JP4160308B2 - RESIN COMPOSITION FOR WATER COATING AND WATER COATING COMPOSITION CONTAINING THE SAME - Google Patents

RESIN COMPOSITION FOR WATER COATING AND WATER COATING COMPOSITION CONTAINING THE SAME Download PDF

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JP4160308B2
JP4160308B2 JP2002033287A JP2002033287A JP4160308B2 JP 4160308 B2 JP4160308 B2 JP 4160308B2 JP 2002033287 A JP2002033287 A JP 2002033287A JP 2002033287 A JP2002033287 A JP 2002033287A JP 4160308 B2 JP4160308 B2 JP 4160308B2
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fatty acid
copolymer
water
group
acid
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JP2003231859A (en
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圭一郎 才川
有七 石原
正見 杉島
伸茂 奴間
力 川村
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Kansai Paint Co Ltd
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Kansai Paint Co Ltd
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Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、高肉持感、高光沢など仕上り性に優れ、さらに耐候性、耐水性等に優れた塗膜を形成し得る水性塗料用樹脂組成物及びこれを含む水性塗料組成物に関する。
【0002】
【従来技術及びその課題】
塗料、インキ、接着剤等の分野では、省資源、環境衛生、無公害、非危険物化等の点から、有機溶剤型から水性型への転換が進められている。従来の水性塗料は、アクリル系共重合体エマルションをビヒクル成分とするものが主流であり、成膜過程でエマルション粒子の融着を要するため、樹脂のガラス転移温度を高くできず耐汚染性、耐水性が不十分であった。これに対し本出願人は、エマルション粒子間を比較的分子量の小さい架橋剤で架橋させることを提案し(特開平4−249587号公報)、これにより造膜性を補強し耐汚染性、耐水性だけでなく、耐候性、初期乾燥性も確保した。しかしながら、近年、この水性塗料についても、得られる塗膜の肉持感や光沢のさらなる向上が求められている。
【0003】
一方、脂肪酸変性されたアクリル樹脂のエマルションも従来からよく知られている(例えば特開昭51−80334号、特開昭59−8773号公報等)が、水性塗料に用いられる脂肪酸変性されたアクリル樹脂は、極性の低い軟質成分である脂肪酸を含有しているので、金属面への付着性には優れているものの、一方で耐候性、耐水性や耐酸・耐アルカリ性などの塗膜性能についてはまだ十分とはいえないものであった。
【0004】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明者らは、上記問題を解決すべく鋭意検討した結果、カルボニル基による架橋エマルションに酸化硬化性の脂肪酸を導入することによって、高肉持感、高光沢など仕上り性に優れ、さらに耐候性、耐水性等に優れた塗膜を形成し得ることを見出し本発明を完成するに至った。
【0005】
即ち本発明は、(a)乾性油脂肪酸及び/又は半乾性油脂肪酸とエポキシ基含有重合性不飽和モノマーとを反応させてなる脂肪酸変性モノマーを1〜60重量%、(b)カルボニル基含有重合性不飽和モノマーを0.5〜35重量%、及び(c)その他の重合性不飽和モノマーを5〜98.5重量%含有するモノマー混合物を共重合して得られる共重合体(I)、ヒドラジド基、セミカルバジド基及びヒドラゾン基から選ばれる少なくとも1種以上の官能基を1分子中に2個以上有する化合物(II)、及び水性媒体(III)を含み、該共重合体(I)が水性媒体(III)中に分散されてなることを特徴とする水性塗料用樹脂組成物を提供するものである。
【0006】
【発明の実施の形態】
本発明において共重合体(I)は、乾性油脂肪酸及び/又は半乾性油脂肪酸とエポキシ基含有重合性不飽和モノマーとを反応させてなる脂肪酸変性モノマー(a)、カルボニル基含有重合性不飽和モノマー(b)及びその他の重合性不飽和モノマー(c)を含有するモノマー混合物を共重合して得られる。
【0007】
上記脂肪酸変性モノマー(a)は、乾性油脂肪酸及び/又は半乾性油脂肪酸とエポキシ基含有重合性不飽和モノマーとを、従来公知の方法等によって反応させて得られるものである。
【0008】
乾性油脂肪酸及び/又は半乾性油脂肪酸は、酸化硬化形の重合性不飽和基をもつ脂肪酸であって、該脂肪酸としては、例えば魚油脂肪酸、脱水ヒマシ油脂肪酸、サフラワー油脂肪酸、アマニ油脂肪酸、大豆油脂肪酸、ゴマ油脂肪酸、ケシ油脂肪酸、エノ油脂肪酸、麻実油脂肪酸、ブドウ核油脂肪酸、トウモロコシ油脂肪酸、トール油脂肪酸、ヒマワリ油脂肪酸、綿実油脂肪酸、クルミ油脂肪酸、ゴム種油脂肪酸等が挙げられる。該乾性油脂肪酸及び/又は半乾性油脂肪酸には、さらに必要に応じて、例えばヤシ油脂肪酸、水添ヤシ油脂肪酸、パーム油脂肪酸等の不乾性油脂肪酸;カプロン酸、カプリン酸、ラウリン酸、ミリスチン酸、パルミチン酸、ステアリン酸等を併用することができる。
【0009】
