JP4148184B2 - Program for realizing automatic accompaniment data generation method and automatic accompaniment data generation apparatus - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a program and an automatic accompaniment data generation apparatus for realizing an automatic accompaniment data generation method for generating automatic accompaniment data for stringed instruments based on a rhythm pattern.

  As an automatic accompaniment data generation device that generates automatic accompaniment data using an accompaniment pattern, for example, a device called an arpeggiator and a device that generates automatic accompaniment data according to an accompaniment style have been known.

  The arpeggiator generates arpeggios (distributed chords) in response to key presses, and the arpeggiator has multiple key numbers (not note numbers corresponding to pitches) and their pronunciation as arpeggio patterns. The timing is memorized, a number is assigned to a plurality of note numbers simultaneously pressed according to a predetermined rule (for example, in order of increasing pitch), and a number corresponding to the key number in the arpeggio pattern is assigned A number is generated at the sounding timing to generate an arpeggio based on the key-press sound (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

On the other hand, an apparatus for generating automatic accompaniment data according to an accompaniment style stores various types of accompaniment patterns according to various styles (genres, etc.), and based on the accompaniment pattern corresponding to the accompaniment style selected by the user. The automatic accompaniment data is generated in accordance with the input chord detected from the keyboard or the like. The accompaniment pattern is a set of pitch data corresponding to the pitch of each accompaniment sound and timing data indicating the sound generation timing. For example, the accompaniment pattern is prepared as a source pattern based on a predetermined chord such as Cmaj. Yes. Then, the pitch in the source pattern is converted according to the type of the input chord, and the whole pitch is shifted according to the root of the input chord to generate an accompaniment with a pitch that matches the chord. (For example, refer to Patent Document 2).
Also, assign different strings and different performances to multiple controls, determine the pitch corresponding to each string according to the specified chord, and perform information on the strings or performances corresponding to the operated controls Or a template such as cutting or arpeggio that stipulates when to generate the sound of each string, determines the pitch corresponding to each string according to the specified chord, In some cases, performance information of each string is generated at a timing according to the template (see, for example, Patent Document 3).
JP 2001-022354 A Japanese Patent No. 3319390 JP 2000-66677 A

  However, the conventional automatic accompaniment data generation device does not generate automatic accompaniment data for stringed instruments. Therefore, when a stringed instrument is played according to the created automatic accompaniment data, the performance becomes uncomfortable or Sometimes it was not possible.

  Also, in order to generate automatic accompaniment data that can be played with a stringed instrument using the arpeggiator, the user must consider (examine) and input a pitch that can be played with a target stringed instrument (for example, a guitar). It was very troublesome.

  The present invention has been made paying attention to this point, and provides a program and an automatic accompaniment data generation apparatus for realizing an automatic accompaniment data generation method capable of easily generating automatic accompaniment data for stringed instruments. The purpose is to provide.

In order to achieve the above object, the program according to claim 1 uses any fret for each of the chords , a rhythm pattern supplying step for supplying a rhythm pattern , a chord information supplying step for supplying chord information indicating a chord, and a chord. A first deciding step for deciding a fret number for each string according to a voicing expansion table that defines for each string by a fret number and a chord indicated by the chord information supplied by the chord information supplying step; A reference pitch information supply step for supplying reference pitch information for each string, a fret number determined by the first determination step, and a reference pitch information supplied by the reference pitch information supply step a second determining step of determining a sound pitch to be sounded for each string, supplied by said rhythm pattern supplying step A designation step of designating the presence or absence of sound by the strings for each tone generation timing of the rhythm pattern, for strings have no sound is designated by the designating step, the accompaniment of the second decision step pronunciation pitch determined by An accompaniment sound information generating step for generating accompaniment sound information of the sound pitch determined by the second determination step for the string for which sound generation is specified by the specifying step while generating no sound information; and the accompaniment the accompaniment sound information generated by the sound information generation step, characterized in that to execute an automatic accompaniment data generation method in a computer and a registration step of registering as an automatic accompaniment data.

