JP4207142B2

JP4207142B2 - Hollow ceramic

Info

Publication number: JP4207142B2
Application number: JP2000218082A
Authority: JP
Inventors: 辰芳瀬井
Original assignee: 辰芳瀬井
Priority date: 2000-06-14
Filing date: 2000-06-14
Publication date: 2009-01-14
Anticipated expiration: 2020-06-14
Also published as: JP2002003272A

Description

【０００１】
【産業上の利用分野】
本発明は、中空構造の陶磁器に係り、更に詳しくは、減圧封着された空洞を有する陶磁器の構造に係るものである。
【０００２】
【従来の技術】
陶磁器は本来、保温と断熱性に優れた性質を有し、この性質を利用して各種食器、酒器、容器に賞用されているが、最近では魔法瓶のような断熱保温性が求められるようになってきた。
一つの試みとして、容器の内部に減圧された空洞を形成して断熱保温する発明がある。
例えば、特開昭６３−２４２９８３号、特開平９−１６９５８５号、特開平１０−３１６４８１号があるが、これらは空洞部を減圧して封着するために、いずれも陶磁器の素地本体に空気を排出するための孔を穿設し、溶融した釉薬が孔に侵入して封孔するようになっている。しかし、この方法では溶融釉薬を孔に侵入させるためには、孔は下向きにおいて焼成する必要がある。また焼成後、孔が製品の表に出ないようにするためには、孔は高台部分に形成するのが好ましいが、高台を下にして焼成すると、孔に侵入して孔を満たし、余分の釉薬が外に染み出ると、高台の下面が棚板にくっついてしまう問題が起こる。
一方、この問題を回避するために高台を上にして焼くと、下にする部分、つまり棚板に載せる部分は製品の表に出てくる部分になるが、この部分に施釉出来ない問題がある。したがってもう一度低い温度で施釉する必要が生ずる。つまり孔の存在は製造工程を複雑化してコスト高にする。またデザインにも制約が出てくる。
【０００３】
【発明が解決する課題】
本発明はかかる問題点に鑑みてなされたもので、その目的は、特別に空気排出孔を設けることなく、減圧封着された空洞を形成できる新しい陶磁器の構造を提供せんとするものである。
【０００４】
【問題を解決するための手段】
本発明者は上記問題点に関して鋭意研究した結果、上記問題点は下記の構成で解決できることを見出した。
すなわち、
▲１▼陶磁器の外側の素地と内側の素地を合せ面で接合して外側の素地と内側の素地の間に密封された隙間を形成した中空構造の陶磁器であって、該外側と内側の素地の合せ面に、該素地と同じ組成あるいは同等の熱膨張特性を有する骨材と、釉薬の混合割合が、骨材２０〜４０％、釉薬８０〜６０％が混合された複合材料の層を狭まれ、該層が溶融して外側の素地と内側の素地に融着されてなることを特徴とする中空構造の陶磁器である。
▲２▼陶磁器の外側の素地と内側の素地を合せ面で接合して外側の素地と内側の素地の間に密封された隙間を形成した中空構造の陶磁器であって、該外側と内側の素地の合せ面に、該素地と同じ組成あるいは同等の熱膨張特性を有する骨材と、釉薬の混合割合が、骨材２０〜４０％、釉薬８０〜６０％が混合された複合材料の層を狭まれ、該層が溶融して外側の素地と内側の素地に融着されてなることを特徴とする中空構造の陶磁器製造方法である。
【０００５】
【発明の実施の形態】
本発明の陶磁器は、内側の素地と外側の素地の合せ面を重ね、この部分を溶融釉薬で接合して一体化したものである。内側の素地と外側の素地の間には閉ざされた空間が形成され、減圧状態で機密封着された構造になっている。
減圧機密構造には三つの形態がある。
第一の形態は、内側の素地と外側の素地の合せ面を多孔質にして、ここから加熱膨張した空気を排出させ、この状態で溶融釉薬を孔に浸透させ、冷却固化させて孔を封止する構造と、第二の形態は、合せ面に切欠を作り、ここから加熱膨張した空気を排出させ、この状態で溶融釉薬を切欠の中に浸透させて孔を塞ぎ、冷却固化させて孔を封止する構造である。
第三の形態は、外側と内側の素地の合せ面に、素地と同じ組成からなる素焼きの骨材と釉薬が混合された複合材料の層を挟む。
この層は、骨材と骨材の隙間に通気性があり、又骨材そのものが素焼きで通気性があるので、釉薬が溶融するまでは、ここを通って空気が抜ける。次に、釉薬が溶融して、骨材の孔を釉薬が埋め、又骨材と骨材の隙間を溶融した釉薬が埋めて、高機密性の複合材料の層が形成され、この層は同時に外側と内側の両方の素地に融着して、減圧機密性複合構造の陶磁器が完成する。
【０００６】
以上いずれの構造も釉薬溶融前、外側と内側の素地の合せ面に通気層を形成して、加熱膨張した空気を排気し、釉薬溶融後は、溶けた釉薬を通気層に充填、固化させて機密封着するものである。
減圧機密空間は、熱の対流による熱の移動を防ぎ、内側の陶磁器の中に入れた品物を断熱保温する。
【０００７】
第三の形態の骨材は、素地と同じ組成あるいは同等の熱膨脹特性を持つ陶磁器の素焼きのものが好ましい。骨材と、釉薬の混合割合は、骨材２０〜４０％、釉薬８０〜６０％の範囲が好ましい。
【０００８】
第二の形態の切欠は、０．５〜１ｍｍ程度の深さで良い。
数は１〜数個、合せ面に形成する。
【０００９】
第一の形態の多孔質層は、外側と内側の素地の合せ面に、０．５〜１０ｍｍ程度の幅で形成すれば良い。
【００１０】
【実施例】
実施例によって本発明を説明する。
図１〜３は本発明の実施例の構造の説明図である。
図１は本発明陶磁器の全体構造の説明図である。
図２は、合せ面が多孔質構造の拡大した説明図である。
図３は、合せ面が切欠構造の拡大した説明図である。
図４は、合せ面を骨材と釉薬の複合材料で融着した時の構造を拡大した説明した図である。
【００１１】
図１で、本発明陶磁器は内側素地１と外側素地２が合せ面で重ね合わされて溶融釉薬で接着された構造からなり、素地１と素地２の間には、隙間が形成されている。
合せ面は溶融した釉薬（ガラス）で接着されているために、隙間は機密封着され、隙間の中は減圧空間であり、熱の対流はほとんど無視できるほど小さく、断熱保温性に優れている。
内側の素地の中に入れたものはなかなか冷めにくい。
【００１２】
合せ面の構造は、図２〜４に示した３種類の構造がある。
図２は、内側と外側の素地の合せ面の部分を多孔質にして、間に釉薬のシートを挿入して釉薬の溶融温度まで加熱する。
昇温途上で加熱膨張した空気は多孔質の孔から外に排出させる。
釉薬が溶融する温度に到達すると、溶融釉薬が多孔質の穴の中に浸透して、充填され、同時に内側と外側の素地の合せ面の部分が釉薬で融着され内側と外側の素地の間の隙間は機密封着される。
冷却が始まり釉薬が固化すると、温度降下に伴って、内側と外側の素地の間の隙間は減圧されてくる。常温近傍では高度な減圧機密状態が保たれる。
【００１３】
図３は、外側の素地の合せ面に厚さ方向に貫通する切欠を形成して、内側の素地と重ね合せ、隙間の中の膨張した空気をここから外に逃がすものである。この場合も、合せ面に挟んだ釉薬が溶けて切欠の穴を埋めて外側と内側の素地の間を機密封着する。
【００１４】
図４は、内外の素地と同じ組成の陶磁器の素焼きの骨材と釉薬の粉末を、骨材３０％、釉薬７０％の割合で混合したものを合せ面に挟み加熱し、昇温途上で加熱膨張した空気を骨材と骨材の隙間から、また素焼きの骨材の孔から外に排出させ、釉薬が溶融する温度で溶融釉薬を骨材と素焼きの孔に浸透させて隙間と孔を埋め、同時に内側と外側の素地の合せ面の部分を釉薬で融着させて内側と外側の素地の間の隙間を機密封着したものである。
【００１５】
本発明に適用する素地の組成は、陶器、磁器、いかなる組成のものでも適用できる。
【００１６】
本発明陶磁器は、食器、酒器、その他の断熱保温を要求される日用品、工業品まであらゆる用途に適用できるものである。
【００１７】
【発明の効果】
以上詳記した様に、本発明は、陶磁器の外側と内側の素地の合せ面に、０，５〜１０ｍｍ幅の多孔質層を形成し、加えて、骨材と釉薬の混合割合を骨材２０〜４０％、釉薬８０〜６０％が混合された複合材料の層を狭まれ、該層が溶融して外側の素地と内側の素地に融着されてなることにより、特別に空気排出孔を設けることなく、減圧密封された空洞を形成できる新しい陶磁器が提供可能になったので、断熱保温性に極めて優れた、陶磁器の新しい用途の創出に大いに貢献するものである。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】図１は本発明陶磁器の全体構造の説明図である。
【図２】図２は、合せ面が多孔質構造の拡大した説明図である。
【図３】図３は、合せ面が切欠構造の拡大した説明図である。
【図４】図４は、合せ面を骨材と釉薬の複合材料で融着した時の構造を拡大した説明した図である。
【符号の説明】
１…内側の素地２…外側の素地
３…隙間４…多孔質層
５…切欠[0001]
[Industrial application fields]