エポキシ基含有重合性不飽和モノマーとしては、例えば(メタ)アクリル酸グリシジル、(メタ)アクリル酸β−メチルグリシジル、(メタ)アクリル酸3,4−エポキシシクロヘキシルメチル、(メタ)アクリル酸3,4−エポキシシクロヘキシルプロピル、アリルグリシジルエーテル等が挙げられる。
【0010】
本明細書において、「(メタ)アクリル」は、「アクリル又はメタクリル」を意味するものとする。
【0011】
上記脂肪酸成分とエポキシ基含有重合性不飽和モノマーは、該脂肪酸中のカルボキシル基とエポキシ基含有重合性不飽和モノマー中のエポキシ基との当量比が、0.25:1〜 1.25:1の範囲内であることが好適である。
【0012】
上記脂肪酸成分中のカルボキシル基とエポキシ基含有重合性不飽和モノマー中のエポキシ基との反応に際しては、通常、ハイドロキノン等の重合禁止剤、N,N−ジメチルアミノエタノール等の3級アミン、臭化テトラエチルアンモニウム、臭化テトラブチルアンモニウム等の4級アンモニウム塩等のエステル化反応触媒を用いることができ、さらにこれら官能基に対して不活性な有機溶剤が存在していてもよい。その反応条件は、ゲル化などの反応上の問題を起こすことなく、脂肪酸成分中のカルボキシル基とエポキシ基含有重合性不飽和モノマー中のエポキシ基とが反応できる条件であればよく、通常、約100〜180℃で、約2〜10時間加熱する条件が適当である。
【0013】
上記カルボニル基含有モノマ−(b)としては、例えばアクロレイン、ダイアセトンアクリルアミド、ダイアセトンメタクリルアミド、アセトアセトキシエチルメタクリレ−ト、ホルミルスチロ−ル、4〜7個の炭素原子を有するビニルアルキルケトン(例えばビニルメチルケトン、ビニルエチルケトン、ビニルブチルケトン)等が挙げられる。このうち特にダイアセトンアクリルアミド、ダイアセトンメタクリルアミドが好適である。
【0014】
その他の重合性不飽和モノマ−(c)としては、例えば(メタ)アクリル酸メチル、(メタ)アクリル酸エチル、(メタ)アクリル酸プロピル、(メタ)アクリル酸n−、i−、t−ブチル、(メタ)アクリル酸ヘキシル、(メタ)アクリル酸オクチル、(メタ)アクリル酸2−エチルヘキシル、(メタ)アクリル酸ノニル、(メタ)アクリル酸デシル、(メタ)アクリル酸シクロヘキシル、(メタ)アクリル酸ラウリル、(メタ)アクリル酸ステアリル、(メタ)アクリル酸イソボルニルなどの(メタ)アクリル酸の炭素数4以上、好ましくは炭素数4〜10のアルキル又はシクロアルキルエステル;(メタ)アクリル酸1,2,2,6,6−ペンタメチルピペリジル、(メタ)アクリル酸2,2,6,6−テトラメチルピペリジニル、2−(2′−ヒドロキシ−5′−メタクリルオキシフェニル)−2H−ベンゾトリアゾール;スチレン、ビニルトルエンなどのビニル芳香族化合物;N−ビニルピロリドン、エチレン、ブタジエン、クロロプレン、プロピオン酸ビニル、酢酸ビニル、(メタ)アクリロニトリルなどが挙げられ、これらは所望の性能に応じて適宜使用される。
【0015】
またその他の重合性不飽和モノマ−(c)として、親水性基である酸基や水酸基を有するモノマ−も使用可能であり、塗膜の透水量に悪影響を及ぼさない範囲内で使用することが望ましい。かかる親水性基を有するモノマ−としては、例えば(メタ)アクリル酸、マレイン酸、クロトン酸、β−カルボキシエチルアクリレ−ト、2−アクリルアミド−2−メチルプロパンスルホン酸、アリルスルホン酸、スチレンスルホン酸ナトリウム塩、スルホエチルメタクリレ−ト及びそのナトリウム塩やアンモニウム塩など;(メタ)アクリルアミド、ジメチルアミノプロピル(メタ)アクリルアミド、ジメチルアミノエチル(メタ)アクリレ−ト、さらにグリシジル(メタ)アクリレ−トとアミン類との付加物など;ポリオキシエチレン鎖を有する(メタ)アクリレ−トなど;2−ヒドロキシエチル(メタ)アクリレ−ト、ヒドロキシプロピル(メタ)アクリレ−トなどの(メタ)アクリル酸の炭素数2〜8のヒドロキシアルキルエステル等が挙げられる。
【0016】
上記モノマ−混合物の使用割合は、(a)が1〜60重量%、好ましくは5〜50重量%、(b)が0.5〜35重量%、好ましくは1〜30重量%、及び(c)が5〜98.5重量%、好ましくは20〜94重量%である。(a)の使用割合が1重量%未満では、塗布後の塗膜の酸化重合が進行せず、一方60重量%を越えると、乾燥経時で塗膜が硬く脆くなり、また耐候性、耐アルカリ性が劣るので好ましくない。また(b)が0.5重量%未満では、得られる塗膜の耐水性、耐アルカリ性が不十分であり、一方35重量%を越えると、塗膜の親水性が高くなりすぎて硬化後も耐水性が低下してしまうので好ましくない。
【0017】
上記共重合体(I)は、乳化重合、溶液重合などの従来公知のラジカル重合方法により得られるものであり、該共重合体(I)が水性媒体中に分散されて共重合体エマルションが得えらるものである。
【0018】
乳化重合による共重合体エマルションは、例えば乳化剤の存在下で、上記モノマ−混合物を乳化重合させることで容易に得られる。乳化剤としては、アニオン性界面活性剤、ノニオン性界面活性剤、反応性乳化剤などが挙げられる。該乳化剤の1種又は2種以上の存在下で重合開始剤を使用して乳化重合することができる。
【0019】
また上記共重合体エマルションは、コア/シェル型であってもよい。その際は、まずコア成分を形成するモノマ−混合物を乳化剤の存在下で重合開始剤を使用して第1段階の乳化重合を行い共重合体水分散液を得た後、該水分散液中にシェル成分を形成するモノマ−混合物を、重合開始剤を使用して第2段階の乳化重合を行い、コア−シェル粒子水分散液として得られるものである。コア及びシェルを形成するモノマ−混合物の組成やコア/シェルの重量比は、モノマ−全体の使用割合が前記範囲内となれば特に制限なく適宜選択できる。
【0020】
一方、溶液重合による場合には、有機溶剤中、重合開始剤の存在下、上記モノマ−混合物を重合させることで容易に得られる。得られた共重合体のエマルション化は、例えば、上記共重合体中に親水基を導入し、この親水基を中和剤で中和して水性化する、もしくは親水基の働きにより水中に自己乳化させる方法、共重合体を乳化剤の存在下にて水中に強制撹拌して水中に分散させる方法、さらに共重合体を、粒子を超微粒化する特定の乳化装置を用いて水中に分散させる方法、これらを併用した方法などを挙げることができる。
