JP4173771B2 - Surgical fabric - Google Patents

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JP4173771B2
JP4173771B2 JP2003162429A JP2003162429A JP4173771B2 JP 4173771 B2 JP4173771 B2 JP 4173771B2 JP 2003162429 A JP2003162429 A JP 2003162429A JP 2003162429 A JP2003162429 A JP 2003162429A JP 4173771 B2 JP4173771 B2 JP 4173771B2
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contrast
gauze
yarn
surgical
thread
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JP2003162429A
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JP2004360138A (en
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峰有 片岡
久泰 横井
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Kawamoto Corp
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Kawamoto Corp
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Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、造影糸を備えた手術用織物に関するものである。尚以下、手術用のガーゼを例に挙げて説明するが、本発明はガーゼの如く平織組織の綿製織物に限るものではなく、各種手術に用いる織物に対して勿論適用できる。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
外科手術の際には、乾燥の防止や出血を拭き取る等の目的で多数のガーゼが使用される。これらガーゼが体内に残ると、例えば痛みや違和感,或いは微熱等、様々な身体の不調をきたす虞があることから、手術終了に際しては全てのガーゼを体内から取り除く必要がある。
【0003】
そこで手術においては、一般にガーゼを構成する1本の経糸の代わりに造影糸を織り込んだガーゼが用いられ、手術終盤の手術部位を閉じる前にX線造影(レントゲン撮影)を行って、映し出された造影糸を手がかりにガーゼの存在の有無を確認し、残っていれば取り除くという方法が採られている。
【0004】
造影糸としては、ポリプロピレン系樹脂に硫酸バリウムを55〜65質量%練り込んだマルチフィラメント、または硫酸バリウムを50〜80質量%練り込んだ塩化ビニル樹脂やシリコーン系樹脂の糸状体が専ら用いられており、これらのものは吸水性に乏しく血液に染まらないことから、ガーゼ本体が血液により染まっていても、該造影糸を肉眼により視認し易いという利点も有する。
【0005】
ところでこの様に視認し易い利点から、体内からガーゼを取り除く際には、造影糸をピンセット等で掴んで取り出すといった操作を行うことが多い。通常の取出操作による力では、ガーゼ本体から造影糸が引き抜けるということは殆どないものの、例えばガーゼが深部に挿入されて臓器に挟まれた為に強く引き抜く必要がある場合等には、造影糸を掴んで引っ張り出すと、該造影糸がガーゼ本体から抜けてしまい、ガーゼ本体を体内に残す懸念がある。この様に造影糸が抜けてしまうと、ガーゼ本体はX線造影を行っても映し出されないから、見つけ出すことが困難となる。
【0006】
そこで造影糸を抜け難くした手術用ガーゼとして、例えば図10[従来例▲1▼の手術用ガーゼを示す正面図]に示す様に、経糸側の切断端部55の近傍において織密度を高くした(この部分を以下、高織密度部分52と称することがある)手術用ガーゼ50が提案されている(従来例▲1▼)(例えば、特許文献1の第2頁,図7参照)。この従来例▲1▼のものはガーゼを構成する経糸のうちの1本に造影糸51を用いたものであり、造影糸51は上記高織密度部分52によって締め付けられるから抜け難くなる。尚図中、53はガーゼ本体、54は緯糸がUターンする織布耳部分である。
【0007】
また短冊形状の内視鏡手術用ガーゼにおいて造影糸の抜け防止を図ったものとして、図11[従来例▲2▼の内視鏡手術用ガーゼ20を示す正面図],図12[(a)は図11に示す内視鏡手術用ガーゼ20における熱融着部11付近を示す拡大図、(b)は(a)に示すB−B線断面図]に示す様に、経糸切断部の近傍部分で、ガーゼ本体を構成する綿糸12に造影糸16を熱融着させた(熱融着部11)ものが提案されている(従来例▲2▼)(例えば、特許文献1(特にその第図2,3)参照)。この従来例▲2▼のものは、熱融着部11において造影糸16がガーゼ本体の綿糸12にしっかりと融着されているから、非常に抜け難い。
【0008】
更に他には、図13[従来例▲3▼の手術用ガーゼの拡大正面図]に示す様に、ガーゼ本体の経糸62のうちの1本(織り糸67)と造影糸66の部分が紗織りとなった手術用ガーゼ60が提案されており(従来例▲3▼)(例えば、特許文献2参照)、このものは織り糸67が造影糸66に絡みつく状態となるから引抜抵抗が上がり、抜け難い。
【0009】
【特許文献1】
特開2002−52038号公報
【特許文献2】
特開2002−143212号公報
【0010】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
