under the action of the pressure fluid supplied to the cylinder chamber 84 and a knockout pin 88 that is connected to the piston 86 and that is displaced integrally with the piston 86 are provided at a substantially central portion of the first plate 80a. A knockout cylinder 90 is provided.
[0027]
A mandrel 92 is fixed to the uppermost fifth plate 80e through an annular step, and an uneven portion and a shoulder portion 94 corresponding to the track groove shape of the cup portion 12 are formed on the mandrel 92. A hole 96 that penetrates along the axial direction is formed inside the mandrel 92, and a lower center pin 98 is inserted into the hole 96, and the lower center pin 98 is connected to the knockout pin 88 to be knockout cylinder 90. Is provided so as to be displaced integrally with the piston 86 under the driving action of A projecting portion 100 that engages with the center hole 30 of the shaft portion 14 is formed at one end portion along the axial direction of the lower center pin 98, and the other end portion contacts the upper surface portion of the third plate 80c. A stopper portion 102 having a tapered cross section is formed so as to restrict the downward displacement by contact.
[0028]
A clamp member 104 is provided in the vicinity of the mandrel 92. The clamp member 104 moves up and down along the cylinder chamber 106 formed in the fourth plate 80d, and is displaced integrally with the piston 108. The first to third elevating cylinders (second actuators) 112a to 112c (however, 112b and 112c are not shown) having a long piston rod 110 are provided so as to be movable up and down. In this case, the clamp member 104 comes into contact with the shoulder portion 28 of the cup portion 12 and descends under the driving action of the first to third elevating cylinders 112a to 112c to press the cup portion 12 downward. As a result, the cup portion 12 is held by the mandrel 92.
[0029]
As shown in FIG. 6, first to third cylinders (first actuators) 114 a to 114 c having substantially the same configuration separated from each other by an angle of about 120 degrees along the circumferential direction at the peripheral portion of the second plate 80 b. The first to third cylinders 114a to 114c are respectively connected to a piston rod 116 that is integrally displaced with a piston (not shown) and one end of the piston rod 116, and rotates the clamp member 104. And a pin member 118 that is pivotally supported.
[0030]
Therefore, the clamp member 104 is rotatably provided in the circumferential direction around the axis of the piston rod 116 under the driving action of the first to third cylinders 114a to 114c, and the first to third cylinders. Under the drive action of the lifting cylinders 112a to 112c, it is provided so as to be displaceable along the vertical direction.
[0031]
Accordingly, when the piston rod 116 is displaced in the direction of arrow A under the driving action of the first to third cylinders 114a to 114c, the clamp member 104 is separated from the cup portion 12 (see the solid line in FIG. 6). When the piston rod 116 is displaced in the direction of the arrow B, the clamp member 104 rotates in the circumferential direction around the axis of the piston rod 110 as a rotation center, and the cup portion 12 is clamped (see FIG. 6). (See dotted line).
[0032]
The gear mechanism 78 includes a drive gear 120 coupled to the rotating shaft of the motor 76, it is rotatably supported on the base plate 66, a subsidiary gear 122 meshing with the drive gear 120, the sub gear 122 coaxially A driven gear 124 that is pivotally supported and meshes with the gear portion 82 of the first plate 80a.
[0033]
The upper die 62 is engaged with a first block 126 and a second block 128 which are provided so as to be movable up and down along the vertical direction under the driving action of a lifting means (not shown), and the center hole 32 of the shaft portion 14 at one end. projection 130 is formed, an upper center pin 132 provided on the lower center pin 98 coaxially, coupled to said upper center pin 132, a piston 136 which is disposed displaceably along the cylinder chamber 134, in the circumferential direction First to third gripping members 140a to 140c that grip the shaft portion 14 by being spaced apart by an angle of about 120 degrees along the pin member 138 and rotating by a predetermined angle about the pin member 138, and the first to third gripping members First to third gripping cylinders 142a to 142c for driving 140a to 140c, respectively.
[0034]
As shown in FIG. 7, the first to third gripping cylinders 142a to 142c are disposed so as to be separated by an angle of about 120 degrees along the circumferential direction, and the piston rod 144 is displaced in the direction of arrow C. As a result, the first to third gripping members 140a to 140c are displaced in a direction approaching each other with the pin member 138 as a fulcrum, and the shaft portion 14 is gripped. On the other hand, when the piston rod 144 is displaced in the direction of the arrow D opposite to the above, the first to third gripping members 140a to 140c are displaced in a direction away from the shaft portion 14 with the pin member 138 as a fulcrum. The gripping state is provided to be released.