【0021】
上記共重合体(I)の数平均分子量は、10,000〜300,000、好ましくは20,000〜200,000であることが適当である。該数平均分子量が10,000未満では、得られる塗膜の耐候性、耐水性が低下する場合があり、一方300,000を超えると造膜性が低下する場合があるので好ましくない。
【0022】
本発明では、上記共重合体(I)に、カルボニル基含有不飽和モノマーを含む重合性不飽和モノマー混合物を乳化重合してなる上記共重合体(I)以外の乳化重合体を併用することができる。使用されるカルボニル基含有不飽和モノマーを含む重合性不飽和モノマー混合物は、上記共重合体(I)の説明で列記のモノマー(b)及び(c)から1種又は2種以上適宜選択することができる。該乳化重合体を併用する場合には、(I)との合計固形分重量中で好適には50%以下となるように配合することができる。
【0023】
本発明で使用される化合物(II)は、ヒドラジド基、セミカルバジド基及びヒドラゾン基から選ばれる少なくとも1種以上の官能基を1分子中に2個以上有するものであり、該化合物(II)としては、例えば蓚酸ジヒドラジド、マロン酸ジヒドラジド、グルタル酸ジヒドラジド、こはく酸ジヒドラジド、アジピン酸ジヒドラジド、セバシン酸ジヒドラジド等の2〜18個の炭素原子を有する飽和脂肪酸カルボン酸ジヒドラジド;マレイン酸ジヒドラジド、フマル酸ジヒドラジド、イタコン酸ジヒドラジドなどのモノオレフィン性不飽和ジカルボン酸ジヒドラジド、フタル酸、テレフタル酸またはイソフタル酸ジヒドラジド、並びにピロメリット酸のジヒドラジド、トリヒドラジドまたはテトラヒドラジド;ニトリロトリヒドラジド、クエン酸トリヒドラジド、1,2,4−ベンゼントリヒドラジド、エチレンジアミンテトラ酢酸テトラヒドラジド、1,4,5,8−ナフトエ酸テトラヒドラジド、カルボン酸低級アルキルエステル基を有する低重合体をヒドラジンまたはヒドラジン水化物(ヒドラジンヒドラード)と反応させてなるポリヒドラジド(特公昭52−22878号参照);炭酸ジヒドラジド、ビスセミカルバジド;ヘキサメチレンジイソシアネートやイソホロンジイソシアネート等のジイソシアネート及びそれにより誘導されるポリイソシアネート化合物にN,N−ジメチルヒドラジン等のN,N−置換ヒドラジンや上記例示のヒドラジドを過剰に反応させて得られる多官能セミカルバジド、該ポリイソシアネート化合物とポリエーテルとポリオール類やポリエチレングリコールモノアルキルエーテル類等の親水性基を含む活性水素化合物との反応物中のイソシアネート基に上記例示のジヒドラジドを過剰に反応させて得られる水系多官能セミカルバジド、或いは該多官能セミカルバジドと水系多官能セミカルバジドとの混合物(特開平8−151358号、特開平8−283377号、特開平8−245878号参照)等が挙げられる。
【0024】
該化合物(II)は、共重合体(I)(もしくは共重合体(I)にこれ以外のカルボニル基含有共重合体を併用してなるもの)中に含まれるカルボニル基の1モルに対して化合物(II)中のヒドラジド基、セミカルバジド基及びヒドラゾン基から選ばれる官能基が0.01〜2モル、好ましくは0.05〜1.5モルとなるように配合されるのが適当である。該化合物(II)の配合比が0.01モル未満では、十分な架橋効果が得られず造膜時の脆弱性の問題が発生し、2モルを越えても所望の架橋効果以上の効果を得ることはできない。
【0025】
本発明において水性媒体(III)は、水、または水を主体としてこれに水溶性有機溶媒などの有機溶媒を溶解してなる水−有機溶媒混合溶液などを挙げることができる。
【0026】
本発明の水性塗料組成物は、上記の通り得られる本発明の樹脂組成物を含むものであり、さらに必要に応じて、酸化チタン・カーボンブラック・ベンガラなどの着色顔料、炭酸カルシュウム・タルク・マイカ・クレー・バリタなどの体質顔料、リン酸亜鉛、リン酸カルシウム系、トリポリリン酸二水素アルミニウムなどの防錆顔料、その他充填剤や骨材などを含有することができる。本発明の水性塗料組成物は、これら顔料類の組成や顔料濃度を適宜調整することで、所望に応じて有光沢塗料あるいは艶消し塗料とすることが可能である。
【0027】
本発明の水性塗料組成物は、さらに必要に応じて顔料分散剤、湿潤剤、消泡剤、可塑剤、造膜助剤、有機溶剤、増粘剤、防腐剤、防かび剤、pH調整剤;ラストスポット剤などの防錆剤、金属ドライヤーなどの硬化触媒などの塗料用添加剤を適宜選択し組合わせて含有することができる。
【0028】
本発明の水性塗料組成物は、基材面に、従来公知の方法、例えばロ−ラ−塗り、スプレ−塗装、刷毛塗装などの方法によって塗布される。
【0029】
基材面としては、建築物の屋根や外壁面等、防水性の要求される部位に使用されるコンクリ−ト、モルタル、スレ−ト、スレ−ト瓦、窒素系建材、金属、プラスチックなどの素材面やそれらに塗装されてなる旧塗膜面などが挙げられる。該基材面には、水性又は溶剤型の下塗り材を塗布でき、該下塗り材を塗布した後、上記水性塗料組成物を塗布することができる。下塗り材としては、例えばアクリル樹脂系、アクリルゴム系、塩化ゴム系、スチレン−ブタジエンゴム系、エポキシ系などのシ−ラ−やプライマ−、またセメント成分を含む下地補修材、さらに下地調整剤、厚付け材などが挙げられる。
【0030】
【実施例】
以下、実施例を挙げて本発明をさらに詳細に説明する。尚、「部」及び「%」は「重量部」及び「重量%」を示す。
【0031】
脂肪酸変性モノマー(a)の製造
製造例1
反応容器に下記成分を入れ、攪拌しながら170℃の温度で反応させて、脂肪酸変性モノマー(a−1)を得た。エポキシ基とカルボキシル基の付加反応は、残存カルボキシル基の量を測定しながら追跡した。反応が完了するまで約3時間かかった。
アマニ油脂肪酸 237部
メタクリル酸グリシジル 119部
ハイドロキノン 0.4部
