JP4192215B2 - Method for separating pulp and seeds in fruits - Google Patents

Description

【００３３】
その結果、本発明実施例（アルコール脱水乾燥品）は、香り成分がアルコール区分に移行した結果か梅干しに比べると低い評価となったが、適度な酸味と塩味のバランスがよく評価が高かった。
一方、比較例（加熱乾燥品）は、塩辛さと日向臭さにより香り、味ともに評価が低い結果となった。
【００３４】
【発明の効果】
以上のように、エチルアルコールを用いて、その脱水作用により、果実から果肉を取った後の付着果肉付きの種子を簡単に乾燥させて、付着果肉と種子とを剥離させ分離することができるので、従来、再使用や再利用が困難とされ廃棄処分されていたものが、本発明によって、付着果肉による乾燥品や実（仁）による食用品、あるいは、殻（核）による炭化物を得ることができるため、従来廃棄物として廃棄のための廃棄場の確保や、処分のために要する設備や用地，処理コスト高騰などの発生していた諸問題が解決され、特に、使用できる資源を有効に再利用して、二次加工品や三次加工品等の新たな物品の市場提供が可能となる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】 本発明に係る果実における果肉と種子との分離処理方法の一実施例を示す一連の工程の説明図である。
【符号の説明】
ｂ…果実．１…果肉．１ａ…付着果肉．２…種子．２ａ…内容物．２ｂ…仁．４…槽．５…アルコール．１ａ１，９，１０…食用品[0001]
[Industrial application fields]
The present invention can be reliably separated and the pulp and seeds from the fruit, moreover, and pulp and seed in fruit that can be these pulp and seeds to be discarded to effectively reuse The present invention relates to a separation processing method.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, in the case of fruits, for example, plum fruits, the pulp is used for various foods and beverages using dried plums and plums. The seeds from which the pulp has been removed are mostly discarded and buried in the disposal site or incinerated in an incinerator, even though the available pulp remains sticky. It was.
[0003]
However, this dumping has a problem that acid and salt remaining in the seeds are eluted into the ground and cause environmental pollution. In particular, it is necessary to secure a disposal site for landfill disposal of the increasing waste. It has become difficult year by year and has become a social problem in recent years.
Further, even when the waste is incinerated, there is a risk of generation of harmful substances such as dioxin due to incineration, which cannot be fully utilized.
[0004]
Therefore, for example, in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2000-225386, charcoal is produced by carbonizing the outer core of the seed from which the flesh has been removed, and it is commercialized, or the fruit (seed) inside the seed is taken out into a secondary processed product. However, even after removing the flesh from the plums, many flesh remains around the seeds, and they are not easily removed due to the concavities in the seeds. In this state, when the seed core is broken and the seeds are removed, the remaining pulp is difficult to work, and the remaining fruit is not The flesh that adheres may adhere and must be reprocessed to remove the remaining flesh.
This means that, for example, when trying to obtain mucilage powder from the seeds by sun or hot air drying, or when trying to obtain fruit (seed) with less sticky matter sticking to the seeds, However, the flesh part powder cannot be obtained, and it must be made into a crushed powder by a compulsory method such as stirring that physically rubs.
In addition, it takes a long time to dry the seeds, and for short-time treatment, when the hot air (for example, 100 ° C.) is dried, the brown portion of the pulp progresses, and thus the finished powdered product has a color tone, Both flavors are inferior.
Furthermore, even if it is going to take out the fruit (ren) of a state close | similar to a pure state, the fruit pulp which adhere | attached actually mixes and invades at the time of an actual crush.
Therefore, this seed could not be sufficiently reused.
[0005]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
The present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned problems, and the flesh attached in a sticky state (in a coherent state) around the seeds is promoted to peel off from the seeds by dehydration of the sticky flesh with alcohol. it makes it possible to reliably separate and its pulp and seeds from the fruit, moreover, and pulp and seed in fruit that can be effectively reused even those deposited pulp and seeds to be discarded It is an object of the present invention to provide a separation processing method.
[0008]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
After removing the pulp from the fruit, the seed with the pulp around it is immersed in an alcohol tank to dehydrate, and then the seed is removed from the tank to volatilize the alcohol contained in the seed. Then , after the attached pulp and the seed are separated, the fruit and seed are separated from each other in the fruit obtained by separating the attached pulp and the seed.