[0035]
Further, the upper die 62 is provided with laser beam generating means 146 for irradiating a laser beam to the joint portion between the cup portion 12 and the shaft portion 14, and the laser beam generating means 146 includes first and second blocks 126, The oscillator 148 is fixed to 128, and the laser beam irradiation unit 150 is connected to the oscillator 148.
[0036]
In FIG. 5, reference numeral 152 indicates a transport loader that transports the shaft portion 14.
[0037]
The joining apparatus 60 according to the present embodiment is basically configured as described above. Next, based on the manufacturing process of the constant velocity joint outer ring member 10, the operation and effects thereof will be described. .
[0038]
First, the manufacturing process of the cup part 12 is demonstrated.
[0039]
For example, a tubular body 36 such as a pipe is cut to a predetermined size (see FIG. 8A), and intermediate processing is performed on the cut tubular body 36. That is, a lubrication process such as an annealing process, a shot blast process, and a bond process is performed on the tubular body 36 (see FIGS. 8B and 8C). After the track groove and the shoulder portion are press-formed by the press forming devices 38 and 40 (see FIGS. 8D and 8E) on the tubular body 36 that has been subjected to the intermediate treatment (see FIGS. 8D and 8E), the both ends of the tubular body 36 are lace processed The cup part 12 is formed by performing (refer FIG. 8F).
[0040]
In the present embodiment, the use of the thin tubular body 36 allows the constant velocity joint outer ring member 10 to be made thinner.
[0041]
Next, the manufacturing process of the shaft part 14 performed separately and in parallel with the cup part 12 will be described.
[0042]
After the cylindrical body 44 in which the rod-shaped member 42 is cut to a predetermined size (see FIG. 9A), after performing an intermediate process such as an annealing process, a shot blast process, and a bonde process (see FIG. 9B and FIG. 9C), Forming bodies 46 and 48 are obtained by subjecting the cylindrical body 44 to forging molding including two steps (see FIG. 9D and FIG. 9E). The shaft portion 14 is formed by performing lace processing on the portion (see FIG. 9F). In FIG. 4, the alternate long and two short dashes line indicates the shape of the shaft portion 14 in a state before the lace processing.
[0043]
The shaft portion 14 is press-fitted into one end portion of the cup portion 12 that is manufactured separately and in parallel in this way (FIG. 10A), and a joint portion between the cup portion 12 and the shaft portion 14 will be described later. By welding with the laser beam 50 as described above, the cup portion 12 and the shaft portion 14 are integrally joined (see FIG. 10B).
[0044]
That is, as shown in FIG. 5, the cup portion 12 is transported through a transport loader (not shown) and engaged with the mandrel 92. In this case, the shoulder portion 28 of the cup portion 12 and the shoulder portion 94 of the mandrel 92 are not in contact with each other, and a gap is formed. On the other hand, the shaft portion 14 is transported via the transport loader 152, and one end portion of the shaft portion 14 is brought into contact with the lower center pin 98. In this case, the protruding portion 100 formed on the lower center pin 98 is inserted into the center hole 30 of the shaft portion 14, thereby positioning the shaft portion 14.
[0045]
Subsequently, the upper die 62 is lowered under the driving action of a lifting means (not shown), and the upper center pin 132 is brought into contact with the other end portion of the shaft portion 14 as shown in FIG. In this case, the protruding portion 130 formed on the upper center pin 132 is inserted into the center hole 32 of the shaft portion 14, so that the coaxial accuracy of the upper center pin 132, the shaft portion 14 and the lower center pin 98 is ensured. By holding the shaft portion 14 between the upper center pin 132 and the lower center pin 98, the transport loader 152 is separated from the shaft portion 14.
[0046]
The first to third cylinders 114a to 114c and the first to third elevating cylinders 112a to 112c are driven substantially simultaneously with the lowering of the upper mold 62, and the clamp member 104 is engaged with the shoulder portion 28 of the cup portion 12. At the same time, the clamp member 104 is displaced downward (see FIG. 11). Therefore, the cup member 12 is slightly displaced downward along the mandrel 92 under the pressing action of the clamp member 104, and the shoulder portion 28 of the cup portion 12 and the shoulder portion 94 of the mandrel 92 come into contact with each other. Thus, the cup portion 12 is held by the mandrel 92.