テトラエチルアンモニウムブロマイド 0.2部
【0032】
製造例2
反応容器に下記成分を入れ、攪拌しながら140〜150℃の温度で反応させて、脂肪酸変性モノマー(a−2)を得た。エポキシ基とカルボキシル基の量を測定しながら追跡した。反応が完了するまで約4.5時間かかった。
トール油脂肪酸 235部
メタクリル酸グリシジル 119部
ハイドロキノン 0.4部
テトラエチルアンモニウムブロマイド 0.2部
【0033】
共重合体エマルションの作成
作成例1
脱イオン水36部、「Newcol 707SF」(注1)0.36部の入ったフラスコを、窒素置換後、80℃まで加温した。内液を80℃に維持しながら0.1部の過硫酸アンモニウムを加えてから下記組成の単量体エマルションを3時間にわたって滴下した。
脱イオン水 52.4部
脂肪酸変性モノマー(a−1) 15部
ダイアセトンアクリルアミド 5部
アクリル酸 1部
スチレン 10部
メチルメタクリレート 30部
n−ブチルアクリレート 39部
Newcol 707SF 9.6部
過硫酸アンモニウム 0.2部
滴下終了後30分より、30分間0.1部の過硫酸アンモニウムを1部の脱イオン水に溶かした溶液を滴下し、さらに2時間80℃に保って不揮発分50%の共重合体エマルション(A−1)を得た。この共重合体の数平均分子量は約15万であった。
【0034】
(注1)日本乳化剤社製、ポリオキシエチレン鎖を有するアニオン性界面活性剤、不揮発分30%
作成例2〜5
作成例1において、単量体エマルションの組成を表1に示す通りとする以外は作成例1と同様にして各共重合体エマルション(A−2)〜(A−5)を得た。
【0035】
【表1】

Figure 0004160308
【0036】
水性塗料の作成
実施例及び比較例
容器に、表2の組成(B)に示される各配合物を順次仕込み、ディスパーで30分間均一になるまで攪拌を続け顔料ペーストを得た。その後、表2の組成(C)に示される各配合物を該顔料ペーストに順次添加し、各水性塗料を得た。また比較例3として「SDホルス1000」(合成樹脂調合ペイント、関西ペイント社製)を用意した。
【0037】
これら各塗料を下記性能試験に供した。結果を表3に示す。尚、表2中の(注2)〜(注7)は下記の通りである。
(注2)「スラオフ72N」:武田薬品社製、防腐剤
(注3)「ノプコサントK」:サンノプコ社製、顔料分散剤
(注4)「アデカノールUHー438」:アデカ社製、増粘剤
(注5)「チタン白JRー600A」:テイカ社製、チタン白
(注6)「SNデフォーマー380」:サンノプコ社製、消泡剤
(注7)「DICNATE 3111」:大日本インキ化学工業社製、ドライヤー、Co含有率3%
【0038】
【表2】
Figure 0004160308
【0039】
性能試験方法
(*1)肉持感:実施例及び比較例の各水性塗料を、6ミルドクターブレードを用いてガラス板に塗装し、気温20℃・相対湿度60%の条件下で乾燥させて各試験塗板を得た。1日後に塗膜外観を目視にて評価した。
◎: 肉持感が特に優れる
○: 肉持ち感に優れる
△: 肉持ち感に乏しい
(*2)60度グロス:上記(*1)と同様にして得た試験塗板の60度グロスを測定した。
【0040】
(*3)耐候性:JIS K 5410に規定する鋼板(150×70×0.8mm)をキシレンにて脱脂し、その上に「ザウルスEX」(ターペン希釈型エポキシさび止め塗料、関西ペイント社製)を塗装して下塗り塗膜を形成し、その上に、実施例及び比較例の各水性塗料を上水で約70KUに希釈して刷毛にて塗布量150g/m2となるように塗装し、気温20℃・相対湿度60%の条件下で1週間乾燥させて各試験塗板を得た。尚、比較例3の塗料はシンナーで希釈して同様に塗装した。
【0041】
各試験塗板を、JIS K 5400 の9.8.1(サンシャインカーボンアーク灯式)の促進耐候試験に準じて、1000時間照射した後、各塗板面をJIS K 5400の9.6白亜化度によって評価した。点数が低いほど白亜化が進んでいることを示す。
【0042】
(*4)耐水性:JIS K 5410に規定する鋼板(150×70×0.8mm)をキシレンにて脱脂し、その上に、実施例及び比較例の各水性塗料を上水で約70KUに希釈して刷毛にて塗布量150g/m2となるように塗装し、気温20℃・相対湿度60%の条件下で1週間乾燥させて各試験塗板を得た。尚、比較例3の塗料はシンナーで希釈して同様に塗装した。
【0043】
各試験塗板を、JIS K 5400の8.19に準じて耐水性試験(96時間浸漬)に供した。試験後の各塗面を下記基準で評価した。
○:割れ、はがれ、また光沢保持率が60%以上である
△:上記の内、1つでも該当しないものがある
【0044】
(*5)耐アルカリ性:上記(*4)と同様に作成した各試験塗板を、JISK 5400の8.21に準じて耐アルカリ性試験(試験時間96時間)に供した。試験後の各塗面を下記基準で評価した。
○:割れ、はがれ、また光沢保持率が60%以上である
△:上記の内、1つでも該当しないものがある
【0045】
【発明の効果】
本発明によれば、酸化硬化性の脂肪酸を導入した架橋エマルションを含む塗料用樹脂組成物を用いることによって、高肉持感、高光沢など仕上り性に優れ、さらに耐候性、耐水性等に優れた塗膜を形成できる。
【0046】
【表3】
Figure 0004160308
[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a resin composition for aqueous paints that can form a coating film excellent in finishing properties such as a high feeling of grip and high gloss, and further excellent in weather resistance, water resistance, and the like, and an aqueous paint composition containing the same.