以上の様に造影糸を抜け難くした手術用ガーゼ(手術用織物)が種々提案されているが、本発明は異なる手法によって造影糸を極めて抜け難くした手術用織物を提供することを目的とする。
【0011】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明に係る手術用織物は、造影糸を備えた手術用織物であって、前記造影糸の太さが、手術用織物本体を構成する糸の太さに対して3倍以上であり、該造影糸が隣接して2本以上織り込まれことを特徴とする。
【0012】
この様に2本以上の造影糸が隣接して織り込まれたものは、後述する実験の様に非常に引抜抵抗が高いことを確認している。引抜抵抗が高くなる理由としては確実なことは言えないが、大凡以下の(1)〜(3)の理由によると考えられる。尚手術用織物として手術用ガーゼを例にとって説明する。
【0013】
(1):一般に造影糸の太さはガーゼ本体を構成するガーゼ糸に比べて太い。従って仮に従来の様に1本の造影糸が織り込まれたものであっても、造影糸と交差するガーゼ糸(以下、交差ガーゼ糸と称することがある)は造影糸との交差部分で比較的大きな角度をつけてうねることになるところ、本発明では上記の如く2本以上の造影糸が隣接して織り込まれているから、この隣接する造影糸部分において交差ガーゼ糸は造影糸1本の場合よりも極めて急な角度で立ち上がりまた立ち下がって挿通されることになる。この為に造影糸に対する交差ガーゼ糸の締め付けが非常に強いものとなり、その結果造影糸が抜け難くなる。
【0014】
(2):更に交差ガーゼ糸の締め付けによって造影糸が変形し、挿通方向に凹凸のある形状となるから、引き抜くには、変形した凸部分を交差ガーゼ糸が乗り越えなければならず、引抜抵抗が高い。
【0015】
(3):例えばガーゼ用製織機を用いてその経糸のうちの2本以上を造影糸に代えて製織した場合には、造影糸が太い為に他のガーゼ本体部分に比べて該造影糸同士の隙間及び隣接するガーゼ糸との隙間が小さくなり、従って締め付け力が上がると共に摩擦抵抗も上がり、抜け難くなる。
【0016】
尚仮に造影糸を隣接させずに、離間させて2本以上入れた場合は、交差ガーゼ糸の締め付け力の向上が期待できないので、上記(1)〜(3)の様な引抜抵抗の向上が望めない。
【0017】
ガーゼ本体等の手術用織物本体を構成する糸(ガーゼ糸)の太さは一般に直径0.1〜0.2mm程度であり、これに対して造影糸の太さは一般に直径0.5〜0.9mm程度である。この様に太さに差がある為に上記(1)〜(3)の如く抜け難くなるものと考えられる。上記(1)〜(3)の作用を有効に発揮させる為に、手術用織物本体(ガーゼ本体)を構成する糸(ガーゼ糸)の太さに対する造影糸の太さは3倍以上が好ましく、より好ましくは5倍以上である。
【0018】
造影糸としては、硫酸バリウムや硫酸銀,酸化チタン,シリコーン等のX線非透過性物質を樹脂に練り込んで糸条としたものや、2枚の樹脂フィルムの間に銀等のX線非透過性物質を挟み、これを細くカットして糸状にしたもの等が挙げられ、具体的には上記の如くポリプロピレン系樹脂に硫酸バリウムを練り込んだマルチフィラメントや、硫酸バリウムを練り込んだ塩化ビニル樹脂やシリコーン系樹脂の糸状体が挙げられる。
【0019】
更に前記造影糸がマルチフィラメントの場合には、モノフィラメントに比べて太さ方向に変形し易く、従って交差糸(上記交差ガーゼ糸の様に、造影糸と交差する手術用織物本体の糸)によって少しの締め付け力が作用するだけで、マルチフィラメントの造影糸が変形し、上記の如く抜け難くなるから、より好ましい。
【0020】
本発明の手術用織物としては、2本以上の造影糸が隣接する部分が、挿入されている造影糸の長さの全てにわたっていることが最も好ましいが、この様に全てが隣接している必要はなく、或る程度の長さだけ隣接していれば、この隣接した箇所において上記(1)〜(3)の様に作用して造影糸が抜け難くなる。
【0021】
造影糸の本数としては2本以上であれば良く、即ち3本、4本であっても良いが、造影糸は吸水性に乏しく、手術用織物(ガーゼ)の風合いを固くする懸念があるから、あまり多く挿入することは推奨できない。この様な観点から、2〜3本が好ましく、最も好ましくは2本である。
【0022】
また本発明は、上述の如く造影糸が抜け難くなるという効果に加えて、X線造影による視認性に優れるという効果もある。つまり、造影糸が2本以上隣接したものの場合、X線造影を行った際に、造影方向に対して造影糸2本(或いは3本以上)が平行に列んだ箇所では造影糸が太く見え、また造影糸2本(或いは3本以上)が重なった箇所では、X線非透過性物質(硫酸バリウム等)の密度(X線透過線上にある量)が見かけ上高くなる為に造影糸がより明るく見え、いずれにせよ視認性が向上する。尚複数の造影糸を離間させて(隣接させずに)配置したガーゼにおいても、ガーゼは不定形に折り畳まれて(クシャクシャになって)体内に存在することが多いから、造影方向に対して造影糸が重なる箇所も存在するものの、本発明の様に隣接させたものにあっては、折り畳まれることによって重なる場合だけでなく、平行に列ぶ2本の造影糸の側方から造影した場合も重なることになり、従って造影糸が重なる確率が非常に高くなるので、視認性に優れる。
【0023】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下、本発明に係る手術用織物に関して、例を示す図面を参照しつつ具体的に説明するが、本発明はもとより図示例に限定される訳ではなく、前・後記の趣旨に適合し得る範囲で適当に変更を加えて実施することも可能であり、それらはいずれも本発明の技術的範囲に包含される。
【0024】
<実施形態1>
図1の(a)は本発明の実施形態1に係る手術用ガーゼ(手術用織物)の部分拡大図であり、(b)は(a)に示すA−A線断面図である。
【0025】
