JP4173783B2 - Double glazed windows - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention is a multilayer useful for windows for building materials of houses and buildings that require crime prevention, safety, disaster prevention, heat insulation, sound insulation and dew proof, and windows for vehicles, ships, aircraft, machinery and the like. Regarding glass windows.

  Multi-layer glass windows are widely used with increasing demands for energy saving and comfortable living environment because they have good heat insulation, soundproofing and dewproofing properties. For example, in a multi-layer glass window, there are a configuration in which two glass pieces are formed by forming a space with a spacer, the space portion is sealed with dry air, the space portion is sealed in a vacuum, and the like. It is an important technique to seal the space so as not to absorb moisture.

  On the other hand, crimes such as breaking glass windows and breaking fires have frequently occurred in recent years, and improvement in crime prevention performance of residential windows has been desired, and crime prevention glass windows have become widespread. For example, a security window has a structure in which a security film is pasted on a single glass window, a structure in which two sheets of glass are combined with a tough interlayer, and a polycarbonate (PC) sheet is inserted between the two sheets of glass to make a thermoplastic interlayer The method of matching an interlayer film or sheet that is strong against heat, impact, and sharp tools onto glass is an important technology.

  In view of these prior arts, the multi-layer glass window is insufficient in terms of crime prevention, safety and disaster prevention, while the crime prevention glass window is insufficient in terms of heat insulation, sound insulation and dew prevention.

  A PC double glazing window using PC laminated glass is excellent as a window because both the advantages of laminated glass and double glazing can be achieved. Actually, there is a case where a multi-layer glass window constructed in the order of PC / intermediate film / glass / air layer / glass from the outside of the vehicle is used as the Shinkansen passenger car window. However, if a PC is arranged in the outermost layer, scratches are likely to occur compared to glass, and it is difficult to maintain long-term appearance quality. Furthermore, since the linear expansion coefficients of two-layer laminated glass between different materials such as PC and glass differ, there is a problem that warping occurs in a hard interlayer film as in the past, and the size of the window must be increased. Since the glass warp is increased and the airtightness of the multi-layer window is lowered, it is not widely used for general residential windows.

  Then, this invention makes it a subject to provide the multilayer glass window which was excellent in crime prevention property, safety | security, disaster prevention property, and was excellent in durability and airtightness.

  The present invention will be described below. In addition, in order to make an understanding of this invention easy, the referential mark of an accompanying drawing is appended, but this invention is not limited to the form of illustration by it.

According to the first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a laminated glass obtained by laminating a glass plate 1 and a transparent synthetic resin plate 3 having a size slightly smaller than the glass plate 1 with a transparent adhesive material 2 interposed therebetween. Providing a multilayer glass window characterized in that the laminated glass window is characterized in that it is arranged facing the laminated glass or the single plate glass through a spacer 5 so as to be on the layer 7 side and fixed with a sealing material 6. To solve.

According to this invention, since the laminated glass of the transparent synthetic resin board 3 and the glass plate 1 is used for a multilayer glass window, it is excellent in crime prevention, safety, and disaster prevention. Moreover, since the surface layer is made of glass, the durability is excellent. Furthermore, since the transparent adhesive material 2 which is a soft material instead of a hard intermediate film is used between the transparent synthetic resin plate 3 and the glass plate 1, the position of the two layers as in the case of bonding with an adhesive is used. Since the relationship is not fixed, the transparent adhesive layer absorbs the difference in linear expansion between the glass plate 1 and the synthetic resin plate 3, thereby preventing the warp of the transparent synthetic resin plate 3 and the airtightness of the multilayer glass window. Can be improved. In addition, since the transparent synthetic resin plate 3 does not contact the sealing material, it is possible to prevent deterioration of the transparent synthetic resin plate 3 due to the additive component contained in the sealing material 6, and a multi-layer glass window having excellent durability. can do.

  The invention of claim 2 is characterized in that the glass transition temperature of the transparent adhesive material 2 is −20 ° C. or lower and the shift length of the holding force is 1.0 to 13 mm.