[0002]
[Prior art and its problems]
In the fields of paints, inks, adhesives, etc., conversion from organic solvent types to water-based types is being promoted from the viewpoints of resource saving, environmental sanitation, no pollution, non-hazardous materials, and the like. Conventional water-based paints are mainly composed of acrylic copolymer emulsion as a vehicle component, and it is necessary to fuse emulsion particles during the film formation process. Sex was insufficient. On the other hand, the present applicant has proposed that the emulsion particles are crosslinked with a crosslinking agent having a relatively low molecular weight (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. Hei 4-249487), thereby reinforcing the film-forming property and providing stain resistance and water resistance. In addition, weather resistance and initial drying were ensured. In recent years, however, this water-based paint is also required to further improve the feeling of holding and gloss of the resulting coating film.
[0003]
On the other hand, emulsions of fatty acid-modified acrylic resins are also well known (for example, JP-A-51-80334, JP-A-59-8773, etc.), but fatty acid-modified acrylics used in water-based paints. Since the resin contains fatty acids, which are soft components with low polarity, it has excellent adhesion to metal surfaces, but on the other hand, about the coating performance such as weather resistance, water resistance, acid resistance and alkali resistance, etc. It was not enough.
[0004]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
As a result of intensive studies to solve the above problems, the present inventors have achieved excellent finishing properties such as high grip and high gloss by introducing an oxidatively curable fatty acid into a carbonyl group-crosslinked emulsion, and further weather resistance. The inventors have found that a coating film excellent in water resistance and the like can be formed, and have completed the present invention.
[0005]
That is, the present invention comprises (a) 1 to 60% by weight of a fatty acid-modified monomer obtained by reacting a dry oil fatty acid and / or a semi-dry oil fatty acid with an epoxy group-containing polymerizable unsaturated monomer, and (b) a carbonyl group-containing polymerization. Copolymer (I) obtained by copolymerizing a monomer mixture containing 0.5 to 35% by weight of the unsaturated monomer and (c) 5 to 98.5% by weight of the other polymerizable unsaturated monomer, A compound (II) having at least one functional group selected from a hydrazide group, a semicarbazide group and a hydrazone group in one molecule, and an aqueous medium (III), wherein the copolymer (I) is aqueous The present invention provides a resin composition for water-based paints, characterized by being dispersed in a medium (III).
[0006]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
In the present invention, the copolymer (I) is a fatty acid-modified monomer (a) obtained by reacting a dry oil fatty acid and / or a semi-dry oil fatty acid with an epoxy group-containing polymerizable unsaturated monomer, and a carbonyl group-containing polymerizable unsaturated. It is obtained by copolymerizing a monomer mixture containing monomer (b) and other polymerizable unsaturated monomer (c).
[0007]
The fatty acid-modified monomer (a) is obtained by reacting a dry oil fatty acid and / or a semi-dry oil fatty acid with an epoxy group-containing polymerizable unsaturated monomer by a conventionally known method or the like.
[0008]
The dry oil fatty acid and / or the semi-dry oil fatty acid is a fatty acid having an oxidatively-cured polymerizable unsaturated group, and examples of the fatty acid include fish oil fatty acid, dehydrated castor oil fatty acid, safflower oil fatty acid, and linseed oil fatty acid. , Soybean oil fatty acid, sesame oil fatty acid, poppy oil fatty acid, eno oil fatty acid, hemp oil fatty acid, grape kernel oil fatty acid, corn oil fatty acid, tall oil fatty acid, sunflower oil fatty acid, cottonseed oil fatty acid, walnut oil fatty acid, rubber seed oil fatty acid, etc. Can be mentioned. The drying oil fatty acid and / or semi-drying oil fatty acid may further include, for example, non-drying oil fatty acids such as coconut oil fatty acid, hydrogenated coconut oil fatty acid, and palm oil fatty acid; caproic acid, capric acid, lauric acid, Myristic acid, palmitic acid, stearic acid and the like can be used in combination.
[0009]
Examples of the epoxy group-containing polymerizable unsaturated monomer include glycidyl (meth) acrylate, β-methylglycidyl (meth) acrylate, 3,4-epoxycyclohexylmethyl (meth) acrylate, and (meth) acrylic acid 3,4. -Epoxy cyclohexyl propyl, allyl glycidyl ether, etc. are mentioned.
[0010]
In the present specification, “(meth) acryl” means “acryl or methacryl”.
[0011]
In the above fatty acid component and the epoxy group-containing polymerizable unsaturated monomer, the equivalent ratio of the carboxyl group in the fatty acid and the epoxy group in the epoxy group-containing polymerizable unsaturated monomer is 0.25: 1 to 1.25: 1. It is preferable to be within the range.
[0012]
In the reaction between the carboxyl group in the fatty acid component and the epoxy group in the epoxy group-containing polymerizable unsaturated monomer, usually a polymerization inhibitor such as hydroquinone, a tertiary amine such as N, N-dimethylaminoethanol, bromide An esterification reaction catalyst such as a quaternary ammonium salt such as tetraethylammonium or tetrabutylammonium bromide can be used, and an organic solvent inert to these functional groups may be present. The reaction conditions may be any conditions as long as the carboxyl group in the fatty acid component can react with the epoxy group in the epoxy group-containing polymerizable unsaturated monomer without causing a reaction problem such as gelation. Conditions of heating at 100 to 180 ° C. for about 2 to 10 hours are appropriate.
[0013]
Examples of the carbonyl group-containing monomer (b) include acrolein, diacetone acrylamide, diacetone methacrylamide, acetoacetoxyethyl methacrylate, formylstyrene, vinyl alkyl ketone having 4 to 7 carbon atoms (for example, Vinyl methyl ketone, vinyl ethyl ketone, vinyl butyl ketone) and the like. Of these, diacetone acrylamide and diacetone methacrylamide are particularly suitable.
[0014]
Other polymerizable unsaturated monomers (c) include, for example, methyl (meth) acrylate, ethyl (meth) acrylate, propyl (meth) acrylate, n-, (meth) acrylate, i-, t-butyl. , Hexyl (meth) acrylate, octyl (meth) acrylate, 2-ethylhexyl (meth) acrylate, nonyl (meth) acrylate, decyl (meth) acrylate, cyclohexyl (meth) acrylate, (meth) acrylic acid C4 or more, preferably C4-10 alkyl or cycloalkyl esters of (meth) acrylic acid such as lauryl, stearyl (meth) acrylate, isobornyl (meth) acrylate; (meth) acrylic acid 1,2 , 2,6,6-pentamethylpiperidyl, 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidinyl (meth) acrylate, 2 (2'-hydroxy-5'-methacryloxyphenyl) -2H-benzotriazole; vinyl aromatic compounds such as styrene and vinyltoluene; N-vinylpyrrolidone, ethylene, butadiene, chloroprene, vinyl propionate, vinyl acetate, (meta ) Acrylonitrile and the like, and these are appropriately used depending on the desired performance.
