JP4162627B2 - Semi-dry processing equipment - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a semi-dry processing apparatus used for machining such as cutting.

In a machine tool that performs machining such as cutting, lubrication of a cutting edge of a tool such as a drill is ensured, and machining is performed while supplying cutting oil to cool the cutting edge. The semi-dry processing apparatus is an apparatus that supplies a mist-like cutting oil to a processing position of a tool for processing, and is designed to perform processing while suppressing the amount of cutting oil used as much as possible.
For example, a semi-dry machining apparatus described in Patent Document 1 includes a mist pipe provided in a spindle for supporting a tool and a mist pipe provided in a machining apparatus for oil mist generated by a venturi system. The semi-dry machining apparatus described in Patent Document 2 is provided with a non-rotating mist supply pipe in the main shaft, and the mist supply pipe is formed in a mist shape. An oil mist is supplied to the machining position of the tool by feeding the cutting oil.
JP 2003-94285 A JP 2003-145392 A

  As described above, in the case of an apparatus configured to provide a flow path for supplying oil mist in the main shaft of the processing apparatus and to supply oil mist to the machining position of the tool via the flow path to perform semi-dry processing. In addition, it is necessary to prepare a device for generating oil mist in advance separately from the processing device, and there is a problem that the device becomes large or complicated. Also, since oil mist is passed through the flow path and supplied to the machining position of the tool, the amount of oil mist supplied can be controlled and the properties of the oil mist can be adjusted according to the machining content of the machining equipment. There was a problem that was difficult.

  Accordingly, the present invention has been made to solve these problems, and an object of the present invention is to effectively utilize industrial air supplied to a holder attached to the spindle and to supply cutting oil supplied from the spindle. It is intended to provide a semi-dry machining apparatus that can easily and semi-dry-process a mechanism part that generates oil mist by mixing mist and industrial air in a mist form.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention comprises the following arrangement.
That is, a holder for supporting a tool, a spindle having a holder mounting portion on which the holder is detachably mounted, and a drive mechanism for rotationally driving the spindle, the cutting oil and industrial air are mixed in a mist form. A semi-dry machining apparatus using oil mist for machining, wherein the spindle has an air supply path for supplying industrial air to the holder mounted on the holder mounting portion and a cutting oil supply path for supplying cutting oil. The industrial air supplied by the air supply path and the cutting oil supplied by the cutting oil supply path are mixed in a mist to generate an oil mist, and supplied by the air supply path. And a cutting oil supply control valve mechanism which is operated by industrial air and controls the supply of the cutting oil to the mist generating unit.

  In addition, since the mist generation unit and the cutting oil supply control valve mechanism are provided in the holder, it is not necessary to prepare a device for generating oil mist separately from the processing device, and a semi-dry processing device In addition to simplifying the configuration, the apparatus can be configured as a compact device that enables semi-dry processing.

  The holder includes an air flow path for guiding industrial air supplied by the air supply path to the mist generating section, and a cutting oil flow path for guiding cutting oil supplied by the cutting oil supply path to the mist generating section. The cutting oil supply control valve mechanism is operated by the supply pressure of the industrial air supplied by the air supply path, and the industrial air valve section that varies the flow area of the air flow path, A cutting oil valve portion that is provided integrally with the industrial air valve portion and makes the flow passage area of the cutting oil flow passage variable is provided. As a result, it is possible to adjust the property of the oil mist and the injection amount of the oil mist by adjusting the industrial air and the cutting oil guided to the mist generating unit.

  Further, the industrial air valve section is disposed across the cutting oil flow path, a cylinder in which an inlet and an outlet of the cutting oil flow path open on an inner surface, and a tip of the air flow path in the air flow path. A valve body formed in contact with a valve seat provided in the cylinder and sliding in the cylinder, and the cutting oil valve portion is arranged along an outer periphery of the piston, and the piston is connected to the industrial air. A cutting oil communication groove is provided that allows the inlet and the outlet to communicate with each other when slid by being pushed by the supply pressure of industrial air supplied through the supply passage.

  According to the semi-dry processing apparatus according to the present invention, by operating the cutting oil supply control valve mechanism by the industrial air supplied from the main shaft and controlling the supply of the cutting oil to the mist generating unit, the industrial air and the cutting oil The oil mist can be generated effectively using the oil, and semi-dry processing can be performed using the oil mist generated in the mist generating unit. Further, since the cutting oil supply control valve mechanism is configured to be operated by industrial air, it is possible to appropriately control the supply amount and properties of the oil mist.

  1 to 6 show the configuration of an embodiment of a semi-dry processing apparatus according to the present invention. In the semi-dry processing apparatus 1 of the present embodiment, a holder 30 that holds a tool is detachably mounted on a spindle 10 that is rotationally driven by a drive mechanism, and a mist generating unit 300 is provided inside the holder 30, and the holder 30 is individually provided. The cutting oil and industrial air supplied to the mist are mixed in a mist form by the mist generating unit 300 to generate oil mist, and the oil mist is supplied to the tool held in the holder 30 to perform semi-dry processing. Has been.

FIG. 1 shows the overall configuration of the semi-dry processing apparatus 1, FIG. 2 shows the configuration of the holder 30 and the non-operating state of the mist generating unit 300 of the semi-dry processing apparatus 1, and FIG. 3 shows the operating state of the mist generating unit 300. FIG. 4 shows an enlarged internal configuration of the holder. 5 shows the arrangement of the air flow paths in the mist generating unit 300, and FIG. 6 shows the configuration of the open / close valve unit 90 used in the semi-dry processing apparatus 1.
Hereinafter, regarding the semi-dry machining apparatus 1 of the present embodiment, the configuration of the main shaft 10, the holder 30, the mist generating unit 300, and the opening / closing valve unit 90 will be described in order.

