JP4192251B2 - Rotary transfer machine - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a circular of the rotary transfer machine.

In general, a transfer machine is a machine that places units such as milling, boring, drilling, tapping, etc. on a straight line, and automatically transports workpieces for mass production.
The rotary transfer machine of the present invention has a circular shape in plan view, and a plurality of main shafts are configured vertically, so that the configuration is close to a vertical NC multi-axis automatic board that is a multi-axis automatic board made upright. It has become.

FIG. 9 is a front view of a conventional multi-axis automatic board, and FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line CC of FIG. As shown in FIG. 9, the stem 105 that extends sideways is pivotally supported by a spindle carrier 103 supported at the left end by a headstock 107, and the right end is pivotally supported by a gear box 104. A slide 101 is mounted so as to be able to reciprocate.
As shown in FIG. 10, the outer periphery of the tool slide 101 is formed in a hexagon, and a T-groove 111 is machined on each outer peripheral surface to form a tool mounting surface. Each tool can be attached to each mounting surface. The spindle carrier 103 is provided with six main shafts 113 arranged in six equal parts, and a chuck (not shown) is mounted on each main shaft 113. Further, a workpiece (workpiece) is gripped by the chuck, and the processing is divided by 1/6, and desired processing is performed in six steps.
JP-A-5-177404 (paragraphs 0010 to 0021, FIGS. 2 and 3)

  However, the conventional multi-axis automatic lathe has a problem that the setup change requires high technology and cannot be easily performed. For this reason, there is a problem that the machine is stopped after the lot production of the workpiece is finished and cannot be operated until the same workpiece flows. That is, in the conventional multi-axis automatic lathe, as shown in FIG. 10, the place where the tool (tool) is set (replacement) is a hexagonal tool slide 101 which is turned sideways. The front faces are inclined at 30 degrees, 90 degrees, and -30 degrees, respectively, and the back faces are the opposite inclined faces. It is difficult. Further, since the tool slide 101 is a single reciprocating motion, it is necessary to consider machining distribution to six axes, tool volume, tool interference, timing, etc., and the difficulty of setup change is high. There was too much problem.

  Therefore, the present invention has been developed to solve these problems, and a dedicated tool post is provided on each main spindle to facilitate setup change for anyone, and is not limited to six axes. It is an object of the present invention to provide a rotary transfer machine such as a vertical NC multi-axis automatic lathe that can be easily configured even with six or more axes.

The invention according to claim 1 is a rotary transfer machine, comprising a base (1), a column (2) mounted on the base (1) and accommodating a plurality of tool rests (14), An intermediate base (3) placed on the column (2), a large gear (17a) supported by a bearing (17b) on the outer periphery of the intermediate base (3), and a lower portion of the large gear (17a) A chuck carrier (17) fixed to the intermediate base (3), a top cover (4) placed on the intermediate base (3), and a plurality of inverted spindles (5) arranged on the outer periphery of the top cover (4) ), A spindle motor (6) that rotates the spindle (5), and a small gear (7d) that meshes with the large gear (17a) to rotate the chuck carrier (17). Motor to rotate 7d) 7) is constructed is disposed,
The column (2) is formed in the shape of a polygonal column, each surface of the polygonal column is provided with a square hole (2a), and the saddle (12) of each tool rest (14) is provided in the square hole (2a). Are inserted, and two guide rails (11a, 11a) for Z-axis are arranged on both sides of the square hole (2a), and the saddle (12) is slidable in the Z-axis (vertical) direction. A Z-axis drive mechanism is provided, an X-axis quill (13) is provided at the center of the saddle (12) of the tool post ( 14), and a tool holder is provided at the tip of the quill (13). (13c) is provided, an X-axis drive mechanism is provided in which the tool is slidable in the X-axis (front-rear) direction, and at least one of the plurality of tool rests (14) is attached to and detached from the workpiece and reversed. A rotary transfer machine (10) constructed by replacing the pick-off unit (20) Leave
The spindle (5) is composed of 6, 8, 10, 12 and has a through-hole, a chuck (15) removably mounted on the spindle end, and a chuck carrier holding a plurality of the chucks. (17) and the chuck (15) is composed of an upper body (15a) and a lower body (15b), and a T-throw groove is formed in the upper part of the upper body (15a) and is passed through the main shaft (5). A flange-shaped enlarged diameter portion is formed at the distal end portion, engages with the T-throw groove portion, passes through a first draw bar (5a) having a through hole, and the first draw bar (5a), and has a collar shape at the distal end portion. The second draw bar (5b) having the enlarged diameter portion and the upper body (15a) are supported by the enlarged diameter portion of the first draw bar (5a), and the lower body (15b) is supported by the bearings (15i, 15i). ) A coupling (5c) formed on the lower end of the main shaft (5) and a coupling formed on the upper end of the upper body (15a), supported by the enlarged diameter portion of the second draw bar (5b). 15c) meshes with each other by pulling upward of the first draw bar (5a), is positioned and integrated, and passes through the through hole of the first draw bar (5a) and moves upward of the second draw bar (5b). The diameter of the hole at the tip is reduced by pulling, the sleeve (15e) fixed to the upper surface of the lower body (15b) is pulled, and the three claws (15j) are moved to the chuck center by the wedge mechanism (15d). The rotary transfer machine (10) is equipped with a chuck (15) configured to hold the workpiece W.

