JP4145157B2 - Soil improvement machine - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a soil conditioner provided with means for adding water or an aqueous solution to the soil to be improved.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In road construction, foundation work, and gas pipe and water and sewage pipe burial work, the soil quality is soft, so an improvement material such as cement or lime is added to refill the soil with an appropriate particle size, moisture content, and hardness. There may be a need.
[0003]
There exists a thing of patent document 1 as such a soil improvement machine, for example. This conventional soil conditioner is equipped with a hopper that puts the soil to be improved in front of the car body, a container for storing the improvement material in the center, and a soil and the improvement material from the container underneath. It has a configuration in which a mixing device for mixing is installed, and the improved earth and sand that has fallen from the mixing device is carried out and accumulated behind the vehicle body by a conveyor.
[0004]
[Patent Document 1]
Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2002-167799.
[0005]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
In the conventional soil improvement machine as described above, the soil content is measured by transporting the soil at the site to a place where the moisture content measuring device is remote from the site, and then the soil is measured with reference to the measured value at the site. The soil quality is improved by controlling the amount of improvement material added.
[0006]
However, under conditions that are easy to dry, such as high temperatures in summer and low humidity in winter, when a considerable amount of time elapses from the time of moisture content measurement to soil quality improvement work in the field, the soil becomes extremely dry and dry. Since cement and quicklime are added to the soil to improve the soil quality, the moisture content may be excessively reduced.
[0007]
This is due to the following reason. That is, when quick lime, for example, is used as the improving material, the properties of the soil are improved by the following reaction.
(Hydration reaction): The moisture in the soil reacts with quicklime to produce slaked lime, and the moisture content decreases.
(Aggregation reaction): The soil particles aggregate by exchanging calcium ions and cations on the surface of the soil particles.
(Posolan reaction): Silica and alumina in the soil react with calcium ions of lime and harden.
(Carbonation reaction): Slaked lime reacts with carbonic acid and carbon dioxide in the soil and continues to solidify.
[0008]
Among the above reactions, when the soil is dried, the moisture content is further lowered by the hydration reaction, the reaction of the subsequent improving material (solidifying material) becomes worse, or it is greatly deviated from the optimum moisture content due to lack of moisture. Inadequate particle size is obtained, and problems such as inability to tightly squeeze and compact during rolling occur. Even when cement is added as an improving material, the progress of the hydration reaction worsens due to excessive drying of the soil, and high-quality improved soil cannot be obtained.
[0009]
In view of the above problems, an object of the present invention is to provide a soil improvement machine from which improved soil with a suitable water content can be obtained. In addition, the present invention provides a soil conditioner capable of obtaining an improved soil having a suitable water content regardless of the capacity of these water-based supply devices when water or an aqueous solution is added to obtain the improved soil. Objective. Moreover, an object of this invention is to provide the soil improvement machine which can obtain the improvement soil sand of a suitable moisture content, when adding cement and lime as an improvement material.
[0010]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
(1) The soil improvement machine of the present invention is a soil improvement machine in which at least water or an aqueous solution for soil improvement is added to the soil and mixed by a mixing device.
Earth and sand supply amount control means for controlling the amount of earth and sand supplied to the mixing device;
Water-based supply control means for controlling the supply of water or an aqueous solution for improving soil quality to the mixing device;
Control is performed so that the ratio between the amount of sediment supplied to the mixing device controlled by the soil supply amount control means and the amount of water or aqueous solution supplied to the mixing device controlled by the aqueous supply amount control means becomes a predetermined value. Control means for
The aqueous supply amount control means includes means for intermittently supplying water or an aqueous solution when the required amount of the supply amount of water or an aqueous solution is less than the minimum amount that can be continuously supplied by the aqueous supply device. And
[0011]
( 2 ) Further, the soil improvement machine of the present invention improves the soil condition when the difference between the set value of the supply amount of water or aqueous solution and the actual detected value is equal to or greater than the set value of the difference continues for a certain time or longer. An emergency stop means for stopping the machine is further provided.