Preferably, in the automatic accompaniment data generation method, a predetermined time or more is generated between a pronunciation stop position of certain accompaniment sound information included in the automatic accompaniment data and a pronunciation start position of accompaniment sound information immediately after the accompaniment sound information. when the no-sound interval is present, a setting step of setting whether to extend the pronunciation length included in the former accompaniment tone information, sometimes extended by said setting step is set, the sound length is And a change step for changing the sound generation stop position of the accompaniment sound information so as to be extended.

  More preferably, the pitch name information is chord information.

  In order to achieve the above object, the automatic accompaniment data generating device according to claim 4 can be realized by the same technical idea as in claim 1.

According to the first or fourth aspect of the invention, the fret number determined for each string in accordance with the voicing expansion table and the chord indicated by the supplied chord information, the reference pitch information for each string, and the rhythm Since accompaniment sound information is generated based on the content specified for each string whether or not the sound is generated at each pattern generation timing, and the generated accompaniment sound information is registered as automatic accompaniment data. Automatic accompaniment data can be easily generated. Also, by changing the content specified for each string whether or not the rhythm pattern is sounded at every sounding timing, various automatic accompaniment data can be generated from one rhythm pattern.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

  FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a schematic configuration of an automatic accompaniment data generation device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

  As shown in the figure, the automatic accompaniment data generating device of the present embodiment includes a manipulator group 1 including a character input keyboard, a pointing device such as a mouse, and a plurality of manipulators such as various switches, and the manipulator group. 1, a detection circuit 2 for detecting the operation state of each operator, a CPU 3 for controlling the entire apparatus, a ROM 4 for storing a control program executed by the CPU 3, various table data, etc., performance music data, accompaniment style data , RAM 5 for temporarily storing various input information and calculation results, various application programs including the control program, various performance music data, various accompaniment style data, various data, and the like, and various information Such as a liquid crystal display (LCD) and a light emitting diode (LED). 7 and an external control device 100 such as an external MIDI (Musical Instrument Digital Interface) device, and a communication interface (I / F) 8 for transmitting / receiving data to / from the external control device 100, and the stored performance music data And a tone generator circuit 9 for converting musical tone data generated based on accompaniment style data or the like into a musical tone signal, an effect circuit 10 for imparting various effects to the musical tone signal from the tone generator circuit 9, and the effect circuit 10 For example, a sound system 11 such as a DAC (Digital-to-Analog Converter), an amplifier, and a speaker.

  The above components 2 to 10 are connected to each other via the bus 12, the external control device 100 is connected to the communication I / F 8, the effect circuit 10 is connected to the sound source circuit 9, and the sound is supplied to the effect circuit 10. A system 11 is connected.

  Examples of the external storage device 6 include a flexible disk drive (FDD), a hard disk drive (HDD), a CD-ROM drive, and a magneto-optical disk (MO) drive. As described above, the external storage device 6 can also store a control program to be executed by the CPU 3. If the control program is not stored in the ROM 4, the control program is stored in the external storage device 6. By reading it into the RAM 5, it is possible to cause the CPU 3 to perform the same operation as when the control program is stored in the ROM 4. In this way, control programs can be easily added and upgraded.

  In the illustrated example, the external control device 100 is connected to the communication I / F 8. However, the communication I / F 8 is not limited to this. For example, a server computer can be connected via a communication network such as a LAN (Local Area Network), the Internet, or a telephone line. You may make it connect. In this case, if the above programs and various parameters are not stored in the external storage device 6, the communication I / F 8 is used for downloading the programs and parameters from the server computer. A computer serving as a client (in this embodiment, an automatic accompaniment data generation device) transmits a command for requesting downloading of a program and parameters to the server computer via the communication I / F 8 and the communication network. The server computer receives this command and distributes the requested program or parameter to the computer via the communication network. The computer receives the program or parameter via the communication I / F 8 and receives the external storage device 6. Downloading is completed by accumulating in.

  Note that the automatic accompaniment data generation device of the present embodiment is constructed on a general-purpose personal computer as can be seen from the above configuration, but is not limited to this, and is the minimum element that can implement the present invention. It may be constructed on a dedicated device composed only of the above.

  A control process executed by the automatic accompaniment data generating apparatus configured as described above will be described in detail with reference to FIGS.

  FIG. 2 is a flowchart showing a procedure of an automatic accompaniment data generating process executed by the automatic accompaniment data generating apparatus of the present embodiment, particularly the CPU 3.