  According to the invention which concerns on Claim 1, since the main axis | shaft and the tool post became a worker's front by providing the tool post for exclusive use with respect to each main spindle, workability | operativity is good and a setup is for anyone. It is possible to provide a rotary transfer machine such as a vertical NC multi-axis automatic lathe that can be easily configured and can be easily configured not only with six axes but also with six or more axes.

Next, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a partially cutaway plan view of a rotary transfer machine of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 1, the rotary transfer machine 10 is circular in plan view, unlike a conventional transfer machine in which units are arranged on a straight line.
Here, it is composed of 8 stations, so to speak, it is an 8-axis vertical NC multi-axis automatic board. The top cover 4 on the upper surface is provided with main shafts 5, 5... For each station. Further, spindle motors 6, 6... For rotating the main shafts 5, 5. Further, a motor 7 for rotating a ring-shaped chuck carrier that automatically conveys the chucks 15, 15.
The chuck carrier is pivotally supported by a bearing 17b and rotates around the bearing 17b. That is, since the center of the bearing 17b is the center of the machine body in plan view, the chuck carrier rotates about the center of the machine body. The two-dot chain line indicates the covers 8 and 9.
In addition, the top cover is a circular plate shape and refers to the cover at the top (top) of the machine. The headstock is also used as the structure on which the spindle motor is placed. The chuck carrier is A structure that is formed in a ring shape, rotates around the center of the machine body in a plan view, and rotates and conveys while holding a plurality of chucks.

2 is a longitudinal sectional view taken along line AA shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 2, the base 1 has a circular shape in plan view, and a protruding portion 1a is formed around the center portion. Further, the base 1 is formed in a circular shape in a spiral shape. The chips generated by cutting fall onto the protruding portion 1a, and the chips are collected from the discharge port 1b to the coolant tank T by the momentum of the coolant water.
The column 2 is placed on the upper surface 1 c of the base 1. The column 2 is a polygon when viewed from the top, and a polygonal column when viewed from the front . Here, it is formed in an octagonal octagonal column. An intermediate base 3 is placed on the column 2.
A ring-shaped chuck carrier 17 is rotatably supported on the outer periphery of the intermediate base 3. A top cover 4 is placed on the intermediate base 3. The top cover 4 is provided with a spindle motor 6 for rotating the main shaft 5 of each station. The intermediate base refers to a base-like structure provided at an intermediate position between a lower position and an upper (top) position.

  The main shaft 5 is arranged vertically. In addition, the main shaft 5 of the vertical machining center is turned downward like the main shaft of the vertical machining center. A pulley 5d is provided at the rear end (upper part) of the main shaft 5, and a pulley 6a is also provided at the shaft end of the spindle motor 6. A rotational force is transmitted to the main shaft 5 via the V belt 6b and rotated.

