JP4134376B2 - Antibacterial sintered body and antibacterial filter using the same - Google Patents
Antibacterial sintered body and antibacterial filter using the same Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP4134376B2 JP4134376B2 JP13320898A JP13320898A JP4134376B2 JP 4134376 B2 JP4134376 B2 JP 4134376B2 JP 13320898 A JP13320898 A JP 13320898A JP 13320898 A JP13320898 A JP 13320898A JP 4134376 B2 JP4134376 B2 JP 4134376B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- antibacterial
- sintered body
- filter
- silver
- present
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
Landscapes
- Filtering Materials (AREA)
- Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
Description
【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
例えば、抗菌性能の必要とされる水道水・飲料水用の抗菌性焼結体からなるフィルタ−に関するものである。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
一般に、従来水道水・飲料水用浄水材料には活性炭が使用されている。これは汚れの除去には有効であるが、雑菌の繁殖を抑制するような抗菌機能は全く有していなかった。その結果藻類の繁殖に起因する汚れ・ぬめり等が発生するという問題があった。このような現象に対する対策として、活性炭粉末中に抗菌金属である銀系化合物を混合する、あるいは、活性炭に銀を担持させた材料が開発、実用化されている。また、同様の目的で、銀の粉末を焼結して取り扱いの簡易なフィルタ−板状の成形体として使用する例(特開平8−71339号、特開平9−149854号)もある。
【0003】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
上述せる従来技術においては、例えば、金属銀を抗菌成分とした場合、その溶出速度が小さく抗菌性が発現するのに時間がかかるという欠点がある。また、銀の粉末として安価な電解析出銀等を用いると製品フィルタ−の気孔率や空孔径等を制御することが困難であった。一方、銀糸、銀線、銀メッキ繊維(特開平8−71339号)を材料とするものや、スリップキャスト法やドクタ−ブレ−ド法(特開平9−149854号)に基づく銀焼結体では、焼結体自体の強度が低く長期間の使用によって破損する場合もあり、実用上の問題点があった。
【0004】
本発明は、上記事情に鑑みなされたもので、従来技術において見られる上述の様な不具合がなく、抗菌性の発現が早く、かつ抗菌効果が長期間に亘って持続し、製造も容易で、長期間に亘っての使用が可能な抗菌体を提供することを目的とする。
【0005】
【課題を解決するための手段】
上記目的を達成するために、本発明においては、銀−酸化銀複合焼結体を利用することを特徴とする。つまり、
(1)銀−酸化銀複合焼結体において、重量%で、酸化銀が5〜30である抗菌性焼結体、
(2)(1)記載の抗菌性焼結体からなる抗菌性フィルタ−、に特徴を有するものである。
【0006】
本発明においては、例えば、銀−酸化銀複合焼結体を水道水用のフィルタ−として使用した場合、酸化銀の存在により抗菌性を有する銀イオンの溶出が容易となり、かつ焼結体中の酸化銀の含有量を調節することにより、その溶出速度を制御し、長期間に亘って十分な殺菌力を維持することが出来る。
【0007】
また、銀との複合焼結体とすることにより、長期間の使用に耐える高強度の焼結体を得ることが出来、更に酸化銀焼結体を大気中で焼結するという簡単な方法で、所望の焼結体が得られ、取り扱い上、コスト面においても非常に有利である。
【0008】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下、本発明の実施の形態について説明する。
まず、酸化銀粉末(平均粒径1μm〜1mm)を用意し、この粉末を一軸油圧プレス等の冷間プレスで、荷重10〜200kgf/cm2にて圧縮し素成形体を作製した。これを、揮発性焼結助剤であるポリエチレン、ポリスチレン、ポリビニ−ルアルコ−ル、ビスコ−ス等のバインダ−(配合率0〜20%)と共にボ−ルミルを用いて均一混合し、その混合物を大気炉で200〜500℃にて0.5時間焼結を行い、本発明の抗菌性焼結体を作製した。次いで、この焼結体から15mmφ×2mmt形状の本発明の抗菌性フィルタ−を作製した。
【0009】
以下、数値限定した理由について説明する。
(イ)酸化銀の含有量
酸化銀の含有量は、本発明の抗菌材料において、抗菌性の早期発現性を損なうことなく、有効な抗菌性を長期間持続せしめるに必要な値で、その値が30%を超えると、焼結体の強度が不十分となり、また、銀イオンの溶出速度が過大となり、周囲の部材表面上へ銀化合物の沈着が発生するので、その値を、5〜30重量%と定めた。望ましくは、8〜25%重量%である。
【0010】
本発明においては、酸化物銀粉末の粒径は、焼結体の適正な強度を得る作用をするが、その値が1μm未満では、上記作用効果が得られなくなり、一方その値が、1mmを超えると、焼結体の緻密度が低下するので、その値を、1μm〜1mmが望ましく、更に望ましくは、10〜300μmである。
