JP4208125B2 - Test apparatus for determining the length, shrinkage and crimp characteristics of an artificial fiber and method of using the test apparatus - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
The present invention, contraction of the individual man-made fibers, length, and / or the number of crimps, for determining the crimp properties such as crimp removal and crimp stability of at least one man-made fibers upper A testing device comprising an upper fixing board adapted to hold and at least one clip adapted to be arranged in a removable manner, in particular on the opposite lower end of said artificial fiber .
[0002]
A prominent feature of artificial fibers is their shrinkage behavior. The standard test method (single fiber test) for shrinkage of textile fibers has long been the standard procedure as ASTM (American Society for Testing and Materials) standard D5104-96 because it can provide comparative data on fiber shrinkage. According to the procedure of D5104-96, the specimen is clamped to the upper board at the upper end and a clip is attached to the lower end of the fiber . Clips of known weight, usually made of a magnetic alloy, that are suitable for drawing test fibers by applying a light load are usually used. In general, copper clips have been found useful.
[0003]
Another method for determining the shrinkage of man-made fibers is outlined in Zweigle Textilpruefmaschinen GmbH & Co. KG. According to this document, the fiber shrinks in hot air at a defined temperature, and the amount of shrinkage is measured with a fiber shrinkage tester comprising a grip weight, a drying oven, forceps and a contrasting velvet pad. Is one leg of the grip weight attached to the fibers, is inserted into the holder under the clamp of the fiber shrinkage device. In this way it is ensured that the fiber does not receive any drawing force while exposed to hot air.
[0004]
Regardless of which of the known procedures is applied, the test results are not always very accurate, are prone to error, and usually result in an unacceptable standard deviation.
[0005]
In order to obtain a comparative data set on the shrinkage behavior of individual man-made fibers , even D5104-96, the man-made fiber buyers and suppliers no longer fluctuate the standard deviation for all of the specimens tested, and agreed values It is recommended to carry out individual measurements until. In particular, if there is a statistical bias between the buyer's data and the supplier's data, it is recommended to seek assistance from a statistical expert.
[0006]
As a matter of fact, the current method for measuring shrinkage of textile fibers is very time consuming and requires the involvement of an analyst, and is therefore very inefficient from an economic point of view. This lack of reliability, that the arrival was man-made fibers do not meet the desired specifications in detecting the purchaser of man-made fibers, in particular a disadvantage. Currently, measuring or determining a comprehensive set of man-made fiber properties such as length, shrinkage, number of crimps, crimp stability, and crimp removal also takes considerable time.
[0007]
The object of the present invention is therefore not to show the shortcomings of the state of the art devices, nor is it too time consuming and can be handled by a non-analytical person, giving a comprehensive data set at one time. It is an object of the present invention to provide a test apparatus for determining the amount of shrinkage of a single artificial fiber that enables reliable measurement of the amount of shrinkage.
[0008]
These and other objectives are to determine crimp properties such as shrinkage, length and / or crimp number, crimp removal and crimp stability of individual man-made fibers , particularly substantially simultaneously. At least one of the upper fixing board adapted to hold at least the upper end of at least one man-made fiber and at least one adapted to be arranged in a particularly removable manner on the opposite lower end of the man-made fiber Achieved by a test apparatus comprising a clip, wherein the upper securing board and / or the at least one clip is transparent or translucent.
[0009]
The test apparatus can also include at least one heater. The heater, which is an integral part of the test equipment, helps reduce test time as well as reducing variations in analysis.
[0010]
In a preferred embodiment, the test device also comprises a pad of contrasting color with respect to artificial fibers , in particular a black surface, in particular made of velvet. To facilitate length measurement, graduations can be made on the pads next to or behind the man-made fibers .
[0011]
In accordance with another aspect of the present invention, the test apparatus includes a securing means on or adjacent to the upper securing board that is adapted to temporarily hold the lower end of the clip and / or artificial fiber. Can also be provided. When shrinkage tests are performed, it is necessary that the man-made fibers are not loaded when exposed to heat, so it has fixing means on the fixing board or adjacent to the fixing boat, such as hooks or clamps, etc. Was found to be extremely useful. However, such fixing means can also be arranged slightly away from the fixing board, as long as no force is applied to the man-made fibers during heating. The term upper fixation board should just indicate the fact that the upper end of the fiber to be tested is fixed or clamped by this fixture.