As shown in FIG. 1, the column 2 is formed as an octagonal column, the 12 o'clock position of the timepiece is the first station, and the 6 o'clock position of the timepiece is counted as the fifth station (hereinafter referred to as ST). It has become. This is the 1ST and the 5ST, pick-off unit 20 to be described later is disposed. Accordingly, the second ST, the third ST, and the fourth ST are in charge of front processing, and the sixth ST, the seventh ST, and the eighth ST are in charge of back processing.
Therefore, the Z axis of the first ST is the Z1 axis, the Z axis of the second ST is the Z2 axis,..., The Zn axis of the nth ST is Zn, and similarly, the X axis of the first ST is the X1 axis and the X axis of the second ST is the X2 axis. ,..., Where the nth X-axis is Xn,

Figure 8 is a plan sectional view showing the pick-off unit 20. As shown in FIG. 8, is on each side of the column 2 square hole 2a is provided, the pick-off unit 20 is inserted. Two guide rails 11a and 11a for the Z1 axis are arranged on both sides (upper and lower in the drawing) of the square hole 2a. A plurality of blocks 11b and 11b are slidably fitted in the Z1 axis guide rail 11a. The guide rail 11a and the block 11b constitute a linear rolling guide.

FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of the tool post 14 of the seventh station (ST) shown in FIG. Since the configuration of the Z7 axis of the tool post 14 is the same as that of the guide rail 11a and the block 11b for the Z1 axis, detailed description thereof is omitted. As shown in FIG. 3, a saddle 12 is disposed in the blocks 11b and 11b. On the upper surface of the column 2 in the vicinity of the saddle 12, a Z7-axis servomotor 12a is provided, and a Z7-axis ball screw 12b is connected. Accordingly, the ball screw 12b is rotated by the rotation of the servo motor 12a, and the saddle 12 is moved in the Z7 axis (vertical) direction. This is called a Z-axis drive mechanism.
Furthermore, an X7 axis quill 13 is disposed in the center of the saddle 12, and an X7 axis servomotor 13a is provided on the saddle 12 at the rear of the quill 13, and an X7 axis ball screw 13b is connected to the saddle 12. Yes. Moreover, the tool holder 13c is arrange | positioned at the front-end | tip part of the quill 13, and the external cutting tool 13d is attached to the tool holder 13c, for example.
Accordingly, the ball screw 13b is rotated by the rotation of the servo motor 13a, and the outer cutting tool 13d is moved in the X7 axis (front-rear) direction. This is called an X-axis drive mechanism.

FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of the intermediate base 3 and the top cover 4 in the upper part shown in FIG.
As shown in FIG. 4, the ring-shaped chuck carrier 17 is fixed to a lower portion of a large gear 17 a that is pivotally supported by a bearing 17 b between the ring-shaped chuck carrier 17 and the intermediate base 3.
On the other hand, a motor 7 for rotating the chuck carrier 17 is disposed on the top cover 4. The gear shaft 7a disposed below the motor 7 is integrally fixed by a coupling 7b, and the gear shaft 7a is rotatably supported by bearings 7c and 7c. A small gear 7d is formed at the lower end of the gear shaft 7a so as to mesh with the large gear 17a. Thus, the rotation of the motor 7, rotates rotation Then the large gear 17a is small gear 7d, chuck carrier 17 is transported to the chuck is rotated (forward, reverse) rotatably.
The chuck carrier rotates around the center of a bearing 17b provided between the intermediate base 3 and the large gear 17a.

  FIG. 5 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the chuck 15 shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 5, the chuck 15 includes an upper body 15a and a lower body 15b, and is rotatably supported by bearings 15i and 15i. A coupling 5c formed at the lower end of the main shaft 5 and a coupling 15c formed at the upper end of the upper body 15a are engaged with each other by being pulled upward of the first draw bar 5a, and are positioned and integrated. Further, the sleeve 15e is pulled by pulling upward the second draw bar 5b, and the three claws (jaws) 15j are moved to the chuck center by the same configuration as the wedge mechanism 15d of the power chuck, and the workpiece W is gripped. The three-claw chuck 15 may be a collet chuck.

  Even when the chuck 15 is separated from the main shaft 5, the clamping force for gripping the workpiece W is not loosened. That is, the notch 15f in the lateral direction jumps into the V groove formed on the outer periphery of the sleeve 15e by the urging force of the spring 15g, and the longitudinal pin 15h having the wedge angle α is pressed by the main shaft 5 to maintain the clamped state. The

FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view illustrating the operation of connecting and releasing by the first draw bar 5a and the second draw bar 5b shown in FIG. 5, FIG. 6 (a) is the first step, and FIG. 6 (b) is the first step. Step 2 and FIG. 6C are explanatory diagrams showing the third step. As shown in FIG. 6A, in the first step, the second draw bar 5b is lowered by the gap of the sleeve 15e. As shown in FIG. 6B, in the second step, the first draw bar 5a is lowered by the gap. 6C, in the third step, the engagement between the coupling 5c of the main shaft 5 and the coupling 15c of the upper body 15a of the chuck 15 is released, and the chuck 15 is placed on the chuck carrier 17. Is done.
The connecting operation is the opposite of the releasing operation described above.

