JP4207974B2 - Variable compression ratio internal combustion engine - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a variable compression ratio internal combustion engine that changes the compression ratio of the internal combustion engine by changing the volume of a combustion chamber in a cylinder of the internal combustion engine. In particular, a cylinder block and a crank are formed by rotating a camshaft comprising a shaft portion and a cam portion fixed to the shaft portion, and having a movable bearing portion rotatably attached to the shaft portion. The present invention relates to a variable compression ratio internal combustion engine that moves a case relatively close to or away from the case.

  In recent years, a technique for changing the compression ratio of an internal combustion engine for the purpose of improving the fuel consumption performance and output performance of the internal combustion engine has been proposed. As this type of technology, the cylinder block and the crankcase are connected so as to be relatively movable, and a camshaft is provided at the connecting portion, and the camshaft is rotated to connect the cylinder block and the crankcase in the axial direction of the cylinder. A technique has been proposed in which the volume of the combustion chamber is changed by relative movement, thereby changing the compression ratio of the internal combustion engine (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

  In the above technique, the length of the movable bearing action line segment, which is a segment connecting the center of the shaft portion of the cam shaft and the rotation center of the bearing housing hole of the movable bearing portion, is the axis of the cam shaft. In many cases, the length is equal to the length of the cam action line segment, which is the line segment connecting the center of the cam portion and the rotation center of the cam housing hole of the cam portion.

In such a configuration, depending on the posture of the movable bearing action line segment and the cam action line segment when the compression ratio of the internal combustion engine is changed, the cylinder block and the crankcase are caused by the combustion pressure of the internal combustion engine. In some cases, the force applied in the direction separating the distance between the movable bearing and the cam acting line is amplified in the direction of the movable bearing acting line and the cam acting line. As a result, the camshaft itself or a portion of the cylinder block or crankcase engaged with the camshaft is deformed by the combustion pressure, which may increase the vibration of the internal combustion engine.
JP 2003-206871 A JP 2005-1113839 A

  The present invention has been made in view of the above prior art, and an object thereof is to provide a technique capable of suppressing vibration of a variable compression ratio internal combustion engine regardless of the compression ratio.

The present invention for achieving the above object includes a crankcase in which a crankshaft in an internal combustion engine is assembled,
A cylinder block formed in the internal combustion engine and attached to the crankcase so as to be relatively movable;
A pair of camshafts arranged in parallel on both sides of the cylinder in the cylinder block and rotating in opposite directions,
The cam shaft includes a shaft portion and a cam portion fixed to the shaft portion, and has a movable bearing portion rotatably attached to the shaft portion. The movable bearing portion is rotatably accommodated in a bearing accommodating hole formed in the other of the cylinder block or the crankcase, and is rotatably accommodated in a cam accommodating hole formed in one of the cylinder block or the crankcase. Is stored,
A variable compression ratio internal combustion engine that changes the compression ratio of the internal combustion engine by rotating the camshaft to relatively approach or separate the crankcase and the cylinder block,
When viewed from the axial direction of the cam shaft, the shaft center that is the rotation center of the rotation of the shaft portion is connected to the movable bearing center that is the rotation center of rotation in the bearing housing hole of the movable bearing portion. The length of the movable bearing action line segment that is an elliptical line segment is the length of the cam action line segment that is a straight line connecting the shaft center and the cam center that is the rotation center of rotation in the cam housing hole of the cam portion. It is characterized by being set longer than this.

  Here, the variable compression ratio internal combustion engine according to the present invention includes a cam shaft having a shaft portion and a cam portion fixed to the shaft portion, and having a movable bearing portion rotatably attached to the shaft portion. . Then, by rotating the cam shaft, the cam portion and the movable bearing portion are rotationally moved with respect to the center of the shaft portion, and the cylinder block and the crankcase are moved closer to or away from each other using this rotational movement.

  In such a variable compression ratio internal combustion engine, an operation of changing the compression ratio when the lengths of the movable bearing action line and the cam action line are the same will be considered. In this case, when the cam shaft is rotated to change the compression ratio, the angle of the movable bearing action line and the cam action line with respect to the cylinder axis is, for example, approximately 0 degrees at the lowest compression ratio in the variable range of the compression ratio. The maximum compression ratio, which is the state in which the camshaft is rotated 90 degrees from that state, was set to be approximately 90 degrees.

  Then, when the load caused by the combustion pressure of the internal combustion engine acts in a direction separating the cylinder block and the crankcase, the action line where the load caused by the combustion pressure acts on the camshaft, particularly in the vicinity of the maximum compression ratio. Since the angle of the movable bearing action line and the cam action line is approximately 90 degrees, the load caused by the combustion pressure is dynamically amplified in the direction of the movable bearing action line and the cam action line. There was a case.