[0012]
According to another aspect, the test device of the present invention is at least one adapted to illuminate an artificial fiber when secured to the upper securing board, one or more clips and / or the upper securing board. At least one microscope; and / or at least one digital monitor adapted to transfer the recorded data onto a microprocessor or computer. By illuminating the transparent clip and / or the transparent upper fixing board, the length measurement can be performed accurately and very quickly. In particular, the use of a digital monitor linked to a data processing device allows a large number of test results to be collected and analyzed without delay. As soon as the desired data set is collected, the standard deviation can be calculated and a feel for the accuracy of the measurement can be obtained.
[0013]
The clip and / or top fastening board is made of a transparent or translucent polymer material, in particular polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) and / or polycarbonate (PC) or a transparent or translucent mixture comprising polymethyl methacrylate and / or polycarbonate. Can be.
[0014]
In another embodiment, the upper securing board is preferably adapted to magnetically clamp or hold at least the upper end of the man-made fiber to be tested.
[0015]
Furthermore, the test device of the present invention can further comprise a weight adapted to be particularly detachable and attachable to the clip. For example, if the weight of the clip alone is not sufficient to stretch the contracted man-made fiber to the full length, a proper measurement can be best performed by attaching a weight to the clip. Therefore, such clips are usually designed in such a way that a weight can be attached to the clip.
[0016]
A further object of the present invention is to test the crimp properties, in particular according to the present invention, of the individual man-made fibers , such as the amount of shrinkage, length and / or crimp number, crimp removal and crimp stability. The use of the device is solved in particular by a substantially simultaneous method for determination, the method comprising:
a) fixing an artificial fiber at its upper end to an upper fixing board and fixing at its opposite lower end to at least one clip, in particular without stretching the fiber ;
b) stretching the man-made fiber to its full length, in particular on the front side of the contrasting color pad for the fiber ;
c) a step of measuring the length of the artificial fiber , specifically, the length from where the fiber is fixed to the upper fixed boat to where the lower end of the fiber is fixed to the clip;
d) loosening the fiber by temporarily securing the lower end of the clip or man-made fiber onto or adjacent to the upper fixation board;
e) subjecting the fibers to a test environment, in particular hot air and / or hot water;
f) conditioning the fibers for a defined time after exposure to the test environment; and g) measuring the length of one or more contracted fibers and recording the results;
A transparent or translucent upper securing board and / or at least one transparent or translucent clip is used.
[0017]
In addition to or in lieu of length measurement, the shrinkage and / or crimp properties of the contracted fiber , in particular the number of crimps, crimp removal and / or crimp stability, can be continuously or It can be determined at the same time and the result is recorded in step g).
[0018]
In a preferred embodiment of the method of the present invention, a grip weight is attached to the clip so that it can be particularly detached at least during exposure to the test environment. Furthermore, to determine one or more characteristics of at least manmade fibers, in particular for measuring the length of the man-made fibers, when the, in particular during the step c) and / or g), the upper fixed board, at least one clip And / or it has been found advantageous if at least one man-made fiber is exposed to light.
[0019]
The test environment may include hot air, especially from about 180 ° C. to about 195 ° C., or hot water from about 95 ° C. to about 99 ° C., in particular for about 15 minutes.
[0020]
In another embodiment, the method of the present invention measures the length of the man made fiber before and after contraction using at least one lamp, microscope and digital monitor.
[0021]
It is particularly advantageous if the recorded data is transferred from a digital monitor to a computer.
[0022]
The length measurement for the fibers can be performed in a standard atmosphere, in particular with a temperature of 20 ° C. to 22 ° C. and a relative humidity of 63% to 67%.
[0023]
Surprisingly, it has been found that, for example, by using transparent or translucent clips instead of copper clips, the accuracy and reliability of shrinkage measurements of individual man-made fibers can be dramatically increased. In addition to length and shrinkage, it is now possible to measure crimp properties such as the number of crimps, crimp removal and crimp stability. In addition, for the first time, it is possible to provide length, shrinkage and crimp data that can be processed directly by a computer or data processor, thus giving a complete assessment of a man-made fiber sample undergoing shrinkage testing. It is. Also, by illuminating a transparent clip with a light source, the test sample can be clearly seen, particularly when placed on a black surface. In addition to using transparent or translucent clips in addition to transparent or translucent clips, it can even improve accuracy by eliminating any ambiguity regarding where the upper end of the man made fiber is clamped it can. Therefore, even if crimp characteristics such as length, shrinkage and number of crimps, crimp stability, and crimp removal of the artificial fiber between two clamp positions are measured together, It is possible to measure accurately.