[Spindle configuration]
First, the configuration of the main shaft 10 will be described with reference to FIG.
The main shaft 10 includes an outer cylinder 10b and a main body 10a that is rotatably supported by the outer cylinder 10b around an axis. The main spindle body 10a is rotationally driven around an axis line by a rotational drive mechanism (not shown). A holder mounting portion 110 for detachably mounting the holder 30 to the main shaft 10 is provided at one end of the main shaft body 10a. The holder mounting portion 110 includes a fitting recess 11 into which a fitting portion 33 formed in the holder 30 is slid, and an engagement recess 12 into which an engaging protrusion 34 protruding outward from the other end of the holder 30 is inserted. Consists of.

The inner peripheral surface on the opening side of the fitting recess 11 is formed as a conical surface 11a that gradually decreases in diameter toward the inside, and the fitting portion 33 formed in the holder 30 is also gradually reduced toward the other end side. The conical surfaces 11a and 33a are formed so as to be in sliding contact with each other in a hermetically sealed state when the holder 30 is mounted on the holder mounting portion 110 of the main shaft 10.
A through hole 13 is provided in the axial direction in the shaft core of the main spindle body 10a, and the inner block 14 is fitted and fixed at the position of the inner end of the fitting recess 11, and the inner surface of the inner block 14 on the fitting recess 11 side. The engaging recess 12 is provided in the recess. A plurality of engagement balls 15 are locked to the inner peripheral surface of the engagement recess 12 at a predetermined interval in the circumferential direction so that the outer surface slightly protrudes inward.

An O-ring 114 is attached to the outer peripheral surface of the inner block 14 fitted and fixed in the through hole 13 of the main shaft 10, and the space between the outer peripheral surface of the inner block 14 and the inner peripheral surface of the through hole 13 is hermetically and liquid tightly sealed. Is done.
A flow path 16a is provided through the central portion of the inner block 14 in a direction perpendicular to the axial direction, and the inner tube 16 is inserted into the other end side of the inner block 14 so as to communicate with the flow path 16a. Has been. An O-ring 116 is also interposed between the inner tube 16 and the inner peripheral surface of the insertion hole into which the inner tube 16 of the inner block 14 is inserted, and the space between the inner tube 16 and the inner block 14 is liquid-tightly sealed. ing.

  The inner tube 16 is provided so as to extend to the other end side of the main shaft 10 in the axial direction of the main shaft 10. At the other end of the inner intubation 16, a cutting oil supply unit 140 is connected to the flow path 16 b of the inner intubation 16. For example, the inner intubation 16 and the cutting oil supply unit 140 are connected to the end of the inner intubation 16 via a rotary joint. The cutting oil supply unit 140 is provided such that the supply pressure and supply amount of the cutting oil supplied to the flow path 16b passing through the inside of the inner tube 16 can be appropriately controlled.

The flow path 16a provided in the internal block 14 is connected to a flow path 16c that communicates with the open / close valve section 90 provided at one end that is eccentric from the axis of the main spindle body 10a. The flow path 16c is provided with a communication hole 17 that communicates from the peripheral side surface of the main spindle body 10a to the flow path 16a, and by providing a connection hole 18 so as to connect the cylinder chamber 91 of the on-off valve portion 90 and the middle of the communication hole 17. It is formed.
Thus, the cutting oil supply unit 140 and the opening / closing valve unit 90 communicate with each other via the flow paths 16b, 16a, and 16c. In the present embodiment, the flow paths 16 a, 16 b, and 16 c constitute a cutting oil supply path that supplies cutting oil supplied from the cutting oil supply unit 140.

In addition, a rotary seal 24 is extrapolated to the main spindle body 10 a at the other end of the main spindle body 10 a, and an industrial air supply unit 200 is connected to a port 20 provided in the rotary seal 24.
An air groove 22 is provided on the outer peripheral surface of the main spindle body 10 a that is in sliding contact with the inner peripheral surface of the rotary seal 24, and the air groove 22 is provided in the axial direction of the main spindle body 10 a via a communication channel 23. It communicates with the air flow path 25.
The air flow path 25 is provided at an eccentric position of the main shaft 10, extends to one end portion side of the main shaft main body 10 a in parallel with the axial direction of the main shaft main body 10 a, and the extended end opens at the inner surface of the fitting recess 11. The position where the air flow path 25 opens at the inner surface of the fitting recess 11 is a position where the opening is not blocked by the fitting portion 33 of the holder 30 when the holder 30 is mounted on the main shaft 10, specifically, the fitting recess. 11 is a portion formed on a cylindrical surface inside the conical surface 11a.

In the present embodiment, the flow passage hole 25a is formed in parallel to the axial direction from one end surface of the main spindle body 10a, and is arranged so as to intersect the flow passage hole 25a, from the peripheral side surface of the main spindle body 10a to the inner surface of the fitting recess 11. A flow passage hole 25 b that communicates with the rotary seal 24 and a flow passage hole 25 c that communicates from the peripheral side surface of the rotary seal 24 to the air groove 22 is formed to form the air flow passage 25 that communicates from the port 20 to the inner surface of the fitting recess 11.
In this way, the industrial air supply unit 200 and the inner surface of the fitting recess 11 communicate with each other via the air flow path 25, and industrial air can be supplied from the industrial air supply unit 200 toward the inner surface of the fitting recess 11. . In the present embodiment, the air flow path 25 constitutes an air supply path for supplying industrial air from the industrial air supply unit 200. The industrial air supply unit 200 is provided such that the air supply pressure and the air supply amount are controlled independently of the cutting oil supply unit 140.