  If it does so, it may become a cause of a vibration in a portion which has engaged with a cam shaft in a cam shaft, a cylinder block, or a crankcase. In particular, with respect to the movable bearing portion, since the play of rotation in the bearing housing hole becomes large in the vicinity of the maximum compression ratio due to the structure, the vibration is likely to occur and it may be difficult to maintain the control accuracy of the compression ratio.

  Therefore, in the present invention, the length of the movable bearing action line is set longer than the length of the cam action line. By doing so, it is possible to suppress the angle with respect to the action line of the load caused by the combustion pressure of the movable bearing action line segment in the compression ratio variable range from becoming close to 90 degrees, and in particular to the combustion pressure in the movable bearing action line direction. It can suppress that the load which originates is amplified and acts. As a result, the vibration of the variable compression ratio internal combustion engine can be suppressed regardless of the compression ratio.

  Further, in the present invention, the movable bearing center, the shaft portion center, and the cam center of the cam shaft are substantially in a straight line substantially in parallel with the axial direction of the cylinder in this order when viewed from the axial direction of the cam shaft. And the camshaft is rotated approximately 180 degrees from the state in which the compression ratio becomes the minimum compression ratio. The compression ratio in the state where the center and the shaft center are aligned in a line substantially parallel to the axial direction of the cylinder in this order when viewed from the axial direction of the cam shaft is the highest in the variable range of the compression ratio. You may make it be a compression ratio.

Then, in the state of the highest compression ratio at which the largest combustion pressure acts, the movable bearing action line segment and the cam action line segment can be made parallel to the direction in which the combustion pressure acts. As a result, it is possible to prevent the load resulting from the combustion pressure from being amplified in the direction of the movable bearing action line and the cam action line in the maximum compression ratio state. Of course, the same effect can be expected even in the state of the lowest compression ratio.

  This is the same even when the compression ratio in the state where the respective center points are arranged substantially in a straight line is the highest compression ratio, and the compression ratio when rotated 180 degrees is the lowest compression ratio. Therefore, in the present invention, the movable bearing center, the shaft portion center, and the cam center of the cam shaft are substantially in a straight line, in this order, substantially parallel to the axial direction of the cylinder when viewed from the axial direction of the cam shaft. The compression ratio in the lined state is set to the highest compression ratio in the variable range of the compression ratio, and the camshaft is rotated approximately 180 degrees from the state where the compression ratio becomes the highest compression ratio. And the compression ratio in a state where the shaft center is aligned in a line substantially parallel to the axial direction of the cylinder in this order when viewed from the axial direction of the cam shaft, is the lowest compression in the variable range of the compression ratio. A ratio may be used.

  Further, in the present invention, when the camshaft is rotated by approximately 90 degrees from the lowest compression ratio or the highest compression ratio in the variable range of the compression ratio, the compression ratio becomes the center value of the variable range. As such, a ratio of the length of the movable bearing action line segment to the length of the cam action line segment may be set.

  Here, the rotation angle of the cam shaft at the central compression ratio of the highest compression ratio and the lowest compression ratio varies depending on the ratio of the length of the movable bearing action line segment to the length of the cam action line segment. Therefore, when the camshaft is rotated approximately 90 degrees from the state where the compression ratio is the lowest compression ratio or the highest compression ratio, the compression ratio becomes the middle value between the highest compression ratio and the lowest compression ratio. It is good to set as follows. Then, the linearity between the rotation angle of the cam shaft and the compression ratio can be improved, and the controllability of the compression ratio can be improved.

  In the present invention, the ratio of the length of the movable bearing action line segment to the length of the cam action line segment may be 1.3 or more.

  Here, when a load caused by combustion pressure acts on the cam portion and the movable bearing portion, the rotation of the camshaft depends on the ratio of the length of the movable bearing action line to the length of the cam action line. In addition to the linearity between the angle and the compression ratio, it has been found that the torque necessary for driving the camshaft, the force acting on the camshaft due to the combustion pressure, and the like change.

  Here, the maximum value of the force acting on the camshaft due to the combustion pressure can be kept lower as the ratio of the length of the movable bearing action line to the cam action line is larger. Therefore, from this point of view, it is better that the ratio of the length of the movable bearing action line segment to the cam action line segment is larger.

  Further, when the ratio of the length of the movable bearing action line segment to the cam action line segment is about 1.5, the change in the compression ratio with respect to the rotation angle of the cam shaft becomes substantially uniform, and a slight change in the rotation angle. It is known that the compression ratio can be prevented from changing suddenly. In this case, the center value of the compression ratio can be obtained in a state where the camshaft is moved approximately 90 degrees from the state of the lowest compression ratio.

  Further, as the ratio of the length of the movable bearing action line to the cam action line is larger, the maximum torque required for driving the cam shaft can be suppressed.

