JP4142786B2 - Liquid crystal display - Google Patents

Liquid crystal display Download PDF

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Publication number
JP4142786B2
JP4142786B2 JP659999A JP659999A JP4142786B2 JP 4142786 B2 JP4142786 B2 JP 4142786B2 JP 659999 A JP659999 A JP 659999A JP 659999 A JP659999 A JP 659999A JP 4142786 B2 JP4142786 B2 JP 4142786B2
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Prior art keywords
electrode
liquid crystal
pixel electrode
crystal display
auxiliary capacitance
Prior art date
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Expired - Fee Related
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JP659999A
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Japanese (ja)
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JP2000206559A (en
Inventor
建一郎 山田
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Mitsubishi Electric Corp
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Mitsubishi Electric Corp
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Priority to JP659999A priority Critical patent/JP4142786B2/en
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Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
この発明は、薄膜トランジスタ(Thin Film Transistor,TFT)をスイッチング素子とするアクティブマトリクス型液晶表示装置に関するものである。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
液晶表示装置は、現在ノートPCを中心に急速に市場が拡大している。特に、各画素に薄膜トランジスタ(TFT)を設けたアクティブマトリクス型液晶表示装置は、高コントラスト、高速応答など、動画の表示に優れた特性を持ち、広く活用されている。
【0003】
図1は液晶表示装置の画素電極部分の一例を示す平面図である。ゲート配線1の上にゲート絶縁膜を形成し、この上にソース配線2、ドレン電極3、透明な画素電極4を形成し、さらにTFTを構成している。
【0004】
さらに、ゲート配線と同層、あるいは画素電極の下層に、くし形の補助容量電極5がゲート配線と平行に配置されている。補助容量は、画素電極と補助容量電極により形成される。
【0005】
また、補助容量電極は画素電極と補助容量電極の重なり部で起こる液晶の配向異常に対し、配向異常による光漏れを遮光するブラックマトリクスも兼ねている。
【0006】
このように構成された液晶表示装置においては、TFTはゲートに電圧が印加されている時間(オン状態)は導通状態になっており、その時ソース配線の電気的変化がドレイン電極へ伝えられ、液晶容量、及び補助容量に電荷が蓄積されることによって、液晶層が駆動される。すなわち、液晶容量、及び補助容量が、TFTの駆動すべき負荷容量となる。ゲートがオフ状態になると、TFTは非導通状態となり、蓄積された電荷は、次にゲートがオン状態になるまでの時間、保持されることになる。
【0007】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
通常、アレイ表面あるいはカラーフィルタ表面の液晶分子の初期配向角、いわゆるプレチルト角は、配向膜材料、液晶材料、ラビング強度などで決定されるが、上記の従来の液晶表示装置では、何らかの原因でアレイ側かカラーフィルタ側、もしくはその両方のプレチルト角が著しく低下した場合、画素電極と補助容量電極との重なり部分に発生する液晶の配向異常領域が、表示エリア方向(画素電極側)に増大し、表示を行なった際に正面、もしくは斜め方向から光漏れが起こり、表示不良となる。
【0008】
本発明は、上記のような問題点を解決し、画素電極と補助容量電極との重なり部分に発生する配向異常を抑制すると共に、配向異常領域の画素表示エリア部へのはみ出しを抑制することを目的とする。
【0009】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明の請求項1にかかわる液晶表示装置はマトリクス状に配置された画素電極と、ゲート電極、ソース電極、及びドレイン電極を有し、前記画素電極をスイッチングするトランジスタを備え、また前記画素電極と補助容量を形成する補助容量電極を、画素電極の下層に備え、補助容量電極は補助容量を形成すると共に、TFT側ブラックマトリクスも兼ねることを特徴とする液晶表示装置において、
前記ソース電極に沿って配置された前記補助容量電極の、前記ソース電極に沿った方向と直交する断面における両端の傾斜部が非対称であり、かつ、
前記補助容量電極の、前記画素電極との重なり部分を有する前記ソース電極側の前記傾斜部の幅が、前記画素電極側の前記傾斜部の幅に比べて大きくなるように形成されたものである。
【0010】
本発明の請求項2にかかわる液晶表示装置は前記補助容量電極の断面形状がくさび型になっており、その傾斜部の幅は、前記ソース電極側が前記画素電極側に比べて大きくなるように形成されたものである。
【0011】