この手術用ガーゼ30は、綿製ガーゼ糸31,32(15tex(綿糸40番手))が経糸及び緯糸に配されてガーゼ本体33を構成し(図中、31が経方向のガーゼ糸、32が緯方向のガーゼ糸である)、このガーゼ本体33に2本の造影糸34,35(3800dtex)が隣接して経方向に織り込まれたものであって、造影糸34,35,経方向ガーゼ糸31と緯方向ガーゼ糸32により平織組織が形成されている。大きさは30cm×30cmである。
【0026】
造影糸34,35は、ポリプロピレン系樹脂に硫酸バリウムを55〜65質量%練り込んでフィラメントを紡糸し、これを40本束ねて更にポリエステルフィラメントを巻き付けたマルチフィラメントである。尚実施形態1の造影糸34,35及びガーゼ糸31,32の太さとしてその断面直径を測定したところ、造影糸34,35は直径0.53mmで、ガーゼ糸31,32は直径0.15mmであり、造影糸34,35はガーゼ糸31,32の約3.5倍の太さであった。
【0027】
この手術用ガーゼ30の製造にあたっては、通常のガーゼ用織機を使用し、2本のガーゼ用経糸に代えて2本の造影糸34,35を用いて製織することにより得られる。尚織り上がった手術用ガーゼ30は適宜脱脂,漂白,滅菌等を行って、日本薬局方に規定するガーゼに適合するものとする。
【0028】
尚例えば上記従来例▲3▼ではもじり織りのできる特種な織機を必要とするが、上記の様に本実施形態では通常のガーゼ用織機を用いて製織できるから、従来の製造設備をそのまま利用でき、また通常のガーゼの製造工程と同じ様に製造できるから、製造過程が煩雑になることもない。従ってコスト上昇を招くことがない。
【0029】
手術用ガーゼ30の造影糸34,35はガーゼ糸31,32に比べて太く、該造影糸34,35及びこれらに隣接する経方向ガーゼ糸31a,31bの部分では、糸−糸間隔が狭く密に織られた状態であるから、摩擦抵抗が上がり、また造影糸34,35部分では緯方向ガーゼ糸(交差ガーゼ糸)32が急峻に立ち上がりまた立ち下がってうねることになるので、緯方向ガーゼ糸32に強い締め付け力が生じ、造影糸34,35を強力に締め付ける。更にこの締め付けにより、図2[手術用ガーゼ30中の造影糸34(或いは造影糸35)を表す側面図]に示すように造影糸34,35に凹凸状の変形を生じさせる。この様な摩擦抵抗の上昇、強い締め付け、凹凸状の変形といった要素が絡み合って、造影糸34,35が非常に抜け難いものとなる。仮に造影糸が抜けてしまうと、X線造影を行っても手術用ガーゼが映し出されず、その為に手術用ガーゼを見つけ難くなって体内に残すという懸念があるが、上記の如く本実施形態では造影糸34,35に引き抜き力が作用しても容易には抜けないから、上記懸念が殆どなくなり、安全性がより向上する。
【0030】
加えて2本の造影糸34,35が隣り合って列んでいるので、X線造影を行った際に、平面的に列んで見える方向からの造影では造影糸が太く見え、重なって見える方向(側端方向(図1の矢印C方向))からの造影では1本の場合よりも明るく輝いて見えるから、見つけやすい。尚従来の手術用ガーゼのように造影糸が1本織り込まれたものであっても、体内では不定形に折り畳まれて存在するので、造影糸の重なり部分は少なからず生じ、当該部分が明るく輝いて見えることになるものの、本実施形態1のように造影糸34,35が隣接しているものでは、折り畳まれて重なるだけでなく、側端方向(図1の矢印C方向)からの造影の場合でも重なって見え、この様に造影糸が重なる確率が高くなるので、より視認性が向上する。
【0031】
<実施形態2>
図3は本発明の実施形態2に係る手術用ガーゼ(手術用織物)40を示す正面図である。尚図1,10と同じ構成部分については同一の符号を付して重複説明を避ける。
【0032】
この実施形態2の手術用ガーゼ40は、経糸側の切断端部55の近傍において織密度の高い高織密度部分52を形成したものであり、他の構成は上記実施形態1と同様である。
【0033】
この手術用ガーゼ40においては更に高織密度部分52による締め付け力も加わり、造影糸34,35がより一層抜け難くなる。従って造影糸が抜けた為に手術用ガーゼ40が見つけられなくなるという事態を防止することができる。また手術用ガーゼ40も上記実施形態1と同様に、2本の造影糸34,35が隣接しているから造影糸が重なってX線造影される確率が高くなり、当該重なり部分が明るく輝いて視認性に優れる。
【0034】
尚上記実施形態1,2では造影糸の太さとして直径0.53mmのものを挙げたが、一般にはこの太さのものの他、直径0.57mm,0.65mm,0.85mmのものが汎用されており、これらの造影糸を使用した場合であってもガーゼ糸(一般に直径0.15mm程度)に対して十分に太く、交差ガーゼ糸によって強く締め付けられる等により非常に抜け難いものとなる。
【0035】
また上記実施形態1,2では造影糸を2本織り込んだ手術用ガーゼ30,40を示したが、3本以上織り込んだものであっても良い。但し、造影糸の本数が多すぎると、吸水性や柔軟性が損なわれる虞があるから、これらを勘案してあまり多く織り込まない方が良い。
【0036】
加えて上記実施形態1,2では造影糸を経糸として織り込んだものを示したが、緯糸として織り込んでも良い。
【0037】
また上記実施形態1,2ではガーゼ本体として40番手の綿糸からなるものを示したが、これに限るものではなく、他の太さの綿糸(例えば30番手等)を用いても勿論良く、更にレーヨンやキュプラ等の他の繊維を単独或いは混紡,合糸等した糸を用いて製織したものであっても良い。
【0038】
更に上記実施形態1,2においては、30cm×30cmの手術用ガーゼを示したが、これに限らず、例えば1cm×15cm等の圧迫止血用ガーゼ、3cm×20cm等の内視鏡用ガーゼ、更にガーゼを折り畳んで3cm×3cmとした剥離用ガーゼ等の、手術に用いる各種織物に本発明を適用できる。
【0039】
<実験>