[0047]
In the state where the cup portion 12 is held by the mandrel 92 as described above, the gripping members 140a to 140c are displaced so as to approach each other under the driving action of the first to third gripping cylinders 142a to 142c. The shaft portion 14 is gripped by 140a to 140c. By further lowering the upper mold 62 while maintaining the state in which the shaft portion 14 is gripped by the three gripping members 140a to 140c, the annular step portion 34 of the shaft portion 14 is press-fitted into the hole portion of the cup portion 12. In this case, when the shaft portion 14 is pressed downward by the three gripping members 140a to 140c, the lower center pin 98 is also lowered integrally with the shaft portion 14, and as shown in FIG. The upper mold 62 is lowered until it contacts the upper surface of the three plates 80c and the downward displacement is restricted.
[0048]
Next, as shown in FIG. 13, the first to third cylinders 114 a to 114 c and the first to third elevating cylinders 112 a to 112 c are driven to move the clamp member 104 away from the cup portion 12, so that the clamp state is established. At the same time, the gripping cylinders 142a to 142c are driven to separate the gripping members 140a to 140c from the shaft portion 14 to release the gripping state. Then, while maintaining the state in which the upper center pin 132 is in contact with the shaft portion 14, the upper mold 62 is slightly raised, so that the laser beam irradiating portion 150 and the joint portion of the shaft portion 14 and the cup portion 12 are in a substantially horizontal state. When it becomes, the upper mold 62 is stopped from rising.
[0049]
In this case, as shown in FIG. 13, the rotary unit 74 is rotated in the direction of arrow E or F about the axis of the lower center pin 98 through the gear mechanism 78 under the driving action of the motor 76, The laser beam 50 is irradiated from the laser beam irradiation unit 150 toward the joint portion of the cup unit 12 and the shaft unit 14. Therefore, the cup portion 12 held by the mandrel 92 and the shaft portion 14 held by the upper center pin 132 and the lower center pin 98 rotate integrally with the rotation unit 74, in other words, the shaft portion 14 and the cup portion 12. The cup portion 12 and the shaft portion 14 are firmly welded in a state where the coaxial accuracy is maintained. In addition, after the cup part 12 and the shaft part 14 are joined, the motor 76 is de-energized to stop the rotation of the rotating unit 74, and the irradiation of the laser beam 50 from the laser beam irradiation part 150 is stopped.
[0050]
After the cup portion 12 and the shaft portion 14 are joined in this manner, as shown in FIG. 14, the upper mold 62 is raised to separate the upper center pin 132 from the shaft portion 14 and the knockout cylinder 90 is driven. The lower center pin 98 is raised. As a result, the cup portion 12 is separated from the mandrel 92 and is transferred to the next step by gripping the shaft portion 14 by the transport loader 152.
[0051]
In the next step, after sizing the band groove 52 for mounting the boot band 18 (see FIG. 10C), the carburizing process and the polishing process are finally performed (FIG. 10D). The outer ring member 10 for the constant velocity joint is completed.
[0052]
In the present embodiment, center holes 30 and 32 are respectively formed at both ends of the shaft portion 14, and the protrusions 100 of the upper center pin 132 and the lower center pin 98 are inserted into the center holes 30 and 32 and positioned. Since the cup portion 12 and the shaft portion 14 are welded, the coaxial accuracy between the cup portion 12 and the shaft portion 14 is maintained. For this reason, the machining process for maintaining the coaxial accuracy of the cup part 12 and the shaft part 14 by post-processing can be omitted, and the manufacturing process can be simplified and the manufacturing cost can be reduced.
[0053]
Further, the manufacturing cost can be further reduced by making the entire apparatus a simple structure.
[0054]
Furthermore, since the cup part 12 is formed by plastic deformation of the tubular body 36, weight reduction can be achieved by making the thickness of the cup part 12 much thinner.
[0055]
【The invention's effect】
According to the present invention, the following effects can be obtained.
[0056]
That is, since the cup portion and the shaft portion are integrally joined while being held coaxially , the time required for post-processing is omitted, and the manufacturing process is simplified.
