JP4176675B2 - Lightning arrestor - Google Patents
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- JP4176675B2 JP4176675B2 JP2004155235A JP2004155235A JP4176675B2 JP 4176675 B2 JP4176675 B2 JP 4176675B2 JP 2004155235 A JP2004155235 A JP 2004155235A JP 2004155235 A JP2004155235 A JP 2004155235A JP 4176675 B2 JP4176675 B2 JP 4176675B2
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Description
本発明は、電源回路などの電路に接続された電気機器を雷サージなどの異常電流から保護する避雷器に関する。 The present invention relates to a lightning arrester that protects an electrical device connected to an electric circuit such as a power supply circuit from an abnormal current such as a lightning surge.
電源回路や通信回路において使用される避雷器は、電路間や、電路と大地との間に接続した避雷素子を備える。避雷器、特にギャップレス避雷器においては、度重なる雷サージの到来や、長期間にわたる使用によって、その避雷素子に特性劣化を生じる。特性が劣化し、素子の漏れ電流が増大して素子の発熱が生じると、熱暴走し、避雷器の損壊に至るおそれがある。 A lightning arrester used in a power supply circuit or a communication circuit includes a lightning arrester connected between electric circuits or between an electric circuit and the ground. In a lightning arrester, especially a gapless lightning arrester, the characteristics of the lightning arrester are deteriorated due to repeated lightning surges and long-term use. When the characteristics deteriorate and the leakage current of the element increases and the element generates heat, thermal runaway may occur and the lightning arrester may be damaged.
このようなおそれを解消するために、たとえば避雷素子に対するサージ印加回数を計測し、その回数に応じて劣化の度合いを表示したり、回数が所定数に達すると寿命終了と判断して警報を発しさせたりすることが行われている。また、避雷素子の漏れ電流を検出することによってその劣化を検出し、さらに漏れ電流で発光ダイオードを発光させて劣化発生を表示することも行われている(例えば、特許文献1を参照)。
避雷素子の放電回数は、サージ電流をトランスなどで検出しカウンターでカウントすることで容易に計測でき、カウンターのカウント値に基づいてリレーを作動させて警報を出力することが容易にできるが、トランスやカウンター、出力用リレーなどのために避雷器全体が大形化し、高価になる。また、避雷素子は、所定の放電回数まで放電しない内に大きなサージ電流で破損すると、カウンターが停止して警報機能が発揮できなくなることがある。また、避雷素子の漏れ電流で劣化を監視する避雷器においても、大きなサージ電流が流れて破損すると漏れ電流が流れず、避雷素子の劣化の表示や警報の機能が発揮できなくなるという不具合がある。 The number of discharges of the lightning arrester can be easily measured by detecting the surge current with a transformer and counting it with a counter, and it is easy to operate the relay based on the counter count value and output an alarm. As a result, the entire lightning arrester becomes large and expensive due to the use of a relay, counter, and output relay. Further, if the lightning protection element is damaged by a large surge current while not being discharged until a predetermined number of times of discharge, the counter may stop and the alarm function may not be exhibited. Further, even in a lightning arrester that monitors the deterioration with the leakage current of the lightning arrester, there is a problem that when a large surge current flows and breaks, the leakage current does not flow, and the lightning arrester deterioration display and alarm functions cannot be exhibited.
本発明は、かかる実情に鑑みなされたもので、避雷素子の劣化や破損時に避雷素子を確実に電路から切り離すと共に、劣化や破損の発生の表示と警報を行うことができる、信頼度の高い避雷器を提供することを目的とする。 The present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and is a highly reliable lightning arrester capable of reliably separating the lightning arrester from the electric circuit when the lightning arrester is deteriorated or damaged, and capable of displaying and alarming the occurrence of the deterioration or damage. The purpose is to provide.
本発明は、三相電源回路用の電源線の各電路間と、この各電路と接地端子との間にそれぞれ接続した複数の避雷素子を組み込んだ避雷器で、前記避雷素子をその劣化または破損時に溶断して電路から切り離すヒューズを有する3組の切離し回路を前記電源線に介挿し、この切離し回路を介して前記電路間に接続された、前記避雷素子異常の有無を表示する表示灯を点灯させる2組の表示回路を具備し、前記2組の表示回路それぞれに、前記表示灯への点灯電流の供給に応じて発光・受光の動作をして出力するフォトカプラを直列接続し、この2組のフォトカプラの出力信号を外部に送信する3本の通信線を備えた共通の1組の出力回路の前記3本の通信線のうちの1本を前記2組のフォトカプラの一方の出力端子に接続し、前記3本の通信線の残り2本を前記2組のフォトカプラの他方の各出力端子に分けて接続したことにより、上記目的を達成するものである。 The present invention is a lightning arrester incorporating a plurality of lightning arresters connected between power lines of a power line for a three-phase power supply circuit and between each of the power lines and a ground terminal, and the lightning arrester is deteriorated or damaged. Three sets of disconnecting circuits having fuses that are fused and disconnected from the electric circuit are inserted into the power supply line, and an indicator lamp that is connected between the electric circuits via the disconnecting circuit and that indicates the presence or absence of the lightning protection element abnormality is turned on. Two sets of display circuits are provided, and each of the two sets of display circuits is connected in series with a photocoupler that emits light and receives light in response to the supply of a lighting current to the indicator lamp. One output terminal of the two sets of photocouplers is connected to one of the three communication lines of a common set of output circuits having three communication lines for transmitting the output signals of the photocouplers to the outside. Connected to the three communication lines By connecting separately the remaining two of the other of the output terminals of the two pairs of photo couplers, is to achieve the above object.