実施形態2と同様の手術用ガーゼ40(試料No.1〜6)、及び上記従来例▲1▼の手術用ガーゼ(試料No.7〜9)について、造影糸の引抜(脱落)強度試験を行った。尚これらの試料No.1〜9はいずれも経30cm×緯30cmであり、試料No.1〜6は造影糸が2本隣接して経方向に織り込まれ、試料No.7〜9は造影糸が1本経方向に織り込まれたものである。また造影糸が織り込まれていないガーゼのみのもの(経30cm×緯30cm)(試料No.10〜12)に関しても、このガーゼを構成するガーゼ糸1本についての引抜(脱落)強度試験を行った。尚いずれもガーゼ糸の太さは直径0.15mm、造影糸の太さは直径0.53mmである。
【0040】
試験方法は、試料No.1〜9については造影糸が長手方向の中心になる様にして5cm幅に試料をカットし(30cm×5cmの短冊状となる)、長手方向の一方端5cmの部分においてガーゼ糸のみを切除して造影糸だけとし、長手方向の他方端5cmの部分においては造影糸のみを切除してガーゼ糸だけとした。試料No.4〜6に関しては、更に長手方向の一方端5cmの部分における造影糸2本のうちの1本を切除した。そしてこれら切除部分を掴み部とした(図4:引抜強度試験の方法を説明する為の図(その1))。試料No.10〜12については経方向の1本のガーゼ糸を上記造影糸と見立てて、上記と同様に長手方向の一方端5cm及び他方端5cmをそれぞれ切除し、掴み部とした。尚いずれも掴み間隔は25cmとなる。
【0041】
定測伸長形引張試験機(JIS L 1906 5.3.1において使用される試験機と同じもの)を用い、この試験機のチャック部71により試料の掴み部をそれぞれ掴んで試料に弛みのない状態とし(初荷重点:0.03N)、20cm/分の引張速度で試料を引っ張り(ロードセル定格:50N)、その際の引抜抵抗の荷重を測定した(図5:引抜強度試験の方法を説明する為の図(その2))。表1にその結果を示すと共に、図6〜9に測定結果のチャートを表す。図6〜9中、縦軸は引抜抵抗の荷重、横軸は伸び(チャック部71の離間幅)を示す。
【0042】
【表1】

Figure 0004173771
【0043】
表1及び図6〜9から分かる様に、造影糸が1本織り込まれた試料No.7〜9に比べて、2本の造影糸が隣接して織り込まれた試料No.1〜6は、いずれも最大荷重が大きく、引抜抵抗性に非常に優れる。特に造影糸2本ともに引抜力を作用させたものにあっては(試料No.1〜3)いずれも造影糸の切断に至り、このことから、ピンセット等で造影糸2本を掴んで引き出す場合には、造影糸が引き抜けるより前に造影糸が切断され、残りの造影糸が手術用ガーゼに残ることが分かる。また試料No.1〜6の引抜抵抗最大荷重の値から分かるように(試料No.1〜3の平均は18.434N、試料No.4〜6の平均は7.265N)、ガーゼ自身が破損しそうになる(或いは破損する)程の大きな力を加えないと造影糸が引き抜けないことが分かる。更に試料No.10〜12はガーゼ糸の引抜抵抗を測定したものであるが、この試料No.10〜12の結果と試料No.1〜6の結果を比較しても分かる様に、試料No.1〜6は造影糸の引抜抵抗が格段に優れる。
【0044】
尚試料No.1〜12はいずれも経糸側の切断端部の近傍に高織密度部分を有するが、長手方向の一方端側では上記ガーゼ糸切除によって該高織密度部分が取り除かれ、長手方向の他方端側においてもチャック部71により掴まれている部分であるから、該高織密度部分は本試験において造影糸或いはガーゼ糸の引抜抵抗荷重について何ら関与しない。従って実施形態2の手術用ガーゼ40はこの高織密度部分52によって実際にはより引抜抵抗が高いものとなる。
【0045】
【発明の効果】
以上の様に本発明の手術用織物においては、造影糸が非常に抜け難いから、手術用織物より造影糸が抜け落ちることは殆どなく、従って造影糸が抜けた為にX線造影で織物(ガーゼ)が映し出されないという事態を防ぐことができ、よってより安全性が向上する。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】本発明の実施形態1に係る手術用ガーゼ(手術用織物)を示す図。
【図2】実施形態1の手術用ガーゼ中の造影糸を表す側面図。
【図3】本発明の実施形態2に係る手術用ガーゼ(手術用織物)を示す正面図。
【図4】引抜強度試験の方法を説明する為の図(その1)。
【図5】引抜強度試験の方法を説明する為の図(その2)。
【図6】試料No.1〜3の引抜強度試験の測定結果を表すチャート。
【図7】試料No.4〜6の引抜強度試験の測定結果を表すチャート。
【図8】試料No.7〜9の引抜強度試験の測定結果を表すチャート。
【図9】試料No.10〜12の引抜強度試験の測定結果を表すチャート。
【図10】従来例▲1▼の手術用ガーゼを示す正面図。
【図11】従来例▲2▼の内視鏡手術用ガーゼを示す正面図。
【図12】(a)は図11に示す内視鏡手術用ガーゼにおける熱融着部付近を示す拡大図、(b)は(a)に示すB−B線断面図。
【図13】従来例▲3▼の手術用ガーゼの拡大正面図。
【符号の説明】
30,40 手術用ガーゼ
31 経方向のガーゼ糸
32 緯方向のガーゼ糸
33 ガーゼ本体
34,35 造影糸
52 高織密度部分
54 織布耳部分
55 経糸側の切断端部
71 チャック部[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a surgical fabric provided with a contrasting thread. The gauze for operation will be described below as an example, but the present invention is not limited to a plain weave cotton fabric such as gauze, and can be applied to fabrics used in various operations.