[0012]
( 3 ) Further, in the soil improvement machine of the present invention, the earth and sand supply amount control means is configured to adjust the amount of earth and sand supplied when the required amount of water or an aqueous solution exceeds the maximum amount that can be supplied by the aqueous supply device. It has a means to restrict | limit to the said maximum amount, It is characterized by the above-mentioned.
[0013]
( 4 ) The soil improvement machine of the present invention is further characterized by further comprising an improvement material supply means for adding an improvement material made of powder to the mixing device.
[0014]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
FIG. 1 is a side view showing an embodiment of the soil improvement machine of the present invention. This soil improvement machine has a vehicle body 2 installed on a traveling body 1 and a hopper 3 for introducing earth and sand into a front portion of the vehicle body 2. Further, a hopper 4 for storing an improved material such as cement or lime is mounted behind the hopper 3 (in this example, the center of the vehicle body 2). A hydraulic power unit 5 is mounted on the rear portion of the vehicle body 2.
[0015]
Under the hopper 4 in the vehicle body 2, a metering device 6 for improving material and a water adding device 7 are provided. Below the hopper 4, the improved material supplied by the metering device 6, the earth and sand supplied by a conveyor (feeder) 8 installed below the earth and sand hopper 3, and the water adding device 7 A mixing device 9 for mixing the water or the aqueous solution for improving soil quality is installed.
[0016]
The metering device 6 has, for example, four blades attached to a rotating shaft, a fixed amount of improvement material is accommodated between two blades located adjacent to the upper surface, and rotated so that the blades move to the lower surface. The amount of improvement material between the blades is dropped downward when facing the direction, and the supply amount of the improvement material to the mixing device 9 is controlled by controlling the number of rotations according to the degree of softness of the earth and sand to be improved. Thus, an improved soil having suitable hardness, moisture content and particle size is obtained.
[0017]
The mixing device 9 is provided with an even number of rotating shafts 9a, and paddles 9b are attached to the rotating shafts 9a. By rotating the rotating shafts 9a forming a pair, the earth and sand are sandwiched between the two, The earth and sand introduced from the inlet 9c, the improving material, and water or an aqueous solution for improving soil quality are mixed and discharged from the outlet 9d.
[0018]
Reference numeral 10 denotes a conveyor for carrying out the improved soil discharged from the mixing device 9 to the front of the soil improvement machine. The conveyor 10 is installed between the left and right crawlers 1 a of the traveling body 1, the rear end thereof is located under the improved earth and sand discharge port 9 d of the mixing device 9, and the front end is located in front of the soil improvement machine. The conveyor 10 may be configured to discharge the improved earth and sand backward.
[0019]
FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing a mixing control system of the soil improvement machine. In FIG. 2, the water adding device 7 is supplied with water from the tank lorry 11 via the water adding tube 12 and is rotated by a drive motor 13 that supplies the mixing device 9, a flow rate detector 15 that detects the amount of water added, It consists of a watering valve 18 that opens and closes the water tube 12. The drive motor 13 of this example is a three-phase AC motor that is supplied with the electric power of the three-phase AC generator 16 provided in the hydraulic power unit 5 controlled by an inverter 17.
[0020]
In order to detect the amount of earth and sand supplied to the conveyor 8 for supplying earth and sand, the speed detector 19 of the drive motor 22 of the conveyor 8 comprising an electric motor or a hydraulic motor and the earth and sand height for detecting the earth and sand height on the conveyor 8 are detected. A detector 20 is provided. The controller 21 is provided with a recording device 23 for recording the supply amount of each mixture. In addition, the controller 21 has setting means 24 for various data (such as a sediment supply amount, an improved material supply ratio, a water addition amount, and whether or not the water supply amount is proportionally controlled with respect to the sediment) such as a keyboard and a switch.
[0021]
Detection signals from the speed detector 19 and the sediment height detector 20 are sent to the controller 21. The controller 21 detects the sediment supply amount per hour from these detection signals by calculation, and the controller 21 sets the detected value. The drive motor 22 is controlled so as to coincide with the earth and sand supply amount set by the means 24. The drive motor 22, the detectors 19 and 20, and the controller 21 constitute earth and sand supply amount control means for performing feedback control.
[0022]
The improvement material supply is performed by controlling the speed of the metering device 6 so that the supply amount to the earth and sand becomes the improvement material supply amount (ratio to the earth and sand) set by the setting means 24.
