JP4165648B2 - Components and methods of moment resistant building frame structures - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention (structure and method) relates to a building structure, and more particularly a novel column / beam / retainer frame that acts to provide an improved and very capable building moment resistant framework. It relates to a connecting structure (and a method related thereto). Characteristic in the practice of the present invention is the unique support surface and retaining frame interconnection structure that joins adjacent columns and beams at the intersections between them.

Much attention is being paid to ongoing efforts to improve building framework structures, especially to improve building framework structures, so that some lateral loads such as earthquakes can be successfully handled. Focus on how to connect upright columns and horizontal beams.

  The present invention specifically addresses this issue and in doing so provides several unique and significant benefits in building frame construction and ultimate building frame performance.

  In accordance with the preferred embodiment of the present invention and the method of practicing the present invention, the present invention provides that each end of the beam is interconnected through a unique collar structure that substantially surrounds the sides and long axis of the column. It proposes a structure and method of column-beam interconnection that is joined to a column at a node and transmits compressive loads derived from moment loads by beams through opposing support surfaces. In particular, as the moment load transmitted from the beam to the column is transmitted through compression, a compressive load in the opposite direction that branches (offset) in the vertical direction in the column is generated, and this compressive load is related to this. Moment is generated in the column. For each lateral load and every lateral load received by the building framework assembled according to the present invention, all lateral loads are basically equally shared by all columns, and as a result, the building constructed in the conventional manner. Compared to the frame structure, the building frame structure constructed according to the present invention avoids any single column from receiving more load than any other column. As will become apparent below, this important feature of the present invention is that, as long as it works, this makes it possible in many instances to build a building to exceed the minimum requirements of building rules, and thus Opportunities to use the building framework according to the present invention in situations where the conventional framework structure cannot meet the regulatory requirements.

  The knot connection according to the practice of the present invention functions to produce what are called three-dimensional multi-axis moment coupling, load transfer interconnection and beam-column interaction, respectively.

  Focusing on the specific load transfer interaction that occurs between a single column and the moment-bearing beam connected to it, this load is angled around the long axis of the column. In a plurality of support surface regions arranged to form, they are compressed and joined into the column by a corresponding single knot-stop frame structure. The coupling of compressive load transfer is not limited to a single working surface or a local region that transmits the load. Since the compression pair is generated, the load handling capacity of the column is fully utilized.

  The proposed knot-stop frame structure includes an internal part that is fixed to the outer surface of the column by welding, and an external lock frame that is composed of parts that are also fixed to both ends of the beam by welding. The internal and external clasp parts are preferably simultaneously molded and precision molded and / or machined, and are pre-assembled into columns and beams in an automated factory-type environment rather than assembled on the outside construction site. It is also preferable to join to. Therefore, the retaining frame parts of the present invention can be applied to economical and high-precision manufacturing and assembly of columns and beams and then delivered to a building site ready for accurate assembly.

  As will become apparent upon understanding each of the coupling structures (geometry) proposed by the present invention for the retaining frame parts, these parts are fundamental to the building in the early and late assembly of the building framework. It plays an important role in performance.

  For each pair of adjacent columns that are upright (perpendicularly) upright in the area of connection between the beam and the column and in the construction site space, when the beam is lowered to a horizontal position, at both ends of the beam The outer retaining frame part being carried is seated through the special square support surface coupling structure (geometry) provided in the outer retaining frame part and in the opposing inner retaining frame part under the influence of gravity. This support surface coupling shape effectively guides and collects the lowered beams and the two associated columns, and then these connected beams and column members are essentially exactly aligned with each other in the space. To a stable, gravity-locked state. The arrangement of male / female cleats / sockets formed in and adjacent to the opposing support surface portions of the inner and outer clasp parts functions under the influence of gravity during such pre-building construction. In addition to enabling locking and positioning of each connected frame part by gravity, it is possible to quickly and greatly reduce lateral loads without further assembly at the joint where the column-beam crosses. Stable and moment resistant.

  Following pre-frame assembly, suitable tension bolts are preferably introduced in the retaining frame structure, in particular in the parts of the outer retaining frame structure, so that the inner and outer retaining frame structures are not separated effectively. A component that locks and bears an available tensile load is introduced into the outer retaining frame structure. Carrying such a tensile load plays an important role in how the structure of the present invention collects the moment load of the beam and joins it in multiple directions within the column.

