JP4178130B2 - Jaw crusher shock absorber - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a shock absorber for a jaw crusher. More particularly, the present invention relates to a shock absorber for a jaw crusher for absorbing excessive impact force applied to a swing jaw and protecting the jaw crusher from damage.

The basic structure of the jaw crusher is relative movement while holding the object to be crushed by the swing jaw that moves with moving teeth against the main body with fixed fixed teeth, and rubs the object with the moving teeth. It is designed to be crushed with. The width between the stationary tooth and the moving tooth, that is, the opening degree of the swing jaw can be adjusted. In the conventional jaw crusher configuration, the swing jaw is eccentrically attached to a rotating shaft provided at the upper part of the main body, and swings by the rotation of the rotating shaft.
A toggle plate abuts on the lower portion of the swing jaw in a swingable manner, and a wedge structure made up of a toggle block and a wedge block abuts on the toggle plate. To adjust the width between the stationary tooth and the moving tooth, the opening of the swing jaw is determined by moving the toggle block toward and away from the toggle plate by relatively shifting the inclined surface by the relative movement of the wedge structure. ing.

  When this adjustment is completed, the toggle block is fixed to the main body by locking the adjustment bolt. That is, in the conventional configuration, the pulling force by the tension spring and the weight of the swing jaw press the toggle block via the toggle plate, and the wedge block and the gradient block are each fixed with bolts. Since the toggle block is fixed in this state, when the swing jaw swings in the crushing operation, the toggle plate swings around the toggle block as a fulcrum, and the toggle block follows the movement of the swing jaw in the fixed state. To do.

On the other hand, a tension spring is provided between the swing jaw and the main body so that the swing jaw is not too close to the fixed tooth side and does not fall off the toggle plate, and the swing jaw is always in contact with the toggle plate. That is, the crushing force generated along with crushing is received from the swing jaw to the toggle plate, and by the toggle block and the wedge block. Further, the tension spring provided on the swing jaw only has a function of pulling the swing jaw toward the toggle plate as described above. These configurations are generally performed from the past, and are known, for example, as shown in Patent Documents 1 to 3.
Utility Model Registration No. 2589126 Japanese Patent Publication No.57-14212 JP 09-253512 A

  The jaw crusher is used, for example, in a quarry or the like, and the crushed object to be quarried sometimes contains foreign matters. This foreign matter is not a problem as long as it can be easily crushed, but if it has a high hardness, crushing becomes difficult and the jaw crusher is damaged. In this case, an impact force is applied to the jaw crusher during the crushing process, and a relatively weak portion of the jaw crusher is damaged. This damage generally occurs in members associated with swing jaw movement.

  For example, a bearing supporting a swing jaw, a toggle plate, and the like. This impact force is very large and causes an excessive crushing impact force, which stops the crushing operation of a normal jaw crusher. Conventionally, measures against such an excessive impact force have not been sufficiently taken. Conventionally, when this occurs, there has been a problem that the bearing is generally damaged or the toggle plate is broken. In this case, since the toggle block and the like are also in a locked state, a device such as a hydraulic cylinder is used to release the locked state of the toggle block and the like so as to move the swing jaw back to a free state. This stopped the crushing work of the jaw crusher and required a great deal of man-hours for repair.

  These operations require equipment such as a hydraulic device, are costly, require extremely man-hours because maintenance is extremely complicated and adjustments are performed again. In addition, if it is considered that automatic restoration is performed by an electrical measure, it becomes expensive and a new problem arises. The present invention has been conceived to solve such a conventional problem and achieves the following object.

  SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to provide a shock absorber for a jaw crusher capable of protecting the jaw crusher without damaging components even if an excessive impact force is applied to the jaw crusher. Another object of the present invention is to provide a shock absorber for a jaw crusher that has a simple configuration and can easily return to a normal crushing state even if an excessive impact force is applied to the jaw crusher.