Further, the larger the ratio of the length of the movable bearing action line segment to the cam action line segment, the smaller the maximum value of the angle with respect to the load action line caused by the combustion pressure of the movable bearing action line segment. If it does so, the maximum value of the rotation play with respect to the bearing accommodation hole of a movable bearing part can be restrained small.

  Further, the larger the ratio of the length of the movable bearing action line segment to the cam action line segment, the smaller the maximum value of the change in the compression ratio with respect to the change in the cam shaft angle. Then, the linearity between the rotation angle of the cam shaft and the compression ratio can be improved.

  In addition, it has been found that the above effect does not change much even if the ratio is further increased when the ratio of the length of the movable bearing action line segment to the cam action line segment is 2 or more. In view of these conditions and the demand for downsizing of the apparatus, if the ratio of the length of the movable bearing action line to the length of the cam action line is 1.3 or more, the present invention can be satisfactorily performed. Aim can be achieved.

In the present invention, the shaft portion has a cylindrical outer shape,
The cam portion is eccentric with respect to the center of the shaft portion, has a circular cam profile having a larger diameter than the shaft portion, and the cam housing hole has the same circular hole shape as the cam portion,
The movable bearing portion has a circular outer diameter larger in diameter than the cam portion eccentric with respect to the center of the shaft portion, and the bearing receiving hole has the same circular hole shape as the movable bearing portion. May be.

  By doing so, the effect of the present invention can be achieved by simply increasing the diameter of the bearing housing hole and the movable bearing portion, for example, without significantly changing the configuration of the moving parts or the mechanism itself with respect to the known mechanism. It can be obtained sufficiently.

Further, in the present invention, the movable bearing center, the shaft portion center, and the cam center of the cam shaft are substantially in a straight line substantially in parallel with the axial direction of the cylinder in this order when viewed from the axial direction of the cam shaft. The predetermined angle range including the range of 50 to 75 degrees or 60 degrees among the rotation angle range of the camshaft from the state of being aligned in the state as the first angle range,
Disabling the first angle range;
Or when using the said 1st angle range, you may make the use frequency of the said 1st angle range low by rotating a cam shaft to the angle range other than that when predetermined time passes.
In addition, the movable bearing center, the shaft center, and the cam center of the cam shaft are arranged in a substantially straight line in the order substantially parallel to the cylinder axial direction when viewed from the axial direction of the cam shaft. A range of 75 degrees to 100 degrees or 90 degrees including the rotation angle of the cam shaft is a second angle range that is narrower than that,
Disabling the second angle range;
Or when using the said 2nd angle range, you may make the use frequency of the said 2nd angle range low by rotating a cam shaft to the angle range other than that when predetermined time passes.

  Here, regardless of the ratio of the length of the movable bearing action line segment to the length of the cam action line segment, the movable bearing center, the shaft part center, and the cam center of the cam shaft are in the order of the cylinder. When the rotation angle of the cam shaft from the state of being aligned substantially in parallel with the axial direction of the cam shaft is around 90 degrees, the load caused by the combustion pressure is in the direction of the cam action line or the movable bearing action line. It has been found that the force acting upon amplification is maximized. Similarly, when the camshaft is driven when the rotation angle of the camshaft from the above state is around 60 degrees, regardless of the ratio of the length of the movable bearing action line to the length of the cam action line. It has been found that the torque required for this is maximized.

Therefore, in the present invention, the rotation of the cam shaft from a state in which the movable bearing center, the shaft portion center, and the cam center of the cam shaft are aligned in a line substantially parallel to the axial direction of the cylinder. The predetermined first angle range having an angle of around 60 degrees and / or the movable bearing center, the shaft portion center, and the cam center in the cam shaft are substantially in a straight line substantially in parallel with the axial direction of the cylinder in this order. If the use of the predetermined second angle range in which the rotation angle of the cam shaft from the aligned state is around 90 degrees is disabled or the use frequency is lowered , the cam shaft, the cylinder block, or the crank is more reliably used. It is possible to suppress the vibration of the portion that engages with the cam shaft in the case. Further, it is possible to suppress an increase in the holding torque and driving torque of the cam shaft.

The means for solving the above-described problems of the present invention can be used in combination as much as possible.

  In the present invention, the vibration of the variable compression ratio internal combustion engine can be suppressed regardless of the compression ratio.

  The best mode for carrying out the present invention will be exemplarily described in detail below with reference to the drawings.

  The internal combustion engine 1 described below is a variable compression ratio internal combustion engine, and a compression ratio is obtained by moving a cylinder block 3 having a cylinder 2 in the direction of the central axis of the cylinder 2 with respect to a crankcase 4 to which a piston is connected. Is to change.

  First, the configuration for changing the compression ratio in the present embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. As shown in FIG. 1, a plurality of raised portions are formed at lower portions on both sides of the cylinder block 3, and bearing housing holes 5 are formed in the raised portions. The bearing housing hole 5 has a circular shape, and is formed so as to be perpendicular to the axial direction of the cylinder 2 and parallel to the arrangement direction of the plurality of cylinders 2. The bearing housing holes 5 are all located on the same axis. The pair of axes of the bearing housing holes 5 on both sides of the cylinder block 3 are parallel.