  The opposing surfaces between the inner and outer clasp components serve as support surfaces that deliver or transmit moment loads (transmitted in the beam) directly into the column as compressive loads. In particular, these support surfaces send such a compressive load to the column at multiple points arranged to form an angle around the long axis of the column (because the retaining frame surrounds the column axis). To). As for coping with the moment load of the beam, such load distribution almost fully utilizes the load transmission capability of the column.

  Thus, the building frame structure assembled according to the present invention results in a significantly stable, high performance frame where all lateral loads are multiaxial via compression and columns at each placed knot. And is distributed relatively uniformly and evenly throughout the entire frame structure. Such a frame structure does not require any bracing or shear walls, and will later incorporate both the outer surface structure and the inner floor structure (within the building being built). Can be easily handled.

  A node interconnection between a beam and a column according to the present invention can be envisioned as a discontinuous floating connection at least from a series of perspectives, which state flows structurally from beam to column. A discontinuity in the sense that there is no continuous (homogeneous) metal or other material path, and a floating state in the sense that if desired, the beam and column can be separated non-destructively for special purposes It is. Considering the latter from another point of view, the boundary surface of the connectivity existing between the beam and the column according to the present invention has a portion that is not subject to any deformation during the load processing. Is at the discontinuity between the beam and column at the nodal boundary.

  These and various other features and benefits provided by the present invention will become more fully apparent when the following description is read with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Turning attention to the figures and referring first to FIG. 1, a building framework structure constructed in accordance with the present invention is generally indicated at 20. This structure is also referred to herein as a building structure and a structural system. As will be appreciated by those skilled in the art, the skeleton structure 20 can be assembled and launched from any suitable underlying support structure, such as the ground, but in the special situation shown in FIG. A frame structure 20 is supported on the top of the “bottom foundation” building structure 22 that is pre-assembled and underlying, such as a garage, and is shown standing up from there. One reason why the structure 20 is illustrated herein in the context of being on the top of the “bottom foundation” structure 22 is provided by the present invention, which will be more fully and will be described shortly. This is to point out an important feature. In this regard, with respect to that shown in FIG. 1, bottom base structure 22, it should be noted that it comprises a sequence of posts arranged in a matrix, such as in particular shown by the reference numeral 22 a among the structural member. The features and advantages of the structure of the present invention just raised in the brief description to context, the position of the horizontal posts 22 arranged vertically and horizontally in a is in the framework 20 which will be described later fully this column Mention the fact that the position is different.

Accordingly, a plurality of upstanding elongate columns, such as indicated by reference numerals 24, 26, and 28, are included within the framework structure 20 and arranged in what is referred to as a longitudinal and lateral arrangement. Each major axes of the pillars 24, 26, 28 indicated by 24 a, 26 a, 28 a . At one height of the skeletal structure 20, elongated horizontal beams 36, 38, 40, 42, 44, 46, 48 connect a retaining frame structure or retaining frame (also referred to as a retaining frame type interconnection structure) 30, 32, 34. Each is connected to the pillars 24, 26, and 28. As with all the other retaining frames used in the skeleton structure 20, the retaining frames 30, 32, 34 are substantially the same in construction. The retaining frame 30 corresponds to the attachment of the beams 36 and 38 to the column 24. The retaining frame 32 corresponds to the attachment of the beams 38, 40, 42 to the column 26. The retaining frame 34 corresponds to the attachment of the beams 42, 44, 46, 48 to the pillar 28.

  Therefore, it should be understood that the particular embodiments of the present invention described herein illustrate a system that connects up to a total of four beams at a single knot connected to one column. As the present invention is described herein, those skilled in the art will readily introduce and adopt modifications of the present invention in order to fully accommodate a greater number of connections at a particular “connection node”. You will recognize that you can.

  Although the particular embodiments and methods of the invention shown herein are shown and described with respect to a building framework, the columns used in the invention are substantially hollow, made of steel, and generally rectangular. With four cross-sectionally connected outer-facing sides or surfaces. Also, the present invention will be described in connection with the use of a conventional I-shaped beam.

  The selection of the cross-sectional shapes of the columns and beams is considered to be illustrated, but this does not limit the scope of utility, the benefits provided by the present invention, and the features of the present invention. In other words, the structure and method of the present invention accommodates a wide range of beam and column shapes and materials.

Continuing with FIG. 1, in that figure, the aspect SEQ pillars within the framework structure 20, the position of the major axis of the concatenated pillars and long axis position of the pillar 22 a of the bottom base structure 22 of the above Note that there is not a one-to-one relationship. In addition, the foundation of the pillar in the frame structure 20 can be fixed to a predetermined position near the uppermost part of the lowermost base structure 22 by any appropriate method. In this specification, neither is illustrated nor described.