[Configuration of holder]
Next, a structure for attaching the holder 30 to the main shaft 10 and the configuration of the first piece 50, the second piece 60, and the third piece 70 mounted in the holder 30 will be described with reference to FIG.
The holder 30 is formed in a substantially cylindrical shape having a through-hole 31 extending through the shaft core, and a collet 32 for detachably attaching a tool such as a drill is provided at one end thereof, and a fitting portion 33 is provided at the other end side. Is provided. One end side of the through hole 31 is formed in a conical surface 31a on which a tool is mounted, and the conical surface 31a constitutes a tool support portion 132 together with the collet 32. The intermediate part of the through hole 31 formed in the holder 30 is formed to have substantially the same diameter as the reduced diameter part of the conical surface 31a, and the part passing through the fitting part 33 is formed to have a smaller diameter than the intermediate part. .

At the other end of the holder 30, a projection piece 35, in which an engagement projection 34 and a screwed portion 35a are integrally formed, projects the engagement projection 34 to the other end side in the axial direction, and the screwed portion 35a is formed. It is fixed by being screwed into the screw part 31b. The base portion of the engaging protrusion 34 is formed in an enlarged portion 35 b having substantially the same diameter as the end face diameter of the fitting portion 33, and the end surface of the enlarged diameter portion 35 b is fitted to the fitting portion with the protrusion piece 35 fixed to the holder 30. It abuts on the other end surface of 33 and closes the through hole 31.
In the enlarged diameter portion 35b of the projection piece 35, a plurality of communication holes 36 communicating with the inside of the screwed portion 35a are provided in the circumferential direction so as to penetrate in a direction orthogonal to the axial direction.
The other end of the projection piece 35 is provided with a spherical portion 34a that fits over the engaging ball 15 provided in the engaging recess 12 when the holder 30 is mounted on the holder mounting portion 110.

In the through hole 31 formed in the holder 30, the first piece 50 is mounted facing the protruding piece 35, and the second piece 60 and the third piece 70 are mounted adjacent to each other in this order. The
Hereinafter, the arrangement and configuration of the first piece 50, the second piece 60, and the third piece 70 in the holder 30 will be described with reference to FIG.

  The first piece 50 is a screw formed on the inner peripheral surface of the through hole 31 with the side facing the protruding piece 35 formed in the small diameter portion 50a and the side on which the second piece 60 is mounted formed in the large diameter portion 50b. The small diameter part 50a is screwed into the part 31c and fixed to the holder 30. The first piece 50 is positioned in the holder 30 when the end surface of the large-diameter portion 50b comes into contact with the stepped surface of the large-diameter portion and the small-diameter portion of the through-hole 31 when the small-diameter portion 50a is screwed into the through-hole 31. Is done. An O-ring 51 is attached to the outer peripheral surfaces of the small-diameter portion 50a and the large-diameter portion 50b of the first piece 50, and when the first piece 50 is attached to the holder 30, the outer peripheral surface of the first piece 50 It is sealed so that industrial air and cutting oil do not leak between the inner peripheral surface of the through hole 31.

  A through hole 50c is formed in the first piece 50 in the axial direction. The second piece 60 disposed adjacent to the first piece 50 is formed with a small-diameter portion 60a that is slid into a through hole 50c formed in the first piece 50 on the other end side. ing. O-rings 61 and 61 are mounted on the outer peripheral surface of the small-diameter portion 60a, and the first piece 50 and the second piece 60 are airtight and liquid-tight by fitting the small-diameter portion 60a into the through hole 50c. Connected in a sealed state. The second piece 60 has an end face of the flange portion 60b formed to have the same diameter as the large diameter portion 50b of the first piece 50 when the small diameter portion 60a is inserted into the through hole 50c. Positioning with respect to the first piece 50 by contacting the one end surface.

The second piece 60 is connected to the first piece 50 together with a spacer 80 disposed on the front side of the second piece 60. That is, the second piece 60 is fixed to the first piece 50 by screwing the spacer 80 and the second piece 60 to the first piece 50 with the screw 81 from the front side of the spacer 80.
The third piece 70 disposed adjacent to the spacer 80 is fixed to the holder 30 by being screwed into a screw portion 31 d provided on the inner peripheral surface of the through hole 31 from one side of the through hole 31. When the other end surface of the third piece 70 comes into contact with the end surface of the spacer 80, the screwing position of the third piece 70 is defined. The space between the third piece 70 and the inner peripheral surface of the through hole 31 is also hermetically and liquid-tightly sealed by the O-ring 71 attached to the outer peripheral surface of the third piece 70.

  Thus, in this embodiment, the first piece 50, the second piece 60, the spacer 80, and the third piece 70 are hermetically and liquid-tightly sealed in the holder 30 in an arrangement adjacent to each other. It is installed in a state. Since the first piece 50 and the third piece 70 are mounted by screwing into the through hole 31 of the holder 30, each of these pieces is mounted on the holder 30, or each piece is replaced and mounted on the holder 30. Operation is easily possible.