  The crankcase 4 is formed with a standing wall portion so as to be positioned between the plurality of raised portions in which the bearing housing holes 5 described above are formed. A semicircular recess is formed on the surface of each standing wall portion facing the outside of the crankcase 4. Moreover, the cap 7 attached with the volt | bolt 6 is prepared for each standing wall part, and the cap 7 also has a semicircle recessed part. Further, when the cap 7 is attached to each standing wall portion, a circular cam housing hole 8 is formed.

  Similar to the bearing housing hole 5, the plurality of cam housing holes 8 are perpendicular to the axial direction of the cylinder 2 when the cylinder block 3 is attached to the crankcase 4 and parallel to the arrangement direction of the plurality of cylinders 2. Each is formed to be. The plurality of cam storage holes 8 are also formed on both sides of the cylinder block 3, and the plurality of cam storage holes 8 on one side are all located on the same axis. The pair of axes of the cam storage holes 8 on both sides of the cylinder block 3 are parallel. The distance between the centers of the bearing housing holes 5 on both sides and the distance between the centers of the cam housing holes 8 on both sides are the same.

  Cam shafts 9 are inserted through the two rows of bearing housing holes 5 and cam housing holes 8 arranged alternately. As shown in FIG. 1, the cam shaft 9 includes a shaft portion 9a and a cam portion 9b having a right circular cam profile fixed to the shaft portion 9a while being eccentric with respect to the central axis of the shaft portion 9a. Similarly, it has a movable bearing portion 9c having a perfect circular outer shape and rotatably attached to the shaft portion 9a, and the cam portions 9b and the movable bearing portions 9c are alternately arranged. The pair of cam shafts 9 have a mirror image relationship. Further, a mounting portion 9d of a gear 10 to be described later is formed at the end of the cam shaft 9. The center axis of the shaft portion 9a and the center of the attachment portion 9d are eccentric, and the center of the cam portion 9b and the center of the attachment portion 9d coincide.

  The movable bearing portion 9c is also eccentric with respect to the shaft portion 9a. In each camshaft 9, the eccentric directions of the plurality of cam portions 9b are the same.

A gear 10 is attached to one end of each camshaft 9. Worm gears 11a and 11b are engaged with the pair of gears 10 fixed to the ends of the pair of cam shafts 9, respectively. The worm gears 11 a and 11 b are attached to one output shaft of the single motor 12. The worm gears 11a and 11b have spiral grooves that rotate in opposite directions. For this reason, when the motor 12 is rotated, the pair of cam shafts 9 rotate in opposite directions via the gear 10. The motor 12 is fixed to the crankcase 4.

  Here, in the conventional variable compression ratio internal combustion engine, the length of the line segment L1 connecting the center of the shaft portion 9a and the center of the cam portion 9b in the cam shaft 9, the center of the shaft portion 9a, and the movable bearing portion 9c The length of the line segment L2 connecting the centers was set equal. The change from the lowest compression ratio to the highest compression ratio in the variable range of the compression ratio was performed as shown in FIGS. 2 and 4A below.

  2 (a) to 2 (c) are sectional views showing the relationship between the cylinder block 3, the crankcase 4, and the operation of the camshaft 9 constructed between them. FIG. 4A shows the movement of the line segments L1 and L2 in accordance with the change in the rotation angle of the camshaft 9. 2 (a) to 2 (c) and FIG. 4, the center of the shaft portion 9a is indicated by a, the center of the cam portion 9b is indicated by b, and the center of the movable bearing portion 9c is indicated by c. FIG. 2A shows the state of the lowest compression ratio in the variable range of the compression ratio. In this state, the center c of the movable bearing portion 9c, the center axis a of the shaft portion 9a, and the center b of the cam portion 9b are aligned in this order from the upper side of FIG. In this state, as shown in the state where the cam shaft rotation angle is 0 degree in FIG. 4A, the line segments L1 and L2 are arranged in parallel to the axial direction of the cylinder 2 across the center a of the shaft portion 9a. .

  When the motor 12 is driven from the state of FIG. 2A to rotate the shaft portion 9a in the direction of the arrow, the state of FIG. 2B is obtained. At this time, the line segments L1 and L2 are inclined with respect to the axial direction of the cylinder 2, and the angle between the line segments L1 and L2 becomes small, so that the cylinder block 3 can be brought closer to the crankcase 4.

  When the motor 12 is further driven to rotate the shaft portion 9a in the direction of the arrow, the state shown in FIG. This state shows the maximum compression ratio in the variable range of the compression ratio. In this state, as shown in the state where the camshaft rotation angle in FIG. 4A is 90 degrees, L1 and L2 overlap in the direction perpendicular to the axial direction of the cylinder 2, and at this time, the pair of shaft portions 9a Is located outside the bearing housing hole 5 and the cam housing hole 8.