Turning now to FIGS. 1-6 as a whole, with respect to the interconnection or boundary area between the columns and beams according to the present invention, in particular the ends of each beam 42, 44, 46, 48 adjacent to the column 28. A region connected to the area will be described. The connection area, which is the node area (or node), is an area using the above-described retaining frame 34. It should be understood that the following description of the retaining frame 34 itself is an essentially detailed description of all the other retaining frames used in the framework structure 20. For this description, four orthogonally connected outwardly facing planes 28 b , 28 c , 28 d , 28 e of the column 28 are relevant.

As noted at the beginning Here, in FIG. 2, it is shown by dashed numeral 46 a may optionally can be used in the beam of the frame structure 20, which represents the normal beam optional "fuse (fuse)" It is. The functionality of a fuse as such a plastic yield protection device is well understood. Typical fuses 46 a is shown only in FIG. 2.

The retaining frame 34 includes an inner retaining frame structure (or column-attachable member or CA member) 50 and an outer retaining frame structure 52. These internal and external retaining frame structures are also referred to herein as gravity-supported surface structures or substructures. This internal clasp structure is composed of four parts indicated by reference numerals 54, 56, 58 and 60. The external retaining frame structure is composed of four parts (or beam-end-attachable members, that is, BA members) 62, 64, 66, and 68. These internal and external retaining frame components are preferably made by precision casting and / or machining, separate from the construction site, and each such component together with columns or beams at a location remote from the site. It is preferable to pre-assemble appropriately. Internal retaining frame parts 54, 56, 58, 60 are welded to the face 28 b, 28 c, 28 d , 28 e of the appropriate pillar 28. The outer frame components 62, 64, 66, 68 are appropriately welded to the ends of the beams 42, 44, 46, 48 near the column 28 as shown in FIGS. Such precision manufacturing and pre-assembly of the columns and beams results in what is recognized as a very high precision interconnection system between the beams and columns of the framework structure 20.

Each of the four parts (54, 56, 58, 60) making up the internal clasp structure 50 described above are essentially identical to other such parts, and therefore only the part 58 is detailed here. Explained. Parts 58 to some extent includes a plate-shaped member 58 a of the flat, inner plane 58 b is in the cylindrical surface 28 d and flush. Plate-like body 58 a also comprises an outer surface 58 c of the plane, the outer surface lies in a plane which is inclined slightly outwardly away from the longitudinal axis 28 a in the downward direction and the pillar 28 (in particular, FIGS. 3 and (See FIG. 5). Surface 58c is also referred to herein as a support surface.

Projecting outwardly from the plane 58 c as island-like as shown from a slightly upper portion of the vertical center line of the part 58 to substantially the bottom of the part 58, extending with a uniform thickness throughout, upward This is a wedge-shaped cleat 58 d which is tapered to the end. Lateral and edges facing upward of the cleat 58 d is inclined inwardly for reasons soon become apparent. The inward tilt is best seen in FIGS. 3, 4 and 6. Cleat 58 d is also referred to herein as a cleat structure and a gravitational effect first type structure.

In the building structure 20, the inner clasp piece 58 connects with the outer clasp piece 66 in the outer clasp structure 52 in a complementary manner as will be described. Some planar body of the component 66 has an outer surface 66 a that is welded to the beam 46 and arranged vertically within the framework structure 20. Component 66 also has a b wide inner surface 66 that is on the generally parallel to the plane of the above-mentioned component side 58 c of the inner retaining frame parts 58. Surface 66 b is also referred to as a supporting surface in the present specification.

An angular wedge-shaped socket 66 c sized to house the cleats 58 d so as to snuggle and complement each other is suitably formed in the main body of the component 66, and is formed from the surface 66 b to the inside of the main body. Is growing. In this specification, cleat 58 d and socket 66 c is referred to as the gravitational engagement type cleat and the socket structure together. Three lateral walls of the socket 66 c includes three edges which are inclined inward of the cleat 58 d (snug fits in) the appropriate angle to engage is attached. Socket 66 c is the gravitational effects also referred to herein as the second type structure.