  Here, the shift length of the holding force is 4.9 N in an environment of 40 ° C. according to JIS Z0237 after bonding a 38 μm PET film to an SUS plate with an area of 20 mm × 20 mm using the transparent adhesive material 2. This is a value obtained by measuring the shift length after applying the load of 2 hours.

  According to the present invention, since the transparent adhesive material 2 has a relatively low glass transition temperature and an appropriate deviation length, the flexibility of the transparent adhesive material 2 even if there is a change in the temperature of the cold or warm, Since adhesiveness can be kept favorable, the curvature of a multilayer glass window can be prevented and airtightness can be improved more.

  The invention of claim 3 is characterized in that the thickness of the transparent adhesive material 2 is 0.1 to 2 mm.

  According to this invention, it can be set as the multilayer glass window excellent in the adhesiveness of the glass plate 1 and the transparent synthetic resin plate 3. FIG.

  In the invention of claim 4, the transparent metal oxide film layer 4 is laminated on the surface of the transparent synthetic resin plate 3 in contact with the air layer 7 or on both surfaces, and the transparent metal oxide film layer 4 and the spacer 5 are sealed. It is fixed with the material 6.

  According to the present invention, since the transparent synthetic resin plate 3 is covered with the metal oxide film 4 having a high gas barrier property, moisture from the outside and the additive component contained in the sealing material 6 are contained in the transparent synthetic resin plate layer. Can be prevented, and a double-glazed window excellent in airtightness and durability can be obtained.

  The invention of claim 5 is characterized in that the periphery of the four sides of the laminated glass is coated with an aluminum tape 10, and the aluminum tape 10 and the spacer 5 are fixed with a sealing material 6.

  According to the present invention, the aluminum tape 10 prevents moisture from the outside and the additive component contained in the sealing material 6 from entering the transparent synthetic resin plate layer, so that the multilayer has excellent airtightness and durability. It can be a glass window.

  The invention of claim 6 is a laminated glass used for the double glazing window of claim 1.

  Since the multilayer glass window of the present invention uses laminated glass of a transparent synthetic resin plate and a glass plate, it is excellent in crime prevention, safety and disaster prevention. Further, since the synthetic resin plate and the glass plate are laminated using the flexible transparent adhesive material, the flexible adhesive material layer absorbs the difference in linear expansion between the glass plate and the synthetic resin plate. For this reason, even when placed in a severe environment, it is possible to prevent warping and peeling due to the expansion and contraction of only the transparent synthetic resin plate, thereby improving the airtightness of the multi-layer glass window. Furthermore, by fixing with a sealing material via a transparent vapor-deposited film layer or aluminum tape, or by making the size of the transparent synthetic resin plate in the laminated glass smaller than the glass plate, the synthetic resin by the additive component contained in the sealing material Deterioration of the plate can be prevented.

  Such an operation and gain of the present invention will be made clear from the best mode for carrying out the invention described below.

  FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a multi-layer glass window which is a basic form of the present invention. In the double glazing window of FIG. 1, one of the double glazings is a single glazing plate 1 ′, and the other is a laminated glass structure in which a glass plate 1 and a transparent synthetic resin plate 3 are laminated with a transparent adhesive material 2. It has become.

  As the glass plates 1 and 1 'used in the present invention, glass plates used for ordinary multilayer glass can be used, but in addition, heat-treated and chemically-treated tempered glass plates and ground glass such as ground glass. A plate, a netted glass plate, or the like can also be used.

  As the transparent synthetic resin plate 3, a highly transparent material such as an acrylic plate, a polycarbonate plate, a vinyl chloride plate, and an alicyclic polyolefin plate is preferably used, and polycarbonate is particularly preferable from the viewpoint of safety and crime prevention. The transparent synthetic resin plate 3 can be provided with functions such as ultraviolet absorption and reflection, thermal war absorption and reflection, transmittance adjustment, and antireflection. By attaching such a function, the heat insulation effect of the multi-layer glass window is enhanced, which contributes to energy saving.