[0023]
The hydration work mode for supplying water or an aqueous solution can be selected by the setting means 24 between a linked operation (hydration proportion control) mode and a single operation (constant hydration control). When the hydration work mode set by the setting means 24 is proportional control, the speed of the motor 13 and the pump 14 is controlled by the inverter 17 so that the hydration amount is always constant with respect to the unit sediment supply amount. As a result, the amount of water detected by the flow rate detector 15 is set to a predetermined ratio with respect to the amount of earth and sand supplied. Further, when the hydration work mode set by the setting means 24 is constant control of the hydration amount, the speed control of the drive motor 13 and the pump 14 is performed via the inverter 17 so that the hydration amount becomes the set amount. The inverter 17, the drive motor 13, the pump 14, the flow rate detector 15, the water spray valve 18 and the controller 21 constitute water system supply amount control means for performing feedback control.
[0024]
FIG. 3 is a functional block diagram of the controller 21, wherein 21A is a drive motor 22 of the conveyor 8, that is, a control board for the earth and sand supply system, and 21B is a control board for the water system. In the control panel 21 </ b> A, 24 is a sediment supply amount calculation means obtained from the detection signals of the speed detector 19 and the sediment height detector 20 of the drive motor 22. Reference numeral 25 denotes means for instructing start and stop of the conveyor 8 which is an earth and sand feeder, and is constituted by a switch. Reference numeral 26 denotes daily watering data displayed by a display device provided in the control panel 21A, which is printed as a table and recorded as data on a card or disk.
[0025]
Reference numeral 27 denotes earth and sand supply amount setting means, which includes the keyboard and the switch. 28 is a means for commanding an emergency stop, and is constituted by a switch. 29 is a means for receiving the signal from the emergency stop command means 28 and performing emergency stop processing of the earth and sand supply system and the water system supply system. The earth and sand supply system, the water system (conveyor drive motor 22, metering supply device 6, and mixing device) 9. The total stoppage of the water addition device 7) is also performed. The driver 30 of the drive motor 22 controls the speed of the drive motor 22 based on the supply amount signal set by the earth and sand supply amount setting means 27.
[0026]
In the water-based control panel 21B, reference numerals 31, 32, and 33 are respectively configured by the display device of the control panel 21B, and display the amount of earth and sand supplied, the amount of water added, and the cumulative amount of water added. 34 is a water content setting means configured by a switch and a keyboard for setting the water content (ratio of the amount of water or aqueous solution to the earth and sand (L / m ³ )) when performing proportional control of the water content. .
[0027]
Reference numeral 35 denotes a hydration amount tolerance setting means for setting a tolerance between the hydration amount set by the hydration amount setting means 34 and the actual detection amount detected by the flow rate detector 15, and is constituted by the keyboard and the switch. Is done.
[0028]
Reference numeral 36 denotes a hydration operation control means for performing hydration amount calculation and hydration operation control. The hydration calculation operation control means 36 is supplied with a hydration command signal c from the earth and sand supply amount signal a and the hydration amount b from the hydration amount setting means 34 to the rotational speed calculation means 37 for controlling the operation of the inverter 17. The control signal e of the driver 38 of the water spray valve 18 and the start / stop signal f to the inverter 17 are generated from the start / stop signal d of the conveyor 8.
[0029]
Based on the hydration amount designation signal c from the hydration calculation operation control unit 36, the rotation number calculation unit 37 is connected to an inverter so that the rotation number of the drive motor 13 becomes a rotation number that can realize proportional control of the hydration amount. The operation control signal g for 17 is created. In this case, the actual water amount detection signal h detected by the flow rate detector 15 is corrected by referring to the signal i corrected by the flow rate correction calculation coefficient calculation means 39, thereby correcting the operation control signal g and the actual water amount detected. Is adjusted to a suitable amount corresponding to the amount of earth and sand supplied.