【0011】
また、揮発性焼結助剤の配合率は、酸化銀の還元率を適正に制御する作用を有するが、その値が、20%を超えると、酸化銀の還元効果が必要以上に過大となるので、その値は、0〜20%が望ましい。さらに望ましくは、0〜10%である。
【0012】
冷間成形圧の値は、10〜200kgf/cm2が望ましく、更に望ましくは、100〜150kgf/cm2である。
【0013】
焼成温度は、酸化銀の適正な含有量を得る作用をするが、その値が、200℃未満では、焼結速度が遅く、実用に適さない。一方その値が500℃を超えると焼結が過度に進行し、焼結体全体が金属銀に還元されてしまうので、その値は、200〜500℃が望ましい。更に望ましくは、250〜300℃である。
【0014】
【実施例】
以下、本発明の実施例について具体的に説明する。
[実施例1]
湿式合成法を用いて作製した酸化銀粉末(平均粒径:18.2μm)を、冷間プレスで荷重150kgf/cm2にて圧縮し素成形体を作製した。これをバインダ−(ポリエチレン粉末)と共にボ−ルミルを用いて均一混合し、その混合粉を大気炉にて230℃で0.5時間焼結を行ない、本発明の抗菌性焼結体1(以下、単に本発明焼結体1と言う)を作製した。次いで、得られた焼結体から15mmφ×2mmt形状の本発明の抗菌性フィルタ−1(以下、単に本発明フィルタ−1と言う)を作製した。
【0015】
[実施例2]
酸化銀粉末の平均粒径:150μm、バインダ−(ポリビニ−ルアルコ−ル)、プレス圧120kgf/cm2、焼結温度300℃以外は、実施例1と同様にして、本発明の抗菌性焼結体2(以下、単に本発明焼結体2と言う)および本発明の抗菌性フィルタ−2(以下、単に本発明フィルタ−2と言う)を作製した。
【0016】
[実施例3]
酸化銀粉末の平均粒径:500μm、バインダ−(ポリスチレン)、プレス圧180kgf/cm2、焼結温度450℃以外は、実施例1と同様にして、本発明の抗菌性焼結体3(以下、単に本発明焼結体3と言う)および本発明の抗菌性フィルタ−3(以下、単に本発明フィルタ−3と言う)を作製した。
【0017】
[従来例1]
電解析出にて精製した後粉砕して作製した金属銀粉末(平均粒径:24、7μm)を用いて実施例1と同様の工程にて、従来の抗菌性焼結体1(以下、単に従来焼結体1と言う)および従来の抗菌性フィルタ−1(以下、単に従来フィルタ−1と言う)を作製した。
【0018】
[従来例2]
金属銀インゴットを転打加工および冷間伸線加工により、直径0.3mmの素線とし、これを真空炉中で300℃、1時間の焼鈍処理を行って金属銀ワイヤ−とした。このワイヤ−を冷間プレスで20kgf/cm2の荷重を加えて粗成形し、再び焼鈍処理(300℃、1時間)を行い、従来の抗菌性焼結体2(以下、単に従来焼結体2と言う)を作製した。次いで、この焼結体から13mmφ×3mmtの円盤を切り出し、テフロン製の支持容器(外寸法:実施例および従来例のフィルタ−を)に入れて、フィルタ−状試験片である従来の抗菌性フィルタ−2(以下、単に従来フィルタ−2と言う)を作製した。テフロン容器の上下円形面には直径0.5mmtの穴が約40個ずつ開けられており、液体を透過できる様になっている。
【0019】
上記の実施例および従来例の焼結体の焼結密度を夫々表1に示した。
フィルタ−材の耐久性試験として、水道蛇口部に、上記のフィルタ−を夫々用い、その損傷程度を調べた。直径15mmの水道パイプ中に実施例および従来例のフィルタ−を固定し、水道水を5l/minの流量で1分間管を閉じて静置するというサイクルを6000回まで行った。フィルタ−の損傷については、重量変化および実体顕微鏡による外観観察により、評価を行った。得られた結果を表2に示した。
【0020】
【表1】
【0021】
【表2】
【0022】
水道管残留水に対する殺菌能力試験をJISの菌数測定法に準拠した以下の方法により行った。
実施例および従来例のフィルタ−を装着した内径15mmφ×500mmのステンレス管全体を減菌し、蒸留水83mlに大腸菌培養液(菌数:約2×105cfu/ml)を5ml加えて封入する。これらと、フィルタ−を挿入せずに蒸留水のみを封入した対照試料について、25℃にて72時間まで静置し、生菌数を調べた。また、本試験用フィルタ−には製造直後のものに加え、前記の耐久性試験において水流開閉サイクル6000回まで試験したフィルタ−についても本抗菌性試験に供した。結果を表3に示した。
【0023】
【表3】
【0024】
【発明の効果】
表1〜3で明らかな様に、本発明の抗菌性焼結体1〜3および抗菌性フィルタ−1〜3は、従来の抗菌性焼結体1〜2および抗菌性フィルタ−1〜2に較べ、その焼結体から構成されるフィルタ−の耐久性試験に於いて、重量変化および外観観察によって、損傷程度が小さく、その優れた耐久性が認められ、焼結体の密度も高く長期間の使用に耐える強度を有することが明らかである。また、菌数測定法により、減菌作用に優れていることが判明し、本発明の焼結体およびフィルタ−を利用することにより、関連分野で大いに貢献することが期待される。[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