As described above, in the conventional variable compression ratio mechanism, the line segments L1 and L2 are both parallel to the axial direction of the cylinder 2 at the lowest compression ratio in the variable range of the compression ratio, and FIG. 2 (a) and FIG. ), The center c of the movable bearing portion 9c, the center a of the shaft portion 9a, and the center b of the cam portion 9b are arranged in this order in a straight line. When the camshaft 9 rotates, the line segments L1 and L2 rotate in opposite directions. When the camshaft 9 rotates 90 degrees from the lowest compression ratio, both the line segments L1 and L2 Overlapping with an inclination of 90 degrees with respect to the axial direction, this state became the highest compression ratio.

  Here, the state of the maximum compression ratio in the conventional variable compression ratio mechanism described above will be considered. In this state, as described above, the line segment L1 connecting the center a of the shaft portion 9a and the center b of the cam portion 9b in the cam shaft 9, the center a of the shaft portion 9a, and the center c of the movable bearing portion 9c. And a line segment L2 having an angle of 90 degrees in the axial direction of the cylinder 2. On the other hand, the load acting in the direction separating the cylinder block 3 and the crankcase 4 due to the combustion pressure of the internal combustion engine 1 acts in a direction parallel to the axial direction of the cylinder 2.

If it does so, the load resulting from the combustion pressure of the internal combustion engine 1 will be amplified greatly in the line segment L1 and L2 direction. Therefore, in the maximum compression ratio state, a large periodic load acts on the camshaft 9 and the portions of the cylinder block 3 and the crankcase 4 that are engaged with the camshaft 9. As a result, the vibration of the internal combustion engine 1 may increase near the camshaft 9. In particular, since the movable bearing portion 9c can rotate with respect to the shaft portion 9a and can also rotate with respect to the cylinder block 3, vibration is more likely to occur.

  Further, in this state, since the play in the rotational direction of the movable bearing portion 9c is increased due to the clearance in the direction perpendicular to the axis of the cylinder 2 between the cylinder block 3 and the crankcase 4, the compression with respect to the rotation of the cam shaft 9 is increased. The followability of the ratio deteriorates, and the controllability of the compression ratio may deteriorate.

  Further, in this state, the same load works in the direction in which the cylinder block 3 and the crankcase 4 are moved closer to or away from each other than when the angle of the line segments L1 and L2 with respect to the axial direction of the cylinder 2 is smaller than 90 degrees. In this case, the torque acting on the cam shaft 9 increases. That is, the torque required to maintain the compression ratio in this state tends to increase. This is one of the reasons why the rotation angle of the camshaft 9 is only used between 0 degrees and 90 degrees in the conventional variable compression ratio internal combustion engine. In other words, when the lengths of the line segments L1 and L2 are equal, the torque is extremely large at 90 degrees of the rotation angle of the camshaft 9, and the smooth operation of the camshaft 9 may be difficult. It may be difficult to use the rotation angle of the camshaft 9 in the range of 0 to 180 degrees.

  On the other hand, in this embodiment, the length of the line segment connecting the center of the shaft portion and the center of the movable bearing portion is longer than the length of the line segment connecting the center of the shaft portion and the center of the cam portion. It was decided to set. In addition, the compression ratio is changed by changing the rotation angle of the camshaft in a range from 0 degrees to 180 degrees, and the state of the maximum compression ratio in the variable compression ratio range is the same as the state of the minimum compression ratio. A line segment connecting the center of the shaft portion and the center of the movable bearing portion and a line segment connecting the center of the shaft portion and the center of the cam portion are arranged in a straight line parallel to the axial direction of the cylinder 2. I did it.

  The operation of the camshaft when changing the compression ratio in this embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. 3 and 4B. In the cam shaft 19 in this embodiment, the length of the line segment L4 connecting the center a of the shaft portion 19a and the center c of the movable bearing portion 19c is such that the center a of the shaft portion 19a and the center b of the cam portion 19b are the same. Is 1.7 times the length of the line segment L3. And in the minimum compression ratio of the variable range of compression ratio, the center of each part of the cam shaft 19 is the center c of the movable bearing part 19c, the center a of the shaft part 19a, the cam from the upper side of FIG. 3 and FIG. They are arranged in parallel with the axial direction of the cylinder 2 in the order of the center b of the portion 19b. In the maximum compression ratio in the variable range of the compression ratio, in which the two camshafts 19 are rotated 180 degrees in opposite directions from this state, the center of each part of the camshaft 19 is shown in FIGS. ) From above, the center c of the movable bearing portion 19c, the center b of the cam portion 19b, and the center a of the shaft portion 19a are arranged in parallel with the axial direction of the cylinder 2.

