JP4185034B2 - Semi-dry spindle unit - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a semi-dry spindle unit attached to a machine tool for cutting and polishing.

  2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, when a metal member is cut or drilled using an apparatus such as a machine tool in which a spindle unit is incorporated, a method of processing in a semi-dry state while spraying oil mist on a processing portion has been conventionally performed. Some normal high-pressure coolant supplies several tens of liters of cutting oil per minute, but in processing using oil mist, the oil particle size is about 1 μm, which is about 5 to 20 ml per hour. This semi-dry method is often adopted because less cutting oil is required. In this semi-dry spindle unit, an oil mist supply passage is provided inside the unit, and oil mist is sprayed on the tool tip through this, or a nozzle prepared separately from the spindle unit is arranged near the tool tip. The nozzle is sprayed from the nozzle to the tool tip.

For example, in Japanese Utility Model Laid-Open No. 7-17452, a collet having a slit is fitted into the holder body, and a nut is screwed on the outside of the holder body to fix the collet. There is described a tool holder in which a nozzle disk is provided, a coolant passage is formed in the holder body, and a nozzle hole is formed in the nozzle disk. In this tool holder, the coolant supplied to the coolant passage of the holder main body passes through the slit of the collet and is ejected from the nozzle hole of the nozzle disk or the gap between the tool and the nozzle disk to the tip of the cutting blade of the tool. .
Japanese Utility Model Publication No.7-17452

  However, when the spindle unit is driven by a rotor or the like by a compressed fluid, a passage for supplying a compressed fluid for the rotor and a passage for discharging the compressed fluid must be provided, and the supply passage for these compressed fluids In addition, there is a problem that the discharge passage and the supply passage of oil mist are mixed, and the arrangement of these passages becomes complicated.

The present invention is to solve such a conventional problem, and an object of the present invention is to provide a spindle unit capable of simplifying a compressed fluid passage for a rotor and an oil mist supply passage. That is.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a spindle unit capable of simplifying a compressed fluid passage for an air motor and an oil mist supply passage.

  The above-described problems of the present invention are solved by the following means.

(1) A chuck member for gripping a tool inserted from the tip is inserted into the main shaft, and a rotor is provided on the main shaft, and is rotatably supported in the housing by bearings provided on the front and rear sides. A spindle unit provided with oil mist injection means for spraying oil mist to drive rotation , and an oil mist discharge passage for guiding the oil mist after being sprayed to the rotor to spray the tip of the tool The oil mist discharge passage is configured so that the oil mist after being sprayed on the rotor passes through the interior of the rear bearing from the rotor rotation space and passes through a through hole formed in the main shaft from the rear end. pass the front direction, further to comprising a passage communicating the tool tip direction through the gap between the chuck member and the tool Semi-dry spindle unit.

(2) A chuck member for gripping a tool inserted from the tip is inserted into the main shaft, and a rotor is provided on the main shaft, and is rotatably supported in the housing by bearings provided on the front and rear sides. A spindle unit provided with oil mist injection means for spraying oil mist to drive rotation, and an oil mist discharge passage for guiding the oil mist after being sprayed to the rotor to spray the tip of the tool The oil mist discharge passage is configured such that the oil mist after being sprayed to the rotor passes through the interior of the rear bearing from the rotor rotation space, and passes through a through hole formed in the main shaft. passes to the front end direction from, further comprising a passage communicating with drilled through-hole from the rear end of the tool tip Se Dry-type spindle unit.

(3) A chuck member for gripping a tool inserted from the tip is inserted into the output shaft, the output shaft is supported in the casing via a bearing, and further, in the casing, at the rear end of the output shaft. An oil mist provided with a connected air motor, provided with an oil mist supply passage for introducing and rotating the oil mist to the air motor, and guiding the oil mist after rotating the air motor to spray the tip of the tool A discharge passage is provided inside the spindle, and the oil mist discharge passage passes through a through hole formed in the output shaft from the rear end to the front end, and communicates with the through hole formed from the rear end to the front end of the tool. A semi-dry type spindle unit characterized by comprising: a passage that communicates with the chuck member and the tool and communicates in the tool tip direction.

In the spindle unit according to claim 1, oil mist is used as a compressed fluid for rotationally driving the rotor, and the oil mist is guided to be sprayed from the rotation space to the tip of the tool through the oil mist discharge passage. Therefore, it is not necessary to install the oil mist supply passage, the compressed air supply passage and the discharge passage for the rotor separately as in the prior art, and the material cost can be reduced by simplifying the device. It is also possible to omit complicated work.
Further, since the spindle unit blows out the oil mist from the gap between the chuck member and the tool, the oil mist can be sprayed on the tool tip relatively accurately. In addition, since the oil mist passes through the rear bearing, the lubricating effect of the rear bearing can also be obtained.