For example, the present invention relates to a filter made of an antibacterial sintered body for tap water and drinking water that requires antibacterial performance.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In general, activated carbon is used as a water purification material for tap water and drinking water. This is effective for removing dirt, but has no antibacterial function to suppress the propagation of various bacteria. As a result, there was a problem that dirt, slime, etc. due to algae breeding occurred. As a countermeasure against such a phenomenon, a material in which a silver compound, which is an antibacterial metal, is mixed in activated carbon powder or silver is supported on activated carbon has been developed and put to practical use. In addition, for the same purpose, there is an example (JP-A-8-71339, JP-A-9-149854) in which silver powder is sintered and used as a filter-plate-shaped compact that is easy to handle.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
In the prior art described above, for example, when metallic silver is used as an antibacterial component, there is a drawback that it takes time for the elution rate to be small and to exhibit antibacterial properties. In addition, when inexpensive electrolytically deposited silver or the like is used as the silver powder, it is difficult to control the porosity, pore diameter, etc. of the product filter. On the other hand, in the case of a silver sintered body based on silver thread, silver wire, silver-plated fiber (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 8-71339), or a silver sintered body based on a slip cast method or a doctor blade method (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 9-149854) In some cases, the sintered body itself has a low strength and may be damaged due to long-term use.
[0004]
The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and does not have the above-mentioned problems seen in the prior art, has a rapid onset of antibacterial properties, has an antibacterial effect that lasts for a long period of time, and is easy to manufacture, It aims at providing the antibacterial body which can be used over a long period of time.
[0005]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is characterized by utilizing a silver-silver oxide composite sintered body. That means
(1) In the silver-silver oxide composite sintered body, an antibacterial sintered body having 5 to 30% by weight of silver oxide,
(2) It is characterized by an antibacterial filter comprising the antibacterial sintered body described in (1).
[0006]
In the present invention, for example, when a silver-silver oxide composite sintered body is used as a filter for tap water, elution of antibacterial silver ions is facilitated by the presence of silver oxide, and the sintered body contains By adjusting the content of silver oxide, the elution rate can be controlled, and sufficient bactericidal power can be maintained over a long period of time.