[Configuration of mist generator]
Next, the structure of the mist production | generation part 300 which mixes cutting oil and industrial air in the inside of a mist in the holder 30 and produces | generates oil mist is demonstrated. The mist generating unit 300 mixes cutting oil and industrial air separately supplied to the holder 30 in a mist to generate oil mist, supplies industrial air to the mixing unit 270, and supplies the industrial air to the mixing unit 270. And a cutting oil supply control valve mechanism 260 for controlling the supply of the cutting oil.
Hereinafter, the cutting oil supply control valve mechanism 260 and the mixing unit 270 will be described in this order.

The cutting oil supply control valve mechanism 260 is formed integrally with the industrial air valve unit 250 and the industrial air valve unit 250 which are opened by the supply pressure of industrial air supplied from the industrial air supply unit 200. A cutting oil valve section 255 is provided for opening the cutting oil supply path to the mixing section 270 along with the opening of the valve 250.
In the first piece 50, a piston 52 that is pushed by the supply pressure of industrial air supplied from the main shaft 10 to the holder 30 is disposed so as to be inserted into a through hole 50 c provided in the first piece 50. ing. The range in which the piston 52 is movable in the through hole 50c is the cylinder 53 in which the piston 52 slides in the axial direction. The piston 52 is formed in the shape of a cylinder whose front end facing the projection piece 35 is closed, and the front end of the piston 52 is formed in a valve body 52a that controls the supply of industrial air.

An end portion of the cylinder 53 facing the protruding piece 35 is formed as a valve seat 54 provided with an opening 54a that is closed when the valve body 52a comes into contact with the inner surface of the valve body 52a and the second piece 60. A spring 55 serving as a return means for biasing the piston 52 in a direction in which the valve body 52a abuts the valve seat 54 is interposed between the other end surface of the valve 52a.
The piston 52, the valve seat 54, the cylinder 53, and the spring 55 provided with these valve bodies 52a constitute the industrial air valve portion 250.

  An introduction port 56 that communicates the inside and outside of the piston 52 is provided on the peripheral side surface of the tip portion of the piston 52. The range of the cylinder 53 in which the tip portion of the piston 52 moves when the piston 52 moves forward and backward The diameter is provided slightly larger than the outer peripheral diameter of the piston 52, and a gap is provided between the peripheral edge of the introduction port 56 and the inner peripheral surface of the cylinder 53.

The cylinder 53 is connected to a recess 60c provided at the other end of the second piece 60 on one end side, a communication channel 62a that opens on the inner surface of the recess 60c, a channel 58 provided in the first piece 50, In addition, the communication channel 62 b provided in the second piece 60 communicates with the gap 82 between the second piece 60 and the spacer 80.
These communication flow paths 62 a and 62 b and the flow path 58 serve as air flow paths for supplying industrial air to the mixing unit 270.

  FIG. 5 shows an arrangement in which the flow path 58 provided in the first piece 50 is viewed from the axial direction of the first piece 50. The communication channel 62a is arranged to extend from the cylinder 53 in three directions at intervals of 120 ° in the circumferential direction, and a channel 58 is connected to the end of each communication channel 62a. Opens at three locations of the flange portion 60b provided on the second piece 60 (see FIG. 4).

  On the other hand, in the first piece 50, the flow paths 59a and 59b as cutting oil flow paths for supplying cutting oil are opposed to each other with the piston 52 and the cylinder 53 interposed therebetween, that is, the cylinder 53 with respect to the cutting oil flow path. Are provided in a transverse arrangement. The flow path 59a is the side from which the cutting oil supplied from the main shaft 10 side flows into the cylinder 53, and the flow path 59b is the side from which the cutting oil flows out from the cylinder 53, and the inlet of the cutting oil to the inner surface of the cylinder 53 And the outlet opens.

The channel 59 a communicates with the channel 38 provided in the holder 30 on the peripheral side surface of the large-diameter portion 50 b of the first piece 50. The flow path 38 is provided in an arrangement that communicates with a cutting oil supply path provided in the main shaft 10 when the holder 30 is mounted on the main shaft 10.
On the other hand, the flow path 59b is connected to the flow path 64a of the nozzle part 64 via the flow path 59c provided in the first piece 50 in parallel with the axial direction and the communication flow path 64b provided in the second piece 60. Communicate. These flow paths 38, 59 a, 59 b, 59 c, 64 a, 64 b constitute a cutting oil flow path that guides cutting oil to the mixing unit 270 within the holder 30.

  A cutting oil communication groove 57 is provided in the circumferential direction on the outer peripheral surface of the piston 52 slidably provided along the inner peripheral surface of the cylinder 53. The cutting oil communication groove 57 is provided at a position where the flow path 59a and the flow path 59c communicate with each other only when the piston 52 is in the valve open position. The piston 52 can be moved back and forth between a valve closing position where the valve body 52 a comes into contact with the valve seat 54 and a valve opening position where one end face of the piston 52 comes into contact with the other end face of the small diameter portion 60 a of the second piece 60. When the piston 52 is in the valve closing position, the cutting oil communication groove 57 and the flow paths 59a and 59b are not overlapped with each other. When the piston 52 is moved to the valve opening position, the cutting oil communication groove 57 and the flow path The passages 59a and 59b are provided so that the positions of the inlet and the outlet on the inner surface of the cylinder 53 coincide with each other. That is, the piston 52 and the cutting oil communication groove 57 provided on the outer peripheral surface of the piston 52 open the cutting air supply section 255 to the mixing section 270 together with the opening of the industrial air valve section 250. Configure.