[0002]
[Prior art]
During surgery, a number of gauze is used for the purpose of preventing dryness or wiping bleeding. If these gauze remain in the body, there is a risk of various physical problems such as pain, discomfort, or slight fever. Therefore, it is necessary to remove all gauze from the body at the end of the operation.
[0003]
Therefore, in surgery, a gauze woven with contrasting yarn is generally used instead of one warp constituting gauze, and X-ray contrast (X-ray imaging) was performed before closing the surgical site at the end of the surgery. A method is used in which the presence or absence of gauze is confirmed using a contrasting thread as a clue, and if it remains, it is removed.
[0004]
As the contrast yarn, a multifilament in which 55 to 65% by mass of barium sulfate is kneaded in polypropylene resin, or a filamentous body of vinyl chloride resin or silicone resin in which 50 to 80% by mass of barium sulfate is kneaded is used. Since these have poor water absorption and do not stain blood, even if the gauze body is stained with blood, the contrast yarn is easily visible with the naked eye.
[0005]
By the way, because of the advantage of being easily visible, when removing the gauze from the body, an operation is often performed in which the contrast thread is grasped with tweezers and taken out. The force from the normal extraction operation rarely pulls out the contrast thread from the gauze body, but for example when the gauze is inserted deeply and pinched by an organ, it is necessary to pull out the contrast thread. When grasped and pulled out, there is a concern that the contrast thread is pulled out of the gauze body and leaves the gauze body in the body. If the contrast thread falls out in this way, the gauze body will not be projected even if X-ray contrast is performed, and it will be difficult to find out.
[0006]
Therefore, as a surgical gauze that makes it difficult to remove the contrast yarn, for example, as shown in FIG. 10 [a front view showing the surgical gauze of the conventional example (1)], the weave density is increased in the vicinity of the cut end portion 55 on the warp side. A surgical gauze 50 has been proposed (this portion may be hereinafter referred to as a high weave density portion 52) (conventional example {circle around (1)}) (see, for example, page 2 of Patent Document 1 and FIG. 7). In the conventional example (1), the contrast yarn 51 is used for one of the warps constituting the gauze, and the contrast yarn 51 is tightened by the high weave density portion 52, so that it is difficult to come off. In the figure, 53 is a gauze body, and 54 is a woven ear portion where the weft is U-turned.
[0007]
In addition, as a strip-shaped endoscopic surgical gauze which is intended to prevent the removal of contrast threads, FIG. 11 [front view showing endoscopic surgical gauze 20 of the conventional example (2)], FIG. 12 [(a) Fig. 11 is an enlarged view showing the vicinity of the heat fusion part 11 in the endoscopic surgical gauze 20 shown in Fig. 11, and (b) is a vicinity of the warp cutting part as shown in the sectional view taken along the line BB of Fig. 11 (a). A part (conventional example {circle around (2)}) in which the contrast yarn 16 is heat-sealed to the cotton yarn 12 constituting the gauze body has been proposed (conventional example {circle around (2)}) (for example, Patent Document 1 (particularly the first) See FIGS. 2 and 3). In the conventional example {circle around (2)}, the contrast yarn 16 is firmly fused to the cotton yarn 12 of the gauze body in the heat-sealing portion 11, so that it is very difficult to come off.
[0008]
In addition, as shown in FIG. 13 [enlarged front view of the surgical gauze of the conventional example (3)], one of the warps 62 (weaving thread 67) of the gauze body and the contrast thread 66 are woven. The surgical gauze 60 has been proposed (conventional example (3)) (see, for example, Patent Document 2), and this is in a state in which the weaving thread 67 becomes entangled with the contrasting thread 66, so that the pulling resistance increases and is difficult to come off. .
[0009]
[Patent Document 1]
JP 2002-52038 A [Patent Document 2]
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2002-143212
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
As described above, various surgical gauze (surgical fabric) that makes it difficult to remove the contrasting thread has been proposed, but the present invention aims to provide a surgical fabric that makes it extremely difficult to remove the contrasting thread by different methods. .
[0011]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
Surgical fabric according to the present invention is a surgical fabric with contrast yarn, the thickness of the contrast yarn, is 3 times or more relative to the thickness of the yarn that constitutes the surgical fabric body, the opaque filaments is characterized in that the woven two or more adjacent.
[0012]
As described above, it has been confirmed that two or more contrast yarns woven adjacently have a very high pulling resistance as in an experiment described later. The reason why the pull-out resistance becomes high cannot be said to be certain, but is considered to be due to the following reasons (1) to (3). A surgical gauze will be described as an example of the surgical fabric.
[0013]
(1): Generally, the thickness of the contrast yarn is thicker than that of the gauze yarn constituting the gauze body. Therefore, even if one contrast yarn is woven as in the prior art, the gauze yarn that intersects with the contrast yarn (hereinafter sometimes referred to as a cross gauze yarn) is relatively at the intersection with the contrast yarn. In the present invention, since two or more contrast yarns are woven adjacent to each other as described above, the cross gauze yarn is a single contrast yarn in this adjacent contrast yarn portion. It will be inserted by rising and falling at a much steeper angle than. For this reason, the tightness of the cross gauze yarn to the contrast yarn becomes very strong, and as a result, the contrast yarn is difficult to come off.
[0014]
(2): Contrast yarn is further deformed by tightening the cross gauze thread, resulting in a shape with irregularities in the insertion direction. In order to pull it out, the cross gauze thread must get over the deformed convex part, and the pulling resistance is reduced. high.