Look at the both parts 58 and 66, when the finish of the description of each of its assembly, at the two lateral sides of the part 66, reference numeral 66 d, 66 e, 66 f, 66 4 single counterbore as indicated by g (Counter-sunk) bolt receiving perforations (boring holes) are formed. Three related cutouts denoted by reference numerals 58 e , 58 f , and 58 g are formed on the horizontal edge of the component main body 58 a . As shown in FIGS. 1 to 5 as a whole, when the components 58 and 66 are properly seated with each other, the notches 58 e , 58 f and 58 g are aligned with the holes 66 e , 66 f and 66 g , respectively. Appropriate dash-dot lines and crosses in FIGS. 4, 5 and 6 are the central axes of these (and other members) perforations and the axes (of which they are) aligned with the notches illustrated above. It shows a state. This notch in this specification is also called a bolt gap passage.

Returning to the “larger” view of the nodal point connection established in the clasp 34, the four beams that connect to the column 28 in the nodal point connection together form the entire clasp 34. It can be seen that they are connected through each part of the outer frame structure. In particular, when viewed along the longitudinal axis 28 a of the pillar, fastening frame 34 it should be noted that either surrounding the outside of the essentially pillar 28, or the surrounding. The outer retaining frame structure 52 is discontinuously seated on the inner retaining frame structure 50 (as described above) in a floating state.

When finishing the description of what is shown in FIG. 1 to FIG. 6 as a whole, a suitable pair of tension bolts and nuts are used to lock together the parts that make up the outer retaining frame structure. For the connection established through the retaining frame 34, four sets of four bolt and nut assemblies extend across the corners of the outer retaining frame structure at angles as shown to provide outer retaining frame structural parts 62, The side surfaces of 64, 66, and 68 are joined. Four such assemblies are generally designated 70, 72, 74, 76 in FIG. As shown in FIG. 4, the assembly 74, the notches 58 f and in the bolt clearance passages are made by certain which a pair of notches on the adjacent component 56, a bolt 74 a there is an elongated shaft 74 b that particular stretch including.

  These nut and bolt assemblies effectively lock the outer retaining frame structure around the inner retaining structure and prevent the outer retaining structure from moving vertically relative to the inner retaining structure. The bolt and nut assembly also functions as a member that transmits tension between adjacent outer frame components with respect to the moment load transmitted in the beam connected to the column 28 through the frame structure 34. The bolt and nut assembly ensures that the retaining frame 34 transmits the moment load in each beam to the column 28 in a surrounding manner.

  Referring to FIGS. 7-10 in general, these four figures (in the following, using new different reference numbers) serve to illustrate certain assemblies and optional features and benefits provided by the present invention. FIGS. 7 and 8 illustrate the stabilizing, positioning and aligning action that occurs when the beam is lowered into place for connection to the column through the retaining frame at an early stage of building frame assembly. ing. 9 and 10 generally illustrate how the device of the present invention handles the moment loads that occur uniquely in the beam, in particular, these moment loads are applied to the column through compression of the support surface. It explains how to process by transmitting to and around the long axis. As will become apparent below, some of the moment processing functions shown in FIGS. 9 and 10 also occur in the case shown in FIGS.

Referring to what is shown in FIG. 7, two upstanding columns 100, 102 and an unplaced, generally horizontal beam 104 are shown in fragmentary solid lines (positions to be moved). The pillar 100 is optionally installed with the internal clasp structure 106 at the desired height, and the pillar 102 is disposed with a similar internal clasp structure 108. For the purposes of describing what is shown in FIG. 7 herein, only two specific parts, internal clasp structures 106, 108 are relevant. These cleats 106 b of the support surface 106 a which is inclined in the closure frame 106 and connected thereto, each contain inclined support surfaces 108 a and protruding cleat 108 b into the retaining frame 108.

As described above, the two external frame structure parts 110 and 112 are welded to both ends of the beam 104. There are only two relevant structural features that need to be specifically identified and handled for parts 110 and 112, as can be said for the inner clasp structural parts that are just welded to the columns 100 and 102 just described. These include the inclined support surface 110 a and socket 110 b inside the component 110 and the inclined support surface 112 a and socket 11 2 b inside the component 112.

As shown in plan in FIG. 7, posts 100 and 102, it is indicated by a solid line is inclined in a direction away from each other, in particular, the long axis 100 a, 102 a of each pillar respectively vertically It occupies angles α ₁ and α ₂ shifted outward. References to these outward angular movements are made with reference to the vertical centerline of FIG. Note that the angular vertical misalignment shown in the pillars 100, 102 is exaggerated herein for purposes of explanation and illustration.