  By changing the compression ratio by such an action, the direction of the line segments L3 and L4 in the camshaft 19 and the direction in which the load caused by the combustion pressure of the internal combustion engine acts also at the maximum compression ratio in the variable range. Can be parallel. Thereby, it can suppress that the load resulting from a combustion pressure is amplified greatly in L3 and L4 direction. As a result, it is possible to suppress the vibration of the cam shaft 19 particularly in the vicinity of the movable bearing portion 19c.

Next, FIG. 5 shows the camshaft rotation angle and the load caused by the combustion pressure when the length ratio M, which is the ratio of the length of the line segment L4 to the length of the line segment L3, is changed to the cylinder. The relationship between the torque acting on the camshaft when the block 3 and the crankcase 4 are moved away from each other is shown. As shown in FIG. 5, when the length ratio M is 1, the torque is maximized when the rotation angle of the camshaft is 90 degrees. Further, when the length ratio M is 1, the absolute value of the torque is remarkably larger than when the length ratio M is 1 or more. As the length ratio M increases from 1, the maximum value of the torque when the rotation angle of the camshaft is changed decreases. The maximum torque can be sufficiently reduced when the length ratio M = 1.3 or more.

  Next, FIG. 6 shows a change in the relationship between the rotation angle of the camshaft and the compression ratio when the length ratio M is changed. According to FIG. 6, when the length ratio M is 1 as in the prior art, the amount of change in the compression ratio with respect to the change in the rotation angle of the camshaft increases rapidly when the rotation angle of the camshaft is around 90 degrees. On the other hand, when the length ratio is greater than 1, the change in the compression ratio with respect to the change in the rotation angle of the camshaft is smoothed as the length ratio M increases. When the length ratio M is 1.3 or more, sufficient smoothness can be obtained, and linearity can be improved.

  As can be seen from FIG. 6, when M is set to 1.3 or more, particularly when M is set to a range of about 1.3 to 1.7, the compression ratio is compressed when the rotation angle of the camshaft is around 90 degrees. The center value of the variable ratio range can be obtained. Therefore, in this embodiment, the symmetry of the relationship between the rotation angle of the cam shaft and the compression ratio can be improved, and this also improves the linearity between the rotation angle of the cam shaft and the compression ratio. Can do.

  Next, FIG. 7 shows the rotation angle of the camshaft and the angle φ of the line segment L4 with respect to the axial direction of the cylinder 2 (shown in FIG. 4B) when the length ratio M is changed. Indicates a change in relationship. According to FIG. 7, when the length ratio M is 1 as in the prior art, φ increases linearly as the camshaft rotation angle increases from 0 degrees, and when the camshaft rotation angle is 90 degrees, φ The maximum value is 90 degrees. On the other hand, when the length ratio is greater than 1, the maximum value of φ decreases as the length ratio M increases. When the length ratio M is 1.7, the maximum value of φ is about 40 degrees or less.

  Here, the larger the value of φ, the larger the amplification factor in the direction of the line segment L4 due to the combustion pressure. Therefore, if M is 1.7, the direction of the line segment L4 of the load due to the combustion pressure is increased. The amplification factor can be greatly reduced.

  FIG. 8 shows a change in the relationship between the rotation angle of the cam shaft and the normal force acting in the direction of the line segment L3 when the length ratio M is changed. According to FIG. 8, when the length ratio M is 1 as in the prior art, the normal force increases rapidly as the cam shaft rotation angle approaches 90 degrees. On the other hand, when the length ratio is greater than 1, the maximum normal force decreases as the length ratio M increases.

  As described above, in this embodiment, the length of the line segment connecting the center of the shaft portion and the center of the movable bearing portion is the length of the line segment connecting the center of the shaft portion and the center of the cam portion. It was set to 1.7 times that. Thereby, the load which acts on the cam part and movable bearing part of a cam shaft resulting from combustion pressure can be reduced. As a result, it is possible to suppress the relative decrease in the rigidity of the camshaft, the cylinder block or the crankcase in the portion engaged with the camshaft, and it is possible to suppress the occurrence of vibration in the vicinity of the portion. Further, the torque acting on the camshaft due to the combustion pressure can be reduced. As a result, the energy required for driving or holding the camshaft by the motor can be reduced. Furthermore, the linearity of the compression ratio with respect to the change in the rotation angle of the camshaft can be improved. Here, the line segments L1 and L3 in the above correspond to the cam action line segment. Line segments L2 and L4 correspond to movable bearing action line segments.

  In the above embodiment, the ratio of the length of the line segment connecting the center of the shaft portion and the center of the movable bearing portion to the length of the line segment connecting the center of the shaft portion and the center of the cam portion. A certain length ratio M was set to 1.7. However, this length ratio is not limited to 1.7. For example, if it is 1.3 or more, the effect of the present invention can be sufficiently obtained.