[0015]
As other polymerizable unsaturated monomer (c), a monomer having an acid group or a hydroxyl group which is a hydrophilic group can also be used, and it can be used within a range that does not adversely affect the water permeability of the coating film. desirable. Examples of the monomer having such a hydrophilic group include (meth) acrylic acid, maleic acid, crotonic acid, β-carboxyethyl acrylate, 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid, allyl sulfonic acid, and styrene sulfone. Acid sodium salt, sulfoethyl methacrylate and its sodium and ammonium salts; (meth) acrylamide, dimethylaminopropyl (meth) acrylamide, dimethylaminoethyl (meth) acrylate, and glycidyl (meth) acrylate Adducts of amines and amines; (meth) acrylates having polyoxyethylene chains; and (meth) acrylic acids such as 2-hydroxyethyl (meth) acrylate and hydroxypropyl (meth) acrylate C2-C8 hydroxyalkyl ester And the like.
[0016]
The proportion of the monomer mixture used is as follows: (a) 1-60 wt%, preferably 5-50 wt%, (b) 0.5-35 wt%, preferably 1-30 wt%, and (c) ) Is 5 to 98.5% by weight, preferably 20 to 94% by weight. When the use ratio of (a) is less than 1% by weight, the oxidative polymerization of the coated film does not proceed. On the other hand, when it exceeds 60% by weight, the coated film becomes hard and brittle after drying, and weather resistance and alkali resistance. Is not preferable because it is inferior. If (b) is less than 0.5% by weight, the resulting coating film has insufficient water resistance and alkali resistance. On the other hand, if it exceeds 35% by weight, the hydrophilicity of the coating film becomes too high, and even after curing. Since water resistance will fall, it is not preferable.
[0017]
The copolymer (I) is obtained by a conventionally known radical polymerization method such as emulsion polymerization or solution polymerization, and the copolymer (I) is dispersed in an aqueous medium to obtain a copolymer emulsion. It is a good thing.
[0018]
A copolymer emulsion by emulsion polymerization can be easily obtained by emulsion polymerization of the monomer mixture in the presence of an emulsifier, for example. Examples of the emulsifier include an anionic surfactant, a nonionic surfactant, and a reactive emulsifier. Emulsion polymerization can be carried out using a polymerization initiator in the presence of one or more of the emulsifiers.
[0019]
The copolymer emulsion may be a core / shell type. In that case, first, the monomer mixture forming the core component is subjected to a first stage emulsion polymerization using a polymerization initiator in the presence of an emulsifier to obtain a copolymer aqueous dispersion, and then in the aqueous dispersion. The monomer mixture forming the shell component is subjected to the second stage emulsion polymerization using a polymerization initiator to obtain an aqueous dispersion of core-shell particles. The composition of the monomer mixture forming the core and the shell and the weight ratio of the core / shell can be appropriately selected without particular limitation as long as the use ratio of the entire monomer is within the above range.
[0020]
On the other hand, in the case of solution polymerization, it can be easily obtained by polymerizing the monomer mixture in an organic solvent in the presence of a polymerization initiator. The resulting copolymer is emulsified by, for example, introducing a hydrophilic group into the copolymer and neutralizing this hydrophilic group with a neutralizing agent to make it aqueous, or by self- A method of emulsifying, a method of forcibly stirring the copolymer in water in the presence of an emulsifier, and dispersing the copolymer in water, and a method of dispersing the copolymer in water using a specific emulsifying device that makes particles ultrafine And a method using these in combination.
[0021]
The number average molecular weight of the copolymer (I) is suitably 10,000 to 300,000, preferably 20,000 to 200,000. When the number average molecular weight is less than 10,000, the weather resistance and water resistance of the resulting coating film may be lowered. On the other hand, when the number average molecular weight exceeds 300,000, the film forming property may be lowered.
[0022]
In the present invention, the copolymer (I) may be used in combination with an emulsion polymer other than the copolymer (I) obtained by emulsion polymerization of a polymerizable unsaturated monomer mixture containing a carbonyl group-containing unsaturated monomer. it can. The polymerizable unsaturated monomer mixture containing the carbonyl group-containing unsaturated monomer used is appropriately selected from one or more monomers (b) and (c) listed in the description of the copolymer (I). Can do. When using this emulsion polymer together, it can mix | blend so that it may become 50% or less suitably in the total solid content weight with (I).
[0023]
The compound (II) used in the present invention has at least one functional group selected from a hydrazide group, a semicarbazide group and a hydrazone group in two molecules, and as the compound (II), Saturated fatty acid carboxylic acid dihydrazides having 2 to 18 carbon atoms such as oxalic acid dihydrazide, malonic acid dihydrazide, glutaric acid dihydrazide, succinic acid dihydrazide, adipic acid dihydrazide, sebacic acid dihydrazide, etc .; maleic acid dihydrazide, fumaric acid dihydrazide, itacone Monoolefinically unsaturated dicarboxylic acid dihydrazides such as acid dihydrazide, phthalic acid, terephthalic acid or isophthalic acid dihydrazide, and pyromellitic acid dihydrazide, trihydrazide or tetrahydrazide; nitrilotrihydrazide, citric acid Low polymers having hydrazide, 1,2,4-benzenetrihydrazide, ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid tetrahydrazide, 1,4,5,8-naphthoic acid tetrahydrazide, carboxylic acid lower alkyl ester groups are converted to hydrazine or hydrazine hydrate (hydrazine Polyhydrazide obtained by reacting with hydrad) (see Japanese Patent Publication No. 52-22878); carbonic acid dihydrazide, bissemicarbazide; diisocyanate such as hexamethylene diisocyanate and isophorone diisocyanate, and polyisocyanate compound derived therefrom, N, N-dimethyl N, N-substituted hydrazines such as hydrazine, polyfunctional semicarbazides obtained by excessively reacting the above-exemplified hydrazides, polyisocyanate compounds, polyethers, polyols and polyethylene groups An aqueous polyfunctional semicarbazide obtained by excessively reacting the above-mentioned dihydrazide with an isocyanate group in a reaction product with an active hydrogen compound containing a hydrophilic group, such as a coal monoalkyl ether, or the polyfunctional semicarbazide and an aqueous polyfunctional And mixtures with semicarbazide (see JP-A-8-151358, JP-A-8-283377, JP-A-8-245878) and the like.