The present invention relates to a ceramic pottery having a hollow structure, and more particularly to a ceramic structure having a cavity sealed under reduced pressure.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Ceramics originally have excellent heat insulation and heat insulation properties, and have been used for various tableware, liquor, and containers using these properties. Recently, it seems that heat insulation heat insulation like a thermos is required. It has become.
As one attempt, there is an invention in which a decompressed cavity is formed inside a container to insulate and keep heat.
For example, there are JP-A- 63-242983, JP-A- 9-169585, and JP-A- 10-316481. In order to seal the cavity by reducing the pressure, all of them are used to supply air to the ceramic body. A hole for discharging is formed so that the molten glaze enters the hole and seals it. However , in this method, in order for the molten glaze to enter the hole, the hole needs to be fired downward. Also, in order to prevent the holes from appearing on the surface of the product after firing, it is preferable to form the holes on the hill part. If the glaze oozes out, there will be a problem that the bottom of the hill will stick to the shelf.
On the other hand, if you bake with the hills up to avoid this problem, the part that goes down, that is, the part that rests on the shelf will be the part that appears on the surface of the product, but there is a problem that you can not glaze on this part . Therefore, it is necessary to apply the glazing once again at a low temperature. In other words, the presence of holes complicates the manufacturing process and increases costs. The constraints on the design comes out.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
The present invention has been made in view of such problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a new ceramic structure capable of forming a vacuum-sealed cavity without providing an air discharge hole.
[0004]
[Means for solving problems]
As a result of intensive studies on the above problems, the present inventor has found that the above problems can be solved with the following configuration.
That is,
(1) A ceramic body having a hollow structure in which a sealing gap is formed between an outer substrate and an inner substrate by joining the outer substrate and the inner substrate at a mating surface, and the outer and inner substrates Narrow the composite layer in which the mixing ratio of the aggregate having the same composition or the same thermal expansion characteristics as the substrate and the glaze is mixed with 20 to 40% aggregate and 80 to 60% glaze. Rarely, the ceramic has a hollow structure in which the layer is melted and fused to an outer substrate and an inner substrate .
(2) A hollow-structured ceramic having a sealed gap formed between the outer and inner substrates by joining the outer and inner substrates of the ceramic together at a mating surface, the outer and inner substrates Narrow the composite layer in which the mixing ratio of the aggregate having the same composition or the same thermal expansion characteristics as the substrate and the glaze is mixed with 20 to 40% aggregate and 80 to 60% glaze. rarely, a ceramic manufacturing method of hollow structure said layer is characterized by comprising fused into a green body and the inner matrix of the outer and melted.
[0005]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The ceramic of the present invention is obtained by superimposing the mating surfaces of the inner substrate and the outer substrate, and joining these portions with a molten glaze to integrate them. A closed space is formed between the inner substrate and the outer substrate, and the structure is hermetically sealed in a reduced pressure state.
There are three forms of decompression security structures.