  The second piece 60 is provided with a nozzle portion 64 that is formed in a tubular shape for discharging cutting oil, and is concentrically provided with the holder 30 so as to extend toward the third piece 70 as a spray nozzle portion. ing. A nozzle insertion hole 72 into which the nozzle portion 64 is inserted is formed in the third piece 70, and in the state where the second piece 60 and the third piece 70 are combined, the distal end side of the nozzle portion 64 is the nozzle insertion hole 72. The nozzle insertion hole 72 and the gap 82 communicate with each other. A gap portion between the outer peripheral surface of the nozzle portion 64 and the inner peripheral surface of the nozzle insertion hole 72 is set at a narrow interval, and becomes an industrial air discharge portion 73 that discharges industrial air along the outer periphery of the tip of the nozzle portion 64.

The spacer 80 is also provided with a nozzle insertion hole 83 into which the nozzle portion 64 having the same diameter as the nozzle insertion hole 72 is inserted.
One end side of the third piece 70 is provided with an opening 74 formed in a conical surface whose diameter gradually increases on the end surface side. The opening 74 and the nozzle insertion hole 72 communicate with each other via an injection hole 75 provided at the center of the shaft. In the present embodiment, the injection hole 75 is formed in a hexagonal hole, and the third piece 70 is rotated using a hexagonal wrench so as to be detachable from the holder 30.

  The mixing unit 270 that mixes cutting oil and industrial air in a mist to generate oil mist includes a nozzle unit 64 from which cutting oil supplied through a cutting oil channel provided in the holder 30 is discharged, An industrial air discharge portion 73 that discharges industrial air supplied through the cutting oil supply control valve mechanism 260, and a third piece 70 as a spray nozzle portion including a nozzle insertion hole 72, an opening portion 74, and an injection hole 75; Consists of.

[Configuration of open / close valve]
Next, the configuration of the opening / closing valve unit 90 as an opening / closing means for controlling the supply of the cutting oil from the main shaft 10 to the holder 30 will be described.
FIG. 6 shows an enlarged configuration of the opening / closing valve unit 90. In the opening / closing valve portion 90, a cylinder portion 95 formed in a cylindrical shape is disposed in a cylinder chamber 91 provided in communication with a flow passage 16 c as a cutting oil supply passage formed in the main shaft 10. The piston portion 92 is slidably attached to the piston portion 92, and a return spring 97 as an urging portion is provided to urge the piston portion 92 in a direction in which the piston portion 92 is accommodated in the cylinder portion 95. An O-ring is attached to the outer peripheral surface of the cylinder portion 95, and the space between the cylinder portion 95 and the inner peripheral surface of the cylinder chamber 91 is sealed in a liquid-tight manner.

  The piston portion 92 has a cylindrical shaft portion 92a that is slidably inserted into the cylinder portion 95, and has a diameter larger than that of the shaft portion 92a that is formed integrally with the shaft portion 92a at the other end of the shaft portion 92a. It consists of a large stopper portion 92b. The shaft portion 92a at a position where the shaft portion 92a and the stopper portion 92b are connected is provided with a through hole 94 that penetrates from the peripheral side surface into the shaft portion 92a.

  FIG. 6C shows a state in which the stopper portion 92b is viewed from the axial direction. Cutting oil flow paths 92c are provided in four directions on the outer surface of the stopper section 92b on the cutting oil inflow side, and are formed in notches 93 at the ends of the flow paths 92c to facilitate the flow of the cutting oil when the valve is opened. . It should be noted that the depth of cut of the notch 93 is set so that the stopper portion 92b abuts against the end surface of the cylinder portion 95 when the valve is closed to close the end surface of the cylinder portion 95.

FIG. 6A is a cross-sectional view showing a configuration of the opening / closing valve unit 90 in a state where the holder 30 is not attached to the main shaft 10. The return spring 97 is provided so as to spring between the outer surface of the stopper portion 92 b of the piston portion 92 and the inner surface of the cylinder chamber 91. The urging force of the return spring 97 causes the stopper portion 92 b to abut against the end surface of the cylinder portion 95. While closing the end surface of the cylinder part 95, the axial part 92a is accommodated in the cylinder part 95, and the through-hole 94 is closed. One end of the piston portion 92 protrudes from the end surface of the main shaft 10 with the stopper portion 92 b in contact with the cylinder portion 95.
That is, the state shown in FIG. 6A shows a state in which the flow of the cutting oil is blocked by the action of the opening / closing valve unit 90 and the opening / closing valve unit 90 is closed.

FIG. 6B shows a state where the holder 30 is mounted on the holder mounting portion 110 of the main shaft 10. The holder 30 is provided with a facing portion 30a that faces one end surface of the main shaft 10, and the facing portion 30a is provided with a flow path 38a that communicates with a flow path 38 for supplying cutting oil to the mixing portion side. The piston portion 92 of the on-off valve portion 90 is pushed into the cylinder chamber 91 against the elastic force of the return spring 97 by the pressing force when the holder 30 is mounted on the main shaft 10. As a result, the through hole 94 provided in the shaft portion 92a is moved from the position where the through hole 94 is closed by the cylinder portion 95 to a position where the through hole 94 outside the cylinder portion 95 is exposed, and the inside of the shaft portion 92a and the shaft portion are moved. The outer peripheral surface of 92a is communicated with through the through hole 94, and the cutting oil flows into the shaft portion 92a through the flow path 16c, the cylinder chamber 91, the notch 93 of the stopper portion 92b and the through hole 94, and the holder 30 It is supplied to the flow paths 38a, 38 provided on the side.
That is, by attaching the holder 30 to the holder mounting portion 110 of the main shaft 10, the cutting oil supply path provided in the main shaft 10 and the cutting oil flow path provided in the holder 30 communicate with each other via the on-off valve portion 90. Then, the open / close valve portion 90 is opened.