[0057]
Moreover, since it is possible to bond while retaining the cup portion and the shaft portion coaxially with a simple structure, manufacturing cost can be reduced.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a constant velocity joint outer ring member joined by a constant velocity joint outer ring member joining apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a partial cross-sectional view along the axial direction of the constant velocity joint outer ring member.
3 is a cross-sectional view taken along line III-III in FIG.
FIG. 4 is a partial cross-sectional view of a shaft portion.
FIG. 5 is a vertical cross-sectional configuration diagram of a joining device for a constant velocity joint outer ring member according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a plan view showing an arrangement of first to third cylinders constituting the joining device.
FIG. 7 is a plan view showing an arrangement of gripping cylinders constituting the joining device.
FIG. 8A to FIG. 8F are explanatory views showing the manufacturing process of the cup part, respectively.
9A to 9F are explanatory views showing a manufacturing process of the shaft portion, respectively.
FIGS. 10A to 10D are explanatory views showing a process of manufacturing an outer ring member for a constant velocity joint by joining the cup portion and the shaft portion, respectively. FIGS.
FIG. 11 is an operation explanatory view showing a state in which the upper die is lowered and the upper center pin is in contact with the end portion of the shaft portion.
FIG. 12 is an operation explanatory diagram showing a state where the upper mold is further lowered and the shaft portion is gripped by a plurality of gripping members.
FIG. 13 is an operation explanatory view showing a state in which welding is performed by irradiating a laser beam to a joint portion between a cup portion and a shaft portion while rotating a rotary unit.
FIG. 14 is an operation explanatory view showing a state in which the knocked-out cylinder is driven and the integrally joined cup portion and shaft portion are taken out.
FIG. 15 is a partial cross-sectional view of a constant velocity joint outer ring member according to the prior art.
16 is a side view of the constant velocity joint outer ring member shown in FIG. 15. FIG.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 ... Outer ring member for constant velocity joints 12 ... Cup part 14 ... Shaft part 16 ... Opening part 24a-24c ... Track groove 28, 94 ... Shoulder part 34 ... Circular step part 36 ... Tubular body 60 ... Joining device 62 ... Upper mold | type 64 ... Lower die 74 ... Rotating unit 76 ... Motor 88 ... Knockout pin 90 ... Knockout cylinder 92 ... Mandrel 98 ... Lower center pin 104 ... Clamp members 112a to 112c ... Lifting cylinders 114a to 114c ... Cylinders 140a to 140c ... Grip members 142a to 142c ... Clamping cylinder 146 ... Laser beam generating means 150 ... Laser beam irradiation unit

Claims (4)

A method of joining the cup portion and the shaft portion constituting the outer ring member for a constant velocity joint,
By setting the cup portion on the mandrel and holding the shaft portion along the axial direction by the upper center pin and the lower center pin through the center holes respectively formed at both ends of the shaft portion, the cup portion and the shaft Holding the portion coaxially ;
With the cup portion and the shaft portion clamped, the upper center pin and the lower center pin are displaced to press-fit the annular step portion of the shaft portion into the hole portion of the cup portion;
A step of welding the cup part and the shaft part after releasing the clamped state of the cup part and the shaft part;
A method for joining outer ring members for constant velocity joints. A joining device for a cup portion and a shaft portion constituting an outer ring member for a constant velocity joint,
A cup holding member on which the cup is set;
Provided in the cup portion holding member coaxially, and a pair of pin members for clamping the coaxial shaft portion to the cup portion,
A gripping member that grips the shaft and press-fits the shaft into the cup;
A clamping mechanism for clamping the cup portion;
A joining means for joining the cup part and the shaft part arranged coaxially with each other ;
A device for joining an outer ring member for a constant velocity joint. The apparatus of claim 2.
A center hole is formed at both ends of the shaft portion, and a protrusion inserted into the center hole is formed in the pair of pin members. . The apparatus of claim 2.
The clamp mechanism includes a clamp member that holds a shoulder portion of the cup portion, a first actuator that rotates the clamp member by a predetermined angle along a circumferential direction, and a second actuator that moves the clamp member up and down. A plurality of constant velocity joint outer ring member joining devices, wherein a plurality of them are arranged at equal angular intervals along the circumferential direction.

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