[0009]
2. The method for separating pulp and seeds from fruits according to claim 1, wherein the alcohol is ethyl alcohol.
[0010]
The fruit and seed separation method for fruit according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the fruit is one of plum, peach, plum and apricot.
[0012]
【Example】
It will now be described with reference to an embodiment of the separation method of the pulp and seed in fruit with the present invention with reference to the drawings.
In FIG. 1, it is explanatory drawing which shows the whole process of isolate | separating the pulp 1 and the seed 2 in the fruit b, Comprising: The drying process of the fruit b adheres to the dehydration action by the alcohol 5, and this fruit b, This is carried out by volatilization (evaporation) of five alcohol components contained in the fruit b.
The fruit b to be treated in this embodiment is, for example, a relatively large seed 2 such as plum, peach, plum or apricot, and the pulp 1 is not easily peeled off from the seed 2, so Even after the removal of sucrose, what remains on the seed 2 side and has the attached pulp 1a is particularly effective for the processing according to the embodiment of the present invention.
Needless to say, the fruit b used is not limited to the above-mentioned types.
[0013]
Therefore, first, the seed 2 is removed from the fruit b by an appropriate seed removal means (not shown).
At this time, as described above, the attached pulp 1a remains around the seed 2 in a sticky state (in a coherent state). In this embodiment, the attached pulp 1a and the seed 2 are separated.
In addition, the pulp 1 obtained by the said seed removal means turns into the processed food and fruit processed drink of fruit through the suitable process means 3. FIG.
[0014]
In the separation step described above, the alcohol 5 and the seed 2 with the attached flesh 1a are placed in the tank 4 having a predetermined volume, and the seed 2 is filled with the alcohol 5, for a predetermined time, for example, 30 minutes to 1 The step immersed in the tank 4 is performed for about a day.
In addition, in the immersion in the tank 4, if the seed 2 with the attached pulp 1a is stored in a storage basket (not shown), the seed 2 with the attached pulp 1a is accommodated when the seed 2 is taken out. It is convenient for work because it is carried out to the outside.
In addition, in contact with the seed 2 with the alcohol 5 and the attached pulp 1a, the seed 5 with the alcohol 5 in the tank 4 and the attached pulp 1a is immersed in the tank 4 in a stationary state. Is stirred intermittently or continuously by a stirring blade (not shown) arranged in the tank 4 in a predetermined manner.
Further, in the contact between the alcohol 5 and the seed 2 with the attached pulp 1a, another example is that the alcohol 5 is sprayed to the seed 2 with the attached pulp 1a in the form of a shower or mist. Any means can be selected as long as it is a means for bringing the alcohol 5 into contact with the seed 2 with the attached pulp 1a without fail.
[0015]
The alcohol 5 used for the dehydrating action described above is ethyl alcohol that is suitable for drinking and does not adversely affect the eating of the pulp 1 and the seed 2, and the concentration of the alcohol 5 is the seed with the attached pulp 1 a. 2 is selected according to the amount of treatment 2 and the water content of the seed 2 with attached pulp 1a, for example, a concentration of about 50% to 100%, preferably about 75% to 95%. Among them, those less than 100% are diluted with an appropriate liquid such as water.
In the operation of separating the pulp 1 and the seeds 2 and using them other than food, the alcohol 5 may be methyl alcohol or acetone.
[0016]
The separation action of the attached pulp 1a and the seed 2 by the alcohol 5 is performed by a dehydrating action from the attached pulp 1a or a dehydrating action from the attached pulp 1a and the seed 2. The alcohol 5 and the attached pulp 1a, performed by mutual replacement with internal moisture contained in the seed 2.
That is, in the tank 4, the moisture contained in the attached pulp 1a and the seed 2 moves to the alcohol 5 side, and as a result, the concentration of the alcohol 5 is diluted with the moisture.
Similarly, alcohol 5 is infiltrated into the attached pulp 1a and seed 2 in accordance with the amount of water lost from the attached pulp 1a and seed 2. Therefore, the attached pulp 1a and seed 2 have the above-described replacement action. Is dehydrated.
[0017]
When the seed 2 with attached pulp 1a that has undergone the predetermined dehydration process is taken out of the tank 4, the liquid alcohol 5 that is in contact with or impregnated on the outer surface of the seed 2 by the substitution action is volatilized at room temperature (for example, The seed 2 with attached pulp 1a from which the alcohol 5 has been released is changed to a dry state.