In the first form, the mating surface of the inner substrate and the outer substrate is made porous, the heated and expanded air is discharged from this, and in this state, the molten glaze is permeated into the holes, cooled and solidified to seal the holes. The structure to stop and the second form are to make a notch on the mating surface, discharge the heated and expanded air from this, and in this state, penetrate the molten glaze into the notch to close the hole, cool and solidify the hole It is the structure which seals.
In the third embodiment, a layer of composite material in which unglazed aggregate and glaze having the same composition as the substrate are mixed is sandwiched between the mating surfaces of the outer and inner substrates.
This layer is breathable in the gap between the aggregates and the aggregate itself is unglazed and breathable so that air can escape through the glaze until it melts. Next, the glaze melts, the glaze fills the pores in the aggregate, and the glaze that melts the gap between the aggregate and aggregate fills, forming a highly confidential composite material layer that is simultaneously Fusing to both the outer and inner substrates completes a ceramic with a reduced pressure sensitive composite structure.
[0006]
In any of the above structures, before the glaze is melted, a ventilation layer is formed on the mating surface of the outer and inner substrates, the heated and expanded air is exhausted, and after melting the glaze, the melted glaze is filled into the ventilation layer and solidified. The machine is sealed.
The decompression secret space prevents heat transfer due to heat convection and insulates and keeps the items placed in the inner ceramics.
[0007]
The aggregate of the third form is preferably a ceramic unglazed one having the same composition as the substrate or equivalent thermal expansion characteristics. The mixing ratio of the aggregate and glaze is preferably in the range of 20 to 40% aggregate and 80 to 60% glaze.
[0008]
The notch of the second form may have a depth of about 0.5 to 1 mm.
1 to several pieces are formed on the mating surface.
[0009]
What is necessary is just to form the porous layer of a 1st form by the width | variety of about 0.5-10 mm in the mating surface of an outer side and an inner side base.
[0010]
【Example】
The examples illustrate the invention.
1 to 3 are explanatory views of the structure of the embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 1 is an explanatory view of the overall structure of the ceramic of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is an enlarged explanatory view of the porous structure of the mating surface.
FIG. 3 is an enlarged explanatory view of the notch structure on the mating surface.
FIG. 4 is an enlarged view illustrating the structure when the mating surfaces are fused with a composite material of aggregate and glaze.
[0011]
In FIG. 1, the ceramic of the present invention has a structure in which an inner substrate 1 and an outer substrate 2 are overlapped on a mating surface and bonded with a molten glaze, and a gap is formed between the substrate 1 and the substrate 2.
Since the mating surfaces are bonded with molten glaze (glass), the gap is sealed in the machine, the gap is a decompression space, heat convection is negligibly small, and heat insulation is excellent. .
What is put in the inner substrate is hard to cool.
[0012]
There are three types of structures of the mating surfaces shown in FIGS.
In FIG. 2, a portion of the mating surface between the inner and outer substrates is made porous, and a sheet of glaze is inserted between them and heated to the melting temperature of the glaze.
Air that has been heated and expanded while the temperature is rising is discharged from the porous holes.
When the temperature at which the glaze melts is reached, the molten glaze penetrates into the porous holes and fills, and at the same time, the part of the mating surface between the inner and outer substrates is fused with the glaze and the gap between the inner and outer substrates is reached. The gap is sealed.
When cooling begins and the glaze solidifies, the gap between the inner and outer substrates is depressurized as the temperature drops. A highly depressurized confidential state is maintained near room temperature.