The present invention takes the following means in order to achieve the object.
The shock absorber of the jaw crusher according to the first aspect of the present invention includes a swing jaw having a moving tooth facing a stationary tooth fixed to the main body and performing a crushing operation, a toggle plate having one end abutting against a lower end portion of the swing jaw, A toggle block that is provided on the main body and abuts against the other end of the toggle plate and is guided in the direction of the toggle plate, and is movable forward and backward, and is engaged with the toggle block provided on the main body in a wedge configuration so that the toggle block advances and retracts. In a jaw crusher that is configured to move forward and backward in a direction substantially perpendicular to the direction and that includes a wedge block that presses the toggle block toward the toggle plate,
A buffer member is provided that allows the toggle block and the wedge block to move against the friction force of the wedge structure by pressing the toggle plate against an excessive impact force at the time of crushing that acts on the swing jaw during crushing. It is characterized by that.

The shock absorber of the jaw crusher of the present invention 2 is the present invention 1,
The wedge block is a wedge block (9) that presses the toggle block, and the buffer member is a spring member (12) that is provided on the wedge block side and presses the wedge block.

The shock absorber for the jaw crusher of the present invention 3 is the present invention 1,
The wedge block is a gradient block (21) that presses the toggle block, and the buffer member is a spring member (22) that is provided on the gradient block side and presses the gradient block.

The shock absorber of the jaw crusher of the present invention 4 is the present invention 1,
The wedge block is configured to be movable and fixed in order to adjust the opening degree of the swing jaw in a direction crossing the pressing direction of the toggle plate while holding the shock absorber.

The shock absorber of the jaw crusher of the present invention 5 is the present invention 2 or 3,
The spring member is a coil spring, and is a spring that acts in an advancing and retreating direction to press the wedge block so as to project or fix the toggle block to the toggle plate side.

The shock absorber of the jaw crusher of the present invention 6 is the present invention 5,
The coil spring is configured such that the pressing force can be adjusted by a screw fastening structure.

  The shock absorber for the jaw crusher according to the present invention has a structure in which the swing jaw, the toggle plate, the toggle block, and the wedge block (wedge block) can be retracted instantaneously even if excessive shock force is applied by providing the shock absorber on the jaw crusher. As a result, each component can be protected without being damaged or broken. In addition, since the configuration is simplified, there is no work requiring man-hours even when an excessive impact force is applied, and the normal crushing state can be easily restored.

  Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a sectional view of a jaw crusher 1 to which a shock absorber according to the present invention is applied. FIG. 1 shows a single toggle type jaw crusher. Since the basic configuration of the jaw crusher 1 is conventionally known, a description of the detailed structure thereof is omitted. The crushing configuration of the jaw crusher 1 is basically composed of a stationary tooth 3 fixed to the main body 2 and a moving tooth 4 that moves relative to the stationary tooth 3.

  The moving teeth 4 are crushing teeth provided on the swing jaw 5. The swing jaw 5 is supported via a bearing 5b on a rotational drive shaft that rotates eccentrically. The swing jaw 5 is swung by the rotation of the rotary drive shaft, and the object to be crushed is crushed by the energy of the flywheel 6. One end of the toggle plate 7 is in contact with the concave portion 5a at the end of the swing jaw 5 at a lower position. The other end of the toggle plate 7 is in contact with the recess 8 a of the toggle block 8.

  The toggle block 8 is engaged with a wedge block 9 which is a wedge block to form a pair of wedges, and the toggle block 8 is guided by the frame portion 2a of the main body 2 on the toggle plate 7 side and is movable. Further, the wedge block 9 is regulated and movable by the frame portion 2b of the main body 2 in a direction substantially perpendicular to the advancing / retreating direction of the toggle block 8. The engaging portion of the toggle block 8 and the wedge block 9 has a wedge shape, and the toggle block 8 moves forward and backward along the frame portion 2a of the main body 2 toward the toggle plate 7 side by a relative movement.

