JP4187900B2 - Cutter head device for underground excavation - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to optimal underground drilling cutter head unit by applying the tube filled設用excavator to Juana the ground for embedding the tube in the ground.
[0002]
[Prior art]
As a means to embed relatively small-diameter pipes such as water and sewer pipes and electric conduits in the ground without excavating the ground, a cutter head provided at the tip of the screw conveyor from the pit excavated from the ground has been used. The ground is excavated in the horizontal direction, and the excavated earth and sand are transported from the pit to the ground through the casing in the previous conduit that passes through the screw conveyor, and the buried pipe is connected to the previous conduit and pushed forward from the rear, and the buried pipe is sequentially added. The method of burying in the ground is taken.
[0003]
The conventional cutter head has a structure shown in FIG. 5 (A) or (B). That is, in the case shown in FIG. 5 (A), the face plate 4 of the cutter head 3 having the bit 2 on the front surface is attached to the front end of the screw conveyor 1, and the water stop cone 5 on the rear surface of the face plate 4 A clearance C is provided between the blade edge 7 and the tapered inner peripheral surface 8, and the cutter head 3 is configured to rotate while maintaining the center of rotation at the clearance C portion. In the case shown in FIG. 5B, the cutter head 3 at the tip of the screw conveyor 1 is supported by the blade edge 7 at the tip of the tip conduit 6 via a bearing 9 so that the center of rotation of the cutter head 3 is determined. Is.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, in the configuration of FIG. 5A, the center of rotation of the cutter head 3 is guaranteed only by the clearance C between the outer periphery of the face plate 4 of the cutter head 3 and the inner peripheral surface 8 of the blade edge 7. There is a problem that the rotation center of the cutter head 3 is not constant, and it fluctuates as shown by an arrow at the left end of the figure, resulting in extremely unstable rotation, and it is difficult to correct excavation and to correct the direction of the excavation surface.
[0005]
In the configuration shown in FIG. 5B, the cutter head 3 is restricted from rotating by the bearing 9 so that the unstable rotation as described above does not occur. However, the cutter head 3 is supported by the blade edge 7 by the bearing 9. Therefore, the water stop cone cannot be mounted on the back surface of the face plate 4 of the cutter head 3, and as a result, the amount of soil taken in must be controlled only by the rotational speed of the cutter head 3 (screw conveyor 1). However, depending on the target ground, there was a problem that the control of the amount of sediment was insufficient.
[0006]
The present invention has been made with the object of solving the above-mentioned problems of the prior art, and enables stable excavation and direction correction with stable cutter head rotation, and reliable control of the amount of soil taken in. It is to be able to go to.
[0007]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
As means for solving the above-mentioned problems, the present invention excavates the tip ground by a cutter head attached to the tip of a screw conveyor inserted through a leading conduit, and carries the excavated earth and sand backward by the screw conveyor. An underground excavation cutter head device for excavating a hole, wherein the screw conveyor is driven to rotate by a driving means behind and is moved back and forth over a predetermined distance, and the cutter head is fixed to the tip of the screw conveyor. An annular portion having an outer peripheral drilling bit for excavating the outermost peripheral portion of the excavation hole is attached to the tip of the blade edge of the tip conduit. It is rotatably supported through a bearing, a torque transmission member extending forward so as to project on the outer circumference of the annular portion is provided on the outer periphery of the face plate Ri engages outs, the annular portion is characterized by being configured so as to rotate integrally with the faceplate to move back and forth.
When mounting the water stopping cone to the rear of the cutter head, the outer peripheral surface of the water stop cone provided on the back surface of said face plate, the water stop cone receiving surface formed on the inner peripheral surface of the annular portion disjunction freely formed, wherein during forward movement of the screw conveyor waterproofing cone and water shut-off cone receiving surface and sediment uptake opening spaced are formed, the water shut-off cone and water shut-off during retraction of the screw conveyor The soil receiving opening is closed by close contact with the cone receiving surface.
[0008]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
In the following, the present invention will be described with reference to the embodiment shown in the drawings, using the same reference numerals for members common to FIG.