[0024]
With the test device according to the present invention, it is also possible to determine the crimp characteristics of the artificial fiber fairly accurately, especially if the clip is removed from the lower end of the artificial fiber after the contraction procedure. Even can be measured. In general, not only can the accuracy be greatly increased by the test apparatus of the present invention, but the test time can also be significantly reduced.
[0025]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION A more complete understanding of the present invention and any advantages associated with the present invention will be readily appreciated by reference to the following detailed description, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which: .
[0026]
FIG. 1 shows a test apparatus 1 comprising an upper fixing board 2 to which individual man-made fiber samples 100 are attached at their upper ends. Each upper end can be clamped or fixed by other known procedures, for example, with a movable bar as described in D5104-96, if necessary with heat-resistant tape. It would be advantageous to be able to determine fairly precisely where the man-made fibers are secured or clamped to the upper board. Such locations are preferably localized to some extent on a defined area or line. The upper fixing board is transparent and is preferably made of, for example, polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA). At the lower end of each fiber sample 100 is attached a transparent grip or clip 4 that allows for an accurate measurement of the length of the fiber sample, with minimal load, i.e. does not stretch the sample. The top fixing board 2 can easily be placed in a heater 6 that is well suited to initiate shrinkage of the fiber sample. On the front surface of the attached fiber sample, a lamp 8 and a digital monitor 10 are installed in order to record the fiber length of the test sample before and after shrinkage. A microscope 12 is also used to increase the accuracy of measurement. The data recorded by the digital monitor 10 can be transferred to the computer 14 and stored, and the collected data can be analyzed.
[0027]
The general determination of the shrinkage behavior of a single man-made fiber by using a test device according to the present invention is the process of fixing individual man-made fibers to the upper board 2 of the test device 1, the transparent grip 4 facing the fiber sample 100 Attaching the grip 4 to or adjacent to the upper board 2 and then placing the fiber sample in a heater 6 preheated to a predetermined temperature.
[0028]
After a predetermined conditioning time following the heating procedure, the fiber 100 is stretched to the full length of the fiber in front of the black surface 16 by applying the weight of the transparent grip 4 to the fiber sample. Next, the length of the fiber sample is measured using the digital monitor 10 and the microscope 12. The length of the staple fiber in the same manner as described aspects for contracted man-made fibers, is also determined before shrinkage treatment. By illuminating the transparent grip 4, by measuring the distance between the interstice which is fixed to the fiber sample location and the transparent grip 4 fixed to the upper fixed board 2 of the fiber, very length of the fiber sample It can be measured accurately. It is particularly advantageous to be able to accurately measure not only the length of a single fiber sample, but also the length of each of a batch of fiber samples, for example six or more, in a single run.
[0029]
For comparison purposes, as an example, a conventional shrinkage tester from Zweigle Textilpruefmaschinen GmbH & Co. KG is used on one side and a shrinkage tester according to the present invention is used on the other for several series of shrinkage measurements at 190 ° C. for 20 minutes. I went there. In each series, the length of the man-made fibers was measured 10 times before and 10 times after exposure to heat under standard conditions as outlined in ASTM standard D5104-96. Using a conventional shrinkage tester by Zweigle, the standard deviation of% shrinkage is 2.48, respectively, when the calculated average shrinkage is 10.03%, 11.35% and 9.90%. In shrinkage tests determined in accordance with the present invention, determined as 3.51 and 1.52, respectively, for% average shrinkage of 9.60%, 10.01% and 9.90%, respectively, 1. Standard deviations of 35, 0.43 and 0.91 were obtained. These results clearly demonstrate that the test apparatus of the present invention is sufficiently superior to the conventional test apparatus, and the test results are not only more accurate, but are obtained more quickly.
[0030]
Obviously, many modifications and variations of the present invention are possible in light of the above teachings. Accordingly, it is to be understood that within the scope of the appended claims, the invention may be practiced otherwise than as specifically described herein.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 shows a schematic diagram of a test apparatus according to the present invention comprising a recording and data processing apparatus.