[0015]
(3): For example, when two or more of the warps are woven using a gauze weaving machine instead of the contrast yarn, the contrast yarn is thicker than the other gauze body parts because the contrast yarn is thick. And the gap between the adjacent gauze yarns are reduced, so that the tightening force is increased and the frictional resistance is also increased, making it difficult to come off.
[0016]
If two or more contrast yarns are inserted apart from each other without being adjacent to each other, the improvement in the tightening force of the cross gauze yarn cannot be expected. Therefore, the improvement in the pulling resistance as described in (1) to (3) above can be expected. I can't hope.
[0017]
The thickness of the thread (gauze thread) constituting the surgical fabric body such as the gauze body is generally about 0.1 to 0.2 mm in diameter, whereas the thickness of the contrast thread is generally 0.5 to 0 diameter. About 9mm. As described above, since the thickness is different, it is considered that it becomes difficult to remove as described in (1) to (3) above. In order to effectively demonstrate the actions (1) to (3) above, the thickness of the contrast thread is preferably 3 times or more the thickness of the thread (gauze thread) constituting the surgical fabric body (gauze body), More preferably, it is 5 times or more.
[0018]
Contrast threads include yarns made by kneading X-ray non-transparent materials such as barium sulfate, silver sulfate, titanium oxide, and silicone into a resin, or non-X-rays such as silver between two resin films. For example, a multifilament in which barium sulfate is kneaded into a polypropylene resin as described above, or vinyl chloride in which barium sulfate is kneaded. Examples thereof include a thread of a resin or a silicone resin.
[0019]
Further, when the contrast yarn is a multifilament, it is easily deformed in the thickness direction as compared with a monofilament, and therefore, it is slightly affected by the cross yarn (the yarn of the surgical fabric body that crosses the contrast yarn like the cross gauze yarn). The multifilament contrast yarn is deformed only by the action of the tightening force, and it is difficult to come off as described above.
[0020]
As the surgical fabric of the present invention, it is most preferable that a portion where two or more contrast yarns are adjacent extends over the entire length of the inserted contrast yarn. However, if it is adjacent to a certain length, it acts as described in (1) to (3) above at the adjacent portion, and it is difficult for the contrast thread to come off.
[0021]
The number of contrast yarns may be two or more, that is, three or four, but the contrast yarns have poor water absorption and may cause the surgical fabric (gauze) to have a hard texture. It is not recommended to insert too much. From such a viewpoint, 2 to 3 is preferable, and 2 is most preferable.
[0022]
In addition to the effect that the contrast yarn is difficult to be removed as described above, the present invention also has an effect that the visibility by X-ray contrast is excellent. In other words, in the case where two or more contrast threads are adjacent to each other, when X-ray contrast is performed, the contrast threads appear to be thick at a position where two (or three or more) contrast threads are parallel to the contrast direction. In addition, in a place where two (or three or more) contrast threads overlap, the density of the X-ray non-transparent material (barium sulfate, etc.) (amount on the X-ray transmission lines) is apparently increased, so that the contrast threads are It looks brighter and the visibility is improved anyway. Note that even in a gauze in which a plurality of contrast threads are separated (not adjacent), the gauze is often folded into an indeterminate shape (being crumbling), so that contrast is applied in the contrast direction. Although there are places where the yarns overlap, in the case of the adjacent ones as in the present invention, not only the case where they overlap by folding, but also the case where the contrast is formed from the side of the two contrasting yarns arranged in parallel Therefore, the probability that the contrast threads overlap will be very high, so that the visibility is excellent.
[0023]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, the surgical fabric according to the present invention will be specifically described with reference to the drawings showing examples. However, the present invention is not limited to the illustrated examples, and can be adapted to the purpose described above and below. The present invention can be carried out with appropriate modifications, all of which are included in the technical scope of the present invention.
[0024]
<Embodiment 1>
(A) of FIG. 1 is the elements on larger scale of the surgical gauze (surgical textile) which concerns on Embodiment 1 of this invention, (b) is the sectional view on the AA line shown to (a).
[0025]
In this surgical gauze 30, cotton gauze yarns 31 and 32 (15 tex (cotton yarn 40th)) are arranged on warps and wefts to constitute a gauze body 33 (in the figure, 31 is a gauze yarn in the warp direction, Two contrast yarns 34 and 35 (3800 dtex) are woven in the warp direction adjacent to the gauze body 33, and the contrast yarns 34 and 35 are warp direction gauze yarns. A plain weave structure is formed by 31 and the weft gauze yarn 32. The size is 30 cm × 30 cm.
[0026]
The contrast yarns 34 and 35 are multifilaments obtained by kneading 55 to 65% by mass of barium sulfate with polypropylene resin, spinning filaments, bundling 40 filaments, and winding polyester filaments. When the cross-sectional diameters of the contrast yarns 34 and 35 and the gauze yarns 31 and 32 of Embodiment 1 were measured, the contrast yarns 34 and 35 had a diameter of 0.53 mm, and the gauze yarns 31 and 32 had a diameter of 0.15 mm. The contrast threads 34 and 35 were about 3.5 times as thick as the gauze threads 31 and 32.
[0027]
The surgical gauze 30 is manufactured by using a normal gauze loom and weaving using two contrast yarns 34 and 35 instead of two gauze warps. The surgical gauze 30 that has been woven is appropriately degreased, bleached, sterilized, etc., and conforms to the gauze prescribed in the Japanese Pharmacopoeia.
[0028]
For example, the above-mentioned conventional example (3) requires a special loom capable of knitting, but as described above, in this embodiment, it can be woven using a normal gauze loom, so that the conventional manufacturing equipment can be used as it is. Moreover, since it can be produced in the same manner as a normal gauze production process, the production process is not complicated. Therefore, the cost is not increased.