That is, the attached pulp 1a clinging to the periphery of the seed 2 together with fibers and the like floats from the surface of the seed 2 by drying and becomes detached from the seed 2. In this state, stirring, etc. Separation by friction is performed, or the attached pulp 1a and the seed 2 are separated by an appropriate take-out means 6.
This take-out means 6 is an arbitrary means such as a rotary / sliding / vibrating sieve sorting machine having a mesh for which passage of seeds 2 is restricted, or separation by compressed air (for example, spraying). Can be selected.
[0018]
Further, the alcohol 5 supplied into the tank 4 and used in the dehydration step is rich in fragrance by the processing means 7 which is adjusted to a predetermined salt concentration and alcohol content after passing through necessary steps such as a filtration step and a distillation step. It can be processed into a processing liquid 8 such as an alcoholic beverage or other food additive.
[0019]
The attached pulp 1a separated from the seed 2 is processed in a process such as predetermined heating and drying (for example, hot air heating / drying at 80 ° C. to 150 ° C.), formed into a powder or granule, sprinkled, etc. Processed products 1a1 that are food additives such as food additives such as fragrances and seasonings can be obtained.
[0020]
Further, the contents (for example, fruit berries) 2b in the seeds 2 are taken out from the separated seeds 2, and a refined product, for example, an edible oil 9 is obtained by processing such as pressing or solvent extraction. it can.
[0021]
In the present embodiment, it is described that the dehydrating action is performed using the alcohol 5 in the separation process of the pulp 1 and the seed 2 in the fruit b. However, the dehydrating action of only the pulp 1 in the fruit b or the fruit. Of course, in the dehydration action of the seed 2 in b, the dehydration / drying step may be performed using the alcohol 5 shown in the present embodiment.
[0022]
Therefore, in the fruit drying method and the fruit and seed separation method in the fruit according to the embodiment of the present invention configured as described above, the salted plum fruit b is used for the fruit, and the plum meat 1 in the plum fruit b is used. An example of the separation process between the seed 2 and the seed 2 will be described with reference to FIG.
[0023]
Umemi b salted by means of seed removal (not shown) b. Seed 2 is extracted from so-called dried plums, and the remaining plum meat 1 is obtained. Get food and processed beverages.
On the other hand, the seed 2 from which the plum meat 1 has been removed is in a viscous state, and the attached plum meat 1a is left around with some fibers around it, and 1,000 g of the seed 2 is 95% It was immersed so that the ethyl alcohol 5 of a density | concentration might be filled in the tank 4 containing 810g, and it was left to stand for 3 hours, stirring with the ethyl alcohol 5 occasionally at normal temperature (20 degreeC).
[0024]
After 3 hours, when the seed 2 was taken out from the tank 4, the component of the alcohol 5 deposited on almost the entire seed 2 was evaporated in about 10 minutes at room temperature to be in a dry state. Then, when this attached plum meat 1a was peeled off from the seed 2, the attached plum meat 1a was peeled off from around the seed 2 by drying due to the dehydrating action of ethyl alcohol 5, and most of them were rubbed by hand. It was in a state of being easily separated.
[0025]
The seeds 2 together with the attached plum meat 1a are supplied to the vibration-type extraction means 6 to which a 6.7 (3 mesh) mm square sieve is attached and the extraction means 6 is operated for 5 minutes. 177 g of meat 1a and 820 g of seed 2 were recovered.
[0026]
Also, the attached plum meat 1a peeled off from the seed 2 and dried is obtained to be close to pure plum meat with almost no other substances mixed in, and its shape is in an irregular particle state, which is contained in the whole. It became dry plum meat with 15% water.
Further, the appearance of the collected seed 2 is a clean one with almost no attached plum meat 1a before separation processing, and in a state where a predetermined processing is immediately performed in the next step together with the above-mentioned adhered plum meat 1a. there were.
[0027]
Further, ethyl alcohol 5 used for dehydration / drying of the attached plum meat 1a and seed 2 was recovered from the tank 4 and was replaced with 726 g by a substitution action or a volatile action with the moisture content of the attached plum meat 1a or seed 2. The concentration was 74.6% alcohol.
[0028]
The separated and collected attached plum meat 1a, seed 2 and ethyl alcohol 5 are each subjected to secondary processing or the like and reused for food.