[0009]
FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing an outline of an embodiment of a cutter head device for underground excavation according to the present invention. A casing 6a is disposed in an axial direction inside a front conduit 6 of an excavator. At the same time, an annular part 12 at the base of the outermost peripheral excavation bit 11 for excavating the outermost peripheral part at the time of drilling is rotatably attached via a bearing 13 to the blade edge 7 at the distal end of the tip conduit 6.
[0010]
A screw conveyor 10 is inserted into the casing 6a so as to be rotationally driven by a rear driving means (not shown) and movable back and forth over a predetermined distance, and at the tip of the screw conveyor 10 is the center of a disc-shaped face plate 15 of the cutter head 14. Is fixed.
[0011]
A center excavation bit 16a projects from the front side of the face plate 15 of the cutter head 14 at the center, a main excavation bit 16b projects from the peripheral side, and a water stop cone 17 is provided at the back of the face plate 15, The water stop cone 17 is detachably connected to a tapered water stop cone receiving surface 18 that expands toward the front end formed on the inner peripheral surface of the annular portion 12 of the outermost peripheral excavation bit 11. When the screw conveyor 10 moves backward, the water stop cone 17 and the water stop cone receiving surface 18 come into close contact with each other to prevent the inflow of earth and sand, and when the screw conveyor 10 moves forward, the distance between the water stop cone 17 and the water stop cone receiving surface 18 is reached. Is opened, and an earth and sand intake opening A is formed to allow the inflow of earth and sand, and the inflow amount (intake amount) of earth and sand is adjusted by adjusting the interval.
[0012]
A torque transmission member 19 protrudes from the front surface of the annular portion 12 of the outermost peripheral excavation bit 11, and this torque transmission member 19 is engaged with a notch 15 a of the face plate 15 of the cutter head 14. Is transmitted to the outermost peripheral excavation bit 11 and is rotated together with the cutter head 14 in the same direction.
[0013]
2 and 3 show a specific form of the above-described configuration. An annular groove 20 is formed in the circumferential direction in the blade edge 7 (fixed portion) at the tip of the tip conduit 6, and the outermost peripheral excavation bit is formed in this groove. An annular portion 21 having a cylindrical shape at the base of 11 is rotatably inserted through a bearing 22, and the outermost peripheral excavation bit 11 is provided at the tip of the annular portion 21. The water-stopping cone receiving surface 18 is formed on the inner periphery of the tip of the cutting head 14, and the water-stopping cone 17 is configured to come into contact with the back surface of the cutter head 14. The torque transmitting member 19 protruding from the front end of the annular portion 21 is engaged with the notch 15a of the face plate 15 of the cutter head 14 so that the rotation is transmitted to the annular portion 21.
[0014]
Next, the operation of the above embodiment will be described.
[0015]
When the screw conveyor 10 is rotated during ground excavation, the tip ground is excavated by the cutter head 14 at the tip. During this excavation, the outermost peripheral excavation bit 11 rotates integrally with the cutter head 14 via the torque transmission member 19 to excavate the outermost peripheral portion of the excavation hole.
[0016]
When the screw conveyor 10 is moved backward during the excavation and the water stop cone 17 on the back surface of the face plate 15 of the cutter head 14 is brought into close contact with the water stop cone receiving surface 18 of the outermost peripheral excavation bit 11, the excavated earth and sand are screw conveyor. Do not enter the 10 side. Further, since the outermost peripheral excavation bit 11 at this time rotates together via the cutter head 14 and the torque transmission member 19, the rotation center of the screw conveyor 10 is always kept constant.
[0017]
When soil and sand are taken into the screw conveyor 10 side, when the screw conveyor 10 is moved forward, the water stop cone 17 of the cutter head 14 is separated from the water stop cone receiving surface 18 of the outermost peripheral excavation bit 11 in the circumferential direction. Since the earth and sand taking-in opening A is formed, the earth and sand are taken in through the opening A, and are conveyed rearward in the casing 6a by the screw conveyor 10 and carried out to the ground.
[0018]
Even in this state, the outermost peripheral excavation bit 11 is integrally rotated via the cutter head 14 and the torque transmission member 19, and the outermost peripheral excavation of the excavation hole is performed.