[0029]
The contrast yarns 34 and 35 of the surgical gauze 30 are thicker than the gauze yarns 31 and 32. The contrast yarns 34 and 35 and the warp gauze yarns 31a and 31b adjacent to the contrast yarns 34 and 35 have a narrow thread-thread interval. Since the frictional resistance is increased and the weft gauze yarn (cross gauze yarn) 32 rises and falls sharply in the contrast yarns 34 and 35, the weft gauze yarn A strong tightening force is generated at 32 and the contrast threads 34 and 35 are tightened strongly. Further, by this tightening, as shown in FIG. 2 [a side view showing the contrast thread 34 (or contrast thread 35) in the surgical gauze 30], the contrast threads 34 and 35 are deformed in an uneven shape. Factors such as an increase in frictional resistance, strong tightening, and uneven deformation are intertwined, and the contrast threads 34 and 35 are very difficult to come off. If the contrast thread is removed, there is a concern that the surgical gauze is not projected even if X-ray imaging is performed, and it is difficult to find the surgical gauze and remains in the body. Even if a pulling force is applied to the contrast threads 34 and 35, they cannot be easily removed, so the above-mentioned concerns are almost eliminated and the safety is further improved.
[0030]
In addition, since the two contrast threads 34 and 35 are lined up next to each other, when X-ray contrast is performed, the contrast threads appear to be thick and overlap when viewed from the direction where they appear to line in a plane ( In contrast imaging from the side end direction (the direction of arrow C in FIG. 1), it looks brighter and brighter than in the case of one, so it is easy to find. Even if one contrast thread is woven like a conventional surgical gauze, it is folded indefinitely in the body, so there are not a few overlapping portions of the contrast thread, and that part is bright and shining. However, in the case where the contrast yarns 34 and 35 are adjacent as in the first embodiment, not only are they folded and overlapped, but also the contrast from the side end direction (the direction of arrow C in FIG. 1). Even in such a case, the images appear to overlap each other, and the probability that the contrast yarns overlap in this way increases, so the visibility is further improved.
[0031]
<Embodiment 2>
FIG. 3 is a front view showing a surgical gauze (surgical fabric) 40 according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention. The same components as those in FIGS. 1 and 10 are denoted by the same reference numerals to avoid redundant description.
[0032]
The surgical gauze 40 according to the second embodiment is formed by forming a high weave density portion 52 having a high weave density in the vicinity of the cut end portion 55 on the warp side, and other configurations are the same as those of the first embodiment.
[0033]
In the surgical gauze 40, the tightening force by the high weave density portion 52 is further applied, and the contrast threads 34 and 35 are more difficult to come off. Therefore, it is possible to prevent a situation in which the surgical gauze 40 cannot be found because the contrast yarn has been removed. Similarly to the first embodiment, since the two contrast threads 34 and 35 are adjacent to each other in the surgical gauze 40, the probability that the contrast threads overlap and X-ray contrast is increased, and the overlapping portion is brightly shining. Excellent visibility.
[0034]
In the first and second embodiments, the diameter of the contrast thread is 0.53 mm. In general, the diameter of the contrast thread is 0.57 mm, 0.65 mm, and 0.85 mm. Even when these contrast yarns are used, they are sufficiently thick with respect to the gauze yarn (generally about 0.15 mm in diameter) and are very difficult to come off due to being strongly tightened by the cross gauze yarn.
[0035]
In the first and second embodiments, the surgical gauze 30 and 40 woven with two contrast threads are shown, but three or more woven gauze may be woven. However, if there are too many contrast threads, water absorption and flexibility may be impaired.
[0036]
In addition, in Embodiments 1 and 2 described above, the contrast yarns are woven as warps, but may be woven as wefts.
[0037]
In the first and second embodiments, the gauze body is composed of 40th cotton yarn, but is not limited to this, and other thickness cotton yarn (for example, 30th yarn) may be used. Other fibers such as rayon and cupra may be woven using yarns such as single or mixed or combined yarns.
[0038]
Further, in Embodiments 1 and 2 described above, a surgical gauze of 30 cm × 30 cm is shown. However, the gauze for compression hemostasis such as 1 cm × 15 cm is not limited thereto, and an endoscopic gauze such as 3 cm × 20 cm, The present invention can be applied to various woven fabrics used for surgery, such as a gauze for peeling that is 3 cm × 3 cm by folding the gauze.
[0039]
<Experiment>
With respect to the surgical gauze 40 (sample Nos. 1 to 6) similar to that of the second embodiment and the surgical gauze (sample Nos. 7 to 9) of the conventional example {circle around (1)}, the strength (withdrawal) strength test of the contrast thread was performed. went. Each of these sample Nos. 1 to 9 has a warp of 30 cm × weft of 30 cm, sample Nos. 1 to 6 have two contrast yarns adjacent to each other, and sample Nos. 7 to 9 have contrast yarns. Is woven in one warp direction. In addition, with respect to gauze only in which no contrast yarn is woven (warp 30 cm × weft 30 cm) (sample Nos. 10 to 12), a pulling (dropping) strength test was performed on one gauze yarn constituting the gauze. . In both cases, the gauze thread has a diameter of 0.15 mm, and the contrast thread has a diameter of 0.53 mm.
[0040]
As for the test method, for sample Nos. 1 to 9, the sample is cut to a width of 5 cm so that the contrast thread is in the center in the longitudinal direction (30 cm × 5 cm strip-shaped), and a part of one end 5 cm in the longitudinal direction In FIG. 5, only the gauze thread was excised to obtain only the contrast thread, and only the contrast thread was excised from the other end 5 cm in the longitudinal direction to obtain only the gauze thread. Regarding Samples Nos. 4 to 6, one of the two contrast yarns was cut off at a portion of one end 5 cm in the longitudinal direction. These excised portions were used as grip portions (FIG. 4: diagram for explaining the method of the pullout strength test (part 1)). For Sample Nos. 10 to 12, one gauze yarn in the warp direction was regarded as the contrast yarn, and one end 5 cm and the other end 5 cm in the longitudinal direction were cut out in the same manner as described above to form grips. In both cases, the grip interval is 25 cm.