ここで、電路は三相電源回路や単相電源回路の電源線や接地線、通信回路などの電線、接地線で、三相電源線間や単相電源線間、電源線と対地との間に避雷素子が接続され、避雷素子近くの電路の各々に切り離し回路が介挿される。切離し回路のヒューズは、比較的小さな避雷素子の劣化電流の発熱によって溶断する温度ヒューズと、雷サージのような比較的大きな異常電流で溶断する電流ヒューズのいずれか一方または両方が適用できる。表示回路の表示灯は、例えば数mAの低電流で高輝度点灯する発光ダイオードで、この発光ダイオードに保護ダイオード、保護抵抗などを直列接続して表示回路を構成する。この表示回路においては、切離し回路のヒューズが溶断していない平常時には電路から保護ダイオードまたは保護抵抗を通して電流が発光ダイオードに流れてこの発光ダイオードが発光し、避雷素子が正常であることを表示する。この表示回路に、フォトカプラと出力回路を接続する。 Here, the electric circuit is a power line or ground line of a three-phase power circuit or a single-phase power circuit, a wire such as a communication circuit, or a ground line, between three-phase power lines, between single-phase power lines, between a power line and the ground. A lightning protection element is connected to each other, and a disconnection circuit is inserted in each of the electric circuits near the lightning protection element. As the fuse of the disconnection circuit, one or both of a temperature fuse that is blown by heat generation of a deterioration current of a relatively small lightning arrester and a current fuse that is blown by a relatively large abnormal current such as a lightning surge can be applied. The display lamp of the display circuit is a light emitting diode that emits light with high current at a low current of several mA, for example, and a protective diode, a protective resistor, and the like are connected in series to the light emitting diode to constitute a display circuit. In this display circuit, during normal times when the fuse of the disconnect circuit is not blown, a current flows from the electric circuit to the light emitting diode through the protective diode or protective resistor, and the light emitting diode emits light, thereby indicating that the lightning protection element is normal. A photocoupler and an output circuit are connected to this display circuit.
フォトカプラは、発光素子たとえば発光ダイオードと受光素子としてのフォトトランジスタを備えたフォトカプラに限らず、発光ダイオードと光起電力素子およびMOS型トランジスタを備えたフォトモスリレーやフォトサイリスタなどの低電流で作動する半導体装置を含む。このフォトカプラの発光素子は、表示回路の表示用発光ダイオードと同様に避雷素子が正常時に点灯し、避雷素子が所定のレベルを超えて劣化したり破損した異常時に消灯する。この消灯によって避雷素子が異常な状態となったことを報知するための警報信号として出力回路に出力する。出力回路は、遠隔地の監視制御部に避雷素子正常か否かの信号を伝送するための複数の通信線に出力端子を接続した簡単な回路で構成できる。また、フォトカプラと出力回路を表示回路に接続することで、表示回路と同じ低電圧、低電流で駆動する回路構成とすることができ、回路の簡略化、低コスト設計が容易となる。 The photocoupler is not limited to a photocoupler provided with a light emitting element, for example, a light emitting diode and a phototransistor as a light receiving element, but with a low current such as a photomoss relay or a photothyristor provided with a light emitting diode, a photovoltaic element, and a MOS transistor. Includes semiconductor devices that operate. The light-emitting element of the photocoupler is turned on when the lightning protection element is normal, similarly to the display light-emitting diode of the display circuit, and is turned off when the lightning protection element deteriorates beyond a predetermined level or is damaged. As a warning signal for notifying that the lightning protection element is in an abnormal state due to the extinguishing of the lightning, it is output to the output circuit. The output circuit can be configured by a simple circuit in which output terminals are connected to a plurality of communication lines for transmitting a signal indicating whether or not the lightning protection element is normal to a remote monitoring control unit. Further, by connecting the photocoupler and the output circuit to the display circuit, it is possible to achieve a circuit configuration that is driven with the same low voltage and low current as the display circuit, and simplification of the circuit and low-cost design are facilitated.