Further, as can be seen from FIG. 5, even when the length ratio M is 1.7, the torque acting on the camshaft due to the combustion pressure when the rotation angle of the camshaft is around 60 degrees. Is relatively large. As can be seen from FIG. 7, even when the length ratio M is 1.7, φ is the maximum value when the rotation angle of the camshaft is around 90 degrees.

  Therefore, in this embodiment, the length ratio M may be set to 1.7, and control may be performed so as to avoid the use of a predetermined range around 60 degrees and 90 degrees in the rotation angle of the cam shaft. For example, when it is derived that the compression ratio required from the operating state of the internal combustion engine 1 is obtained between 50 degrees and 100 degrees in the rotation angle of the cam shaft, the rotation angle of the cam shaft is set to 45 degrees. The compression ratio may be changed accordingly. In particular, under conditions where the cooling water temperature or intake air temperature is low and knocking is difficult to occur, if the target camshaft rotation angle is 90 degrees from the required compression ratio, the camshaft rotation angle is set to You may perform control which sets it as 105 degree | times by the side of a high compression ratio. In this case, for example, a range of 50 to 75 degrees in the rotation angle of the cam shaft corresponds to the first angle range, and a range of 75 to 100 degrees corresponds to the second angle range.

  Or you may perform control which makes unusable the range of 50 to 70 degree | times and the range of 80 to 100 degree | times in the rotation angle of a cam shaft. Furthermore, when using a range of 50 to 70 degrees and a range of 80 to 100 degrees in the rotation angle of the cam shaft, the cam shaft is moved to a rotation angle close to the other angle range after a predetermined time has elapsed. You may perform control which makes low the frequency of use of the range of 50 to 70 degree | times and the range of 80 to 100 degree | times, such as rotating. In this case, the range from 50 degrees to 70 degrees corresponds to the first angle range, and the range from 80 degrees to 100 degrees corresponds to the second angle range.

  In the above-described embodiment, the case where the outer shape of the cam portion and the movable bearing portion of the cam shaft is circular has been described. However, the outer shape of the cam portion and the movable bearing portion is not limited to a circular shape. FIG. 9 shows another example of the shape of the cam part and the movable bearing part rotatably accommodated in the cam accommodation hole and the bearing accommodation hole.

  FIG. 9A illustrates an example in which the cam portion and the movable bearing portion have a circular outer shape, and FIG. 9B illustrates the cam portion and the movable bearing portion as arc-shaped end surfaces and straight side surfaces. FIG. 9C shows an example in which the cam portion and the movable bearing portion have an outer shape surrounded by three arcs.

1 is an exploded perspective view showing a schematic configuration of a variable compression ratio internal combustion engine according to an embodiment of the present invention. It is sectional drawing which shows progress that the cylinder block in the conventional variable compression ratio internal combustion engine moves relatively with respect to a crankcase. It is sectional drawing which shows progress which the cylinder block in the variable compression ratio internal combustion engine which concerns on the Example of this invention moves relative to a crankcase. In the conventional variable compression ratio internal combustion engine and the variable compression ratio internal combustion engine according to the present embodiment, a line segment connecting the center of the shaft portion and the center of the cam portion according to the change in the rotation angle of the cam shaft, and the shaft It is a figure shown about the movement of the line segment which connected the center of the part and the center of the movable bearing part. It is a graph which shows the change of the relationship between the rotation angle of a cam shaft, and the torque which acts on a cam shaft in case the length ratio changes in the Example of this invention. It is a graph which shows the change of the relationship between the rotation angle of a cam shaft, and a compression ratio at the time of changing length ratio in the Example of this invention. In the embodiment of the present invention, when the length ratio is changed, the change in the relationship between the rotation angle of the camshaft and the angle of the line segment connecting the center of the shaft portion and the center of the movable bearing portion with respect to the cylinder axis direction It is a graph which shows. The relationship between the rotation angle of the cam shaft and the normal force acting in the direction of the line segment connecting the center of the shaft portion and the center of the cam portion when the length ratio is changed in the embodiment of the present invention. It is a graph which shows a change. It is a figure which shows the example of the external shape of the cam part and movable bearing part in the Example of this invention.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Internal combustion engine 2 ... Cylinder 3 ... Cylinder block 4 ... Crankcase 9, 19 ... Cam shaft 9a, 19a ... Shaft part 9b, 19b ... Cam part 9c, 19c ... Movable bearing 10 ... Gear 11a, 11b ... Worm gear 12 ... Motor L1, L3 ... Line segment L2, L4 connecting the center of the shaft and the center of the cam ... Line segment connecting the center of the shaft and the center of the movable bearing

Claims (8)