  In this automatic accompaniment data generation process, the tone pitch of each string is determined based on the reference pitch table and chord information string of each string selected and set by the user, and the determined tone pitch of each string and the user are determined. The accompaniment sound information of each string is generated for each sound generation timing of the rhythm pattern selected and set by the user based on the presence / absence of sound generation of each string designated by the user and registered as automatic accompaniment data. However, the accompaniment sound information is not generated for the string set by the user without sounding even if the sounding pitch is determined. Here, it is assumed that the accompaniment sound information is information composed of the sound production pitch, the sound production timing, and the sound production length (time from the sound production start to the sound production end), and the automatic accompaniment data is obtained by arranging the accompaniment sound information in the order of pronunciation. Further, the automatic accompaniment data generation apparatus of the present embodiment is provided with a pronunciation stop extension function, and the automatic accompaniment data generation process includes a process for realizing this pronunciation stop extension function.

  When the automatic accompaniment data generation process of FIG. 2 is started, first, for example, a plurality of rhythm patterns stored in the external storage device 6 are displayed as a list on the display device 7. When the user selects one of them, the selected rhythm pattern is stored and set in a rhythm pattern storage area (not shown) secured in the RAM 5 (step S1). Here, the rhythm pattern means a note string of a predetermined length (each note is given information on the sounding timing and note length (sounding length), but not given pitch information). In the upper part of a), as the selected rhythm pattern, a one-measure length rhythm pattern consisting of eight eighth notes is shown. In the present embodiment, the rhythm pattern is selected from those created in advance and stored in the external storage device 6. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and when generating automatic accompaniment data, Those created or edited by may be used.

  Next, a reference pitch table for each string selected by the user is set (step S2). FIG. 3B is a diagram showing an example of a reference pitch table (open string table) for each string, and FIG. 3B shows an open string table whose tuning type is “normal type”. Has been. Other guitar tuning types include “Open-D” and “Open-G”. In this embodiment, an open string table is created for each tuning type and stored in the external storage device 6. It is memorized and the user is allowed to select one of them. In this embodiment, a guitar is assumed as a stringed instrument. However, this is only for convenience of explanation, and the present invention can be similarly applied to other stringed instruments such as a bass. When the present invention is applied to a stringed instrument other than a guitar, for example, a bass, the open string table cannot use the above guitar table (FIG. 3B) as it is. It is necessary to keep.

  Returning to FIG. 2, “ON” or “OFF” of the sound generation stop extension function selected by the user is set (step S3). Details of the sound generation stop extension function will be described later.

  Next, a code information string is input (step S4). Here, the chord information string is information that is a basis for determining the pitch of each accompaniment sound information. For example, the chord information string includes a plurality of chord names (chord names) and their generation (designation) timing. It is composed of a sequence consisting of a set. In the present embodiment, for convenience of explanation, a chord information sequence corresponding to one automatic accompaniment to be generated is created in advance and stored in the external storage device 6. Therefore, the input of the code information sequence in step S4 corresponds to a process of reading the target code information sequence from the external storage device 6 and storing it in a code information sequence storage area (not shown) secured in the RAM 5. To do. In the present embodiment, only one code information string is stored in the external storage device 6. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and a plurality of types of code information strings may be stored. However, in this case, during the process of step S4, a process for allowing the user to select one of a plurality of types of code information strings is necessary.

  Next, one piece of code information in the input code information string is targeted, and an effective section of the target code information is calculated (step S5). Here, the valid section of the target code information can be easily obtained by calculating the difference between the generation timing of the target code information and the generation timing of the code information positioned next. Note that when the target code information is located at the end of the code information sequence, there is no code information sequence located next, so the above method cannot calculate an effective section. The valid section may be from the generation timing of the code information sequence to the end of the measure.

  If there is target code information, that is, there is at least one code information that has not been targeted in the past in the input code information string, and the target code information is targeted, the target code information And the tone pitch of each string is determined based on the reference pitch table of each string (steps S6 → S7). Hereinafter, a method for determining the tone pitch of each string will be described.