【発明の実施の形態】
実施の形態1
図1は、液晶表示装置の画素電極部分の一例を示す平面図である。ゲート配線1の上にゲート絶縁膜を形成し、この上にソース配線2、ドレイン電極3、透明な画素電極4を形成し、さらにTFTを構成している。
【0012】
さらに、ゲート配線と同層、あるいは画素電極の下層に、くし形の補助容量電極5がゲート配線と平行に配置されている。補助容量は、画素電極と補助容量電極により形成される。
【0013】
図2は、従来の液晶表示装置における図1のA−A′の断面図である。補助容量電極5は画素電極と補助容量電極の重なり部17近傍で起こる液晶の配向異常に対し、配向異常による光漏れを遮光する、ブラックマトリクスも兼ねている。
【0014】
図3は、本発明の第1の実施の形態における図1のA−A′の断面図である。この実施の形態では、図2に示す従来の画素電極の下層に、絶縁膜12を介して形成された補助容量電極のソース配線側の傾斜部が、画素電極側のそれに比べて極端に大きくなるように形成したものである。傾斜部の大きさ(平面方向の幅)は、2μm以上であることが望ましい。
【0015】
このようにソース配線側の傾斜部を大きくすることにより電界の方向を制御することができ、補助容量電極と画素電極の重なり部分のプレチルト角は、表示エリア内に比べて大きくなり、補助容量電極と画素電極の重なり部分に発生する配向異常を抑制し、配向異常領域の表示エリア部へのはみ出しを抑制することができる。従って、液晶材料や配向膜材料の特性やその他の要因で、表示エリア内のプレチルト角の低下が起こっても、表示信頼性を維持できる。
【0016】
本実施の形態ではバックライト型の液晶表示装置を例にとり、透明画素電極への適用について説明したが、本発明を反射型液晶表示装置に適用した場合は、反射画素電極周辺部での表示性能の低下を防止できる効果がある。
【0017】
実施の形態2
図4は、本発明の第2の実施の形態における図1のA−A′の断面図である。この実施の形態では、補助容量電極の断面がくさび型になるように形成したものである。傾斜部の幅は、表示エリア側よりソース配線側を大きくしてある。本実施の形態においても、上記実施の形態1と同様の効果が得られる。
【0018】
【発明の効果】
本発明によれば、画素電極の下層に絶縁膜を介して形成された補助容量電極のソース配線側の傾斜部の幅を、画素電極側のそれに比べて大きくなるように形成することにより、補助容量電極と画素電極の重なり部分に発生する配向異常領域の表示エリア部へのはみ出し幅を小さくし、表示信頼性を向上することができる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】液晶表示装置の画素電極部分の一例を示す平面図である。
【図2】従来例を示す図1のA−A′断面図である。
【図3】本発明の実施の形態1を示す図1のA−A′断面図である。
【図4】本発明の実施の形態2を示す図1のA−A′断面図である。
【符号の説明】
1 ゲート配線
2 ソース配線
3 ドレイン電極
4 透明画素電極
5 補助容量電極
11 ガラス基板
12、13 絶縁膜
14 対向透明電極
15 カラーフィルター遮光部
16 液晶層
17 画素電極−補助容量電極重なり部分
[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to an active matrix liquid crystal display device using a thin film transistor (TFT) as a switching element.
[0002]
[Prior art]
The market for liquid crystal display devices is currently rapidly expanding, especially notebook PCs. In particular, an active matrix liquid crystal display device in which a thin film transistor (TFT) is provided in each pixel has excellent characteristics for displaying moving images, such as high contrast and high-speed response, and is widely used.
[0003]
FIG. 1 is a plan view showing an example of a pixel electrode portion of a liquid crystal display device. A gate insulating film is formed on the gate wiring 1, a source wiring 2, a drain electrode 3, and a transparent pixel electrode 4 are formed thereon, and further a TFT is configured.
[0004]
Further, a comb-shaped auxiliary capacitance electrode 5 is arranged in parallel with the gate wiring in the same layer as the gate wiring or in the lower layer of the pixel electrode. The auxiliary capacitance is formed by a pixel electrode and an auxiliary capacitance electrode.
[0005]
The auxiliary capacitance electrode also serves as a black matrix that blocks light leakage due to the alignment abnormality with respect to the alignment abnormality of the liquid crystal that occurs at the overlapping portion of the pixel electrode and the auxiliary capacitance electrode.