本発明においては、切離し回路を、避雷素子の劣化による発熱で溶断する温度ヒューズと、避雷素子のサージ耐量を超え、それを破損させる大きさの異常電流で溶断する電流ヒューズの直列回路とすることができる。電路が三相電源回路のような比較的大きな異常電流(雷サージ電流など)が流れる電力系のものである場合に、切離し回路に温度ヒューズと電流ヒューズを直列に接続して、大きな異常電流が到来したときには電流ヒューズを確実に溶断させて避雷素子を電路から切り離し、電流ヒューズが溶断しない程度の特性劣化による漏れ電流で避雷素子が発熱すると温度ヒューズを溶断させて避雷素子を電路から切り離すようにすることで、サージ電流や漏れ電流にも確実性よく対処できる避雷器が実現できる。 In the present invention, the disconnecting circuit is a series circuit of a temperature fuse that is blown by heat generation due to deterioration of the lightning arrester and a current fuse that is blown by an abnormal current that exceeds the surge resistance of the lightning arrester and is damaged. Can do. If the circuit is a power system with a relatively large abnormal current (such as a lightning surge current) such as a three-phase power circuit, connect a temperature fuse and a current fuse in series to the disconnect circuit to generate a large abnormal current. When it arrives, the current fuse is surely blown to disconnect the lightning protection element from the circuit, and when the lightning protection element generates heat due to the leakage current due to the characteristic deterioration that does not cause the current fuse to blow, the temperature fuse is blown to disconnect the lightning protection element from the circuit. By doing so, it is possible to realize a lightning arrester that can reliably cope with surge current and leakage current.
また、本発明においては、出力回路の通信線間に、この通信線に外部の監視制御部などから侵入する異常電流を放電するサージ吸収素子を設置することができる。このサージ吸収素子は、電路間や電路と対地間に接続される避雷素子と同じもので、ここでは両者を明確に区別するために呼び方を異ならせている。出力回路の通信線間にサージ吸収素子を接続することで、通信線を通して到来する異常電流からフォトカプラ、表示回路が保護され、フォトカプラと表示回路の動作を安定したものにする。 In the present invention, a surge absorbing element that discharges an abnormal current that enters the communication line from an external monitoring control unit or the like can be installed between the communication lines of the output circuit. This surge absorbing element is the same as a lightning protection element connected between electric circuits or between an electric circuit and the ground, and is called differently here in order to clearly distinguish them. By connecting a surge absorbing element between the communication lines of the output circuit, the photocoupler and the display circuit are protected from an abnormal current coming through the communication line, and the operation of the photocoupler and the display circuit is stabilized.
また、本発明においては、フォトカプラと出力回路を1つの基板に実装して1つの独立した第1の回路ユニットを構成し、さらに、電路間に接続される避雷素子と切離し回路と表示回路を別の1つの基板に実装して第2の回路ユニットを構成し、これら第1と第2の回路ユニットを上下二段に連結し配線して1つの基板ユニットを構成した状態で、避雷器に組み込むことができる。 In the present invention, the photocoupler and the output circuit are mounted on one substrate to constitute one independent first circuit unit, and further, the lightning protection element, the disconnecting circuit and the display circuit connected between the electric circuits are provided. A second circuit unit is configured by mounting on another board, and the first and second circuit units are connected in two upper and lower stages and wired to form one board unit, which is incorporated into a lightning arrester. be able to.
このようにフォトカプラと出力回路を1つの基板に実装した第1の回路ユニットは、独立した単品として製造組立ができ、単品として他の種類の電路への用途変更が可能である。また、第1と第2の回路ユニットを上下二段に連結し配線して一体化することで、避雷器全体をコンパクトにすることができ、1つのコンパクトな絶縁性外装ケースに収納することが容易になる。この場合の絶縁性外装ケースは、電路との配線用端子台を含む複数種類の端子台を一体に有するコンパクトケースが適用できる。 As described above, the first circuit unit in which the photocoupler and the output circuit are mounted on one substrate can be manufactured and assembled as an independent single product, and can be changed to other types of electric circuits as a single product. In addition, by connecting the first and second circuit units in two upper and lower stages and wiring them together, the entire lightning arrester can be made compact and easy to store in one compact insulating outer case. become. As the insulating outer case in this case, a compact case integrally having a plurality of types of terminal blocks including a terminal block for wiring with the electric circuit can be applied.
本発明によれば、電路間や電路と対地との間に設置する避雷素子の劣化や破損の有無を表示する表示回路に、外部に避雷素子正常か否かを示す信号を出力するためのフォトカプラと出力回路とを接続したので、フォトカプラと出力回路を表示回路と同じ低電圧、低電流で駆動する回路部品で構成できて、ヒューズによる劣化切離し信号検出機能と異常警報出力機能付き避雷器全体の回路の簡略化、低コスト設計が可能となる優れた効果がある。また、雷サージなどで避雷素子が瞬間的に破損しても、この破損時にヒューズが溶断して避雷素子を確実に電路から切り離し、表示回路とフォトカプラを確実に動作停止させるので、随時に常に安定した避雷素子正常の有無表示と、避雷素子破損の異常発生警報出力を行うことができて、信頼度の高い避雷器が提供できる。 According to the present invention, a photo for outputting a signal indicating whether or not a lightning arrester is normal to a display circuit that displays the presence or absence of deterioration or damage of a lightning arrester installed between electric circuits or between an electric circuit and the ground. Because the coupler and output circuit are connected, the photocoupler and output circuit can be configured with circuit components that drive at the same low voltage and low current as the display circuit. There is an excellent effect that simplification of the circuit and low-cost design are possible. In addition, even if the lightning arrester is momentarily damaged due to lightning surge, etc., the fuse blows and breaks the lightning arrester reliably from the electric circuit, and the display circuit and the photocoupler are reliably stopped. It is possible to provide stable lightning arrester normality presence / absence indications and to output lightning failure alarms, and to provide a highly reliable lightning arrester.