  As described above, the eight chucks 15, 15... Mounted on the chuck carrier 17 are rotated by 45 degrees by the rotation of the motor 7 shown in FIG. A T-throw groove is formed in the upper body 15a of the chuck 15 so that the first draw bar 5a and the second draw bar 5b do not interfere with each other when the chuck carrier 17 rotates. Then, by the action of the first draw bar 5a and the second draw bar 5b, the transported chucks 15, 15,... Are mounted on the main shafts 5, 5,.

Figure 7 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a pick-off unit 20, FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view of line B-B shown in FIG. Pickoff unit 20, in the rotary transfer machine 10 shown in FIG. 1 is disposed in the first 1ST (12 o'clock of the watch) first 5ST (6:00 watch). In the first ST, the finished workpiece W is gripped, once removed into an empty pot of a workpiece feeder (not shown), the workpiece (material) conveyed to the same workpiece feeder is gripped and conveyed to the chuck, and the workpiece W is removed. Supply. Furthermore, the 5th ST is a connecting station where the front processing is finished and the back processing is started. That is, in this 5th ST, the surface processing portion after surface processing is gripped, the workpiece W is removed from the claw of the chuck 15, the workpiece W is reversed, and then approaches the chuck 15 again to grip the workpiece W on the chuck 15. Let

The hand opening / closing mechanism will be described with reference to FIGS. As shown in FIG. 8, a slider 21 is slidably disposed on a plurality of blocks 11b and 11b disposed on the two Z1 axis guide rails 11a and 11a. A spindle 22 is rotatably supported on the slider 21 by bellings 22b and 22b. The spindle 22 has a built-in piston 22a. When high-pressure air flows in from the air hole 21b, the piston 22a moves forward and closes the pair of hands 24, 24 with the pin 23 as a fulcrum. That is, the workpiece W is gripped . On the other hand, when high-pressure air flows from the air hole 21a, the piston 22a moves backward to open the pair of hands 24, 24 with the pin 23 as a fulcrum.

Subsequently, the work reversing operation will be described. As shown in FIG. 7, a servo motor 25 for reversing the workpiece is provided at the rear part of the slider 21, and a small pulley 25 is fixed to the motor shaft of the servo motor 25. A large pulley 25b is fixed to the rear part of the piston 22a, and these pulleys 25a and 25b are connected by a belt 25c.
As a result, the piston 22a is rotated by the rotation of the servo motor 25, and the hands 24, 24 holding the workpiece W are rotated 180 degrees.

Accordingly, in a 5ST, to reverse the workpiece W after the table machining end opens the hand 24, 24 in the standby position of the pick-off unit 20, the workpiece W in close proximity to move to Z5 axial upward the workpiece W Hold it. Then, the claw of the chuck 15 of the main shaft 5 is released and moved downward in the Z5 axis. Then, the hands 24 and 24 are rotated 180 degrees. Again, after moving upward on the Z5 axis and approaching the chuck 15, causing the claw to grip the work W, the work W is released from the hands 24, 24 and moved downward on the Z5 axis to return to the standby position. .

  The present invention can be modified and changed in various ways within the scope of the technical idea. For example, the guide portion of each axis may be a sliding guide instead of a linear motion rolling guide, and the column 2 is not limited to an octagon, and may be a 10, 12,. Each station may add a C axis to the fixed main shaft and add a tailstock to the lower part of the tool post 14.