In the spindle unit according to the second aspect , since the oil mist is passed through the through hole formed from the rear end to the front end of the tool, the oil mist can be accurately sprayed on the front end of the tool.

The spindle unit according to claim 3 uses oil mist as a compressed fluid for rotating the air motor, and guides the oil mist to spray the tip of the tool. Eliminates the need to install separate compressed air supply and discharge passages for air motors, reducing material costs by simplifying the equipment, and eliminating the hassle of assembling and manufacturing Become.
Also, in the spindle unit, oil mist after rotating the air motor is guided to the tool tip through the clearance between the chuck member and the tool or through the tool's through hole, so the oil mist is sprayed accurately on the tool tip. Can do.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of the spindle unit 10. In the spindle unit 10, a chuck member 12 that holds the tool 11 inserted from the tip is inserted into the main shaft 13, and a chuck nut 14 for fastening the chuck member 12 and fixing the tool 11 is provided at the tip of the main shaft 13. It has been. The main shaft 13 is provided with a rotor 15 and is supported by bearings 16 and 17. The front bearing 16 is fixed in the front housing 18, the rear bearing 17 is fixed in the rotor housing 19, and a rotation space 20 for rotating the rotor 15 is formed between the rotor housing 19 and the main shaft 13. The The fluid stopper ring 21 and the front end portion of the first shank 22 are fitted on the outer circumference of the rotor housing 19, and the outer ring 23 is fitted on the outer circumference of the first shank 22. A connecting member 24 for connecting an oil mist supply pipe (not shown) extending from a vessel (not shown) or the like is provided. A second shank 25 is fixed to the rear end of the first shank 22, and this second shank 25 is used as a connection end for incorporating the spindle unit 10 into an apparatus (not shown) such as a machine tool.

  The rotor housing 19 has a nozzle hole 19a for ejecting oil mist, and the rotor 15 is driven to rotate by the oil mist ejected from the nozzle hole 19a. As a supply passage for introducing oil mist to the nozzle hole 19a, an annular groove 23a is provided on the inner periphery of the outer ring 23, and a hole 22a is formed in the first shank 22 so as to communicate with the annular groove 23a. An annular groove 19b and a longitudinal groove 19c communicating with the hole 22a are formed in the rotor housing 19, and an annular space 19d communicating with the longitudinal groove 19c is surrounded by the rotor housing 19 and the fluid stop ring 21. Is formed. Therefore, when oil mist is introduced from the connecting member 24, the oil mist passes through the annular groove 23a, the hole 22a, the annular groove 19b, the vertical groove 19c, and the annular space 19d in this order, and from the nozzle hole 19a toward the rotor 15. Erupted.

Next, the oil mist discharge passage for guiding the oil mist introduced into the rotating space 20 of the rotor 15 to be sprayed on the tip of the tool 11 will be described.
A through hole 18a penetrating from the rotary space 20 toward the tip of the tool 11 is formed in the front housing 18, and this through hole 18a functions as an oil mist discharge passage. That is, as shown by the arrow A, the oil mist introduced into the rotating space 20 of the rotor 15 passes through the through-hole 18a and is ejected toward the tip of the tool 11 after applying a rotational driving force to the rotor 15. It is.
As a different oil mist discharge passage, the front housing 18 is provided with a gap between the main shaft 13 and the gap and the inside of the front bearing 16 function as an oil mist discharge passage. That is, as shown by the arrow B, the oil mist introduced into the rotation space 20 passes through the bearing 16 after applying a rotational driving force to the rotor 15, and passes through the bearing 16, and from the gap between the front housing 18 and the main shaft 13. It is ejected in the tip direction.
Next, the main shaft 13 is formed in a tubular shape so as to penetrate from the rear end 13 a to the front end, and is formed so that a gap is formed between the inner peripheral surface thereof and the rear end 11 a of the tool 11. The chuck member 12 inserted and attached to the main shaft 13 has a plurality of slits formed in the axial direction, and is formed such that a gap is formed between the rear end inner periphery 12 a and the tool 11. Therefore, as shown by the arrow C, the bearing 17 passes through the interior of the bearing 17 rearward from the rotation space 20, passes through the interior from the rear end of the main shaft 13 to the front, and further, the clearance between the main shaft 13 and the tool 11 and the tool A passage through the gap between the chuck member 12 and the chuck member 12 in this order functions as an oil mist discharge passage.
If oil mist is used as a compressed fluid for rotationally driving the rotor 15 as described above, and the oil mist introduced into the rotating space 20 is guided to be blown to the tip of the tool 11 through the oil mist discharge passage, It is not necessary to install the oil mist supply passage, the compressed air supply passage and the discharge passage for the rotor 15 separately as in the conventional case, and the material cost can be reduced by simplifying the device. It is also possible to save time and labor.