[0006]
In the liquid crystal display device configured as described above, the TFT is in a conductive state during the time when the voltage is applied to the gate (ON state), and at that time, the electrical change of the source wiring is transmitted to the drain electrode, The charge is accumulated in the capacitor and the auxiliary capacitor, so that the liquid crystal layer is driven. That is, the liquid crystal capacitor and the auxiliary capacitor are load capacitors to be driven by the TFT. When the gate is turned off, the TFT is turned off, and the accumulated charge is held until the next time the gate is turned on.
[0007]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
Normally, the initial alignment angle of the liquid crystal molecules on the surface of the array or the color filter surface, the so-called pretilt angle, is determined by the alignment film material, the liquid crystal material, the rubbing strength, and the like. When the pretilt angle on the color filter side or the color filter side, or both, is significantly reduced, the liquid crystal alignment abnormal region generated in the overlapping portion of the pixel electrode and the auxiliary capacitance electrode increases in the display area direction (pixel electrode side). When displaying, light leaks from the front or oblique direction, resulting in display failure.
[0008]
The present invention solves the above-described problems, suppresses the alignment abnormality occurring in the overlapping portion of the pixel electrode and the auxiliary capacitance electrode, and suppresses the protrusion of the alignment abnormality region to the pixel display area. Objective.
[0009]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
A liquid crystal display device according to claim 1 of the present invention includes a pixel electrode arranged in a matrix, a gate electrode, a source electrode, and a drain electrode, and includes a transistor that switches the pixel electrode. In the liquid crystal display device, wherein the auxiliary capacitance electrode for forming the auxiliary capacitance is provided in the lower layer of the pixel electrode, the auxiliary capacitance electrode forms the auxiliary capacitance and also serves as a TFT side black matrix.
Inclined portions at both ends in a cross section perpendicular to the direction along the source electrode of the storage capacitor electrode arranged along the source electrode are asymmetric, and
Of the storage capacitor electrode, wherein the inclined portion of the width of the source electrode side with overlap between the pixel electrode, and is formed to be larger than the width of the inclined portion of the pixel electrode side .
[0010]
The liquid crystal display device according to claim 2 of the present invention has a cross-sectional shape of the auxiliary capacitor electrode becomes a wedge-shaped, the width of the inclined portion is formed such that the source electrode side is larger than that of the pixel electrode side It has been done.
[0011]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Embodiment 1
FIG. 1 is a plan view showing an example of a pixel electrode portion of a liquid crystal display device. A gate insulating film is formed on the gate wiring 1, a source wiring 2, a drain electrode 3, and a transparent pixel electrode 4 are formed thereon, and further a TFT is configured.
[0012]
Further, a comb-shaped auxiliary capacitance electrode 5 is arranged in parallel with the gate wiring in the same layer as the gate wiring or in the lower layer of the pixel electrode. The auxiliary capacitance is formed by a pixel electrode and an auxiliary capacitance electrode.
[0013]
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA ′ of FIG. 1 in a conventional liquid crystal display device. The auxiliary capacitance electrode 5 also serves as a black matrix that blocks light leakage due to the alignment abnormality with respect to the alignment abnormality of the liquid crystal that occurs in the vicinity of the overlapping portion 17 of the pixel electrode and the auxiliary capacitance electrode.
[0014]
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA ′ of FIG. 1 in the first embodiment of the present invention. In this embodiment, the inclined portion on the source wiring side of the auxiliary capacitance electrode formed via the insulating film 12 below the conventional pixel electrode shown in FIG. 2 becomes extremely larger than that on the pixel electrode side. It is formed as follows. The size of the inclined portion (width in the planar direction) is desirably 2 μm or more.
[0015]
Thus, the direction of the electric field can be controlled by enlarging the inclined portion on the source wiring side, and the pretilt angle of the overlapping portion of the auxiliary capacitance electrode and the pixel electrode becomes larger than that in the display area, and the auxiliary capacitance electrode And the alignment abnormality occurring in the overlapping portion of the pixel electrode can be suppressed, and the protrusion of the alignment abnormality region to the display area can be suppressed. Therefore, display reliability can be maintained even if the pretilt angle in the display area is reduced due to the characteristics of the liquid crystal material and the alignment film material and other factors.