  In general, there is often (or always) some lack of verticality of columns that are not yet connected by the present invention, but the off-verticality (as a practical reality) is generally less than enough (retained). When the beam is lowered into place for attachment, such as by lowering the beam 110 to the columns 100, 102 for attachment (via the frame parts 106, 108, 110, 112), the opposing support at the ends of the beam The face and cleat and socket structure are close enough to each other to engage the parts without any special effort.

Assuming that beam 104 is lowered as indicated by arrow 113 and the angular misalignment exaggerated in FIG. 7 is not too great, parts 106, 110 begin to contact each other, and parts 108, 112 also Start touching. In greater detail, as the beam descends, each opposing cleat and socket (which is engaged at this point) begins to be nested in a complementary fashion. The beveled edges inside the lateral sides of the cleat begin to pull the two columns in the direction of each other in cooperation with the mating complementary lateral surfaces in the collective socket. In particular, the two pillars move angularly in the direction of each other (see arrows 115, 117) to the correct relative spacing, alignment and relative angular positioning, and finally the beam 110 is true Horizontal placement. Such a true horizontal state of the beam 104 naturally depends on an accurate relative vertical arrangement. Lowering the beam and urging the column into place as stated earlier is that the beam is locked in place by gravity and the cleat and socket socket are fully and intimately engaged so that the main support surface 106 a , 110 a and 108 a , 112 a face each other and face each other.

  Therefore, it will be clear that due to the act of lowering the beam in place, gravity effectively creates a stable and locked position between the pair of columns and the beam. . In addition to this action, the support surfaces facing each other near the ends of the beam and between the associated internal and external frame structural parts immediately position themselves (when affected by gravity) and immediately thereafter. And creating a situation to handle certain moment loads that the beam receives during the construction of the entire building framework.

  Although FIG. 7 was used to illustrate a particular situation on a single plane where the two pillars are outwardly extending away from each other, each pillar has a number of different relative angles to the vertical direction. It will be clear that the arrangement may be For example, as shown in FIG. 7, they may both be tilted in virtually the same direction, or they may be tilted in the direction toward each other. Further, the two pillars may be tilted in any or all of these various states, and may be tilted in and / or out of the plane of FIG.

  FIG. 8 schematically illustrates the more general case of this column non-verticality. This figure is shown in a somewhat three-dimensional way. Here, the clearly displayed arrangement of columns (vertical lines) and the layer of beams (diagonal lines) interconnected with the columns through the oval frame surrounding the beam-column intersection area Several elongated single lines are drawn for illustration. The oval black spot in the area with the line representing the beam, along with a single line of black arrows, suggests a conventional non-vertical angled position with respect to the upper area of the adjacent column. The arrows indicate the direction of adjustment that occurs when various of the different beams are lowered into place between the columns. The black dots and black arrows in this arrangement in FIG. 8 indicate that each column is in a different non-vertical state until the so-called beam layer is placed in place (by gravity) at a specific height of the frame structure. And a very typical situation with angles clearly.

  Referring further to FIG. 8, in addition to the small white egg-shaped dot on the right hand side and the short white arrow in the right hand, the black dot and the black arrow appearing on the left side of the figure are: In general, the situation described with reference to FIG.

Turning now to FIG. 9 and FIG. 10, Referring to FIG. 9, it has a shaft 120 a extending long in the figure, the pillar 120 that is coupled to the four beam through fastening frame 122 is shown 9 and only three of the four beams are shown in FIG. 9 (these are indicated by 124, 126, 128). Turning slightly to the side road and referring to FIG. 10, this figure shows the same beam and column arrangement, where a fourth beam 130 is shown.

  In FIG. 9, the beams 124 and 128 are shown in a state where a moment is applied as represented by arrows 132 and 134, respectively. When focusing on only one of these moments, specifically moment 132, this moment is coupled by support surface compression through the interior and exterior parts of retaining frame 122 as indicated by arrow 136. Therefore, the moment load received by the beam 124 (as shown in FIG. 9) is at least partially transmitted to the column 120 by the retaining frame 122 due to compression. Because of the unique construction of the retaining frame 122 according to the present invention and the presence of nut and bolt assemblies that transmit tension within the retaining frame 122, the outer retaining frame structure within the retaining frame 122 is also illustrated in FIG. The compression is transmitted through a support surface on the right side of the retaining frame 122. Such compression transmission is illustrated by arrow 138 in FIG.

  This is the case when the moment 132 is transmitted via compression of the support surface to angularly spaced locations arranged around the major axis 120a of the column 120 (at different angular positions). is there. As a result, the main load handling capability of the column 120 is required and used immediately to handle the moment 132.