Next, FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing a spindle unit 30 different from that in FIG. 1, but since many of the same components as those in FIG. 1 are employed, the same components are denoted by the same reference numerals in detail. Detailed description will be omitted as much as possible, and different configurations will be mainly described.
In the spindle unit 30 of FIG. 2, a through hole 18a is formed in the front housing 18, and a nozzle 31 is provided on the outlet side of the through hole 18a. In the nozzle 31, a nozzle tube 31a is pivotally attached to a fixed portion 31b by a ball joint, and the directing direction of the nozzle tube 31a can be freely adjusted. These through holes 18a and the nozzles 31 function as an oil mist discharge passage. That is, as indicated by the arrow A, the oil mist introduced into the rotation space 20 of the rotor 15 passes through the nozzle 31 from the through hole 18a and is ejected toward the tip of the tool 11.

In FIG. 2, the tool 32 is provided with a through hole penetrating from the rear end 32a to the front end 32b. The tool 32 is inserted so that the rear end 32a abuts against the inner peripheral surface of the main shaft 13 and no gap is formed. Further, the chuck member 33 inserted into the main shaft 13 is inserted such that a rear end inner periphery 33a abuts against the tool 32 and no gap is formed. The through hole formed in the tool 32 itself functions as an oil mist discharge passage. Therefore, as shown by the arrow C, the oil mist introduced into the rotation space 20 of the rotor 15 passes rearwardly through the bearing 17, advances forward from the rear end of the main shaft 13, and further passes through the tool 32. It passes through the through-hole formed in itself and is ejected from the tip 32b toward the cutting part of the workpiece.
In FIG. 2, as indicated by an arrow B, the gap between the front housing 18 and the main shaft 13 and the inside of the front bearing 16 function as an oil mist discharge passage as in the embodiment of FIG.

Next, FIG. 3 is a sectional view of the spindle unit 40 used when oil mist is supplied through a center through in a machining center of a machine tool. Also in the spindle unit 40 of FIG. 3, since the same components as those in FIG. 1 are adopted for many configurations, the same configurations are denoted by the same reference numerals, detailed description thereof will be omitted, and different configurations will be mainly described.
In the spindle unit 40, an abduction ring 41 is fitted on the outer periphery of the first shank 22, and a second shank 42 is fixed to the rear end of the first shank 22. An oil mist supply hole 42b is formed in the mounting hole 42a of the second shank 42 toward the front outer ring 41. On the other hand, the outer ring 41 has a vertical hole 41a extending in the axial direction and the vertical hole 41a. An annular groove 19b that communicates with the tip of the second shank 42 is formed, and the oil mist supply hole 42b of the second shank 42 and the vertical hole 41a of the outer ring 41 communicate with each other as shown in FIG.
In addition, it is preferable to provide a filter 42c in the mounting hole 42a of the second shank 42, thereby preventing intrusion of dust that has entered the center through passage of the machining.

With the configuration as described above, the oil mist supplied through the center through of the machine tool flows from the mounting hole 42a of the second shank 42 through the oil mist supply hole 42b into the vertical hole 41a of the outer ring 41, From here, the annular groove 41b, the hole 22a, the annular groove 19b, the longitudinal groove 19c, and the annular space 19d pass in this order, and are ejected from the nozzle hole 19a toward the rotor 15.
The oil mist discharge passage for guiding the oil mist from the rotating space 20 of the rotor 15 to the tip of the tool 11 is the same as that in the embodiment of FIG.

  4 is a cross-sectional view of the air motor spindle 50, and FIG. 5 is a partially enlarged cross-sectional view of FIG. In the air motor spindle 50, a chuck member 52 that grips the tool 51 inserted from the tip is inserted into the output shaft 53, and a chuck nut 54 for tightening the chuck member 52 to fix the tool 51 is provided on the output shaft 53. It is provided at the tip. The output shaft 53 is supported by a bearing 55, and the bearing 55 is fixed by a housing 57 via a bearing housing 56. A shank 58 is integrally connected to the rear of the housing 57 by a bolt 59. An air motor 62 is provided in the housing 57 and the shank 58 via an air motor housing 60, a bearing 61, and the like, and a tip 62b of the rotary shaft 62a is output. The shaft 53 is connected to the rear end 53a. A mounting hole 63 for mounting the air motor spindle 50 to the machining center of the machine tool is provided at the rear end of the shank 58. Further, the oil mist supply hole 64 is communicated from the mounting hole 63 to the internal space of the air motor 62. Is drilled.