[0016]
In this embodiment, the backlight type liquid crystal display device is taken as an example, and the application to the transparent pixel electrode has been described. However, when the present invention is applied to the reflection type liquid crystal display device, the display performance in the periphery of the reflective pixel electrode is described. There is an effect that can prevent the decrease of.
[0017]
Embodiment 2
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA ′ of FIG. 1 in the second embodiment of the present invention. In this embodiment, the storage capacitor electrode has a wedge-shaped cross section. The width of the inclined portion is larger on the source wiring side than on the display area side. Also in the present embodiment, the same effect as in the first embodiment can be obtained.
[0018]
【The invention's effect】
According to the present invention, the auxiliary capacitor electrode formed on the lower layer of the pixel electrode through the insulating film is formed so that the width of the inclined portion on the source wiring side is larger than that on the pixel electrode side. It is possible to reduce the protrusion width of the alignment abnormal region generated in the overlapping portion of the capacitor electrode and the pixel electrode to the display area portion, and to improve the display reliability.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a plan view illustrating an example of a pixel electrode portion of a liquid crystal display device.
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA ′ of FIG. 1 showing a conventional example.
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA ′ of FIG. 1 showing Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
4 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA ′ of FIG. 1 showing Embodiment 2 of the present invention. FIG.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Gate wiring 2 Source wiring 3 Drain electrode 4 Transparent pixel electrode 5 Auxiliary capacity electrode 11 Glass substrate 12, 13 Insulating film 14 Opposite transparent electrode 15 Color filter light-shielding part 16 Liquid crystal layer 17 Pixel electrode-auxiliary capacity electrode overlapping part

Claims (2)

マトリクス状に配置された画素電極と、ゲート電極、ソース電極、及びドレイン電極を有し、前記画素電極をスイッチングするトランジスタを備え、また前記画素電極と補助容量を形成する補助容量電極を、画素電極の下層に備え、補助容量電極は補助容量を形成すると共に、TFT側のブラックマトリクスも兼ねることを特徴とする液晶表示装置において、
前記ソース電極に沿って配置された前記補助容量電極の、前記ソース電極に沿った方向と直交する断面における両端の傾斜部が非対称であり、かつ、
前記補助容量電極の、前記画素電極との重なり部分を有する前記ソース電極側の前記傾斜部の幅が、前記画素電極側の前記傾斜部の幅に比べて大きくなるように形成された液晶表示装置。
A pixel electrode having a pixel electrode arranged in a matrix, a gate electrode, a source electrode, and a drain electrode, a transistor that switches the pixel electrode, and an auxiliary capacitance electrode that forms an auxiliary capacitance with the pixel electrode, In the liquid crystal display device, the auxiliary capacitor electrode forms an auxiliary capacitor and also serves as a black matrix on the TFT side.
Inclined portions at both ends in a cross section perpendicular to the direction along the source electrode of the storage capacitor electrode arranged along the source electrode are asymmetric, and
The liquid crystal display device wherein the storage capacitor electrode, a width of the inclined portion of the source electrode side with overlap between the pixel electrodes were formed to be larger than the width of the inclined portion of the pixel electrode side .
前記補助容量電極の断面形状がくさび型になっており、その傾斜部の幅は、前記ソース電極側が前記画素電極側に比べて大きくなるように形成された請求項1記載の液晶表示装置。The cross-sectional shape of the auxiliary capacitance electrode has become a wedge-shaped, the width of the inclined portion, a liquid crystal display device of the source electrode side according to claim 1 wherein formed to be larger than that of the pixel electrode side.
JP659999A 1999-01-13 1999-01-13 Liquid crystal display Expired - Fee Related JP4142786B2 (en)

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JPH02190825A (en) * 1989-01-20 1990-07-26 Seiko Epson Corp Liquid crystal electro-optical element
JPH06194654A (en) * 1992-12-24 1994-07-15 Casio Comput Co Ltd Liquid crystal display element
JP3963974B2 (en) * 1995-12-20 2007-08-22 株式会社半導体エネルギー研究所 Liquid crystal electro-optical device
JPH1082996A (en) * 1996-09-09 1998-03-31 Advanced Display:Kk Liquid crystal display panel
JPH10161102A (en) * 1996-11-29 1998-06-19 Casio Comput Co Ltd Liquid crystal display device
JP3208658B2 (en) * 1997-03-27 2001-09-17 株式会社アドバンスト・ディスプレイ Manufacturing method of electro-optical element
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