[0030]
Reference numeral 40 denotes a hydration amount monitoring means for comparing the hydration amount instruction signal c with the hydration amount detection signal h, and the difference Δ set by the hydration amount tolerance setting means 35 is the absolute value of the difference (c−h). When it becomes larger, an abnormal water amount signal j is generated, an emergency stop signal generating means 41 generates an emergency stop signal, and an emergency stop processing means 42 causes the earth and sand supply system, water supply system (drive motor 13, mixing device 9, metering supply). The apparatus 6 and the drive motor 22 of the conveyor 8 are all stopped. At the same time, the water amount abnormality indicator lamp 43a on the control panel 21B and the external water amount abnormality indicator lamp 43b are turned on.
[0031]
Reference numeral 44 denotes a cumulative water amount calculation means for calculating the cumulative water amount by integrating the water amount command signal c, and the value obtained by the calculation is displayed by the cumulative water amount display means 33. 45 is an indicator lamp that displays the operation or stop of the pump 14 by turning on and off the hydration operation signal f, and 46 is an indicator lamp that displays the open / closed state of the water spray valve 18.
[0032]
FIG. 4 is a functional block diagram centering on the water amount calculation operation control means 36, and 47 is a proportional control means that is operated when the operation mode is proportional control of water addition. Normally, the proportional control means 47 corresponds to this setting signal from the sediment supply amount a (m ³ ) and the water addition amount setting signal b (water flow rate L / sediment supply amount m ³ ) from the water addition amount setting means 34. A signal corresponding to the rotational speed is added to the rotational speed calculation means 37 of the drive motor 13 of the pump 14 so that the amount of water to be added is obtained.
[0033]
Specifically, the amount of water added to the treated soil is controlled by the following equation (1).
W = (M * 1.6 * K / 100) * 1000 (1)
However, W is the amount of water added (L / hr), M is the amount of treated soil (m ³ / hr), and K is the rate of water added (%). Moreover, 1.6 of (1) type | formula is the specific gravity of the soil in a loose state (state which excavated and unraveled).
[0034]
49 is a comparison means for comparing the maximum amount of water corresponding to the maximum capacity of the pump 14 and the amount of water actually required. If the required amount of water is greater than the maximum capacity of the pump 14, The amount of water added is the maximum amount, and the drive motor 22 of the conveyor 8 limits the amount of earth and sand supplied so as to match the amount of water added. That is, the amount of earthenware supplied by the signal detected by the earth and sand height detector 20 and the rotational speed of the drive motor 22 detected by the speed detector 19 is the amount of earth and sand supplied that matches the maximum amount of water added. An operation control signal is applied to the driver 30 of the drive motor 22.
[0035]
50 is a comparison means for comparing the minimum amount of water that can be continuously supplied by the pump 14 with the amount of water actually required. If the required amount of water is less than the minimum amount of the pump 14 that can be continuously supplied, If there is, the intermittent control means 51 starts and stops the inverter 17 intermittently, and controls the duty ratio so that the amount of water added per unit time becomes the set amount.
[0036]
FIG. 5A is a diagram showing the configuration of the control panel 21B. The same reference numerals as those in FIG. 3 denote the same indicator lamps and switches (41 is a switch provided as the emergency stop signal generating means). Further, the control panel 21B has a numerical value selection switch 52 for selecting what data is to be input and set, a numerical value input keyboard 53 for inputting actual data, a display 54, and a display for selecting display contents. And a selection switch 55. Reference numeral 56 denotes a power supply indicator lamp, and 57 denotes an operation preparation indicator lamp, which lights up when the hydration device 7 is activated in a single operation (constant hydration amount control) and in an interlocking operation (hydration proportion control). 59 is an overload indicator lamp which lights up when the equipment is overloaded. Reference numeral 60 denotes an operation selection switch, which operates the hydration operation regardless of the earth and sand supply device when the single operation is selected, and operates in accordance with the operation of the earth and sand supply device when the interlocking operation is selected. Reference numerals 61a and 61b denote a hydration operation switch and a hydration stop switch that are turned on during the hydration operation and when the hydration is stopped, respectively. Reference numeral 62 denotes an inverter trip switch that returns when the switch is pressed when the inverter trips.
[0037]
When the operation selection switch 60 is set to the interlocking side, in the display unit 54, the set amount of water (L / m ³ ), the actual amount of water added (L / min) with respect to the amount of earth and sand supplied (m ³ ), The accumulated amount of water (L) by the amount of accumulated water calculation means 44 is displayed.