[0024]
The compound (II) is used with respect to 1 mol of the carbonyl group contained in the copolymer (I) (or the copolymer (I) combined with another carbonyl group-containing copolymer). It is appropriate that the functional group selected from hydrazide group, semicarbazide group and hydrazone group in compound (II) is 0.01 to 2 mol, preferably 0.05 to 1.5 mol. If the compounding ratio of the compound (II) is less than 0.01 mol, a sufficient crosslinking effect cannot be obtained, resulting in a problem of brittleness at the time of film formation. I can't get it.
[0025]
In the present invention, examples of the aqueous medium (III) include water or a water-organic solvent mixed solution obtained by dissolving water and an organic solvent such as a water-soluble organic solvent.
[0026]
The aqueous coating composition of the present invention contains the resin composition of the present invention obtained as described above, and further, if necessary, a color pigment such as titanium oxide, carbon black, bengara, calcium carbonate, talc, mica. -It can contain extender pigments such as clay and barita, rust preventive pigments such as zinc phosphate, calcium phosphate, aluminum dihydrogen triphosphate, and other fillers and aggregates. The aqueous coating composition of the present invention can be made into a glossy or matte coating as desired by appropriately adjusting the composition and pigment concentration of these pigments.
[0027]
The aqueous coating composition of the present invention may further comprise a pigment dispersant, a wetting agent, an antifoaming agent, a plasticizer, a film-forming aid, an organic solvent, a thickener, a preservative, a fungicide, and a pH adjuster as necessary An additive for coating materials such as a rust preventive agent such as a last spot agent and a curing catalyst such as a metal dryer may be appropriately selected and contained in combination.
[0028]
The aqueous coating composition of the present invention is applied to the substrate surface by a conventionally known method such as roller coating, spray coating, or brush coating.
[0029]
As the base material surface, concrete, mortar, slate, slate tile, nitrogen-based building materials, metals, plastics, etc. used for parts that require waterproofing, such as roofs and outer walls of buildings, etc. The material surface and the old paint film surface painted on them are mentioned. A water-based or solvent-type undercoat material can be applied to the substrate surface, and the aqueous paint composition can be applied after the undercoat material is applied. As the undercoat material, for example, an acrylic resin-based, acrylic rubber-based, chlorinated rubber-based, styrene-butadiene rubber-based, epoxy-based sealer or primer, a base repair material containing a cement component, a base conditioner, Thickening materials are listed.
[0030]
【Example】
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to examples. “Parts” and “%” indicate “parts by weight” and “% by weight”.
[0031]
Production of fatty acid-modified monomer (a) Production Example 1
The following components were put into a reaction vessel and reacted at a temperature of 170 ° C. with stirring to obtain a fatty acid-modified monomer (a-1). The addition reaction of epoxy groups and carboxyl groups was followed while measuring the amount of residual carboxyl groups. It took about 3 hours to complete the reaction.
Linseed oil fatty acid 237 parts Glycidyl methacrylate 119 parts Hydroquinone 0.4 parts Tetraethylammonium bromide 0.2 parts
Production Example 2
The following components were put into a reaction vessel and reacted at a temperature of 140 to 150 ° C. with stirring to obtain a fatty acid-modified monomer (a-2). The amount of epoxy group and carboxyl group was followed while being measured. It took about 4.5 hours to complete the reaction.
Tall oil fatty acid 235 parts Glycidyl methacrylate 119 parts Hydroquinone 0.4 parts Tetraethylammonium bromide 0.2 parts
Preparation of copolymer emulsion Preparation example 1
A flask containing 36 parts of deionized water and 0.36 part of “Newcol 707SF” (Note 1) was heated to 80 ° C. after purging with nitrogen. While maintaining the internal solution at 80 ° C., 0.1 part of ammonium persulfate was added, and then a monomer emulsion having the following composition was added dropwise over 3 hours.
Deionized water 52.4 parts Fatty acid-modified monomer (a-1) 15 parts Diacetone acrylamide 5 parts Acrylic acid 1 part Styrene 10 parts Methyl methacrylate 30 parts n-Butyl acrylate 39 parts Newcol 707SF 9.6 parts Ammonium persulfate 0.2 From 30 minutes after the completion of the dropwise addition, a solution of 0.1 part of ammonium persulfate dissolved in 1 part of deionized water was added dropwise for 30 minutes, and the mixture was kept at 80 ° C. for 2 hours for a copolymer emulsion having a nonvolatile content of 50%. A-1) was obtained. The number average molecular weight of this copolymer was about 150,000.
[0034]
(Note 1) manufactured by Nippon Emulsifier Co., Ltd., an anionic surfactant having a polyoxyethylene chain, 30% non-volatile content
Creation examples 2-5
In Preparation Example 1, copolymer emulsions (A-2) to (A-5) were obtained in the same manner as in Preparation Example 1, except that the composition of the monomer emulsion was as shown in Table 1.
[0035]
[Table 1]
Figure 0004160308
[0036]
Preparation of water-based paint Each formulation shown in the composition (B) of Table 2 was sequentially charged in the container of Example and Comparative Example, and stirring was continued with a disper for 30 minutes until a pigment paste was obtained. Thereafter, the respective formulations shown in the composition (C) of Table 2 were sequentially added to the pigment paste to obtain water-based paints. As Comparative Example 3, “SD Horus 1000” (synthetic resin blend paint, manufactured by Kansai Paint Co., Ltd.) was prepared.
[0037]
Each of these paints was subjected to the following performance test. The results are shown in Table 3. In Table 2, (Note 2) to (Note 7) are as follows.