The toggle plate 7 advances and retreats as the toggle block 8 moves, and pushes the swing jaw 5 toward the fixed tooth 3 side. This movement is adjusted so that the interval between the stationary tooth 3 and the moving tooth 4, that is, the interval between the crushing chambers, that is, the opening degree of the swing jaw 5 in the above expression, is in an optimum state according to the crushing conditions. Although not shown in detail, a tension spring 10 is attached between the swing jaw 5 and the main body 2. The swing jaw 5 is always pressed against the toggle plate 7 by the urging force of the tension spring 10.
A wedge block suspension bolt 11 is screwed into the wedge block 9, and the wedge block 9 is moved relative to the frame portion 2 b of the main body 2 by the wedge block suspension bolt 11. A coil spring 12 is inserted into the wedge block suspension bolt 11 as a buffer member between the frame portion 2 b of the main body 2 and the fixing bracket 13. The wedge block suspension bolt 11 also has a function of adjusting the opening degree of the swing jaw 5.

  The coil spring 12 is biased in the pressing direction so that the wedge surface is always engaged. In the case of FIG. 1, the coil spring 12 is provided above the wedge block 9. When the wedge block suspension bolt 11 is screwed in and the wedge block 9 is moved toward the frame body 2b, the toggle block 8 is guided to the frame portion 2a of the main body 2 by the wedge operation and protrudes toward the toggle plate 7 side. In this manner, the opening degree of the swing jaw 5 is adjusted by screwing the wedge block suspension bolt 11, but the wedge block 9 is always pressed against the toggle block 8 with an appropriate biasing force of the coil spring 12. Become. Normally, the swing jaw 5 operates in this state.

  In this state, when a large force is applied to the toggle block 8 in the reverse direction, the wedge block 9 moves in the reverse direction against the frictional force of the wedge due to the wedge structure, and moves against the biasing force of the coil spring 12. In the case of the figure, the wedge block 9 moves downward. The shock absorber is configured by the coil spring 12 as described above, and the jaw crusher 1 is configured as described above, and the wedge block 9 does not move when crushing is normally performed by the relative movement of the stationary tooth 3 and the moving tooth 4. The toggle plate 7 swings following the operation of the swing jaw 5.

  The width between the stationary tooth 3 and the movable tooth 4 is adjusted by the wedge motion of the toggle block 8 and the wedge block 9 as described above. When the position is determined, it is conventionally locked with a bolt, but in the configuration of the present invention, a coil spring 12 is interposed. The biasing force of the coil spring 12 does not move with a normal crushing force. If hard foreign matter is mixed in and the foreign matter is not crushed, the swing jaw 5 does not normally swing, and acts on the toggle plate 7 as an abnormal force on the toggle plate 7 side, that is, an excessive impact force.

  According to the configuration of the present invention, the toggle plate 7 that has received an excessive impact force then presses the toggle block 8 and then a force is applied to the wedge block 9 in a wedge state. A force acts on the wedge block 9 in a direction substantially perpendicular to the direction on the toggle plate 7 side, exceeding the frictional force by the component force of the inclined surface of the wedge. Since the wedge block 9 is supported by the main body 2 via the coil spring 12, the wedge block 9 moves against the urging force of the coil spring 12. By this movement, the swing jaw 5 is opened, and the excessive impact force exerted on each member such as the bearing 5b supporting the swing jaw 5 and the toggle plate 7 is alleviated.

That is, the coil spring 12 serves as a buffer member that absorbs the amount of movement. The bearing 5b or the toggle plate 7 is not subjected to a force that causes breakage, damage or the like, and the generation of the force can be avoided. This amount of movement is such an amount that the foreign matter is sandwiched between the swing jaws 5 and moves beyond the crushing operation. After the foreign matter is removed, the wedge block 9 is pushed back by the elastic force of the coil spring 12 and returns to the original position. Accordingly, the toggle block 8, the toggle plate 7, and the swing jaw 5 are returned to their original states. These return operations are automatically performed instantaneously.
Therefore, even if some foreign matter is mixed, it can be operated without worrying about the trouble of the jaw crusher 1. As a result, the jaw crusher 1 is not damaged, and maintenance for returning it is not necessary, so that it can be used effectively and stably. Next, an embodiment in which the attachment position of the coil spring 12 is changed will be described.