  It is the top view which fractured | ruptured partially the rotary transfer machine of this invention.   It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the AA line shown in FIG.   It is an enlarged view of the tool post shown in FIG.   FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of an intermediate base and a top cover shown in FIG. 2.   It is an expanded sectional view of the chuck | zipper shown in FIG.   FIGS. 6A and 6B are cross-sectional views illustrating the operation of connecting and releasing by the first draw bar and the second draw bar shown in FIG. 5, wherein FIG. 5A is a first step, FIG. 5B is a second step, and FIG. It is explanatory drawing which shows. It is a longitudinal sectional view showing a pick-off Fuyunitto.   It is sectional drawing of the BB line shown in FIG.   It is a front view of the conventional multi-axis automatic board.   It is sectional drawing of CC line shown in FIG.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Base 1a Protrusion part 1b Outlet 1c Upper surface 2 Column 2a Square hole 3 Intermediate base 4 Top cover 5 Main shaft 5a 1st draw bar 5b 2nd draw bar 5c, 15c Coupling 5d Pulley 6 Spindle motor 6a Pulley 6b V belt 7 Motor 7a Gear shaft 7b Coupling 7c Bearing
7d Small gears 8, 9 Cover 10 Rotary transfer machine 11a Guide rail 11b Block 12 Saddles 12a, 13a, 25 Servo motors 12b, 13b Ball screw 13 Quill 13c Tool holder 13d External tool 14 Tool post 15 Chuck 15a Upper body 15b Lower body 15d Wedge mechanism 15e Sleeve 15f Notch 15g Spring 15h Pin 15i Bearing 15j Three claws (Jaw)
17 chuck carrier 17a large gear 17b bearing 20 pickoff unit 21 slider 21a, 21b air holes 22 spindle 22a piston 23 pin 24 the hand 25a small pulley 25b large pulley 25c belt T coolant tank

Claims (1)

A base (1), a column (2) placed on the base (1) and containing a plurality of tool rests (14), and an intermediate base (3) placed on the column (2) A large gear (17a) pivotally supported by a bearing (17b) on the outer periphery of the intermediate base (3), a chuck carrier (17) fixed to the lower portion of the large gear (17a), and the intermediate base (3 ) A top cover (4) placed thereon, a plurality of inverted main shafts (5) disposed on the outer periphery of the top cover (4), and a spindle motor (6) for rotating the main shaft (5) A small gear (7d) meshing with the large gear (17a) for rotating the chuck carrier (17), and a motor (7) for rotating the small gear (7d). ,
The column (2) is formed in the shape of a polygonal column, each surface of the polygonal column is provided with a square hole (2a), and the saddle (12) of each tool rest (14) is provided in the square hole (2a). Are inserted, and two guide rails (11a, 11a) for Z-axis are arranged on both sides of the square hole (2a), and the saddle (12) is slidable in the Z-axis (vertical) direction. A Z-axis drive mechanism is disposed, an X-axis quill (13) is disposed in the center of the saddle (12) of the tool post (14), and a tool holder is disposed at the tip of the quill (13). (13c) is provided, an X-axis drive mechanism is provided in which the tool is slidable in the X-axis (front-rear) direction, and at least one of the plurality of tool rests (14) is attached to and detached from the workpiece and reversed. A rotary transfer machine (10) constructed by replacing the pick-off unit (20) Stomach,
The spindle (5) is composed of 6, 8, 10, 12 and has a through-hole, a chuck (15) removably mounted on the spindle end, and a chuck carrier holding a plurality of the chucks. (17) and the chuck (15) is composed of an upper body (15a) and a lower body (15b), and a T-throw groove is formed in the upper part of the upper body (15a) and is passed through the main shaft (5). , flange-shaped enlarged diameter portion is formed at the tip portion, engaged with the T slow groove, a first drawbar that having a through hole (5a), through the first drawbar (5a), the tip The second draw bar (5b) formed with a collar-shaped enlarged diameter portion and the upper body (15a) are supported by the enlarged diameter portion of the first draw bar (5a), and the lower body (15b) is supported by a bearing (15i). , 15i) can be rotated freely A coupling (5c) formed on the lower end of the main shaft (5) and a coupling formed on the upper end of the upper body (15a), supported by the enlarged diameter portion of the second draw bar (5b). 15c) meshes with each other by pulling upward of the first draw bar (5a), is positioned and integrated, and passes through the through hole of the first draw bar (5a) and moves upward of the second draw bar (5b). The diameter of the hole at the tip is reduced by pulling, the sleeve (15e) fixed to the upper surface of the lower body (15b) is pulled, and the three claws (15j) are moved to the chuck center by the wedge mechanism (15d). The rotary transfer machine (10) is equipped with a chuck (15) configured to hold the workpiece W.

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