[0007]
In addition, by using a composite sintered body with silver, a high-strength sintered body that can withstand long-term use can be obtained, and furthermore, a silver oxide sintered body can be sintered in the air by a simple method. A desired sintered body can be obtained, which is very advantageous in terms of handling and cost.
[0008]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Embodiments of the present invention will be described below.
First, silver oxide powder (average particle size: 1 μm to 1 mm) was prepared, and this powder was compressed with a cold press such as a uniaxial hydraulic press at a load of 10 to 200 kgf / cm 2 to prepare an green compact. This is uniformly mixed with a volatile sintering aid such as polyethylene, polystyrene, polyvinyl alcohol, viscose and the like (mixing ratio: 0 to 20%) using a ball mill, and the mixture is mixed. Sintering was performed at 200 to 500 ° C. for 0.5 hours in an atmospheric furnace to produce the antibacterial sintered body of the present invention. Next, an antibacterial filter of the present invention having a 15 mmφ × 2 mm t shape was produced from this sintered body.
[0009]
Hereinafter, the reason for the numerical limitation will be described.
(B) Silver oxide content The silver oxide content is a value necessary for maintaining effective antibacterial properties for a long period of time without impairing the early development of antibacterial properties in the antibacterial material of the present invention. If it exceeds 30%, the strength of the sintered body becomes insufficient, the elution rate of silver ions becomes excessive, and deposition of a silver compound occurs on the surrounding member surface. It was defined as weight%. Desirably, it is 8 to 25% by weight.
[0010]
In the present invention, the particle size of the oxide silver powder acts to obtain an appropriate strength of the sintered body. However, if the value is less than 1 μm, the above-mentioned effects cannot be obtained, while the value is 1 mm. If it exceeds, the density of the sintered body is lowered, so the value is preferably 1 μm to 1 mm, more preferably 10 to 300 μm.
[0011]
Further, the blending ratio of the volatile sintering aid has an effect of appropriately controlling the reduction rate of the silver oxide, but if the value exceeds 20%, the reduction effect of the silver oxide becomes excessively larger than necessary. Therefore, the value is desirably 0 to 20%. More preferably, it is 0 to 10%.
[0012]
The value of the cold forming pressure is desirably 10 to 200 kgf / cm 2, more desirably 100 to 150 kgf / cm 2 .
[0013]
The firing temperature acts to obtain an appropriate content of silver oxide, but if the value is less than 200 ° C., the sintering rate is slow and is not suitable for practical use. On the other hand, if the value exceeds 500 ° C., the sintering proceeds excessively, and the entire sintered body is reduced to metallic silver. Therefore, the value is preferably 200 to 500 ° C. More preferably, it is 250-300 degreeC.
[0014]
【Example】
Examples of the present invention will be specifically described below.
[Example 1]
Silver oxide powder (average particle diameter: 18.2 μm) produced using a wet synthesis method was compressed with a cold press at a load of 150 kgf / cm 2 to produce an green compact. This was uniformly mixed with a binder (polyethylene powder) using a ball mill, and the mixed powder was sintered in an atmospheric furnace at 230 ° C. for 0.5 hours to obtain the antibacterial sintered body 1 (hereinafter referred to as “antibacterial sintered body”) of the present invention. Simply referred to as the sintered body 1 of the present invention). Next, an antibacterial filter-1 of the present invention having a 15 mmφ × 2 mm t shape (hereinafter simply referred to as the present filter-1) was produced from the obtained sintered body.
[0015]
[Example 2]
Average particle diameter of silver oxide powder: 150 μm, antibacterial sintering of the present invention in the same manner as in Example 1 except that binder (polyvinyl alcohol), press pressure 120 kgf / cm 2 , sintering temperature 300 ° C. The body 2 (hereinafter simply referred to as the present sintered body 2) and the antibacterial filter-2 of the present invention (hereinafter simply referred to as the present invention filter-2) were produced.
[0016]
[Example 3]
The average particle diameter of silver oxide powder: 500 μm, binder (polystyrene), press pressure 180 kgf / cm 2 , sintering temperature 450 ° C. And simply referred to as the present invention sintered body 3) and antibacterial filter-3 of the present invention (hereinafter simply referred to as the present invention filter-3).