6B, when the holder 30 is attached to the main shaft 10, the end surface of the shaft portion 92a of the piston portion 92 abuts on the end surface of the facing portion 30a of the holder 30, and the main shaft 10 side The cutting oil supply passage and the cutting oil passage on the holder 30 side communicate with each other. Accordingly, it is preferable that the inner diameter of the shaft portion 92a is at least larger than the inner diameter of the flow path 38a.
Further, when the holder 30 is mounted on the holder mounting portion 110, it is necessary to align and mount the opening / closing valve portion 90 and the flow path 38a provided in the facing portion 30a of the holder 30. In this case, for example, the opposing portion 30a and the engaging portion are provided on one end surface of the main shaft 10 with which the opposing portion 30a of the holder 30 abuts, and when the holder 30 is mounted, the engaging portion is positioned to align the holder 30. A circumferential position can be defined.

  Further, the outer surface shape of the stopper portion 92b formed on the piston portion 92 may be formed into a curved surface such as a spherical surface so that the cutting oil can easily flow along the outer surface of the stopper portion 92b. Further, a flow space for cutting oil is provided between the peripheral edge of the stopper portion 92b and the inner peripheral surface of the cylinder chamber 91, and the cutting oil is allowed to flow without providing the notch 93 at the peripheral edge portion of the stopper portion 92b. It is also possible to do.

  When the holder 30 is mounted on the main shaft 10, the opening / closing valve portion 90 of the present embodiment always presses the end surface of the facing portion 30 a elastically with the end surface of the shaft portion 92 a by the biasing force of the return spring 97. Even when the distance between the opposing portion 30a of the main shaft 10 and the end face of the main shaft 10 varies, it is possible to prevent the cutting oil from leaking at the contact portion between the opposing portion 30a of the holder 30 and the piston portion 92. By attaching a member having sealing properties and buffering properties to the pressing end surface of the shaft portion 92a of the piston portion 92, it is possible to more reliably prevent the leakage of the cutting oil at the contact portion between the shaft portion 92a and the facing portion 30a. Can do.

When the holder 30 is removed from the state in which the holder 30 is attached to the main shaft 10 shown in FIG. 6B, the piston 92 is immediately moved to a position where it is accommodated in the cylinder 95 by the action of the return spring 97, and is opened and closed. The valve portion 90 is closed, and the supply of cutting oil from the main shaft 10 to the holder 30 is stopped. That is, the flow path for supplying the cutting oil from the spindle 10 to the holder 30 is blocked only by removing the holder 30 from the holder mounting portion 110 of the spindle 10.
As described above, according to the configuration of the opening / closing valve portion 90 of the present embodiment, the cutting oil supply path on the main spindle 10 side and the cutting oil flow path on the holder 30 side communicate with each other while the holder 30 is attached to and detached from the main spindle 10. It is automatically switched between the state and the blocked state, and the cutting oil supply operation can be easily performed.

[Operation of semi-dry processing equipment]
Next, the operation of the above-described semi-dry processing apparatus 1 will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 2 shows the mist in a state where the holder 30 is mounted on the holder mounting portion 110 of the main shaft 10 and industrial air is not supplied from the industrial air supply portion 200 to the air flow path 25 that is an air supply path provided in the main shaft 10. The non-operation state of the production | generation part 300 is shown.
In the semi-dry processing apparatus 1 of the present embodiment, when the holder 30 is mounted on the holder mounting portion 110 of the main shaft 10, industrial air is supplied from the industrial air supply unit 200 to the air flow path 25, and the holder is mounted from the air flow path 25. In the case where industrial air is ejected to the portion 110 and foreign matters such as chips adhere to the inner surface of the holder mounting portion 110, the holder 30 can be mounted after removing these foreign matters.

  By pushing the holder 30 into the holder mounting portion 110, the outer surface of the fitting portion 33 comes into contact with the inner surface of the fitting concave portion 11, and the engaging projection portion 34 engages with the engaging concave portion 12, and the spherical portion. When the large diameter portion of 34 a exceeds the engagement ball 15 and is fitted into the engagement recess 12, the holder 30 is mounted on the holder mounting portion 110 while being prevented from coming off.

  In a state where the holder 30 is mounted on the holder mounting portion 110, the opening portion of the communication hole 36 opens in the communication space 40 surrounded by the outer surface of the fitting portion 33, the inner surface of the fitting recess 11, and the inner block 14. That is, the fitting portion 33 is formed such that the other end side is gradually reduced in diameter, while the inner peripheral surface of the fitting recess 11 is formed in a cylindrical surface from the middle of the conical surface 11a to the other end side. Thus, a communication space 40 is formed around the enlarged diameter portion 35b. The opening 25d in the inner surface of the fitting recess 11 of the air flow path 25 opens at a position communicating with the communication space 40, and the air flow path 25 and the inside of the protruding piece 35 are connected by attaching the holder 30 to the main shaft 10. The air passage 25 communicates with the air passage 25 through the communication space 40 and the communication hole 36.

  As shown in FIG. 2, in a state in which industrial air is not supplied from the industrial air supply unit 200 to the air flow path 25, the piston 52 constituting the industrial air valve unit 250 provided in the holder 30 has an industrial configuration. The supply pressure of air does not act, and the piston 52 is in a position where the valve body 52a abuts on the valve seat 54 by the urging force of the spring 55, that is, in the valve closing position.