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Test apparatus 2 Upper fixed board 4 Clip 6 Heater 8 Lamp 10 Digital monitor 12 Microscope 14 Computer 16 Pad 100 Artificial fiber

Claims (24)

Upper fixation board adapted to hold at least the upper end of at least one man-made fiber (100) for determination of shrinkage, length and / or crimp characteristics of individual man-made fibers (100) (2) and a test apparatus (1) comprising at least one clip (4) adapted to be detachably disposed at the opposite lower end of the artificial fiber (100),
The upper fixing board (2) and / or the at least one clip (4) Ri is transparent or translucent der,
At least one adapted to illuminate the artificial fiber ( 100 ) when secured to the upper securing board ( 2 ) , the at least one clip ( 4 ) and / or the upper securing board ( 2 ). one of the lamp (8); at least one microscope (12); and / or recorded data to a microprocessor or computer (14) adapted to forward on to the at least one digital monitor (10) further test device according to claim <br/> comprise (1).   The test apparatus (1) according to claim 1, further comprising at least one heater (6).   The test apparatus (1) according to claim 1 or 2, further comprising a pad (16) having a contrasting color with respect to the artificial fiber (100).   To temporarily hold the lower end of the at least one clip (4) and / or the artificial fiber (100) on or adjacent to the upper fixing board (2). 4. The test apparatus (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 3, further comprising adapted fixing means. Wherein the at least one clip (4) and / or the upper fixing board (2) is any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that is made of transparent or translucent polymeric material or a mixture thereof Test apparatus according to item 1 (1). The test apparatus (1) according to claim 5 , wherein the polymer material includes polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) and / or polycarbonate (PC), and the mixture includes polymethyl methacrylate and / or polycarbonate. The upper fixing board (2), any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that is adapted to magnetically clamp or hold at least the upper end of the man-made fibers to be tested (100) Test apparatus (1) according to item 1. The test apparatus (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 7 , further comprising a weight adapted to be removably attached to the at least one clip (4). A method for determining the amount of shrinkage, length and / or crimp characteristics of individual artificial fibers using the test device according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the method comprises:
a) fixing an artificial fiber at its upper end to an upper fixing board and fixing it at at least one clip at the opposite lower end of said fiber;
b) stretching the man-made fiber to the full length of the fiber on the front side of a pad having a contrasting color for the fiber;
c) measuring the length of the artificial fiber;
d) loosening the fiber by temporarily securing the lower end of the at least one clip or the artificial fiber onto or adjacent to the upper fixation board;
e) exposing the fibers to a test environment;
f) conditioning the fibers for a defined time after exposure to the test environment; and g) measuring the length of one or more contracted fibers and recording the results;
Using a transparent or translucent upper fixed boat and / or at least one transparent or translucent clip ,
The upper fixing board, the at least one clip, and / or the artificial fibers of at least one, when determining one or more characteristics of at least the man-made fibers, said step c) and / or g) While lighting,
Measuring the length of the man-made fiber before and after the shrinkage using at least one lamp, microscope and digital monitor;
A method characterized by that. The method according to claim 9 , wherein the determination of the shrinkage amount, length and / or crimp characteristics of the individual artificial fibers is performed simultaneously. The method according to claim 9 , wherein the step a is performed without stretching the fiber. 10. The method of claim 9 , wherein the length is from where the fiber is secured to the upper fixed boat to where the lower end of the fiber is secured to the clip. The method according to claim 9 , wherein the test environment is hot air and / or hot water. 10. The method according to claim 9 , wherein in addition to or instead of the length measurement, shrinkage and / or crimp characteristics are determined continuously or simultaneously and the results are recorded. . 15. A method according to claim 9 or 14 , characterized in that the crimp characteristic is the number of crimps, crimp removal and / or crimp stability of the contracted fibers. 15. A method according to claim 9 or 14 , wherein the result is recorded after removing the clip from the lower end of the man-made fiber after the contraction procedure. 15. A method according to claim 9 or 14 , wherein a grip weight is attached so as to be removable from the at least one clip at least during exposure to the test environment. Any one method of claims 9 to 17, wherein the testing environment comprises hot air or hot water. The method of claim 18 , wherein the test environment comprises hot air at about 180 ° C. to about 195 ° C. or hot water at about 95 ° C. to about 99 ° C. for about 15 minutes. 20. A method as claimed in any one of claims 9 to 19 , wherein the recorded data is transferred from the digital monitor to a computer. The method according to any one of claims 9 to 20 , wherein the fiber length measurement is performed in a standard atmosphere at a temperature of 20 ° C to 22 ° C and a relative humidity of 63% to 67%. A method for accurately measuring the shrinkage, length and / or crimp characteristics of individual artificial fibers, wherein the test apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 8 is used. Characterized in that the test device is adapted to measure or to be able to measure the shrinkage, length and / or crimp characteristics of individual man-made fibers in succession or simultaneously. The method of claim 22 . 24. A method according to claim 22 or 23 , wherein the crimp characteristic is the number of crimps, crimp removal and / or crimp stability.

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