  The output shaft 53 is a member formed in an annular shape so as to penetrate from the front end to the rear end 53a, and a connecting member 65 is inserted into the rear end 53a as shown in the enlarged view of FIG. The tip 62b of the rotating shaft 62a is fitted into the connecting member 65 and fixed. Here, the fluid passage through which the oil mist flows from the air motor 62 into the through hole of the output shaft 53 will be described. With this structure, a fluid passage is formed.

  The output shaft 53 is formed so that a gap is formed between the inner peripheral surface thereof and the rear end of the tool 51. The chuck member 52 inserted into the output shaft 53 has a plurality of slits formed in the axial direction, and is formed so that a gap is formed between the inner periphery of the rear end and the tool 51. Therefore, the oil mist that has flowed into the output shaft 53 from the rear end passes through the inside toward the front, and as indicated by the arrow A, the gap between the output shaft 53 and the tool 51, and the gap between the tool 51 and the chuck member 52. A passage that passes through the gap, the slit of the chuck member 52, and the gap between the tool 51 and the chuck nut 54 in this order functions as an oil mist discharge passage.

  The tool 51 is provided with a through hole penetrating from the rear end to the front end in the same manner as the tool 33 in FIG. 2, and this through hole functions as an oil mist discharge passage. Therefore, the oil mist that has flowed into the output shaft 53 from the rear end passes through a through-hole formed in the tool 51 itself, and is jetted from the front end toward the cutting portion of the workpiece as indicated by an arrow B.

It is sectional drawing of the spindle unit concerning one Embodiment of this invention. It is sectional drawing which shows the spindle unit different from FIG. It is sectional drawing which shows the spindle unit different from FIG.1 and FIG.2. It is sectional drawing of the air motor spindle concerning one Embodiment of this invention. It is sectional drawing which expanded FIG. 4 partially.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Spindle unit 11 Tool 12 Chuck member 13 Main shaft 15 Rotor 16 Bearing 17 Bearing 18 Front housing 18a Through hole 19a Nozzle hole 20 Rotating space 30 Spindle unit 31 Nozzle 31a Nozzle pipe 31b Fixing part 32 Tool 33 Chuck member 40 Spindle unit 50 Air motor Spindle 51 Tool 52 Chuck member 53 Output shaft 55 Bearing 62 Air motor

Claims (3)

A chuck member for gripping a tool inserted from the tip is inserted into the main shaft, and a rotor is provided on the main shaft. The main shaft is rotatably supported in the housing by bearings provided at the front and rear, and oil mist is applied to the rotor. A spindle unit having an oil mist spraying means for spraying and rotating it,
An oil mist discharge passage for guiding the oil mist after being sprayed to the rotor to be blown to the tip of the tool is provided inside the spindle,
The oil mist discharge passage passes through a through hole formed in the main shaft from the rear end toward the front end, after the oil mist after being sprayed on the rotor passes through the interior of the rear bearing from the rotor rotation space. A semi-dry spindle unit comprising a passage that passes through the gap between the chuck member and the tool and communicates in the tool tip direction. A chuck member for gripping a tool inserted from the tip is inserted into the main shaft, and a rotor is provided on the main shaft. The main shaft is rotatably supported in the housing by bearings provided at the front and rear, and oil mist is applied to the rotor. A spindle unit having an oil mist spraying means for spraying and rotating it,
An oil mist discharge passage for guiding the oil mist after being sprayed to the rotor to be blown to the tip of the tool is provided inside the spindle,
The oil mist discharge passage is configured so that the oil mist after sprayed on the rotor passes through the interior of the rear bearing from the rotor rotation space, and passes through the through hole formed in the main shaft from the rear end toward the front end. A semi-dry spindle unit comprising a passage that passes through and further communicates with a through hole formed from the rear end to the front end of the tool. A chuck member for gripping a tool inserted from the front end is inserted into the output shaft, the output shaft is supported in the casing via a bearing, and further connected to the rear end of the output shaft in the casing. An air motor is provided, an oil mist supply passage for introducing oil mist into the air motor for rotational driving is provided, and an oil mist discharge passage for guiding the oil mist after rotating the air motor to spray the tip of the tool Prepared inside the spindle,
The oil mist discharge passage passes through a through hole formed in the output shaft from the rear end to the front end and communicates with a through hole formed from the rear end to the front end of the tool, a chuck member, and a tool A semi-dry spindle unit characterized in that it includes a passage that passes through the gap between the first and second tools and communicates in the tool tip direction .

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