On the other hand, the cutting oil is supplied from the cutting oil supply unit 140 to the cylinder chamber 91 of the opening / closing valve unit 90 via the flow path 16 c that is a cutting oil supply path provided in the main shaft 10, and the holder 30 is attached to the main shaft 10. It is supplied to the flow path 38 provided in the holder 30 via the opening / closing valve part 90 which is opened by being mounted.
The cutting oil supplied to the flow path 38 flows into the flow path 59a communicating with the flow path 38. However, the piston 52 is in the valve closing position, so that the flow path 59a and the cutting oil communication groove 57 do not communicate with each other. The inlet of the flow path 59a opened on the inner surface of the cylinder 53 is closed by the piston 52, that is, the cutting oil valve portion 255 is in a closed state, cutting oil is not supplied to the mixing portion 270, and the oil mist is Not generated.

FIG. 3 shows an operating state of the mist generating unit 300 in which industrial air is supplied from the industrial air supply unit 200 to the air flow path 25 provided in the main shaft 10.
The industrial air supplied to the air flow path 25 is fed into the communication space 40 from the opening 25 d and supplied to the through hole 31 of the holder 30 through the communication hole 36. The piston 52 constituting the industrial air valve portion 250 has one end surface abutting against the other end surface of the second piece 60 against the urging force of the spring 55 by the supply pressure of the industrial air supplied to the through hole 31. Pushed into position. That is, the valve body 52a of the piston 52 is separated from the valve seat 54, the opening 54a of the cylinder 53 is opened, and the industrial air valve 250 is opened.

  When the piston 52 moves to the valve open position, the cylinder 53 communicates with the industrial air supply path through the opening 54 a, and the inner peripheral surface of the cylinder 53 formed with a slightly larger diameter and the outer peripheral surface of the piston 52 are formed. Industrial air is fed into the piston 52 from the introduction port 56 via the gap, and the industrial air is supplied to the gap 82 via the communication channel 62a, the channel 58, and the communication channel 62b. As shown in FIG. 5, industrial air is fed into the gap 82 from three openings where the communication flow path 62 b opens, and industrial air is discharged from the industrial air discharge part 73 along the outer periphery of the nozzle part 64. Is done.

  On the other hand, when the piston 52 moves to the valve opening position, the cutting oil communication groove 57 provided on the outer peripheral surface of the piston 52 is aligned with the inlet and outlet on the inner surface of the cylinder 53 of the flow paths 59a and 59b. The flow path 59a and the flow path 59b communicate with each other through the cutting oil communication groove 57. That is, the cutting oil valve section 255 is opened, and the flow paths 38, 59 a, 59 b, 59 c, 64 b, 64 a that are cutting oil flow paths provided in the holder 30 communicate with each other and are provided on the main shaft 10. The cutting oil supplied from the cutting oil supply passage 16 c is guided to the nozzle portion 64 via the open / close valve portion 90 in the valve open state and the cutting oil passage in the holder 30.

The cutting oil guided to the nozzle part 64 is discharged from the tip of the nozzle part 64 to the nozzle insertion hole 72, and industrial air is discharged from the industrial air discharge part 73 along the outer surface of the nozzle part 64 at a high speed. An oil mist in which cutting oil and industrial air are mixed in a mist form is generated, and the oil mist is injected from the injection hole 75 toward the tool mounted on the holder 30. The oil mist injected from the injection hole 75 is diffused through the opening 74 and supplied to the tool.
Thus, in the semi-dry processing apparatus of the present embodiment, an oil mist in which industrial air and cutting oil are mixed in a mist form is generated by the mixing unit 270 provided in the holder 30, and the oil mist is applied to the tool mounted on the holder 30. Is supplied and semi-dry processing is performed.

  The cutting oil supply control valve mechanism 260 including the industrial air valve portion 250 of the present embodiment opens the piston 52 and supplies the mixing portion 270 to the mixing portion 270 by the supply pressure of the industrial air supplied from the air supply passage provided in the main shaft 10. The mist generating unit 300 operates so as to communicate with the cutting oil flow path that guides the cutting oil. The industrial air valve unit 250 is opened by the supply pressure of the industrial air, and the supply channel of the cutting oil to the mixing unit 270 is opened. Oil mist is generated in the valve.

  In the description of the semi-dry processing apparatus, the valve opening position of the piston 52 has been described as a position where one end surface of the piston 52 contacts the other end surface of the second piece 60. By controlling the supply pressure of air, etc., the supply pressure of industrial air supplied to the holder 30 is adjusted, and the urging force of the spring 55 that returns the piston 52 to the valve closing position is adjusted. The generation of oil mist can be controlled by adjusting the valve opening amount.

  That is, the supply amount and supply pressure of the industrial air supplied to the mist generating unit can be controlled by making the flow passage area of the air flow passage supplying the industrial air variable according to the valve opening position of the piston 52. Similarly, the amount of cutting oil supplied to the mist generating unit and the supply pressure are controlled by varying the flow passage area of the cutting oil passage for supplying the cutting oil according to the valve opening position of the piston 52. This makes it possible to adjust the amount of oil mist generated in the mist generator and the properties of the oil mist.

  Further, in the semi-dry processing apparatus of the present embodiment, the first piece 50, the second piece 60, the third piece 70, and the spacer 80 are appropriately replaced according to the processing content of the semi-dry processing apparatus and the tool to be used. Can be used. For example, by replacing the third piece 70 with one having a different shape of the opening 74, the injection state of the oil mist can be adjusted, and the inner diameter and depth of the nozzle insertion hole 72 are different. By changing to the piece 70, the properties of the oil mist, such as the size of the oil mist particles, can be changed.