[0041]
Using a fixed elongation type tensile tester (same as the tester used in JIS L 1906 5.3.1), the sample gripping part is gripped by the chuck part 71 of this tester so that the sample is not loose. The sample was pulled at a tensile rate of 20 cm / min (load cell rating: 50 N), and the pulling resistance load at that time was measured (FIG. 5: To explain the method of pulling strength test) (Part 2)). The results are shown in Table 1, and the measurement result charts are shown in FIGS. 6 to 9, the vertical axis represents the load of the pulling resistance, and the horizontal axis represents the elongation (the separation width of the chuck portion 71).
[0042]
[Table 1]
Figure 0004173771
[0043]
As can be seen from Table 1 and FIGS. 6-9, sample Nos. 1-6, in which two contrast yarns are woven adjacent to each other, compared to sample Nos. 7-9, in which one contrast yarn is woven, In any case, the maximum load is large and the resistance to pulling out is very excellent. In particular, in the case where both of the two contrast threads are applied with the pulling force (Sample Nos. 1 to 3), the contrast thread is cut, and from this, when the two contrast threads are grasped and pulled out It can be seen that the contrast thread is cut before the contrast thread is pulled out, and the remaining contrast thread remains in the surgical gauze. Moreover, as can be seen from the value of the maximum pulling resistance of samples No. 1 to 6 (average of samples No. 1 to 3 is 18.434N, average of samples No. 4 to 6 is 7.265N), the gauze itself is damaged. It can be seen that the contrast thread cannot be pulled out unless a force large enough to cause (or break) is applied. Further, Sample Nos. 10 to 12 were measured by measuring the pulling resistance of the gauze yarn. As can be seen from the comparison between the results of Sample Nos. 10 to 12 and the results of Sample Nos. Nos. 1 to 6 have remarkably excellent resistance to drawing out the contrast yarn.
[0044]
Samples Nos. 1 to 12 all have a high weave density portion in the vicinity of the cut end portion on the warp side, but the high weave density portion is removed by cutting the gauze yarn on one end side in the longitudinal direction. Since the high weave density portion is also gripped by the chuck portion 71 on the other end side, the high-weave density portion is not involved in the drawing resistance load of the contrast yarn or the gauze yarn in this test. Therefore, the surgical gauze 40 of the second embodiment is actually more resistant to pulling out due to the high weave density portion 52.
[0045]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, in the surgical fabric of the present invention, since the contrast yarn is very difficult to be removed, the contrast yarn hardly falls out of the surgical fabric. ) Is not projected, and thus safety is further improved.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a surgical gauze (surgical fabric) according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a side view showing a contrast thread in the surgical gauze according to the first embodiment.
FIG. 3 is a front view showing a surgical gauze (surgical fabric) according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a diagram (No. 1) for explaining a method of a pull-out strength test.
FIG. 5 is a diagram for explaining a method of a pull-out strength test (No. 2).
FIG. 6 is a chart showing measurement results of a pull-out strength test for sample Nos. 1 to 3;
FIG. 7 is a chart showing measurement results of a pull-out strength test for sample Nos. 4-6.
FIG. 8 is a chart showing measurement results of a pullout strength test for sample Nos. 7 to 9;
FIG. 9 is a chart showing measurement results of a pullout strength test of sample Nos. 10-12.
FIG. 10 is a front view showing a surgical gauze according to the conventional example {circle around (1)}.
FIG. 11 is a front view showing an endoscopic surgical gauze according to the conventional example (2).
12A is an enlarged view showing the vicinity of a heat fusion part in the endoscopic surgical gauze shown in FIG. 11, and FIG. 12B is a sectional view taken along line BB shown in FIG.
FIG. 13 is an enlarged front view of the surgical gauze of the conventional example (3).
[Explanation of symbols]
30, 40 Surgical gauze 31 Warp gauze yarn 32 Weft gauze yarn 33 Gauze body 34, 35 Contrast yarn 52 High weave density portion 54 Woven cloth ear portion 55 Warp yarn side cut end portion 71 Chuck portion

Claims (2)

造影糸を備えた手術用織物において、
前記造影糸の太さが、手術用織物本体を構成する糸の太さに対して3倍以上であり、
造影糸が隣接して2本以上織り込まれことを特徴とする手術用織物。
In surgical fabrics with contrast threads,
The thickness of the contrasting thread is at least 3 times the thickness of the thread constituting the surgical textile body,
Surgical fabric, characterized in that said opaque filament is woven two or more adjacent.
前記造影糸がマルチフィラメントである請求項1に記載の手術用織物。  The surgical fabric according to claim 1, wherein the contrast yarn is a multifilament.
JP2003162429A 2003-06-06 2003-06-06 Surgical fabric Expired - Lifetime JP4173771B2 (en)

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JP4669298B2 (en) * 2005-02-10 2011-04-13 白十字株式会社 Disposable sanitary member and method for manufacturing the same
JP4657041B2 (en) * 2005-07-13 2011-03-23 白十字株式会社 gauze
JP2008029549A (en) * 2006-07-28 2008-02-14 Hakujuji Co Ltd Medical gauze
JP2017080044A (en) * 2015-10-27 2017-05-18 マルチゲート メディカル プロダクツ ピーティーワイ リミテッドMultigate Medical Products Pty Ltd Surgical sponge
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