FIG. 2 shows an embodiment in which the coil spring 12 is attached in the downward direction of the wedge block 9. The wedge block suspension bolt 11 is provided at the same position as in FIG. 1, and the coil spring 12 extends downward from the wedge block 9 and is sandwiched between the fixing bracket 13 via the head or nut of the wedge block suspension bolt 11. The wedge block suspension bolt 11 is for adjusting the opening degree of the swing jaw 5, and directly presses the coil spring 12 against the wedge block 9 so that the toggle block 8 projects to the toggle plate 7 side via a nut. . This pressing direction is the same as in FIG. Therefore, even when an excessive impact force is generated, the operation is the same as in the case of FIG.
Next, an embodiment applied to a method of adjusting the opening degree of the swing jaw 5 by moving the components of the toggle block 8 and the wedge block 9 will be described with reference to FIG. The wedge block 9 is held by the wedge block case 14 and can move forward and backward in a direction substantially perpendicular to the direction of the toggle plate 7.

As described above, the toggle block 8 is configured to be regulated and guided by the frame portion 2a of the main body 2 on the toggle plate 7 side. An adjustment bolt 15 is slidably coupled to the wedge block case 14, and the tip of the adjustment bolt 15 protrudes upward, engages with the frame portion 2 b of the main body 2, and is fixed via a nut 16. . Therefore, the wedge block case 14 is fixed to the frame portion 2b by the nut 16 after the advance / retreat position is adjusted by the adjusting bolt 15.
On the other hand, a coil spring 12 is inserted between the wedge block case 14 and the wedge block 9 and supported by the wedge block suspension bolt 11. One end of the wedge block suspension bolt 11 is fixed to the wedge block case 14, and the other end holds the wedge block 9 via the fixing bracket 13. The wedge block 9 and the coil spring 12 are sandwiched. The wedge block 9 is movable on the wedge block suspension bolt 11 via a coil spring 12.

  When an excessive impact force is applied to the wedge block 9, the wedge block 9 is lowered against the urging force of the coil spring 12. The wedge block case 14 does not move because it is fixed to the frame 2b. Thus, also in the case of FIG. 3, when an impact force is applied as in FIGS. 1 and 2, the wedge block 9 has room to move and can absorb an abnormal impact force.

  4 to 6 show an embodiment in which the tension rod and the tension spring are engaged with the toggle block 8 although the basic configuration is the same as that of FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA in FIG. 4, and FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line BB in FIG. The toggle block 8 has a tension spring support portion 17 in addition to the above-described advance / retract wedge structure, and the tension spring support portion 17 has a hole 19 through which the tension rod 18 can pass. The tension support portions 17 are provided on both sides of the wedge surface.

  One end of the tension rod 18 is swingably supported by the swing jaw 5 and protrudes outward through the hole 19 of the toggle block 8. A tension spring 20 is provided between the other end of the tension rod 18 and the tension spring support 17. The wedge block 9 is sandwiched between the tension spring support portions 17 on both sides of the toggle block 8 and guided.

  Since the wedge block 9 is restricted with the toggle block 8, a stable wedge operation can be performed. The tension spring 20 abuts on the flat surface of the tension spring support 17 and is supported by the tension rod 18 so as to always pull the swing jaw 5 toward the toggle block 8 at a fixed position. Therefore, in the configuration of this embodiment, the toggle block 8 has functions for adjusting the opening degree of the swing jaw 5 and for drawing it.

When the position of the toggle block is determined, the toggle block 8 is fixed to the main body 2 by the gradient block 21 which is a wedge block. This fixing is performed by pulling and fixing the taper portion with the bolt 23 through the spring member 22. Conventionally, a spring is not provided. However, by providing the coil spring 22 on the gradient block 21 side in the same manner as described above, it functions as a buffer member in the same manner as the coil spring 12 applied to the wedge block 9 described above.
That is, when an excessive impact force is applied to the toggle block 8, the toggle block 8 moves momentarily in the direction opposite to the pressing direction of the toggle plate 7, but the gradient block 21 loosens against the pressing friction force of the gradient portion. The toggle block 8 can be moved by this momentary loosening. Therefore, the provision of the coil spring 22 on the gradient block 21 side has a function of avoiding the toggle block 8 against excessive impact force. Similar to the coil spring 12 applied to the wedge block 9 described above, it has a buffering function.