  The transparent adhesive material 2 may be any adhesive material such as acrylic, silicone, urethane, rubber, styrene elastomer, etc., but acrylic and silicone are preferred from the viewpoint of transparency and durability, especially acrylic. An acrylic pressure-sensitive adhesive composed of an acid ester copolymer, a curing agent, and a photopolymerization initiator is preferred.

  The combination of the base resin and the crosslinking agent is not particularly limited, but among them, the combination of a (meth) acrylic acid ester copolymer and an ultraviolet crosslinking agent is preferable. The (meth) acrylate used for forming the (meth) acrylic acid ester copolymer, that is, as the alkyl acrylate or alkyl methacrylate component, the alkyl group is n-octyl, isooctyl, 2-ethylhexyl, n-butyl, isobutyl. It is preferable to use one of alkyl acrylate or alkyl methacrylate which is any one of methyl, ethyl and isopropyl, or a mixture of two or more selected from these. As other components, an acrylate or methacrylate having an organic functional group such as a carboxyl group, a hydroxyl group, or a glycidyl group may be copolymerized. The alkyl (meth) acrylate component and a (meth) acrylate component having an organic functional group are appropriately selected and combined to obtain a monomer component obtained by heat polymerization using as a starting material.

As an example of the most preferable combination of a base resin and a crosslinking agent, an organic functional group that reacts with an unsaturated carboxylic acid using a (meth) acrylic acid ester-based copolymer containing an α or β unsaturated carboxylic acid as a base resin The thing containing a containing (meth) acrylate monomer and a photoinitiator can be mentioned. At this time, examples of the (meth) acrylic acid ester-based copolymer containing α and β unsaturated carboxylic acid include at least iso-octyl acrylate, n-octyl acrylate, n-butyl acrylate, 2-ethylhexyl acrylate, and the like. One or more types are copolymerized with acrylic acid. As an organic functional group-containing (meth) acrylate monomer, a functional group that reacts with the unsaturated carboxylic acid such as a glycidyl group-containing (meth) acrylate monomer, a hydroxy group-containing (meth) acrylate monomer, or an isocyanate group-containing (meth) acrylate monomer. The thing which has can be used. The content is preferably 0.01 to 1.0 part by mass, particularly 0.02 to 0.1 part by mass, with respect to 100 parts by mass of the (meth) acrylic acid ester copolymer. As a photoinitiator, a thing with little coloring property and odor property is preferable. For example, either benzophenone, hydroxy-cyclohexyl-phenyl ketone, or a combination of two or more of these can be used. The addition amount is preferably 0.05 to 2.0 parts by mass, particularly preferably 0.1 to 1.0 part by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the (meth) acrylic acid ester copolymer. Then, such an unsaturated carboxylic acid is reacted with an organic functional group of a (meth) acrylate monomer to graft a (meth) acryloyl group and molded into a sheet shape. Or what is necessary is just to bridge | crosslink by irradiating an ultraviolet-ray through a transparent release film using a high pressure mercury lamp etc. When irradiating with ultraviolet rays, a preferable elastic modulus can be obtained by adjusting the irradiation amount according to the amount of the monomer and the photoinitiator.

  The glass transition temperature of the transparent adhesive material 2 is preferably −20 ° C. or lower, more preferably −70 ° C. to −40 ° C. so that the flexibility of the adhesive material can be maintained even in a severe winter cold environment. Is preferred.

  Further, since the transparent adhesive material 2 needs to have a holding force so that the combined plate materials 1 and 3 do not slide down or peel off even in a severe summer heat environment, the shift length of the transparent adhesive material 2 Is preferably 1.0 mm to 13 mm, more preferably 5 mm to 10 mm.