  FIG. 3A is a diagram showing an example of a voicing expansion table in which a chord name is associated with a pitch of a musical tone that is generated by each string when the chord name is given. In the present embodiment, the tone pitch of each string is determined using this voicing expansion table. In the voicing expansion table in FIG. 4A, each string is associated with an integer value. Among these integer values, a value equal to or greater than “1” indicates a fret number, “0” indicates an open string, and “−1” does not use the string (does not sound with that string). It is shown that. There are many code names other than those shown in the figure. That is, only a part of the voicing expansion table is shown in FIG.

  For example, when “C” is targeted as the chord information, data having a chord name “C” from the voicing expansion table, that is, the first string: 0; the second string: 1; the third string: 0; 4th string: 2; 5th string: 3; 6th string: -1 is read. In this data, “0” indicates that the string is an open string as described above. Therefore, for “0”, the corresponding pitch is obtained from the open string table of FIG. read out. “−1” indicates that the string is not used, and a value of “1” or more indicates a fret number. Therefore, when the target chord information is “C” and the voicing expansion table of FIG. 3A and the open string table of FIG. 3B are used, the tone pitch of each string is the first string: E4; second string: C4; third string: G3; fourth string: E3; fifth string: C3; sixth string: determined without sounding.

  Returning to FIG. 2, a screen for setting whether or not each string is sounded at each rhythm pattern sounding timing is displayed on the display device 7 (step S8), and the user uses this setting screen to display the rhythm pattern. Is set at each tone generation timing, the setting state is stored in a predetermined area (not shown) of the RAM 5 (step S9).

  FIG. 4A is a diagram showing an example of a setting screen after the user has set whether or not to sound each string at each rhythm pattern sounding timing. The setting screen of the illustrated example is a UI (user interface) that can set whether or not to sound at each sounding timing on the rhythm pattern selected and set in step S1 and 6 lines corresponding to 6 strings. And is composed of. On this UI, “●” indicates that the sound of the string is sounded, and “◯” indicates that the sound of the string is not sounded. To change “●” set to be pronounced to “◯”, the cursor C is moved to “●” and a click operation is performed. On the other hand, in order to change “◯” set to not sound to “●”, similarly, the cursor C is moved to “◯” and a click operation is performed.

  Then, accompaniment sound information for each string is generated for each rhythm pattern sounding timing based on the sounding pitch determined in step S7 and the sounding presence / absence information specified in step S9 (step S10). FIG. 4 (b) displays the musical accompaniment data generated when “C” is selected as the chord information and the rhythm pattern and the presence / absence information of the pronunciation are set as shown in FIG. 4 (a). FIG. Since the sound generation timing T in FIG. 4 (a) is set so that only the sounds of the second and third strings are sounded, only "C4" and "G3" are set in the automatic accompaniment data in FIG. 4 (b). Has been generated.

  Next, the pronunciation stop extension function will be described.

  FIG. 5 compares the difference in pronunciation length between when the pronunciation stop is extended and when it is not extended with respect to the automatic accompaniment data of FIG. 4B. FIG. Fig. 5 (b) shows a case where no sound is extended (when the sound generation stop extension function is set to "OFF"). Fig. 5B shows a case where the sound generation stop extension is made (the sound generation stop extension function is set to "ON"). When). In FIGS. 5 (a) and 5 (b), the shaded area indicates a section during sound generation.

  As can be seen by comparing FIG. 5A and FIG. 5B, for example, the third sounding interval from the beginning of the first string in FIG. 5A is the next in FIG. 5B. It is extended until just before the start of the pronunciation. That is, the sound generation stop timing is extended. This sound generation stop extension function is realized as follows.

  That is, when the sound generation stop extension function is set to “ON”, after all the accompaniment sound information included in the valid section of the target chord information is generated, the accompaniment sound information is generated for each accompaniment sound information. Check the rhythm pattern of the same string as the one to be played, and check if there is a sound at the next sounding timing.If there is no sound, the sounding stop timing of the accompaniment sound information will be displayed until just before the next sounding timing. Extend (provided in step S10). In the present embodiment, as described above, the accompaniment sound information is composed of the sound production pitch, the sound production timing, and the sound production length. Therefore, extending the sound production stop timing is equivalent to extending the sound production length.