  The coil springs 12 and 22 installed in the wedge block 9 and the gradient block 21 are bolted and fixed. The fact that the bolts are tightened allows the degree of tightening to the wedge block 8 or the gradient block 21 to be adjusted by inserting and removing the bolts. Therefore, the adjustment corresponding to the starting stress for avoiding the excessive impact force can be set to an appropriate state. When the pressing force of the coil springs 12 and 22 is in an appropriate state, only the wedge block suspension bolt 11 and the bolt 23 are fixed to the main body 2 in a state where the coil springs 12 and 22 can be expanded and contracted.

In this embodiment, the tension-related configuration is compactly incorporated and simplified. The response to the excessive impact force is the same as in the case of FIG.
As mentioned above, although various forms were demonstrated, it cannot be overemphasized that this invention is not limited to this Embodiment.

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a jaw crusher to which a shock absorber according to the present invention is applied, and shows an embodiment in which a coil spring is disposed on an upper portion of a wedge block. FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a jaw crusher to which the shock absorber of the present invention is applied, and shows an embodiment in which a coil spring is arranged at the lower part of the wedge block. FIG. 3 is a sectional view of a jaw crusher to which the shock absorber according to the present invention is applied, and shows a form in which a wedge block is arranged in a wedge block case and a coil spring is arranged in the lower part of the wedge block. FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a jaw crusher to which the shock absorber according to the present invention is applied, and shows a configuration in which the configuration of a tension-related member is provided in the configuration of FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA in FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line BB in FIG.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Jaw crusher 2 ... Main body 3 ... Fixed tooth 4 ... Moving tooth 5 ... Swing jaw 7 ... Toggle plate 8 ... Toggle block 9 ... Wedge block (wedge block)
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 11 ... Wedge block suspension bolt 12 ... Coil spring 13 ... Fixing metal fitting 14 ... Wedge block case 21 ... Gradient block (wedge block)

Claims (6)

A swing jaw (5) having a moving tooth opposite to a fixed tooth fixed to the main body and performing a crushing operation;
A toggle plate (7) whose one end abuts against the lower end of the swing jaw;
A toggle block (8) that is provided on the main body and is in contact with the other end of the toggle plate and is guided in the direction of the toggle plate to move forward and backward;
A wedge block (9, 21) which is provided on the main body and engages with the toggle block in a wedge configuration so as to move forward and backward in a direction substantially perpendicular to the forward / backward direction of the toggle block and presses the toggle block toward the toggle plate. In the jaw crusher consisting of
A buffer that allows the toggle block and the wedge block to move against the friction force of the wedge structure by pressing the toggle plate and the toggle block against an excessive impact force at the time of crushing that acts on the swing jaw at the time of crushing Jaw crusher shock absorber characterized in that members (12, 22) are provided. The jaw crusher shock absorber according to claim 1,
The wedge block is a wedge block (9) that presses the toggle block, and the buffer member is a spring member (12) that is provided on the wedge block side and presses the wedge block. Crusher shock absorber. The jaw crusher shock absorber according to claim 1,
The wedge block is a gradient block (21) that presses the toggle block, and the buffer member is a spring member (22) that is provided on the gradient block side and presses the gradient block. Crusher shock absorber. The jaw crusher shock absorber according to claim 1,
The wedge crusher is configured to be movable and fixed in order to adjust the opening degree of the swing jaw in a direction crossing the pressing direction of the toggle plate while holding the shock absorber. apparatus. In the jaw crusher shock absorber according to claim 2 or 3,
The shock absorber for a jaw crusher, wherein the spring member is a coil spring, and is a spring that acts in an advancing and retreating direction to press the wedge block so as to project or fix the toggle block to the toggle plate side. . The jaw crusher shock absorber according to claim 5,
A shock absorber for a jaw crusher, wherein the coil spring has a structure in which a pressing force can be adjusted by a screw fastening structure.

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