  Thus, by adjusting the glass transition temperature and the deviation length of the transparent adhesive material 2, it is possible to achieve both the flexibility and adhesion durability of the transparent adhesive material 2, thereby preventing the warp of the laminated glass, The hermeticity of the multilayer glass can be improved. That is, in combination with the fact that the transparent synthetic resin plate 3 is positioned on the air layer side, there is little breathing action due to repeated warping of the laminated glass, and the airtightness of the air layer is improved and the transparent synthetic resin 3 is protected. Can do.

  In the multilayer glass window of the present invention, since the glass plate 1 and the transparent synthetic resin plate 3 have fine irregularities, the transparent adhesive material 2 is used to absorb the irregularities and adhere them well. A certain amount of thickness is required. On the other hand, if it is too thick, the thickness of the entire multilayer glass must be increased, resulting in poor productivity. Therefore, the thickness of the transparent adhesive material 2 is preferably 0.1 to 2 mm, and particularly preferably 0.5 to 1.5 mm.

  The manufacturing method of a laminated glass is not specifically limited. For example, a method in which the transparent adhesive material 2 is previously formed into a sheet shape, and is sandwiched between the glass plate 1 and the transparent synthetic resin plate 3 and bonded at a high temperature and high pressure. And a method of irradiating with ultraviolet rays between the glass plate 1 and the transparent synthetic resin plate 3. Among them, it is preferable to use an ultraviolet curable resin as the transparent adhesive material 2 and to bond them together by ultraviolet irradiation. When an ultraviolet curable resin is used, there is no need for heating and pressurization in a large apparatus such as an autoclave at the time of making a laminated glass of the glass plate 1 and the transparent synthetic resin plate 3, which is excellent in terms of economy. Since it can be manufactured at room temperature, there is also an advantage that the warp of the transparent synthetic resin plate 3 due to heating does not occur.

  In FIG. 1, a laminated glass and a single-layer glass 1 ′ are arranged facing each other through a spacer 5 with the transparent synthetic resin plate surface of the laminated glass facing the air layer 7, and are fixed by a sealing material 6. The fixed multilayer glass is fixed in the attachment 8 with an attachment sealer 9 to form a multilayer glass window. As the spacer 5, the sealing material 6, the attachment 8, and the attachment sealer 9, any of the known materials that are usually used for making a multi-layer glass window can be used. For example, as the sealing material 6, butyl Type, silicone type, sulfide type and chloroprene type.

  The transparent synthetic resin plate 3 is on the air layer 7 side because it is a material that easily absorbs moisture when it comes into contact with the outside air. However, it is preferable to adopt a sealing method that increases the airtightness when forming multiple layers. Further, when the synthetic resin plate 3 comes into contact with the sealing material 6, the additive component contained in the sealing material 6 is confined to the air layer 7 side and is thus easily deteriorated (whitening, cracks, etc.). It is preferable not to contact the dressing. From such a viewpoint, it is preferable that the transparent metal oxide film 4 is formed on the surface of the transparent synthetic resin plate 3 on the air layer 7 side or on both surfaces. In the multilayer glass window of FIG. 2, a transparent metal oxide film 4 is formed on the surface of the synthetic resin plate on the air layer side. Since the metal oxide film has a high gas barrier property, by covering the surface of the transparent synthetic resin plate with this, moisture absorption or moisture volatilization from the surface of the synthetic resin plate can be prevented, and airtightness is improved. Can do. In addition, when the spacer 5 and the transparent synthetic resin plate 3 are fixed by the sealing material 6, the sealing material 6 cannot directly contact the transparent synthetic resin plate 3 due to the presence of the transparent metal oxide film 4. It can also prevent that the additive component contained in the sealing material 6 transfers to the transparent synthetic resin board 3.

  Examples of the transparent metal oxide film 4 that can be used in the present invention include silicon oxide, aluminum oxide, zinc oxide, indium tin oxide, silicon nitride, magnesium fluoride, and titanium oxide, and vacuum deposition, chemical vapor deposition (CVD), physical It may be formed directly on the surface of the synthetic resin plate 3 using a method such as vapor deposition (PVD) or sputtering, or the high rigidity film is laminated on the synthetic resin plate in a state of being formed on a high rigidity film such as a PET film. May be used.