  A moment 134 having the direction shown in FIG. 9 produces a similar type of effect in a manner of transmitting in a compressive manner through a support surface disposed at angularly spaced locations about the axis of the column 120.

  Thus, it can be seen that the unique structure of the nodal point interconnection in the relationship between the beam, the column and the retaining frame structure according to the present invention, the moment load is substantially subject to the total load handling force of each column. . Also, due to the fact that the overall framework structure assembled by the present invention is made up of a network of assembled and functioning clasp-type knots interconnected as described herein, Any lateral load imparted to such a building framework structure is essentially completely distributed throughout the structure and is handled fairly evenly throughout and by all the columns connected and connected.

  FIG. 10 shows how a lateral load becomes present in each beam to produce a horizontal moment load as indicated by arrows 140, 142, 144, 146 on a particular plane of the beam. . When such moment loads are present, each of those loads is effectively distributed as support surface compression, through the retaining frame structure, to the sides of a plurality of angularly distributed columns such as columns 120. . Such compression transmission at a plurality of locations of the moment loads 140, 142, 144, and 146 is indicated by arrows 148, 150, 152, and 154.

  Thanks to the method generally described shortly before, the structure of the present invention works to handle moment loads in the beam, the frame assembled according to the present invention can be used as shown in FIG. That is, on the uppermost part of the lowermost foundation structure, the pillars in the upper structure with respect to the lowermost foundation structure are not aligned with the pillars of the lowermost foundation structure. An important reason for this advantage is that all the columns in the longitudinal and lateral arrangement of the columns, which are connected through the clasp-type nodal points assembled by the present invention, are relatively even when subjected to the lateral load applied to the upper frame. The structure of the present invention is to distribute the load so as to share the load. Specifically, all columns must be aligned with the underlying structural columns at least up to a certain size of the upper building, which is larger than any generally permitted today under applicable building codes. Share the load so that it can be used without any problems.

  Another important feature of the present invention already suggested in the beginning is that each part of the retaining frame structure can be accurately pre-fabricated even in a factory-type environment and automatic control. Building frames can be assembled with advanced construction simplicity and accuracy. Not only that, the special shape proposed for the internal and external frame components that connect the beams and columns to each other allows the framework to transform the external frame structure into various internal components under the influence of gravity during assembly. Even before the introduction of a bolt assembly that supports the tension to rigidly lock and prevent separation of the inner and outer retaining frame parts, it is locked in a stable and fully momentable state.

  A further obvious advantage of the invention is that the components proposed by the invention are very simple to assemble and can be produced economically.

  In accordance with the present invention, there is a knot interconnection with the floating and discontinuous nature previously described herein, so that after some lateral load has occurred, A skeletal structure is “returned” to the state it was in before it occurred.

  Thus, while preferred embodiments of the invention and methods of practicing the invention have been illustrated and described, it will be understood that variations and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention.

A part of a building framework constructed in accordance with the present invention, shown as an assembly step supported on the top of the lower building structure, referred to herein as the bottom foundation, assembled in advance of the foundation, etc. FIG. FIG. 2 is a cut-away partial isometric view showing a retaining frame structure used at one node in the building framework structure of FIG. 1 according to the present invention. FIG. 3 is a partial cross-sectional view taken along line 3-3 in FIG. 2. FIG. 4 is a partial cross-sectional view taken along line 4-4 of FIG. FIG. 5 is a partial cross-sectional view taken along line 5-5 in FIG. FIG. 3 is a partial isometric view of the corners showing the structure of a pair of internal and external retaining frame parts constructed and functioning according to the present invention and the functional relationship between the pair of parts. The features of the present invention, including the action of lowering the horizontal beam by gravity to a predetermined position between a pair of adjacent columns, immediately produces a moment-resistant, spatially appropriately configured overall building framework structure. FIG. The features of the present invention, including the action of lowering the horizontal beam by gravity to a predetermined position between a pair of adjacent columns, immediately produces a moment-resistant, spatially appropriately configured overall building framework structure. FIG. 8 is a diagram different from FIG. FIG. 4 is a diagram showing how a retaining frame part incorporated according to the present invention acts to process beam moment loads and distribute them within a column. FIG. 4 is a diagram showing how a retaining frame part incorporated according to the present invention acts to process beam moment loads and distribute them within a column.