[0038]
When the operation selection switch 60 is set to the single side, the display “single operation”, the set flow rate (L / min), and the detected flow rate (L / min) are displayed. Note that the display screen of the display 54 has a notation portion “reset”, and when this portion is pressed, the cumulative water content value on the interlocking operation screen is cleared.
[0039]
The hydration amount tolerance setting means 35 is realized by setting the allowable time and the allowable flow rate difference with the selection by the numerical value selection switch 52 and the keyboard 53, and when the display content is set to the hydration amount tolerance by the display selection switch 55. The display 54 displays a display of “hydration abnormality setting”, an allowable time (seconds), an allowable flow rate (%), a command (setting value of the amount of water addition), and a detection (detection value of the amount of water addition). .
[0040]
When the display selection switch 55 is selected as the monitor screen, the display screen on the display unit 54 displays the amount of earth and sand (m ³ / h), the water set value for the earth and sand (L / m ³ ), and the water addition command value for the earth and sand (L / m ³ ) The water detection value (L / m ³ ) for the earth and sand is displayed.
[0041]
When the display selection switch 55 is selected as the monitor screen, as shown in FIG. 5B, for example, the water addition command value is displayed by a broken line and the water detection value is displayed by a solid line graph on the display screen of the display unit 54. In FIG. 5B, the horizontal axis is a maximum of 45 seconds, and the vertical axis is a maximum of 80 L / min.
[0042]
In addition, when the coefficient adjustment screen is selected, the correction coefficient value is calculated based on the past results of the accumulated water addition command amount and the accumulated water addition detection amount, and the correction coefficient in the flow rate correction coefficient calculating means 39 is updated to obtain the water addition command value. The error from the water detection value is corrected.
[0043]
In this soil conditioner, by adding water as well as the improving material by providing the water adding device 7, in the case of soil having a high water absorption rate or dry soil having a low moisture content, improvement of cement, quick lime, etc. By adding water in addition to the wood, it is possible to prevent the moisture content of the improved soil from becoming too low, promote the hydration reaction, have an appropriate moisture content and particle size, and have good quality that can be compacted by rolling. Improved earth and sand can be obtained. In particular, soil quality improvement is suitably performed by measuring the moisture content at the site and controlling the amount of improvement material and water content according to the measured value.
[0044]
In addition, cement is used as an improvement material to be accommodated in the hopper 4, the relative mixing amount with respect to the earth and sand from the conveyor 8 is adjusted, and the amount of water supplied from the water adding device 7 is adjusted to this, so that soil concrete can be manufactured locally. By providing the structure, it is possible to perform construction as a substitute for the wrinkle concrete (concrete as the foundation of the building instead of the foundation pile).
[0045]
In addition, the present invention can be applied to a stationary soil conditioner, but if applied to a self-propelled soil conditioner, soil concrete is manufactured locally, so that excavated soil is not disposed and transported, thereby reducing costs. In addition, the amount of improvement material (solidification material) added can be reduced by combining the mixing device 9 with the good mixing degree of the biaxial paddle mixer. In other words, in the foundation work, when using a hydraulic excavator at the site and mixing water and cement with the earth and sand at the site as in the past, uniform mixing is difficult and obtaining concrete with the required strength. Although it is necessary to increase the amount of cement, in the case of the present invention, uniform mixing is possible, thereby reducing the amount of cement, improving the quality of soil concrete, and improving work efficiency.
[0046]
In addition, the component equipment is made of chemical-resistant, acid-resistant, and alkali-resistant materials, so that it has a function of improving contaminated soil. For example, an alkaline aqueous solution is added from the water adding device 7 to improve acidic soil, By adding an aqueous solution that improves the soil contaminated by the outflow of the soil, the contaminated soil can be improved, and its use is expanded.