以下、本発明の実施の形態を、図1〜図5を参照して説明する。 Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.
図1(A)は、三相AC電源回路のU相電源線La、V相電源線Lb、W相電源線Lcの各電路間と、この各電路と接地端子Eとの間にそれぞれ接続した複数の避雷素子2(図示せず)を組み込んだ避雷器1の概要を示す回路図である。図2及び図3は、図1(A)の避雷器1を2枚の基板に実装して組み付けた基板ユニット20の斜視図で、符号2が避雷素子である。また、図4及び図5は、基板ユニット20を1つの絶縁性外装ケース30に収納した避雷器の外観例を示す図である。 FIG. 1A shows a connection between each circuit of the U-phase power supply line La, V-phase power supply line Lb, and W-phase power supply line Lc of the three-phase AC power supply circuit, and between each circuit and the ground terminal E. It is a circuit diagram which shows the outline | summary of the lightning arrester 1 incorporating the some lightning arrester 2 (not shown). 2 and 3 are perspective views of the board unit 20 in which the lightning arrester 1 of FIG. 1A is mounted and assembled on two boards, and reference numeral 2 denotes a lightning arrester. 4 and 5 are diagrams showing an example of the appearance of a lightning arrester in which the board unit 20 is housed in one insulating outer case 30. FIG.
図1(A)に示す避雷器1は、各電源線La、Lb、Lcに介挿したヒューズFを有する3組の切離し回路3と、電源線間に接続した2組の表示回路4−1、4−2を備える。なお、図1(A)に図示するヒューズFは1つであるが、三相電源回路用の避雷器1の場合は、図1(B)に示すように電流ヒューズFaと温度ヒューズFbの2種類を直列接続して切離し回路3を形成することが望ましい。なお、避雷素子2に流れる異常電流レベルが低い用途の他の電源回路や通信回路においては、避雷素子2が損壊するおそれがきわめて少ないことから、電流ヒューズFaを省略して温度ヒューズFbのみで切離し回路3を形成してもよい。 The lightning arrester 1 shown in FIG. 1A includes three sets of disconnecting circuits 3 having fuses F inserted in the power supply lines La, Lb, and Lc, and two sets of display circuits 4-1 connected between the power supply lines, 4-2. 1A shows only one fuse F. In the case of the lightning arrester 1 for a three-phase power supply circuit, as shown in FIG. 1B, there are two types of fuses, a current fuse Fa and a thermal fuse Fb. Are preferably connected in series to form the disconnect circuit 3. In other power supply circuits and communication circuits where the abnormal current level flowing through the lightning arrester 2 is low, the lightning arrester 2 is very unlikely to be damaged, so the current fuse Fa is omitted and only the thermal fuse Fb is disconnected. The circuit 3 may be formed.
図1(A)の表示回路4−1、4−2は、表示用発光ダイオード(以下、LEDと称する)と保護ダイオードD、保護抵抗R、平滑コンデンサCの直列回路で、電路間の電圧が抵抗R、保護ダイオードDなどで分圧された低電圧による低電流でLEDが点灯する。避雷素子が問題となるレベルまで劣化せず、ヒューズFが動作しない正常な状態にあるとき、LEDが点灯して正常である表示が行われる。 The display circuits 4-1 and 4-2 in FIG. 1A are series circuits of a display light emitting diode (hereinafter referred to as LED), a protection diode D, a protection resistor R, and a smoothing capacitor C. The LED is lit with a low current due to the low voltage divided by the resistor R, the protective diode D, and the like. When the lightning protection element is not deteriorated to a problem level and the fuse F is in a normal state where it does not operate, the LED is turned on and a normal display is performed.