  In the present embodiment, the sounding stop extension function can select only “ON” or “OFF”, and when “ON” is selected, the accompaniment sound information adjacent to each other on the same string is selected. If there is a silent section, the sound generation stop timing of the previous accompaniment sound information is uniformly extended to just before the sound generation start timing of the subsequent accompaniment sound information, but this is not limiting, and the extension time can be selected in stages. You may do it. For example, the user sets “k” as an integer value such as 8, 16, 32 so that the sound generation stop timing of the previous accompaniment sound information is extended to the k note length before the sound generation start timing of the subsequent accompaniment sound information. Any one of the above may be selected. Of course, the unit of time that can be selected in stages is not limited to the note length, but may be any unit such as “msec” or “%”.

  The accompaniment sound information generated in this way is output in the order of pronunciation and stored in an automatic accompaniment data storage area (not shown) secured in the RAM 5 (step S11).

  FIG. 6 is a diagram for explaining a method for generating arpeggio type automatic accompaniment data by the automatic accompaniment data generation apparatus of the present embodiment. FIG. An example of the setting screen after setting whether or not each string is sounded is shown. FIG. 5B shows “C”, “G”, and “F” specified in order for each measure as chord information, and the rhythm. The automatic accompaniment data generated when the patterns and the presence / absence information of the pronunciation are set as shown in FIG. That is, as shown in FIG. 6 (a), not only the chord stroke type automatic accompaniment data shown in FIG. Arpeggio type accompaniment data can also be generated.

  As described above, in the automatic accompaniment data generation apparatus according to the present embodiment, a reference pitch table (open string table) for each string and a UI that can be set for each string to determine whether or not to generate sound for each rhythm pattern sounding timing. Since the automatic accompaniment data is generated based on the contents set by using the automatic setting, automatic accompaniment data for stringed instruments can be easily generated. Also, by changing the contents set in the UI that can be set for each string whether or not the rhythm pattern is sounded at every sounding timing, various automatic accompaniment data can be generated from one rhythm pattern.

  In this embodiment, the tone pitch of each accompaniment sound information is determined based on the input chord information sequence, but is not limited to this, and is input by playing an instrument such as a keyboard or guitar. The pitch may be determined based on the pitch or the chord information obtained by reproducing the song data. Alternatively, chord information and pitch may be input one by one in real time, and the pronunciation pitch of accompaniment sound information may be determined each time.

  In this embodiment, the tone pitch of each string is determined using the chord information, the open string table, and the voicing expansion table. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and the voicing expansion table is not used. Alternatively, the pitch may be determined by raising the pitch of each open string table by a semitone and calculating the pitch that will be the chord constituent sound of the target chord information. Furthermore, when a voicing expansion table is used, the table data may be configured to be user-configurable.

  Further, in the present embodiment, the UI shown in FIG. 4A is used as the UI capable of setting whether or not to sound at each sounding timing. However, this is only an example, and this is just an example. As long as it can be set for each string whether or not it is pronounced, it is not limited to this.

  A program in which a storage medium storing software program codes for realizing the functions of the above-described embodiments is supplied to a system or apparatus, and a computer (or CPU 3 or MPU) of the system or apparatus is stored in the storage medium. It goes without saying that the object of the present invention can also be achieved by reading and executing the code.

  In this case, the program code itself read from the storage medium realizes the novel function of the present invention, and the storage medium storing the program code constitutes the present invention.

  As a storage medium for supplying the program code, for example, a flexible disk, hard disk, magneto-optical disk, CD-ROM, CD-R, CD-RW, DVD-ROM, DVD-RAM, DVD-RW, DVD + RW, magnetic A tape, a non-volatile memory card, a ROM, or the like can be used. Further, the program code may be supplied from a server computer via a communication network.

  Further, by executing the program code read out by the computer, not only the functions of the above-described embodiments are realized, but also the OS running on the computer based on the instruction of the program code performs the actual processing. It goes without saying that a case where the functions of the above-described embodiment are realized by performing part or all of the above and the processing thereof is included.

  Further, after the program code read from the storage medium is written into a memory provided in a function expansion board inserted into the computer or a function expansion unit connected to the computer, the function expansion is performed based on the instruction of the program code. It goes without saying that the case where the CPU 3 or the like provided in the board or the function expansion unit performs part or all of the actual processing and the functions of the above-described embodiments are realized by the processing.