(Note 2) “Suraoff 72N”: Takeda Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., preservative (Note 3) “Nopco Santo K”: San Nopco, pigment dispersant (Note 4) “Adecanol UH-438”: Adeka Co., thickener (Note 5) “Titanium White JR-600A”: manufactured by Teika, Titanium White (Note 6) “SN Deformer 380”: manufactured by San Nopco, defoamer (Note 7) “DICnate 3111”: Dainippon Ink and Chemicals, Inc. Product, dryer, Co content 3%
[0038]
[Table 2]
Figure 0004160308
[0039]
Performance test method (* 1) Caring feeling: Each of the water-based paints of Examples and Comparative Examples is coated on a glass plate using a 6 mil doctor blade, and dried under conditions of an air temperature of 20 ° C. and a relative humidity of 60%. Each test coating was obtained. The appearance of the coating film was visually evaluated after 1 day.
◎: The feeling of holding is particularly excellent ○: The feeling of holding is excellent △: The feeling of holding is poor (* 2) 60 degree gloss: The 60 degree gloss of the test coated plate obtained in the same manner as the above (* 1) was measured. .
[0040]
(* 3) Weather resistance: Steel plate (150 x 70 x 0.8 mm) specified in JIS K 5410 is degreased with xylene, and “Zaurus EX” (terpene dilution type epoxy rust preventive paint, manufactured by Kansai Paint Co., Ltd.) ) Is applied to form an undercoat film, on which the water-based paints of Examples and Comparative Examples are diluted to about 70 KU with clean water and applied with a brush so that the coating amount is 150 g / m 2. Each test coated plate was obtained by drying for 1 week under conditions of an air temperature of 20 ° C. and a relative humidity of 60%. The paint of Comparative Example 3 was diluted with thinner and applied in the same manner.
[0041]
Each test coated plate was irradiated for 1000 hours according to JIS K 5400 9.8.1 (Sunshine carbon arc lamp type) accelerated weathering test, and then each coated plate surface was subjected to 9.6 K whitening degree of JIS K 5400. evaluated. The lower the score, the more chalking is progressing.
[0042]
(* 4) Water resistance: A steel plate (150 × 70 × 0.8 mm) specified in JIS K 5410 is degreased with xylene, and each of the water-based paints of Examples and Comparative Examples is made up to about 70 KU with clean water. Each test coated plate was obtained by diluting and painting with a brush to an application amount of 150 g / m 2 and drying for one week under conditions of an air temperature of 20 ° C. and a relative humidity of 60%. The paint of Comparative Example 3 was diluted with thinner and applied in the same manner.
[0043]
Each test coated plate was subjected to a water resistance test (96 hours immersion) according to JIS K 5400 8.19. Each coated surface after the test was evaluated according to the following criteria.
○: Cracking, peeling, and gloss retention of 60% or more. Δ: One of the above is not applicable.
(* 5) Alkali resistance: Each test coated plate prepared in the same manner as in the above (* 4) was subjected to an alkali resistance test (test time 96 hours) in accordance with 8.21 of JISK 5400. Each coated surface after the test was evaluated according to the following criteria.
○: Cracking, peeling, and gloss retention of 60% or more. Δ: One of the above is not applicable.
【The invention's effect】
According to the present invention, by using a coating resin composition containing a cross-linked emulsion into which an oxidatively curable fatty acid is introduced, it is excellent in finishing properties such as a high feeling of grip and high gloss, and is further excellent in weather resistance, water resistance, etc. A coating film can be formed.
[0046]
[Table 3]
Figure 0004160308

Claims (4)

(a)乾性油脂肪酸及び/又は半乾性油脂肪酸とエポキシ基含有重合性不飽和モノマーとを反応させてなる脂肪酸変性モノマーを1〜60重量%、(b)カルボニル基含有重合性不飽和モノマーを0.5〜35重量%、及び(c)その他の重合性不飽和モノマーを5〜98.5重量%含有するモノマー混合物を共重合して得られる共重合体(I)、ヒドラジド基、セミカルバジド基及びヒドラゾン基から選ばれる少なくとも1種以上の官能基を1分子中に2個以上有する化合物(II)、及び水性媒体(III)を含み、該共重合体(I)が水性媒体(III)中に分散されてなることを特徴とする水性塗料用樹脂組成物。(A) 1 to 60% by weight of a fatty acid-modified monomer obtained by reacting a drying oil fatty acid and / or a semi-drying oil fatty acid with an epoxy group-containing polymerizable unsaturated monomer, and (b) a carbonyl group-containing polymerizable unsaturated monomer. Copolymer (I) obtained by copolymerizing a monomer mixture containing 0.5 to 35% by weight and (c) 5 to 98.5% by weight of other polymerizable unsaturated monomers, hydrazide group, semicarbazide group And a compound (II) having two or more functional groups selected from hydrazone groups in one molecule and an aqueous medium (III), and the copolymer (I) is contained in the aqueous medium (III). A resin composition for water-based paints, characterized by being dispersed in water. 共重合体(I)が、数平均分子量10,000〜300,000である請求項1記載の水性塗料用樹脂組成物。The resin composition for water-based paints according to claim 1, wherein the copolymer (I) has a number average molecular weight of 10,000 to 300,000. 共重合体(I)と化合物(II)の配合比が、該共重合体(I)中に含まれるカルボニル基1モルに対して化合物(II)中の官能基が0.01〜2モルとなるように配合される請求項1記載の水性塗料用樹脂組成物。The compounding ratio of the copolymer (I) and the compound (II) is such that the functional group in the compound (II) is 0.01 to 2 mol with respect to 1 mol of the carbonyl group contained in the copolymer (I). The resin composition for water-based paints of Claim 1 mix | blended so that it may become. 請求項1ないし3のいずれか1項に記載の水性塗料用樹脂組成物を含む水性塗料組成物。An aqueous coating composition comprising the resin composition for an aqueous coating according to any one of claims 1 to 3.
JP2002033287A 2002-02-12 2002-02-12 RESIN COMPOSITION FOR WATER COATING AND WATER COATING COMPOSITION CONTAINING THE SAME Expired - Fee Related JP4160308B2 (en)

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US7220802B2 (en) * 2005-03-04 2007-05-22 Cook Composites & Polymers Co. Self-crosslinking alkyd dispersion
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