図1(A)の避雷器1は、2組の表示回路4−1、4−2のそれぞれにフォトカプラ5−1、5−2を直列接続し、この2組のフォトカプラ5−1、5−2に共通の1組の出力回路6を直列接続して構成される。2組の各フォトカプラ5−1、5−2は、それぞれ発光素子としての発光ダイオード5aと、その発光を受光して出力する受光素子としてのフォトトランジスタ5bとが光結合して構成される。発光ダイオード5aを平滑コンデンサCにそれぞれ並列接続して、フォトカプラ5−1、5−2を表示回路4−1、4−2に直列接続する。出力回路6は、2組の各フォトカプラ5−1、5−2のフォトトランジスタ5bからの出力信号を外部の監視制御部8に送信する3本の通信線L1、L2、L3を備える。各通信線L1、L2、L3にはそれぞれ抵抗R’が介挿され、先端に出力端子7−1、7−2、7−3を備える。また、1本の通信線L2が2組のフォトカプラ5−1、5−2の一方の出力端に接続され、残り2本の通信線L1、L3が2組のフォトカプラ5−1、5−2の他方の各出力端に分けて接続される。各通信線L1、L2、L3の線間に、双方向性シリコンサージ防護素子9−1、9−2とガス封入3極避雷管10が接続される。この例ではシリコンサージ防護素子9−1、9−2を通信線L1、L2間と、通信線L1、L3間にそれぞれ挿入しているが、さらに通信線L2、L3間に挿入付加することも有効である。 In the lightning arrester 1 of FIG. 1A, photocouplers 5-1 and 5-2 are connected in series to two sets of display circuits 4-1 and 4-2, and the two sets of photocouplers 5-1 and 5-2. -2 and a common set of output circuits 6 are connected in series. Each of the two sets of photocouplers 5-1 and 5-2 is configured by optically coupling a light emitting diode 5 a as a light emitting element and a phototransistor 5 b as a light receiving element that receives and outputs the emitted light. The light emitting diode 5a is connected in parallel to the smoothing capacitor C, and the photocouplers 5-1 and 5-2 are connected in series to the display circuits 4-1 and 4-2. The output circuit 6 includes three communication lines L1, L2, and L3 that transmit output signals from the phototransistors 5b of the two sets of photocouplers 5-1 and 5-2 to the external monitoring control unit 8. Each of the communication lines L1, L2, and L3 is inserted with a resistor R ′, and includes output terminals 7-1, 7-2, and 7-3 at the ends. One communication line L2 is connected to one output terminal of two sets of photocouplers 5-1, 5-2, and the remaining two communication lines L1, L3 are connected to two sets of photocouplers 5-1, 5-2. -2 are connected separately to the other output terminals. Bidirectional silicon surge protection elements 9-1 and 9-2 and a gas-filled triode arrester 10 are connected between the communication lines L1, L2, and L3. In this example, the silicon surge protection elements 9-1 and 9-2 are inserted between the communication lines L1 and L2 and between the communication lines L1 and L3, respectively, but may be inserted between the communication lines L2 and L3. It is valid.
次に、上記回路構成の避雷器1を、たとえば三相電源線に適用したときの動作について説明する。この場合には、避雷器1の正常または異常の状態を示す出力は、通信線L3、L1間に得られる。 Next, an operation when the lightning arrester 1 having the above circuit configuration is applied to, for example, a three-phase power supply line will be described. In this case, an output indicating a normal or abnormal state of the lightning arrester 1 is obtained between the communication lines L3 and L1.
三相の電源線La、Lb、Lcのいずれにもサージ電流の侵入がなく、また、避雷素子2が劣化をしていない平常の状態においては、電源線La、Lb、Lcのそれぞれに接続された各ヒューズFが溶断動作せず、2組の表示回路4においてそれぞれの平滑コンデンサC、保護抵抗Rおよび保護ダイオードDを通してLEDに電流が流れ、LEDが点灯して、避雷器1が正常な状態であることを表示する。このとき、平滑コンデンサCが充電されるので、それぞれに並列接続されたフォトカプラ5−1、5−2の各発光ダイオード5aが通電して、発光する。発光ダイオード5aの発光によって、それぞれに光結合されたフォトトランジスタ5bが導通し、出力回路6の端子7−3、7−1間がオン状態となって、避雷素子2が正常であることを示す出力信号が得られ、それが通信線L3、L1を通して監視制御部8に伝送される。 In a normal state where no surge current enters any of the three-phase power supply lines La, Lb, and Lc, and the lightning protection element 2 is not deteriorated, it is connected to each of the power supply lines La, Lb, and Lc. In addition, the fuses F are not blown and current flows to the LEDs through the smoothing capacitors C, the protective resistors R, and the protective diodes D in the two sets of display circuits 4, the LEDs are lit, and the lightning arrester 1 is in a normal state. Display that there is. At this time, since the smoothing capacitor C is charged, the light emitting diodes 5a of the photocouplers 5-1 and 5-2 connected in parallel to each other are energized to emit light. The phototransistor 5b optically coupled to each other is turned on by the light emission of the light emitting diode 5a, and the terminals 7-3 and 7-1 of the output circuit 6 are turned on, indicating that the lightning protection element 2 is normal. An output signal is obtained and transmitted to the monitoring control unit 8 through the communication lines L3 and L1.
電源線La、Lb、Lcのいずれか、たとえば電源線Laに雷サージが侵入し、避雷素子2のうちの対応する素子に耐量を超える過大電流が流れてヒューズFの少なくとも一つが溶断すると、電源線Lb、La間が電気的に切り離されて表示回路4−1への通電が断たれ、そのLEDが消灯する。これによって、避雷素子2に損壊が生じ、またはそれが機能しない状態であることを表示する。表示回路4−1への通電が停止すると、この回路中の平滑コンデンサCの充電がされなくなり、フォトカプラ5−1の発光ダイオード5aへの電流供給が止まる。これによって、発光ダイオード5aが消灯し、それに光結合したフォトトランジスタ5bがオフとなり、出力回路6の出力端子7−3、7−1間がオフとなって、通信線L3、L1に避雷素子2が異常状態であることを示す出力信号が得られ、監視制御部8にそれが送られる。 When a lightning surge enters one of the power supply lines La, Lb, Lc, for example, the power supply line La, an excessive current exceeding the withstand current flows in the corresponding element of the lightning protection element 2, and at least one of the fuses F is blown. The lines Lb and La are electrically disconnected, the power supply to the display circuit 4-1 is cut off, and the LED is turned off. Thereby, it is displayed that the lightning protection element 2 is damaged or is not functioning. When the energization of the display circuit 4-1 is stopped, the smoothing capacitor C in the circuit is not charged, and the current supply to the light emitting diode 5a of the photocoupler 5-1 is stopped. As a result, the light emitting diode 5a is turned off, the phototransistor 5b optically coupled thereto is turned off, the output terminals 7-3 and 7-1 of the output circuit 6 are turned off, and the lightning protection element 2 is connected to the communication lines L3 and L1. An output signal indicating that is in an abnormal state is obtained and sent to the monitoring control unit 8.