  In addition to the transparent metal oxide film 4, it is also preferable to use an aluminum tape in order to improve airtightness and durability. In FIG. 3 which shows the cross-sectional schematic of the multilayer glass window of another form of this invention, it has the structure by which the surroundings of the four edge parts of the laminated glass were coat | covered with the aluminum tape 10. In FIG. Since this aluminum tape prevents the sealing material 6 from coming into direct contact with the transparent synthetic resin plate 3 as with the transparent metal oxide film 4, the additive component contained in the sealing material 6 is transferred to the transparent synthetic resin plate 3. It is possible to improve the durability of the multi-layer glass window.

  In the multi-layer glass window shown in FIG. 4, which is another embodiment of the present invention, the transparent synthetic resin plate 3 is slightly smaller in both length and width than the glass plate 1, and also on the top, bottom, left and right of the transparent synthetic resin plate 3. The air layer 7 is provided. As a result, the transparent synthetic resin plate 3 can be freely expanded and contracted in the air layer 7 of the multi-layer window even when there is an environmental change such as temperature, and the warping of the transparent synthetic resin plate 3 hardly occurs, and the sealing material 6 As in the case of the transparent metal oxide film 4 and the aluminum tape described above, the sealing material 6 does not touch the transparent synthetic resin plate 3 and is contained in the sealing material 6. The component can be prevented from transferring to the transparent synthetic resin plate 3. The ratio of the size of the transparent synthetic resin plate 3 to the glass plate 1 varies depending on the type of synthetic resin, and grasps the environment in which the transparent synthetic resin plate 3 expands to the maximum so that it does not contact the sealing material 6. do it. For example, when the transparent synthetic resin plate 3 is polycarbonate, it is preferable that there is a gap of 1 to 3 mm between the sealing agent 6 and the transparent synthetic resin plate 3. For this purpose, a size that produces a margin of 6 mm to 8 mm with respect to the glass plate 1 is preferable.

  In FIGS. 1 to 4, one of the multiple-layer glasses has a single-layer glass 1 ′ configuration. However, a single-layer glass 1 ′ may be used instead of the single-layer glass 1 ′. By using laminated glass for both the two glasses of the multilayer glass, it is possible to provide a multilayer glass window with better crime prevention, safety, and disaster prevention.

(Example 1)
<Creation of transparent adhesive material>
To 100 parts by mass of the acrylic ester copolymer, 0.05 parts by mass of 1,4-nonanediol diacrylate as a curing agent and 0.3 parts by mass of benzophenone as a photoinitiator were added and melted and stirred. Was hot-melt molded into a sheet with a thickness of 0.5 mm. Next, a transparent adhesive sheet was obtained by using a high-pressure mercury lamp to irradiate the front and back of the lamp through release PET so that the single-sided integrated light amount was 3600 mJ / cm ² . The composition of the acrylic ester copolymer used was a copolymer of 78.4% by mass of n-butyl acrylate, 19.6% by mass of 2-ethylhexyl acrylate, and 2.0% by mass of acrylic acid. The melt viscosity was −55 ° C. and 130 ° C. 250,000 (mPa · s).

<Creation of multilayer glass>
The transparent pressure-sensitive adhesive sheet having a release film on one side peeled off on one side of a polycarbonate (PC) plate (thickness 2 mm × width 610 mm × length 610 mm), which is a transparent synthetic resin plate with a silica film directly deposited on both sides, Between the nip roll and the driving roll, it was carried between the rolls so as to be in contact for the first time, and was stuck at a linear pressure of 9.8 N / cm and a speed of 5 m / min, and then the remaining release film was peeled off.
Next, the PC plate on which the adhesive sheet is pasted is faced to the glass plate (commercially available float glass, thickness 3 mm × width 610 mm × length 610 mm) through the adhesive sheet, and the ends of the two plates Part was sandwiched between nip rolls (linear pressure: 294 N / cm, speed: 0.5 m / min) so as to make contact between the nip roll and the drive roll for the first time to obtain PC laminated glass.
This PC laminated glass is placed so that the PC surface is on the air layer side, facing the other glass plate, and a butyl rubber seal is placed between the glass surface and the aluminum spacer, and between the silica deposition surface and the aluminum spacer. PC fixed crime prevention glass was obtained by fixing with a dressing.