[0019]
Therefore, the opening degree of the earth taking-in opening A formed between the water stop cone 17 and the water stop cone receiving surface 18 can be adjusted by taking into account the amount of movement of the screw conveyor 10 forward and backward. The amount of uptake can be controlled. Moreover, when clay soil adheres to the screw conveyor 10 at the time of clay ground excavation, it can be made to peel by moving the screw conveyor 10 back and forth and giving a vibration. Further, when excavating the hard ground, if the preceding excavation is performed only with the cutter head 14 with the screw conveyor 10 being advanced and the cutter head 14 protruding forward from the outermost peripheral excavation bit 11, the hard ground can be excavated efficiently. it can.
[0020]
Of course, the cutter head device according to the present invention can be applied not only to a pipe burying excavator but also to a vertical hole excavator.
[0021]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the present invention, the screw conveyor is movable in the axial direction while rotatably supporting the outermost peripheral excavation bit at the blade edge portion with the rotation center being fixed by the bearing. A water stop cone can be provided on the back of the cutter head, and the opening of the soil intake opening formed by the distance between the water stop cone and the water stop cone receiving surface of the outermost excavation bit by moving the screw conveyor back and forth The amount of excavated sediment can be easily controlled by adjusting.
[0022]
Also, since the water stop cone of the cutter head and the water stop cone receiving surface of the outermost excavation bit rotate together, the wear amount of the water stop cone is greatly reduced, and its durability can be remarkably increased. Conventionally, expensive engineering plastics have been used as the material of the water cone from the viewpoint of wear resistance, but in the present invention, various water-resistant effects such as hard rubber are high but wear resistance is low and various use has been postponed. The material can be used, and as a result, there is an incidental effect that it is not necessary to provide a water stop auxiliary device such as a pinch valve in the middle of the screw conveyor.
[0023]
Furthermore, even when viscous soil adheres to the screw conveyor during excavation of the ground such as clay layer, vibration for peeling the adhered viscous soil can be given by the back and forth movement of the screw conveyor, and the viscous soil is easily peeled off. be able to.
[0024]
In addition, at the time of excavation of the hard ground, the screw conveyor can be advanced and the central excavation of the central portion by only the cutter head can be performed, and even the hard ground can be excavated efficiently.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing an embodiment of a cutter head device for underground excavation according to the present invention.
2 is a cross-sectional view of a main part showing a specific configuration example of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a front view of the same.
FIGS. 4A and 4B are cross-sectional views schematically showing when the excavated soil is taken in, and FIG.
5A and 5B are schematic cross-sectional views showing a conventional technique.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1,10 Screw conveyor 3,14 Cutter head 5,17 Water stop cone 6 Tip conduit 7 Cutting edge 11 Outermost peripheral excavation bit 12,21 Ring part 13,22 Bearing 18 Water stop cone receiving surface

Claims (2)

Excavate the tip ground with a cutter head attached to the tip of the screw conveyor inserted through the tip conduit
An underground excavation cutter head device for carrying out excavated earth and sand backward by the screw conveyor and excavating a hole in the ground,
The screw conveyor is rotationally driven by a rear driving means and moved back and forth over a predetermined distance,
The cutter head has a face plate fixed to the tip of the screw conveyor, and a drill bit protruding from the front surface of the face plate,
An annular part to which an outermost peripheral excavation bit for excavating the outermost peripheral part of the excavation hole is rotatably supported via a bearing at the tip of the cutting edge of the leading conduit ,
A torque transmitting member projecting from the outer periphery of the annular portion and extending forward is engaged with a notch provided in the outer periphery of the face plate so that the annular portion rotates integrally with the face plate moving back and forth. A cutter head device for underground excavation, characterized in that it is configured as follows . The outer circumferential surface of the water stop cone provided on the back surface of said face plate, disjunctive freely formed in waterproofing cone receiving surface formed on the inner peripheral surface of the annular portion,
When the screw conveyor moves forward, the water-stopping cone and the water-stopping cone receiving surface are separated to form an earth and sand intake opening,
2. The cutter head device for underground excavation according to claim 1, wherein when the screw conveyor moves backward, the water stop cone and the water stop cone receiving surface are in close contact with each other and the earth and sand intake opening is closed.

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