[0013]
In FIG. 3, a notch penetrating in the thickness direction is formed on the mating surface of the outer substrate, and the notched air is overlapped with the inner substrate, and the expanded air in the gap is released from here. In this case as well, the glaze sandwiched between the mating surfaces melts, fills the hole in the notch, and seals between the outer and inner substrates.
[0014]
Fig. 4 shows a mixture of ceramic unglazed aggregate and glaze powder of the same composition as the inner and outer bases mixed at a ratio of 30% aggregate and 70% glaze. The expanded air is discharged from the gap between the aggregate and the aggregate, and from the hole in the unglazed aggregate, and the molten glaze penetrates into the aggregate and the unglazed hole at a temperature at which the glaze melts to fill the gap and hole. At the same time, the portion of the mating surface between the inner and outer substrates is fused with a glaze to seal the gap between the inner and outer substrates.
[0015]
The composition of the substrate applied to the present invention can be applied to pottery, porcelain, or any composition.
[0016]
The porcelain of the present invention can be applied to all uses from tableware, liquor, and other daily necessities requiring heat insulation and industrial products.
[0017]
【The invention's effect】
As described in detail above, the present invention forms a porous layer having a width of 0.5 to 10 mm on the mating surface of the outer and inner surfaces of the ceramic, and in addition, the mixing ratio of the aggregate and glaze is set to the aggregate. By narrowing the layer of composite material mixed with 20-40% and glaze 80-60%, the layer is melted and fused to the outer substrate and the inner substrate, so that the air discharge holes are specially formed. Since it is possible to provide a new ceramic that can form a vacuum-sealed cavity without providing it, it greatly contributes to the creation of a new use of ceramic that is extremely excellent in heat insulation and heat retention.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is an explanatory view of the overall structure of a ceramic according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is an enlarged explanatory view of a porous structure with a mating surface.
FIG. 3 is an enlarged explanatory view of a notch structure on a mating surface.
FIG. 4 is an enlarged view illustrating the structure when the mating surfaces are fused with a composite material of aggregate and glaze.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Inner substrate 2 ... Outer substrate 3 ... Gap 4 ... Porous layer 5 ... Notch

Claims

A ceramic body having a hollow structure in which a sealing gap is formed between an outer substrate and an inner substrate by joining the outer substrate and the inner substrate of the ceramic at a mating surface, and the mating surface of the outer and inner substrates In addition, the mixture ratio of the aggregate having the same composition or the same thermal expansion property as the base material and the glaze is narrowed to a composite material layer in which the aggregate 20 to 40% and the glaze 80 to 60% are mixed, A hollow-structured ceramic, wherein the layers are melted and fused to the outer substrate and the inner substrate .

A ceramic body having a hollow structure in which a sealing gap is formed between an outer substrate and an inner substrate by joining the outer substrate and the inner substrate of the ceramic at a mating surface, and the mating surface of the outer and inner substrates In addition, the mixture ratio of the aggregate having the same composition or the same thermal expansion property as the base material and the glaze is narrowed to a composite material layer in which the aggregate 20 to 40% and the glaze 80 to 60% are mixed, A method for producing a ceramic having a hollow structure, wherein a layer is melted and fused to an outer substrate and an inner substrate .