Claims (14)

An elongated pillar,
An elongated beam,
A retaining frame structure connecting the end of the beam to the column, the retaining frame structure compressing through a plurality of opposing support surfaces arranged to form an angle about the major axis of the column. A moment resistant column / beam structure system for transmitting moment load between the beam and the column by:
A moment resistant column / beam structure system, wherein the retaining frame structure includes an outer retaining frame structure fixed to an end portion of the beam, and side surfaces of the outer retaining frame structure are joined by bolts and nuts .   The retaining frame structure can be attached to the pillar and can be attached to the pillar, and can be attached to the beam and seated from a state where it floats on the CA member mainly under the influence of gravity and can be attached to the beam end The structural system of claim 1, comprising a BA member. A CA member that can be attached to a pole in the form of a retaining frame including a plurality of interconnecting support surfaces;
A BA frame member that can be attached to a beam end in the form of a retaining frame including a plurality of interconnecting support surfaces;
The CA and BA members are assembled to interconnect each of their support surfaces by gravity in a self-seeking and complementary manner with each other facing and resisting the support surfaces. Self-stabilizing for buildings, moment resistance, establishing satisfactory three-dimensional positional stability and moment resistance between the two members without requiring any other interconnection structure, An interlocking structure for elongate pillars / elongate beams in the form of a retaining frame,
The BA member includes a part interconnected by a plurality of bolts, the CA member includes a bolt gap passage, and the bolt including the CA member and the BA member seated to each other and including a shaft interconnects the BA sub-members. In this state, the shaft of the bolt extends in the gap passage to prevent poor seating of the two members.   The interconnect structure according to claim 3, wherein the CA member and the BA member are cleats and sockets that can be complementarily engaged.   The interconnect structure according to claim 3, wherein the CA member and the BA member are seated with each other, and each of the support surfaces is on a plane inclined in a direction away from the long axis of the column. A plurality of upright columns arranged in a vertical and horizontal arrangement in plan view and intended to act as a load transmitting member that transmits all loads from the building structure to the external support structure;
A plurality of generally horizontal beams extending between the different pairs of columns;
In particular, such loads are transmitted to all the columns transmitting the load and correspondingly shared by the columns so that all loads transmitted to the building structure are received substantially throughout the entire column and beam. A multi-axis three-dimensional moment-resistant interlocking structure that interconnects the columns and the beams in operative proximity, and can be mounted on an external support structure A building structure,
The interconnect structure connects the end of the beam to the column and compresses through a plurality of opposing support surfaces arranged to form an angle about the long axis of the column; Transmit moment load to and from the column,
A building structure, wherein the interconnect structure includes an external interconnect structure fixed to an end portion of the beam, and side surfaces of the external interconnect structure are joined with bolts and nuts . Moment-resistant space-positioning and stabilizing interconnect structure that connects the end of a horizontally elongated beam to a vertically upright column during pre-assembly of the building and is operable In a state
A first internal interconnection type retaining frame structure fixed to such a column so as to surround the long axis of the column and including a first gravity-supporting sub-structure;
A second outer interconnected retaining frame structure, which is secured adjacent to the end of such a beam and includes a second gravity utilizing support surface substructure;
By allowing the second support surface substructure to engage in a seated state on and against the first support surface substructure under the influence of gravity during pre-assembly of the building An interconnection structure that establishes the interconnection between the column and beam, which is momentarily locked, stabilized, and moment-resistant, which generates the correct spatial position of the column and beam in the building; Because
The interconnect structure connects the end of the beam to the column and compresses through a plurality of opposing support surfaces arranged to form an angle about the long axis of the column; Transmit moment load to and from the column,
The interconnection structure includes an external interconnection structure fixed to an end portion of the beam, and a side surface of the external interconnection structure is joined by a bolt and a nut . Providing the elongate column with a plurality of compression receiving support surfaces disposed at a plurality of different locations spaced angularly about the major axis of the column at selected locations along its entire length;
The end of the elongate beam is passed through a plurality of compression delivery support surfaces that are separate from the support surface described above, in the vicinity of the selected location of the column, but at the selected location. A step to join to
With respect to the moment load applied to the beam, the step of transmitting the load to the column through compression that occurs simultaneously between a plurality of support surfaces of the compression receiving and compression sending surfaces, the end of the beam being A retaining frame structure coupled to the column, wherein the retaining frame structure is compressed through a plurality of opposing support surfaces arranged to form an angle about a major axis of the column; Moment load is transmitted to and from the column, and the retaining frame structure has an outer retaining frame structure fixed to the end of the beam, and the side surfaces of the outer retaining frame structure are joined by bolts and nuts. , Step, and a method for processing moment load of a column / beam. A moment-resistant interconnect structure that establishes a three-dimensional, multi-axis moment coupling, load-carrying interconnect and interaction between an elongated column and an elongated beam,