It is a block diagram which shows schematic structure of the automatic accompaniment data generation apparatus which concerns on one embodiment of this invention. It is a flowchart which shows the procedure of the automatic accompaniment data production | generation process which the automatic accompaniment data production | generation apparatus of FIG. 1, especially CPU performs. It is a figure which shows an example of the voicing expansion | deployment table and the reference pitch table (open string table) of each string. Using an example of a setting screen after the user sets whether or not each string is sounded at each rhythm pattern sounding timing, and “C” is selected as chord information, and the setting state set on the setting screen is used. It is a figure which shows what produced | generated the accompaniment data displayed as a score. FIG. 5 is a diagram comparing the difference in pronunciation length between when the sound generation stop is extended and when the automatic accompaniment data of FIG. 4 is not extended. It is a figure for demonstrating the method to produce | generate the arpeggio type automatic accompaniment data by the automatic accompaniment data production | generation apparatus of FIG.

Explanation of symbols

3 ... CPU (rhythm pattern supply means, chord information supply means, first determination means, second determination means, designation means, accompaniment sound information generation means, registration means), 5 ... RAM (rhythm pattern supply means, chord information) Supply means, storage means, registration means), 6 ... external storage device (rhythm pattern supply means, chord information supply means , storage means )

Claims (4)

A rhythm pattern supply step for supplying a rhythm pattern;
A chord information supply step for supplying chord information indicating a chord;
For each chord, the fret number for each string is determined according to the voicing expansion table that defines which fret to use for each string by the fret number and the chord indicated by the chord information supplied by the chord information supplying step. A first determining step for determining
A reference pitch information supply step for supplying reference pitch information for each string ;
Based on said first fret number and reference pitch information supplied by the reference pitch information supplying step determined by the determining step, a second determining step of determining a sound pitch to be sounded for each chord ,
A designation step for designating the presence or absence of sound generation for each string for each sound generation timing of the rhythm pattern supplied by the rhythm pattern supply step;
For the strings for which no sound is specified by the specifying step, the accompaniment sound information of the sound pitch determined by the second determining step is not generated, while for the strings for which the sound is specified by the specifying step, An accompaniment sound information generation step for generating accompaniment sound information of the pronunciation pitch determined in the second determination step;
A program for causing a computer to execute an automatic accompaniment data generation method including a registration step of registering accompaniment sound information generated by the accompaniment sound information generation step as automatic accompaniment data. The automatic accompaniment data generation method includes:
When there is a non-sounding section of a predetermined time or more between the pronunciation stop position of certain accompaniment sound information included in the automatic accompaniment data and the pronunciation start position of accompaniment sound information immediately after the accompaniment sound information, A setting step for setting whether to extend the pronunciation length included in the former accompaniment sound information ;
Sometimes extended by the setting step is set, so that the sound length is extended, according to claim 1, further comprising a changing step of changing the sound stop position of the accompaniment tone information program.   The program according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the pitch name information is chord information. A rhythm pattern supply means for supplying a rhythm pattern;
Chord information supply means for supplying chord information indicating a chord;
Storage means for storing a voicing expansion table that defines which fret to use for each chord for each string by fret number;
First determining means for determining a fret number for each string according to the voicing expansion table and the chord indicated by the chord information supplied by the chord information supplying means;
Reference pitch information supply means for supplying reference pitch information for each string ;
Based on the first reference pitch information supplied by the fret number and the reference pitch information supply means which is determined by the determining means, second determining means for determining a pronunciation pitch to be sounded for each chord ,
Designating means for designating the presence or absence of sound generation for each string for each sound generation timing of the rhythm pattern supplied by the rhythm pattern supply means;
For the strings for which no sound is specified by the specifying means, the accompaniment sound information of the sound pitch determined by the second determining means is not generated, while for the strings for which the sound is specified by the specifying means, Accompaniment sound information generation means for generating accompaniment sound information of the pronunciation pitch determined by the second determination means;
An automatic accompaniment data generating apparatus comprising: registering means for registering accompaniment sound information generated by the accompaniment sound information generating means as automatic accompaniment data.

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