避雷素子2において、電源線Lbに接続された素子に異常が生じたときには、表示回路4−1、4−2がオフ状態になることから、フォトカプラ5−1、5−2がオフして、通信線L3、L1間に、異常状態となったことを表す出力信号が発生する。また、電源線Lcに接続された避雷素子に故障が生じたときには、フォトカプラ5−2がオフとなり、異常発生を示す警報信号が通信線L3、L1を通して監視制御部8に送られる。 In the lightning protection element 2, when an abnormality occurs in the element connected to the power supply line Lb, the display circuits 4-1 and 4-2 are turned off, so that the photocouplers 5-1 and 5-2 are turned off. An output signal indicating that an abnormal state has occurred is generated between the communication lines L3 and L1. Further, when a failure occurs in the lightning arrester connected to the power supply line Lc, the photocoupler 5-2 is turned off, and an alarm signal indicating the occurrence of an abnormality is sent to the monitoring control unit 8 through the communication lines L3 and L1.
無論、ヒューズFとして温度ヒューズ単独で、またはそれを電流ヒューズと直列に接続して使用した場合には、避雷素子1の特性劣化による発熱を検知し、その表面温度が設定値に達すると、温度ヒューズが溶断して、劣化避雷素子を電源線から切り離す。これにより、表示回路4−1、4−2の対応するいずれか一方、または両方がオフとなるため、上述と同様にして通信線L3、L1間に異常状態であることを示す出力信号が発生する。 Of course, when the fuse F is used alone or connected in series with the current fuse, heat generation due to deterioration of the characteristics of the lightning protection element 1 is detected, and when the surface temperature reaches the set value, The fuse is blown, and the deteriorated lightning arrester is disconnected from the power line. As a result, one or both of the corresponding display circuits 4-1 and 4-2 are turned off, and an output signal indicating an abnormal state is generated between the communication lines L3 and L1 in the same manner as described above. To do.
また、電源線La、Lbを使用して単相で電力供給を行う場合においては、表示回路4−1のLEDの点灯または消灯で正常状態かまたは異常状態が発生したかを表示する。さらにそれに対応してフォトカプラ5−1がオン、またはオフとなり、出力回路6の出力端子7−2、7−1間に正常または異常を示す出力信号が発生し、通信線L2、L1を通して監視制御部8にその出力信号が送信される。 In addition, when power is supplied in a single phase using the power supply lines La and Lb, whether the LED of the display circuit 4-1 is turned on or off indicates whether a normal state or an abnormal state has occurred. In response to this, the photocoupler 5-1 is turned on or off, and an output signal indicating normality or abnormality is generated between the output terminals 7-2 and 7-1 of the output circuit 6, and is monitored through the communication lines L2 and L1. The output signal is transmitted to the control unit 8.
ところで、この装置において通信線L1、L2、L3を通して避雷素子2の正常または異常の状態を監視制御部8に遠隔的に伝送する構成とすることによって、これら通信線L1、L2、L3を通してサージが到来するおそれがある。このサージに対しては、出力回路6における双方向性シリコンサージ防護素子9−1またはサージ防護素子9−2とガス封入3極避雷管10とが導通し、フォトカプラ5−1、5−2をサージから防護し、さらには電源線La、Lb、Lcへの影響波及を実質的に阻止する。 By the way, in this apparatus, by adopting a configuration in which the normal or abnormal state of the lightning protection element 2 is remotely transmitted to the monitoring control unit 8 through the communication lines L1, L2, and L3, a surge is transmitted through these communication lines L1, L2, and L3. There is a risk of arrival. In response to this surge, the bidirectional silicon surge protection element 9-1 or surge protection element 9-2 in the output circuit 6 and the gas-filled triode arrester 10 are electrically connected, and the photocouplers 5-1, 5-2. Is protected from surge, and further, the influence on the power supply lines La, Lb, and Lc is substantially prevented.