[0017]
[Conventional example 1]
A conventional antibacterial sintered body 1 (hereinafter, simply referred to as “Example 1”) is obtained by using the metallic silver powder (average particle size: 24, 7 μm) that is refined by electrolytic deposition and then pulverized. Conventional sintered body 1) and a conventional antibacterial filter-1 (hereinafter simply referred to as conventional filter-1) were produced.
[0018]
[Conventional example 2]
A metal silver ingot was formed into a metal wire having a diameter of 0.3 mm by rolling and cold drawing, and this was annealed in a vacuum furnace at 300 ° C. for 1 hour to obtain a metal silver wire. This wire was roughly formed by applying a load of 20 kgf / cm 2 with a cold press, and again annealed (300 ° C., 1 hour) to obtain a conventional antibacterial sintered body 2 (hereinafter simply referred to as a conventional sintered body). 2). Next, a 13 mmφ × 3 mm t disk was cut out from this sintered body and placed in a Teflon support container (outer dimensions: filter of Example and Conventional Example), and the conventional antibacterial property which is a filter-like test piece. Filter-2 (hereinafter simply referred to as conventional filter-2) was produced. About 40 holes with a diameter of 0.5 mmt are formed in the upper and lower circular surfaces of the Teflon container so that the liquid can permeate.
[0019]
Table 1 shows the sintered densities of the sintered bodies of the above-described examples and conventional examples.
As a durability test of the filter material, the degree of damage was examined by using each of the above filters in the water tap. The filter of the example and the conventional example was fixed in a water pipe having a diameter of 15 mm, and a cycle of closing the pipe for 1 minute at a flow rate of 5 l / min and leaving the tap water to stand was performed up to 6000 times. The filter damage was evaluated by weight change and appearance observation with a stereomicroscope. The obtained results are shown in Table 2.
[0020]
[Table 1]
[0021]
[Table 2]
[0022]
The sterilization ability test for the water remaining in the water pipe was performed by the following method based on the JIS bacteria count method.
The entire stainless steel tube having an inner diameter of 15 mmφ × 500 mm equipped with the filter of Example and Conventional Example is sterilized, and 5 ml of E. coli culture solution (the number of bacteria: about 2 × 10 5 cfu / ml) is added to 83 ml of distilled water and sealed. About these and the control sample which enclosed only distilled water without inserting a filter, it left still at 25 degreeC for 72 hours, and investigated the viable cell count. Further, in addition to the filter for this test immediately after production, the filter tested up to 6000 times of the water flow opening / closing cycle in the above durability test was also subjected to this antibacterial test. The results are shown in Table 3.
[0023]
[Table 3]
[0024]
【The invention's effect】
As is apparent from Tables 1 to 3, the antibacterial sintered bodies 1 to 3 and the antibacterial filters -1 to 3 of the present invention are the same as the conventional antibacterial sintered bodies 1 to 2 and the antibacterial filters 1 to 2. In comparison, in the durability test of the filter composed of the sintered body, the degree of damage is small and its excellent durability is recognized by the weight change and appearance observation, and the sintered body has a high density and a long period of time. It is clear that it has the strength to withstand the use of In addition, it has been found that the method for measuring the number of bacteria is excellent in the sterilization effect, and it is expected that the sintered body and the filter of the present invention will contribute greatly in related fields.