First, the attached plum meat 1a is supplied to a hot air dryer (not shown), and dried for 15 minutes with hot air heated to 98 ° C. to obtain a dried product 1a1 having a moisture content of 3%, which is a food product. It was. This dried product 1a1 could be used for various foods such as sprinkles. In this process, 177 g to 36 g of a dried product 1a1 of the collected adhered plum meat 1a was obtained.
[0029]
Moreover, the separated seed 2 was able to take out the seed 2b from the inside by breaking the shell (core) 2a in the seed 2 by crushing means (not shown). At this time, the shell (nucleus) 2a has almost no adhering plum meat 1a, and the seed 2 was in a dry state. A substantially pure product was obtained without being contaminated by the wet deposited plum meat 1a as in the prior art.
The fruit (bitter) 2b is collected, pulverized as necessary, and subjected to a conventional extraction process to obtain a food product 9 such as a vegetable edible oil or a food additive. In a carbonization furnace (not shown) for 30 hours at a temperature of 750 ° C. and left to cool for 2 days to obtain a carbide 10. This carbide 10 could be used as a soil conditioner or desiccant.
[0030]
Further, the recovered ethyl alcohol 5 had an alcohol concentration of 74.6%. From this, impurities and the like mixed in the ethyl alcohol 5 in the dehydration step were removed with a filter, and the alcohol content was adjusted to 12% with a diluent with water. Thereby, alcoholic beverage 8 was obtained.
When this alcoholic beverage 8 was sampled, it had a delicate scent of plum fruit and was easy to drink with a light taste.
Moreover, the food bacteriostatic agent used for cut vegetables etc. was obtained by performing the process which adjusted alcohol concentration to 67% and added lactic acid 3% with respect to the whole quantity.
[0031]
As a comparative example, an example is shown in which the remaining pulp is removed by heat drying, which is one of the prior arts.
After drying 1 kg of ume fruit, which is the remaining part from which the plum part of plum dried, has been dried for 6 hours in an air dryer at 105 ° C, it is stirred in a 6 mm square stainless steel net to peel off the pulp part adhering to the ume fruit. Separation gave 34 g of dried pulp.
The obtained dried pulp part was dark brown, and it was difficult to say that it was a preferable form in terms of appearance as compared with the above-mentioned Examples of the present invention.
Below, the quality sensory test of this invention Example and the said comparative example was done. The results are shown in Table 1.
Test method: Evaluated by 10 testers using a method of adding and subtracting in the range of ± 2 points based on the standard (3 points) flavor of commercially available umeboshi (selected seasoning-free product, dry one) The value is shown.
[0032]
[Table 1]

[0033]
As a result, the examples of the present invention (alcohol dehydrated and dried products) had a low evaluation as a result of the scent component being shifted to the alcohol category or compared to the umeboshi, but the evaluation was good due to the good balance between acidity and salty taste.
On the other hand, the comparative example (heat-dried product) resulted in low evaluation of both fragrance and taste due to saltiness and sun odor.
[0034]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, the seeds with attached pulp after removing the pulp from the fruit can be easily dried using ethyl alcohol, and the attached pulp and seed can be separated and separated. In the past, what has been disposed of because it is difficult to reuse and reuse can be obtained by the present invention to obtain a dried product from the attached flesh, a food product from the fruit (fruit), or a carbide from the shell (core). As a result, problems such as securing a disposal site for disposal as waste, the facilities and land required for disposal, and rising processing costs have been solved. By using it, it becomes possible to provide new products such as secondary processed products and tertiary processed products to the market.
[Brief description of the drawings]
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram of a series of steps showing an embodiment of a method for separating pulp and seeds from fruits according to the present invention.
[Explanation of symbols]
b ... Fruit. 1 ... pulp. 1a: Adhered pulp. 2 ... Seeds. 2a ... Contents. 2b ... Jin. 4 ... Tank. 5 ... alcohol. 1a1,9,10 ... food

Claims (3)

After removing the pulp from the fruit, the seed with the pulp around it is immersed in an alcohol tank to dehydrate, and then the seed is removed from the tank to volatilize the alcohol contained in the seed. And separating the attached pulp and seeds from each other, and then separating the attached pulp and seeds from each other. The alcohol is ethyl alcohol, The method for separating fruit and seeds from fruits according to claim 1. The method for separating fruit and seed from fruits according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the fruit is any one of plum, peach, plum and apricot.

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