[0047]
In performing the water addition as described above, the present invention includes means for controlling the ratio of the earth and sand and the amount of water or aqueous solution supplied to the mixing device 9 to be a predetermined value. It is possible to provide a soil improvement machine capable of obtaining improved soil. In addition, when the required amount of water exceeds the capacity of the pump 14, the earth and sand supply amount is adjusted to the maximum amount of water added, while when the required amount of water is less than the amount of water that can be continuously supplied, water or an aqueous solution is used. Since intermittent supply is performed, improved soil with a suitable water content can be obtained regardless of the capacity of the water supply device. Moreover, such control of the amount of water can be performed both when the cement and lime are added as an improving material.
[0048]
Such hydration amount control can be suitably performed by providing hydration amount setting means for setting the supply amount of water or aqueous solution to the earth and sand.
[0049]
In addition, since the feedback control that controls the supply amount to become the set value by comparing the set value of the earth and sand supply amount with the detected value of the actual supply amount, it is possible to supply the soil and sand stably. it can.
[0050]
Further, since the supply amount is compared with the detected value of the set value and the actual supply amount of water or an aqueous solution supply amount is to perform a feedback control for controlling so as to set values, stable and precise amount of water Alternatively, an aqueous solution can be added to the earth and sand.
[0051]
In addition, emergency stop means is provided to stop the soil conditioner when the difference between the set value of the supply amount of water or aqueous solution and the actual detected value exceeds the set value of the difference for a certain period of time. , The abnormal amount of water is prevented from continuing.
[0052]
【The invention's effect】
According to the present invention, when the required amount of water is less than the amount of water that can be continuously supplied, water or an aqueous solution is intermittently supplied. Therefore, regardless of the capacity of the aqueous supply device, a suitable water content is obtained. Improved soil is obtained.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a side view showing an embodiment of a soil improvement machine according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing a mixing control system of the soil improvement machine of the present embodiment.
FIG. 3 is a functional block diagram of a control system according to the present embodiment.
FIG. 4 is a functional block diagram of a main part of the present embodiment.
FIG. 5A is a diagram showing an arrangement of devices of a hydration control panel, and FIG. 5B is a graph showing a display example of a hydration amount command value and a detection value.
[Explanation of symbols]
1: traveling body, 2: vehicle body, 3: earth and sand feeding hopper, 4: improvement material feeding hopper, 5: hydraulic power unit, 6: metering device, 7: water feeding device, 8: conveyor, 9: mixing device, 10 : Conveyor, 11: Tank truck, 12: Water pipe, 13: Drive motor, 14: Pump, 15: Water content detector, 16: Generator, 17: Inverter, 18: Watering valve, 19: Speed detector, 20: Sediment height detector, 21: Controller, 21A: Sediment control panel, 21B: Water control panel, 23: Recording device, 24: Setting means, 52: Numerical value selection switch, 53: Numerical value input amount keyboard, 54: Display, 55: Display selection switch, 60: Operation selection switch

Claims (4)

In a soil improvement machine that adds at least water or an aqueous solution for soil improvement to the earth and sand and mixes with a mixing device,
Earth and sand supply amount control means for controlling the amount of earth and sand supplied to the mixing device;
Water-based supply control means for controlling the supply of water or an aqueous solution for improving soil quality to the mixing device;
Control is performed so that the ratio between the amount of sediment supplied to the mixing device controlled by the soil supply amount control means and the amount of water or aqueous solution supplied to the mixing device controlled by the aqueous supply amount control means becomes a predetermined value. Control means for
The aqueous supply amount control means includes means for intermittently supplying water or an aqueous solution when the required amount of the supply amount of water or an aqueous solution is less than the minimum amount that can be continuously supplied by the aqueous supply device. Soil improvement machine. In the soil improvement machine according to claim 1 ,
Emergency stop means is further provided to stop the soil conditioner when the difference between the set value of the supply amount of water or aqueous solution and the actual detected value is equal to or greater than the set value of the difference for a certain period of time. Characteristic soil improvement machine. In the soil improvement machine according to claim 1 or 2 ,
The earth and sand supply control means has means for limiting the earth and sand supply amount according to the maximum amount when the required amount of the water or aqueous solution supply exceeds the maximum amount that can be supplied by the aqueous supply device. Characteristic soil improvement machine. In the soil improvement machine in any one of Claim 1 to 3 ,
A soil improvement machine, further comprising an improvement material supply means for adding an improvement material made of powder to the mixing device.

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