上記回路構成の避雷器1は、例えば図2及び図3に示すような基板ユニット20の構造で製造組立すればよい。基板ユニット20は、2組のフォトカプラ5と出力回路6を第1の基板11に実装した第1の回路ユニット21と、3組の切離し回路3と2組の表示回路4を第2の基板12に実装した第2の回路ユニット22を上下2段に連結して一体化したものである。2枚の基板11、12はプリント配線基板で、第1の基板11の図2で下面にフォトカプラ5と出力回路部品が実装され、第2の基板12の図2で上面に一対のLEDが実装され下面にヒューズFとLEDを除く表示回路部品が実装される。2枚の基板11、12は、複数本の配線用支柱部13で連結されて、所定の間隔で平行に対向する。第2の基板12の上面に突出する一対のLEDは、第1の基板11の上面から突出する。第2の基板12の下面に図3に示すようにヒューズFと避雷素子2が配置される。 The lightning arrester 1 having the above circuit configuration may be manufactured and assembled with the structure of the substrate unit 20 as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, for example. The substrate unit 20 includes a first circuit unit 21 in which two sets of photocouplers 5 and an output circuit 6 are mounted on a first substrate 11, three sets of separation circuits 3, and two sets of display circuits 4 as a second substrate. 12, the second circuit unit 22 mounted on 12 is integrated by connecting it in two upper and lower stages. The two substrates 11 and 12 are printed wiring boards, the photocoupler 5 and the output circuit components are mounted on the lower surface of the first substrate 11 in FIG. 2, and a pair of LEDs are mounted on the upper surface of the second substrate 12 in FIG. The display circuit components except the fuse F and the LED are mounted on the lower surface. The two substrates 11 and 12 are connected by a plurality of wiring support columns 13 and face each other in parallel at a predetermined interval. The pair of LEDs protruding from the upper surface of the second substrate 12 protrudes from the upper surface of the first substrate 11. As shown in FIG. 3, the fuse F and the lightning arrester 2 are disposed on the lower surface of the second substrate 12.
図3に示す複数の避雷素子2は円盤状のアレスタ素子の他、矩形箱形の放電ギャップ素子を含む。第2の基板12に円盤状の避雷素子2は、基板12に対して略垂直な縦置き仕様で設置される。ヒューズFは、直管形ガラス管にヒューズ要素を挿通してガラス管両端を金属キャップで封止した電流ヒューズFaと、ヒューズ要素を樹脂で封止した温度ヒューズFbの2種で、いずれも第2の基板12に縦置き仕様で設置される。温度ヒューズFbを円盤状の避雷素子2に接触または近接させて設置して、避雷素子2の劣化による発熱で温度ヒューズFbが正確に応答するようにしてある。 The plurality of lightning protection elements 2 shown in FIG. 3 include a rectangular box-shaped discharge gap element in addition to a disk-shaped arrester element. The disc-shaped lightning protection element 2 is installed on the second substrate 12 in a vertically placed specification substantially perpendicular to the substrate 12. There are two types of fuses F: a current fuse Fa in which a fuse element is inserted into a straight glass tube and both ends of the glass tube are sealed with metal caps, and a thermal fuse Fb in which the fuse element is sealed with resin. 2 is installed on the second substrate 12 in a vertical installation specification. The thermal fuse Fb is installed in contact with or in close proximity to the disc-shaped lightning protection element 2 so that the thermal fuse Fb responds accurately due to heat generated by the deterioration of the lightning protection element 2.
図4及び図5に示す外装ケース30は樹脂製の下部ケース30aと上部ケース30bを分離可能に合体させたもので、内部空間に基板ユニット20を位置決めして収納する。外装ケース30は電路用端子台31と信号線用端子台32、接地用端子台33を一体に有し、上部ケース30bにLEDが覗く一対の表示用窓穴34を有する。電路用端子台31に三相の電源線La、Lb、Lcがねじ付き構造で形成され、信号線用端子台32に出力回路6の出力端子7が電線挿入構造で形成される。各端子台31、32、33は、外装ケース30に着脱自在に装着される透明な絶縁カバー35で絶縁保護される。このような外装ケース30内に基板ユニット20が第1の基板11を上にして収納され、第1の基板11の上面から突出する一対のLEDが表示用窓穴34の奥に位置する。第2の基板12の下面に突出するヒューズFや避雷素子2は外装ケース30の底面近くに位置するようにしてあり、このようにすることで基板ユニット20と外装ケース30が、小形でコンパクトなものとなる。 The outer case 30 shown in FIG. 4 and FIG. 5 is a resin-made lower case 30a and upper case 30b combined in a separable manner, and positions and stores the substrate unit 20 in the internal space. The outer case 30 integrally includes an electric circuit terminal block 31, a signal line terminal block 32, and a grounding terminal block 33, and has a pair of display window holes 34 through which the LED looks into the upper case 30b. Three-phase power lines La, Lb, and Lc are formed on the electric circuit terminal block 31 with a threaded structure, and the output terminal 7 of the output circuit 6 is formed on the signal line terminal block 32 with an electric wire insertion structure. Each terminal block 31, 32, 33 is insulated and protected by a transparent insulating cover 35 that is detachably attached to the outer case 30. The substrate unit 20 is accommodated in such an exterior case 30 with the first substrate 11 facing upward, and a pair of LEDs protruding from the upper surface of the first substrate 11 is located in the back of the display window hole 34. The fuse F and the lightning protection element 2 projecting on the lower surface of the second substrate 12 are positioned near the bottom surface of the outer case 30. By doing so, the substrate unit 20 and the outer case 30 are small and compact. It will be a thing.