Claims (2)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP13320898A JP4134376B2 (en) | 1998-05-15 | 1998-05-15 | Antibacterial sintered body and antibacterial filter using the same |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP13320898A JP4134376B2 (en) | 1998-05-15 | 1998-05-15 | Antibacterial sintered body and antibacterial filter using the same |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
JPH11323475A JPH11323475A (en) | 1999-11-26 |
JP4134376B2 true JP4134376B2 (en) | 2008-08-20 |
Family
ID=15099269
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP13320898A Expired - Fee Related JP4134376B2 (en) | 1998-05-15 | 1998-05-15 | Antibacterial sintered body and antibacterial filter using the same |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
JP (1) | JP4134376B2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2005314281A (en) * | 2004-04-28 | 2005-11-10 | Kitasato Gakuen | Bactericide for bacteria living in environmental water and bactericidal method |
KR20210059570A (en) * | 2019-11-15 | 2021-05-25 | 긴미라이 가부시키가이샤 | Atnti-bacterial Product, Atnti-bacterial Stick, and Water Saving Container |
CN112759952A (en) * | 2020-12-25 | 2021-05-07 | 浙江苏生元福珠宝有限公司 | Oily sintered silver paste and preparation method thereof |
-
1998
- 1998-05-15 JP JP13320898A patent/JP4134376B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JPH11323475A (en) | 1999-11-26 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
EP1621217B1 (en) | Antimicrobial powder and material | |
JP5711328B2 (en) | Substance with antibacterial effect | |
EP3558401A1 (en) | Water-containing hydrogel composition, comprising elemental silver particles | |
Jakubovskis et al. | Impact of Portland cement type on bacterial viability in biological concrete | |
WO2014071346A1 (en) | Porous metal ceramic materials and methods for making and using the same | |
CN107739886B (en) | A kind of titanium silver alloy and preparation method thereof for orthopaedics implant | |
JP4134376B2 (en) | Antibacterial sintered body and antibacterial filter using the same | |
US10077214B2 (en) | Sintered porous material and filter element using same | |
Wang et al. | In situ growth of self-organized Cu-containing nano-tubes and nano-pores on Ti90− xCu10Alx (x= 0, 45) alloys by one-pot anodization and evaluation of their antimicrobial activity and cytotoxicity | |
CN107523711A (en) | The preparation method of POROUS TITANIUM silver alloy | |
DE212010000186U1 (en) | Bactericidal sorbent material | |
KR20140090962A (en) | Manufacturing method for antibacterial titanium implant and antibacterial titanium implant by thesame | |
Luo et al. | Novel function-structure-integrated Ti-Mo-Cu alloy combined with excellent antibacterial properties and mechanical compatibility as implant application | |
Nangmenyi et al. | Bactericidal activity of Ag nanoparticle-impregnated fibreglass for water disinfection | |
CN102475903B (en) | Preparation method for medical metal implant material porous niobium | |
Clerkx et al. | Anatomy of cut Rosa xylem observed by scanning electron microscope | |
Bartkowska et al. | Biodegradable porous FeMn (–x Ag) alloys: Assessment of cytocompatibility, mechanical, magnetic and antibiofilm properties | |
CN102475904B (en) | Preparation method of medical porous metal implant material | |
CN102475905B (en) | Preparation method of medical metal implanted material porous niobium | |
Schmidt et al. | Metallic-oxide encrustations of the nonprosthecate stalks of naturally occurring populations of Planctomyces bekefii | |
CN102475902B (en) | Preparation method of medical porous metal implant material | |
CN110284022A (en) | A kind of preparation method of silver titanium alloy | |
CN110697908A (en) | Diatomite ceramic biomembrane filter element for sewage treatment and preparation method thereof | |
KR102558224B1 (en) | Manufacturing method of activated carbon with antibiosis using nanometallic powder | |
RU2746877C1 (en) | Porous filter element and its manufacturing method |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
A621 | Written request for application examination |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A621 Effective date: 20050516 |
|
TRDD | Decision of grant or rejection written | ||
A01 | Written decision to grant a patent or to grant a registration (utility model) |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A01 Effective date: 20080507 |
|
A01 | Written decision to grant a patent or to grant a registration (utility model) |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A01 |
|
A61 | First payment of annual fees (during grant procedure) |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A61 Effective date: 20080520 |
|
R150 | Certificate of patent or registration of utility model |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R150 |
|
FPAY | Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database) |
Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20110613 Year of fee payment: 3 |
|
FPAY | Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database) |
Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20110613 Year of fee payment: 3 |
|
S531 | Written request for registration of change of domicile |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R313531 |
|
FPAY | Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database) |
Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20110613 Year of fee payment: 3 |
|
R350 | Written notification of registration of transfer |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R350 |
|
FPAY | Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database) |
Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20120613 Year of fee payment: 4 |
|
FPAY | Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database) |
Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20120613 Year of fee payment: 4 |
|
FPAY | Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database) |
Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20130613 Year of fee payment: 5 |
|
LAPS | Cancellation because of no payment of annual fees |