(Example 2)
Using the transparent adhesive sheet obtained in Example 1, a commercially available PC plate (thickness 2 mm × width 610 mm × length 610 mm) and commercially available float glass (thickness 3 mm × width 610 mm × length 610 mm) are examples. PC laminated glass was prepared by bonding in the same manner as in No. 1, and the periphery of the end was covered with an aluminum adhesive tape. This PC laminated glass is placed so that the PC surface is on the air layer side, facing the other glass plate, and sealing between the glass surface and the aluminum spacer and between the aluminum tape and the aluminum spacer is butyl rubber. PC fixed crime prevention glass was obtained by fixing with a material.

(Example 3)
Using the transparent adhesive sheet obtained in Example 1, the width and length of the commercially available float glass (thickness 3 mm × width 610 mm × length 610 mm) were reduced by about 0.5% from the size of the glass plate. A commercially available PC plate (thickness 2 mm × width 607 mm × length 607 mm) was bonded to the glass plate in a frame shape under the same conditions as in Example 1 to obtain a PC laminated glass. This PC laminated glass is placed so that the PC surface is on the air layer side, facing the other glass plate, and the two glass surfaces and the aluminum spacer are fixed with a butyl rubber sealing material. A crime prevention multilayer glass was obtained.

  While the present invention has been described in connection with embodiments that are presently the most practical and preferred, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments disclosed herein. However, the invention can be modified as appropriate without departing from the scope or spirit of the invention that can be read from the claims and the entire specification, and the double-glazed glass with such changes is also included in the technical scope of the present invention. Must be understood as.

It is the cross-sectional schematic of the multilayer glass window of the basic form of this invention. It is the cross-sectional schematic of the multilayer glass window which has a metal oxide film layer. It is the cross-sectional schematic of the multilayer glass window which has an aluminum tape. It is the cross-sectional schematic of the multilayer glass window which has a transparent synthetic resin board of a dimension one size smaller than a glass plate.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1, 1 ': Glass plate 2: Transparent adhesive material 3: Transparent synthetic resin plate 4: Metal oxide film layer 5: Spacer 6: Sealing material 7: Air layer 8: Attachment 9: Attachment sealer 10: Aluminum tape

Claims (6)

A laminated glass obtained by laminating a glass plate and a transparent synthetic resin plate having a size slightly smaller than the glass plate with a transparent adhesive material interposed therebetween via a spacer so that the transparent synthetic resin plate surface is on the air layer side. A laminated glass window, wherein the laminated glass windows are arranged facing each other or with a single plate glass and fixed with a sealing material. The glass layer temperature of the said transparent adhesive material is -20 degrees C or less, and the shift | offset | difference length of a retention strength is 1.0-13 mm, The multilayer glass window of Claim 1 characterized by the above-mentioned. The multilayer glass window according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the transparent adhesive material has a thickness of 0.1 to 2 mm. A transparent metal oxide film layer is laminated on a surface of the transparent synthetic resin plate in contact with the air layer or both surfaces, and the transparent metal oxide film layer and a spacer are fixed with a sealing material. Item 4. The multilayer glass window according to any one of Items 1 to 3. The periphery of the edge part of the 4 sides of the said laminated glass is coat | covered with the aluminum tape, The said aluminum tape and the spacer are being fixed with the sealing material, The any one of Claims 1-3 characterized by the above-mentioned. Multi-layer glass window. The laminated glass used for the multilayer glass window of Claim 1.

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