A crankcase assembled with a crankshaft in an internal combustion engine;
A cylinder block formed in the internal combustion engine and attached to the crankcase so as to be relatively movable;
A pair of camshafts arranged in parallel on both sides of the cylinder in the cylinder block and rotating in opposite directions,
The cam shaft includes a shaft portion and a cam portion fixed to the shaft portion, and has a movable bearing portion rotatably attached to the shaft portion. The movable bearing portion is rotatably accommodated in a bearing accommodating hole formed in the other of the cylinder block or the crankcase, and is rotatably accommodated in a cam accommodating hole formed in one of the cylinder block or the crankcase. Is stored,
A variable compression ratio internal combustion engine that changes the compression ratio of the internal combustion engine by rotating the camshaft to relatively approach or separate the crankcase and the cylinder block,
When viewed from the axial direction of the cam shaft, the shaft center that is the rotation center of the rotation of the shaft portion is connected to the movable bearing center that is the rotation center of rotation in the bearing housing hole of the movable bearing portion. The length of the movable bearing action line segment that is an elliptical line segment is the length of the cam action line segment that is a straight line connecting the shaft center and the cam center that is the rotation center of rotation in the cam housing hole of the cam portion. A variable compression ratio internal combustion engine characterized by being set to be longer than that. Compression ratio in a state where the movable bearing center, the shaft portion center, and the cam center of the cam shaft are aligned in a line substantially parallel to the axial direction of the cylinder in this order when viewed from the axial direction of the cam shaft. Is the minimum compression ratio in the variable range of the compression ratio, and the camshaft is rotated approximately 180 degrees from the state where the compression ratio becomes the minimum compression ratio, so that the movable bearing center, the cam center, and the shaft portion center are The compression ratio in a state in which the cam shaft is arranged in a substantially straight line substantially parallel to the axial direction of the cylinder in this order when viewed from the axial direction of the cam shaft is set as the maximum compression ratio in the variable range of the compression ratio. The variable compression ratio internal combustion engine according to claim 1. Compression ratio in a state where the movable bearing center, the shaft portion center, and the cam center of the cam shaft are aligned in a line substantially parallel to the axial direction of the cylinder in this order when viewed from the axial direction of the cam shaft. Is the maximum compression ratio in the variable range of the compression ratio, and the camshaft is rotated approximately 180 degrees from the state where the compression ratio is the maximum compression ratio, so that the movable bearing center, the cam center, and the shaft portion center are The compression ratio in a state in which the cam shaft is arranged in a substantially straight line substantially in parallel with the axial direction of the cylinder when viewed from the axial direction of the cam shaft is set as the lowest compression ratio in the variable range of the compression ratio. The variable compression ratio internal combustion engine according to claim 1. The movable bearing so that when the camshaft is rotated approximately 90 degrees from the state of the lowest compression ratio or the highest compression ratio in the variable range of the compression ratio, the compression ratio becomes the center value of the variable range. The variable compression ratio internal combustion engine according to claim 2 or 3, wherein a ratio of the length of the action line segment to the length of the cam action line segment is set. The variable compression ratio internal combustion engine according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein a ratio of a length of the movable bearing action line segment to a length of the cam action line segment is 1.3 or more. The shaft portion has a cylindrical outer shape,
The cam portion is eccentric with respect to the center of the shaft portion, has a circular cam profile having a larger diameter than the shaft portion, and the cam housing hole has the same circular hole shape as the cam portion,
The movable bearing portion has a circular outer diameter larger in diameter than the cam portion eccentric with respect to the center of the shaft portion, and the bearing receiving hole has the same circular hole shape as the movable bearing portion. 6. The variable compression ratio internal combustion engine according to claim 1, wherein the internal combustion engine is a variable compression ratio internal combustion engine. The movable bearing center, the shaft portion center, and the cam center of the cam shaft from the state in which the movable shaft center, the shaft center, and the cam center are arranged in a substantially straight line in the order substantially parallel to the axial direction of the cylinder. Among the rotation angle ranges of the camshaft, a predetermined range that includes 50 ° to 75 ° range or 60 ° and is narrower is defined as the first angle range,
Disabling the first angle range;
Alternatively, when the first angle range is used, the use frequency of the first angle range is reduced by rotating the camshaft to the other angle range after a predetermined time has elapsed. Item 7. The variable compression ratio internal combustion engine according to any one of Items 1 to 6. The movable bearing center, the shaft portion center, and the cam center of the cam shaft from the state in which the movable shaft center, the shaft center, and the cam center are arranged in a substantially straight line in the order substantially parallel to the axial direction of the cylinder. Among the rotation angle range of the camshaft, a predetermined range narrower than that including 75 ° to 100 ° or 90 ° is defined as the second angle range,
Disabling the second angle range;
Alternatively, when the second angle range is used, the frequency of use of the second angle range is lowered by rotating the camshaft to the other angle range after a predetermined time has elapsed. Item 8. The variable compression ratio internal combustion engine according to any one of Items 1 to 7.

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