なお、本発明の避雷器は、上記した実施の形態に限定されるものではなく、本発明の要旨を逸脱しない範囲内において種々変更を加え得ることは勿論である。 In addition, the lightning arrester of this invention is not limited to above-described embodiment, Of course, a various change can be added in the range which does not deviate from the summary of this invention.
また、図1の回路に示す避雷器は三相電源回路に適用したものであるが、この避雷器は二相の電源回路に適用できる。例えば、図1における2本の電源線LaとLbの間に設置した一方の表示回路4−1と出力回路6の2本の通信線L1、L2を使用することで、二相の電源回路に使用することができる。 The lightning arrester shown in the circuit of FIG. 1 is applied to a three-phase power circuit, but this lightning arrester can be applied to a two-phase power circuit. For example, by using the two communication lines L1 and L2 of the display circuit 4-1 and the output circuit 6 installed between the two power supply lines La and Lb in FIG. Can be used.
1 避雷器
2 避雷素子
3 切離し回路
4−1、4−2 表示回路
5−1、5−2 フォトカプラ
6 出力回路
7−1、7−2、7−3 出力端子
8 監視制御部
9−1、9−2 双方向性シリコンサージ吸収素子
10 サージ吸収素子、ガス封入3極避雷管
20 基板ユニット
11 第1の基板
12 第2の基板
21 第1の回路ユニット
22 第2の回路ユニット
30 絶縁性外装ケース
31、32、33 端子台
34 表示用窓穴
F ヒューズ
Fa 電流ヒューズ
Fb 温度ヒューズ
L1〜L3 通信線
La〜Lc 電源線
LED 表示用発光ダイオード
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Lightning arrester 2 Lightning arrester 3 Disconnection circuit 4-1, 4-2 Display circuit 5-1, 5-2 Photocoupler 6 Output circuit 7-1, 7-2, 7-3 Output terminal 8 Monitoring control part 9-1, 9-2 Bidirectional Silicon Surge Absorber 10 Surge Absorber, Gas-filled Triode Arrestor 20 Substrate Unit 11 First Substrate 12 Second Substrate 21 First Circuit Unit 22 Second Circuit Unit 30 Insulating Exterior Case 31, 32, 33 Terminal block 34 Display window hole F Fuse Fa Current fuse Fb Thermal fuse L1 to L3 Communication line La to Lc Power supply line LED Light emitting diode for display
Claims (4)
前記2組の表示回路それぞれに、前記表示灯への点灯電流の供給に応じて発光・受光の動作をして出力するフォトカプラを直列接続し、この2組のフォトカプラの出力信号を外部に送信する3本の通信線を備えた共通の1組の出力回路の前記3本の通信線のうちの1本を前記2組のフォトカプラの一方の出力端子に接続し、前記3本の通信線の残り2本を前記2組のフォトカプラの他方の各出力端子に分けて接続したことを特徴とする避雷器。 A lightning arrester incorporating a plurality of lightning arresters connected between power lines for a three-phase power supply circuit and between each power circuit and a ground terminal. Three sets of disconnection circuits having fuses that are disconnected from the power supply line are inserted into the power supply line, and two sets of displays for lighting the indicator lamps connected between the electric circuits via the disconnection circuit and indicating the presence or absence of the lightning protection element abnormality Circuit,
Each of the two sets of display circuits is connected in series with a photocoupler that emits and receives light in response to a lighting current supplied to the indicator lamp, and outputs the output signals of the two sets of photocouplers to the outside. One of the three communication lines of a common set of output circuits having three communication lines for transmission is connected to one output terminal of the two sets of photocouplers, and the three communication lines are connected. A lightning arrester characterized in that the remaining two wires are connected separately to the other output terminals of the two sets of photocouplers.
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JP2004155235A Expired - Fee Related JP4176675B2 (en) | 2004-05-25 | 2004-05-25 | Lightning arrestor |
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Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2018142634A (en) * | 2017-02-28 | 2018-09-13 | ダイヘンヒューズ株式会社 | Protector with deterioration display function |
Families Citing this family (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
KR100890837B1 (en) * | 2007-06-07 | 2009-03-30 | 대진전기 (주) | Air circuit breaker installed at a lightning safety circuit |
JP5188853B2 (en) * | 2008-03-24 | 2013-04-24 | 音羽電機工業株式会社 | SPD separation device |
JP5272123B2 (en) * | 2010-11-09 | 2013-08-28 | 音羽電機工業株式会社 | SPD with deterioration warning function |
JP6307381B2 (en) * | 2014-07-31 | 2018-04-04 | 株式会社サンコーシヤ | SPD separator and monitoring system |
CN109728572A (en) * | 2017-10-18 | 2019-05-07 | 菲尼克斯电气公司 | A kind of overvoltage protective module |
JP7437252B2 (en) | 2020-07-07 | 2024-02-22 | 株式会社ダイヘン | protection device |
JP7103727B1 (en) * | 2021-07-14 | 2022-07-20 | 株式会社昭電 | Lightning surge protector |
-
2004
- 2004-05-25 JP JP2004155235A patent/JP4176675B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2018142634A (en) * | 2017-02-28 | 2018-09-13 | ダイヘンヒューズ株式会社 | Protector with deterioration display function |
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JP2005341681A (en) | 2005-12-08 |
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