An internal retaining frame structure that can be selectively fixed to such a column so as to surround the long axis of the column,
As a discontinuous, surrounding support surface that can be selectively joined to the end of such a beam and is coupled to the internal frame structure for compressive transmission of moment load between the connected beam and column An interconnecting structure comprising an external retaining frame structure configured;
The interconnect structure connects the ends of the beam to the column and compresses the beam through a plurality of opposing support surfaces arranged to form an angle about the long axis of the column. And transmitting the moment load between the column and the column,
The interconnection structure includes an external interconnection structure fixed to an end portion of the beam, and a side surface of the external interconnection structure is joined by a bolt and a nut . An interconnecting structure that transmits the load of the moment resistant bearing surface between the elongated column and the elongated beam in operation;
Joined to such a column to form an internal retaining frame structure that substantially surrounds the long axis of the column, spaced angularly with respect to and about the long axis of the column A first support surface structure comprising a plurality of support surfaces each facing outwardly at different positions;
Joined to the end of such a beam to form an outer retaining frame structure which is also substantially enclosed around the long axis of the column and arranged as a covering surrounding the inner retaining frame structure, the first support A second support surface structure comprising a plurality of support surfaces each facing and facing at least one of the support surfaces of the surface structure;
The opposing support surfaces of the first support surface structure and the second support surface structure face each other so as to face each other, and therefore between the column and the beam, in the beam. An interconnect structure comprising a connector structure that operably couples the first support surface structure and the second support surface structure so as to facilitate transmission of a compressive load derived from a transmitted moment load,
The interconnect structure connects the ends of the beam to the column and compresses the beam through a plurality of opposing support surfaces arranged to form an angle about the long axis of the column. Transmit moment load between the column and the column,
The interconnection structure includes the external retaining frame structure fixed to an end portion of the beam, and a side surface of the external retaining frame structure is joined with a bolt and a nut . A plurality of elongate pillars each including an internal retaining frame structure that includes a first type gravitational effect type cleat structure and surrounds it in the axial direction at one or more points along its entire length;
A plurality of elongate beams each attached to both ends thereof adjacent to an outer frame structure including a second type gravitational effect type cleat structure capable of complementary engagement with the first type cleat structure under the influence of gravity And
Due to the gravitational engagement between the first type cleat structure and the second type cleat structure, they are locked and stabilized by gravity between them, that is, between the connected columns and beams. A building structure of gravity-locked and self-positioning and moment-stabilizing frame that creates an interconnection between columns and beams, with moment resistance determined by
The interconnect connects the end of the beam to the column and compresses the beam and the beam by compressing through a plurality of opposing support surfaces arranged to form an angle about the long axis of the column. Transmit moment load to and from the column,
The building structure, wherein the interconnection includes the outer retaining frame structure fixed to an end of the beam, and the side surfaces of the outer retaining frame structure are joined with bolts and nuts . Pillars,
The beam,
In a plurality of regions that are operatively placed in between and arranged to form moments generated by the beam substantially only through the interconnect structure and at the same time forming an angle around the long axis of the column A moment resistant column / beam structure system comprising: an interconnect structure interconnecting ends of the beam to the column for transmission to the column;
A moment resistant column / beam structure system, wherein the interconnect structure comprises an external interconnect structure fixed to an end of the beam, and the side surfaces of the external interconnect structure are joined by bolts and nuts . A multi-axis, two-dimensional moment-resistant building structure comprising a plurality of columns, a plurality of beams, and a plurality of interconnection clasps that connect the adjacent columns and beams to each other at a node. A building structure that distributes and transmits all loads transmitted to the building structure to the entire structure by the interconnection clasps,
The interconnecting retaining frame connects the ends of the beam to the column and compresses through a plurality of opposing support surfaces arranged to form an angle about the long axis of the column. Transmit moment load between the column and the column,
The building structure, wherein the interconnecting frame includes an external frame structure fixed to an end of the beam, and side surfaces of the external frame structure are joined by bolts and nuts .   The building structure according to claim 13, wherein the retaining frame is configured to distribute the moment load existing in the beam to the pillar through the retaining frame in a form of compressing the support surface.

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