  That is, the size of the oil mist particles supplied to the processing position of the tool and the spray state of the oil mist change the distance between the tip of the nozzle portion 64 and the inner end face of the nozzle insertion hole 72 (interval L shown in FIG. 2). It is possible to adjust by. If the interval L is made smaller, the oil mist particles become finer and the oil mist is injected in a spread state. If the interval L is made larger, the oil mist particles become larger and the oil mist is converged in a straight line and injected. Will come to be. As a method of adjusting the interval L, a method of exchanging the second piece 60 with a different length of the nozzle portion 64, a method of exchanging with the spacer 80 having a different thickness, or the like can be used.

  As described above, according to the semi-dry machining apparatus of the present embodiment, the industrial air valve section that controls the supply of industrial air by operating with the supply pressure of the industrial air, and the cutting oil valve that controls the supply of cutting oil. By using a cutting oil supply control valve mechanism equipped with a part, it is possible to appropriately adjust properties such as the amount of oil mist generated in the mist generating part, the size of oil mist grains, etc. It is possible to accurately supply oil mist and perform semi-dry processing.

  In the semi-dry processing apparatus of the present embodiment, since industrial air and cutting oil are mixed in the holder 30 close to the position where the tool is attached, oil mist is generated. Therefore, oil is transported when the oil mist is transported in the flow path. Oil mist can be accurately supplied to the processing position without the mist separating. In addition, the apparatus configuration can be made compact by providing a mist generating section for generating oil mist inside the holder 30, so that it is not necessary to prepare an oil mist generating apparatus separately from the processing apparatus, and the semi-dry processing apparatus The overall configuration can be simplified.

It is an assembly sectional view showing the composition of the embodiment of the semi-dry processing device concerning the present invention. It is sectional drawing which shows the structure (at the time of valve closing) of the holder of a semi-dry processing apparatus. It is sectional drawing which shows the structure (at the time of valve opening) of the holder of a semi-dry processing apparatus. It is sectional drawing which shows the structure of a cutting oil supply control valve mechanism and a mist production | generation part. It is explanatory drawing which shows the state which looked at the arrangement | positioning of the air flow path of a 1st piece from the axial direction. FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view (a) and (b) showing the configuration of the on-off valve part, and a front view (c) of the stopper part of the piston.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Main axis | shaft 11 Fitting recessed part 12 Engaging recessed part 16 Inner tube 16a, 16b, 16c, 16d Flow path 24 Rotary seal 25 Air flow path 30 Holder 31 Through-hole 32 Collet 33 Fitting part 34 Engagement protrusion part 35 Projection piece 38, 59a, 59b, 59c, 64a, 64b Flow path 40 Communication space 50 First piece 52 Piston 52a Valve body 53 Cylinder 54 Valve seat 54a Opening 55 Spring 56 Introduction port 57 Cutting oil communication groove 60 Second piece 62a, 62b Communication flow path 64 Nozzle part 70 Third piece 72 Nozzle insertion hole 73 Industrial air discharge part 80 Spacer 82 Gap part 90 Open / close valve part 200 Industrial air supply part 110 Holder mounting part 132 Tool support part 140 Cutting oil supply part 200 Industrial air Supply unit 250 Industrial air valve unit 255 Cutting oil Valve part 260 Cutting oil supply control valve mechanism 270 Mixing part 300 Mist generating part

Claims (4)

An oil mist comprising a holder for supporting a tool, a main shaft having a holder mounting portion on which the holder is detachably mounted, and a drive mechanism for rotationally driving the main shaft, in which cutting oil and industrial air are mixed in a mist form Is a semi-dry processing device using for processing,
The main shaft has an air supply path for supplying industrial air to the holder mounted on the holder mounting portion, and a cutting oil supply path for supplying cutting oil,
A mist generating unit that generates oil mist by mixing the industrial air supplied by the air supply path and the cutting oil supplied by the cutting oil supply path in a mist form,
A semi-dry machining apparatus comprising a cutting oil supply control valve mechanism that is operated by industrial air supplied by the air supply path and controls the supply of the cutting oil to the mist generating unit.   The semi-dry machining apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the mist generating unit and the cutting oil supply control valve mechanism are provided in the holder. The holder includes: an air flow path for guiding industrial air supplied by the air supply path to the mist generation section; and a cutting oil flow path for guiding cutting oil supplied by the cutting oil supply path to the mist generation section. Have
The cutting oil supply control valve mechanism is operated by a supply pressure of industrial air supplied by the air supply path, and the industrial air valve section that varies the flow area of the air flow path,
The semi-dry machining apparatus according to claim 2, further comprising a cutting oil valve portion that is provided integrally with the industrial air valve portion and makes the flow passage area of the cutting oil flow passage variable. The industrial air valve part is:
A cylinder disposed across the cutting oil passage and having an inlet and an outlet of the cutting oil passage open to an inner surface;
A valve body that contacts a valve seat provided in the air flow path is formed at the tip, and has a piston that slides in the cylinder;
The valve portion for the cutting oil is
Cutting oil communication that causes the inlet and the outlet to communicate with each other when the piston slides along the outer periphery of the piston by being pushed by the industrial air supply pressure supplied by the industrial air supply passage. The semi-dry processing apparatus according to claim 3, further comprising a groove.

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